2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專題特訓(xùn)13含解析

PAGE閱讀理解專題特訓(xùn)13AWhetheryoupreferburningthemidnightoilorgoingtobedearlysoyoucangetupatthebreakofdawndependsonyourgenes,accordingtoexperts.Ijumpoutofbedeachmorning,eagertostartanactiveday.ButIcanhearmyneighbour’salarmclockringingnon-stopeverymorningandIdoubthegetstoworkontime.Alotofnoisecomesfromhisflatintheevening.He’shappytostayupwatchingTVtillaftermidnight,whileIgotobedearlyandtrytosleep.Well,itmightnotbehisfaultafterall.I’mcalled“alark(百靈鳥)”andmyneighbour“anowl(貓頭鷹)”.Weallhaveinside“clocks”inthebraintocontrolallkindsofbodilyfunctionsanditisreseteverydaybylight.Theseinsideclocksruntoadifferentschedulein“l(fā)arks”and“owls”.Ifyouhaveafastclock,youliketodothingsearly,andifyouhaveaslowclock,youliketodothingslate.Becauseweliveina24/7world,scientistsbelieveit’simportanttounderstandaperson’s“chronotype”—thetimeofthedaywhentheyfunctionthebest.Itcouldhelpusleadahealthierlife.AUSprofessorhasstudiedsleepingpatternsandthinksworktimesshouldbechangedandmademoreindividualtofitinwithourchronotypes.Andhehasadviceforthosewhocan’tchoosetheirworkinghours:“Ifthat’snotpossible,weshouldbemorecarefulaboutlightexposure,”saystheprofessor.“Youshouldtrytogotoworknotinacoveredvehiclebutonabike.Theminutethesunsetsweshouldusethingsthathavenobluelight,likecomputerscreensandotherelectronicdevices.”1.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Bypresentingandsolvingproblems.B.Byexplainingthecause-effectrelationship.C.Bygivingexamplesanddrawingaconclusion.D.Byanalyzingdifferencesandprovidingadvice.2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheauthor’sneighbour.

A.almostalwaysgetstoworkontimeB.hastoworkdeepintothenighteverydayC.ispassiveduringthedaybutenergeticatnightD.iseasilywokenupbyhisalarmclockinthemorning3.Thingswithbluelightarenotrecommendedaftersunsetbecausebluelight.

A.willmakeyounervousB.maycausesleepproblemsC.willreduceyourworkefficiencyD.maymakeyousleepyB(2024·全國Ⅲ卷,A)OPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYolo!ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami(折紙術(shù))artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.(WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W.86thSt.212-868-4444.)TheAudienceHelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethⅡoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.(Schoenfeld,236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.(Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.)OntheTwentiethCenturyKristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar’sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.212-719-1300.)1.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A.Atypeofart. B.Ateenager’sstudio. C.Agreatteacher. D.Agroupofanimals.2.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A.HelenMirren. B.PeterMorgan. C.DylanBaker. D.StephenDaldry.3.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A.AnimalsOutofPaper. B.TheAudience.C.Hamilton. D.OntheTwentiethCentury.C(2024·全國Ⅰ卷,B)GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列節(jié)目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.1.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests. B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning. D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.2.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher. B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters. D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart B.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChef D.CookingWellforLessDWeknowthefamousones—theThomasEdisonsandtheAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?Whataboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn’tweknowwhotheyare?JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact,McLean,aprofessorofphysicsatMountainUniversityinRange,feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe’sdevelopedacourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning“who”invented“what”,however,McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe“why”and“how”questions.AccordingtoMcLean,“Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.”Herstudentsagree.OneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellaiswalkingproofofMcLean’sstatement.“IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper’sinvention,”saidTommyLee,aseniorphysicsmajor,“Iwouldneverhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.”Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrellaproducer.So,justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well,MaryAndersoncameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascoldandstormy,butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield,shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn’tbeabuilt-indeviceforcleaningthewindow.StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham,Alabama,Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.Oneofherideas,alever(操作桿)ontheinsideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside,becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It’shardtoimaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.Morgan’strafficlight.It’sequallyimpossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.Blodgett’sinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses?1.Bymentioning“trafficlight”and“windshieldwiper”,theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare.

A.beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamousB.beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamousC.notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamousD.notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous2.ProfessorJoanMcLean’scourseaimsto.

A.addcolourandvarietytostudents’campuslifeB.informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper’sinventionC.carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversityD.preparestudentsfortheirowninventions3.TommyLee’sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas.

A.noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducerB.inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiperC.duetohisexperienceofbeingcaughtinasnowstormD.notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean’slectures4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?A.HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?B.HowtoDesignaBuilt-inDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?C.Shouldn’tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?D.Shouldn’tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?E(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.1Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

●2Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.

●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.3Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有憐憫心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”

●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.4

●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.5Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?

A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?答案：A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。作者通過分析自己和鄰居不同的作息狀況,說明白每個(gè)人都有自己的睡眠類型:有的人晚上的工作效率高,有的人白天的工作效率高。但是,假如無法選擇工作時(shí)間,那么就應(yīng)在晚上盡量避開藍(lán)色的光,因?yàn)樗{(lán)色的光可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡眠問題。1.D解析:寫作手法題。作者通過分析自己與鄰居不同的作息狀況,提到這是由于基因的不同造成的。然后,作者對(duì)此提出建議,即不同的人應(yīng)當(dāng)采納不同的作息時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)。2.C解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“ButIcanhear...toworkontime.”和第三段可知,作者的鄰居白天狀態(tài)消極,晚上卻精力充足。故選C項(xiàng)。3.B解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段第一句可知,假如我們無法選擇工作時(shí)間,不得不在白天工作而在晚上休息,我們就應(yīng)當(dāng)更加留意光的照耀,尤其是不要在晚上接觸藍(lán)色的光。由此可推知,藍(lán)色的光可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡眠問題。故選B項(xiàng)。B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了二月份有四部要演出的戲劇。1.A解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由題干RajivJoseph定位到AnimalsOutofPaper部分,依據(jù)本段中的“...inwhichanorigamiartistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.”可知,這部戲劇是關(guān)于折紙藝術(shù)的。故選A項(xiàng)。2.D解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)TheAudience部分中的“StephenDaldrydirects.”可知,StephenDaldry是TheAudience的導(dǎo)演。3.C解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Hamilton部分中的“...inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.”可知,假如對(duì)美國歷史感愛好可以觀看Hamilton。C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一檔新節(jié)目,其內(nèi)容為如何在資金驚慌的狀況下做出養(yǎng)分可口的飯菜。1.B解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章的第一段,特殊是其中的轉(zhuǎn)折部分“...butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.”可知,她最近的角色是教觀眾如何在資金驚慌的狀況下做出養(yǎng)分可口的飯菜。由此推想,她現(xiàn)在起先了一個(gè)新節(jié)目,所以選B項(xiàng)。2.C解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“...withthehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.”可知,MattTebbutt在烹飪方面賜予了她幫助,所以選C項(xiàng)。3.C解析:推理推斷題。作者在第四段中提到“Theeight-partseries,SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthef