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初中英語(新課標版)中考總復(fù)習(xí)沖?刺材料初中英語·新課標版·中考復(fù)習(xí)·知識總結(jié)·重點提要·專題整合·課題專練·名師講解聲明:本復(fù)習(xí)材料適?用于初三中考?學(xué)生,知識點全面,內(nèi)含中考試題?和分析講解,1個月即可速?成,普遍提升英語?成績可達30?分以上,熟練掌握者,完全可以攻破?中考英語關(guān)!特別聲明:版權(quán)所有,翻版必究?。?!鳴謝:本資源部分參?考至互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和?其他書籍材料?,特此提出感謝?!【初中英語詞組?總結(jié)】1(see、hear、notice?、find、feel、listen?to、lookat(感官動詞)+doeg:Ilikewatchi?ngmonkey?sjump2(比較級and比較級)表示越來越怎?么樣3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟(容易)4agreewithsb贊成某人5allkindsof各種各樣akindof一樣6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整個世界7alongwith同……一道,伴隨……eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我將和?你一起去thestuden?tsplante?dtreesalongwiththeirteache?rs學(xué)生同老師們?一起種樹8Assoonas一怎么樣就怎?么樣9asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor……求助向…要…(直接接想要的?東西)eg:askyouformybook11asksbforsth向某人什么12asksbtodosth詢問某人某事?asksbnottodo叫某人不要做?某事13attheageof在……歲時eg:Iamsixtee?nIamattheageofsixtee?n14atthebeginn?ingof…………的起初;……的開始15attheendof+地點/+時間最后;盡頭;末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的這個?時候17be/feelconfid?entofsth/thatclause?+從句感覺/對什么有信心?,自信eg:Iam/feelconfid?entofmyspoken?Englis?hIfeelthatIcanpassthetest18be+doing表:1現(xiàn)在進行時2將來時19beableto(+v原)=can(+v原)能夠……eg:SheisabletosingShecansing20beabletodosth能夠干什么eg:sheisabletosing21beafraid?todo(ofsth恐懼,害怕……eg:I'mafraed?togooutatnightI'mafraid?ofdog22beallowe?dtodo被允許做什么?eg:I'mallowe?dtowatchTV我被允許看電?視Ishould?beallowe?dtowatchTV我應(yīng)該被允許?看電視23beangrywithsb生某人的氣eg:Don'tbeangrywithme24beangrywith(at)sbfordoingsth為什么而生某?人的氣25beas…原級…as和什么一樣eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一樣高?26beashame?dto27beawayfrom遠離28beawayfrom從……離開29bebadfor對什么有害eg:Readin?gbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太陽下看書?對你的眼睛不?好30beborn出生于31bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事?bebusywithsth忙于……32becarefu?l當心;小心33bediffer?entfrom……和什么不一樣?34befamous?for以……著名35befriend?lytosb對某人友好36befrom=comefrom來自eg:HeisfromBejing?HecomesfromBejing?IshefromBejing??DoeshecomefromBejing??37befullof裝滿……的befilled?with充滿eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilled?withwater38beglad+to+do/從句39begoingto+v(原)將來時40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善長?,善于……41begoodfor對什么有好處?eg:Readin?galoudisgoodforyourEnglis?h42behappytodo很高興做某事?43behelpfu?ltosb對某人有好處?eg:Readin?galoudishelpfu?ltoyou大聲朗讀對你?有好處Exerci?singishelpfu?ltoyourbady鍛煉對你的身?體有好處44beingoodhealth?身體健康45beintroubl?e處于困難中eg:Sheisintroubl?eTheyareintronbl?e46beintere?stedin對某方面感興?趣47belatefor=comelateto遲到eg:Belateforclass上課遲到48belike像……eg:I'mlikemymother?49bemadat生某人的氣50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不?見原材料)51bemadeof由……制成(制成以后還看?得見原材料)52benotsure表不確定53beonavisitto參觀54bepopula?rwithsb受某人歡迎55bequiet安靜56beshortfor表**的縮寫eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰57besickinbed生病在床58besorrytodosthbesorryforsbeg:Iamsorryforyou59besorrytohearthat60besorrytotroubl?esbeg:Iamsorrytotroubl?eyou61bestrict?indoingsth嚴于做某事eg:He'sstrict?inobeyin?gnoles62bestrict?withsb對某人要求嚴?格eg:Somestuden?tsarenotstrict?withthemselves?這些學(xué)生對自?己不嚴格63bestrict?withsbinsth某方面對某人?嚴格64besuppos?edtodo被要求干什么?65besure表確定66besureofdoingsth對做某事有信?心eg:Heissureofwinnin?gIamsureoflearni?ngEnglis?hwell67besureofsth對做某事有信?心eg:I'msureofmyhead(myteache?r我相信我的大?腦(老師)68besurethatsth對做某事有信?心eg:I'msuerthathecanpassthetest我相信他能通?過考試69besuretodosth一定會?做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我們一定會通?過這次考試WearesuretolearnEnglis?hwell我們一定能學(xué)?好英語70beterrif?iedof+名/動doing?害怕……71beterrif?iedtodosth害怕做某事72bethesameas…和什么一樣73beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣做某事eg:Myfather?isusedtogettin?gupearly我爸爸習(xí)慣早?Heisusedtosleepi?nginclass他習(xí)慣上課睡?覺74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraid?todosth害怕做某事b?eafraid?ofsth害怕某物beafraid?that叢句76becaus?e+句子becaus?eof+短語eg:Hewaslatebecaus?ehehadaheadac?heHewaslatebecaus?eofhisheadac?he77begintodo=starttodo開始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么開始什?么eg:Let'sbeginthegamewiththesongIbegintogohome78betwee?n…and…兩者之間79borrow?sthfromsb向……借……lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借給……什么東西eg:Iborrow?edapenfromhimhelentapentome(helentmeapen80both=thesame(as)=notdiffer?ent(from)表相同81bother?打擾bother?sbtodostheg:I'msorrytobother?you,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestatio?n我十分道歉打?擾你,但是你能告訴?我怎么去車站?theproble?mhasbeenbother?ingmeforweeks這個問題困擾?了我?guī)讉€周了?He'sbother?ingmetolendhimmoney82bytheendof到……為止83callsbstheg:Wecallhimoldwang84care關(guān)心eg:Don'tyoucareaboutthiscountr?y'sfuture??你為什么不關(guān)?心國家的未來?85catchupwithsb趕上某人86chatwithsb和某人閑談takesbto+地點帶某人去某地?87comein進88comeoverto過來89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一個?好辦法嗎?90commun?icatewithsb和某人交流91consid?er+doing考慮做什么eg:Whynotconsid?ergoingtoluzhou為什么不考慮?去瀘州?92danceto隨著……跳舞eg:Shelikesdancin?gtothemusic她喜歡隨著音?樂跳舞93decide?todosth決定做某事94doasurvey?of做某方面的調(diào)?查95dobetter?in在……方面做得更好?96dowrong做錯97Don'tforget?todosth不要忘了做某?事98Don'tmind+doing/從句/名詞不要介意……99each+名(單)每一個…eg:Eachstuden?thasmanybooks每一個學(xué)生都?有一些書100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜?歡102escape?from從……逃跑eg:Theprison?ershaveescape?dfromtheprison?犯人從監(jiān)獄里?逃跑出來103expect?todosth期待做某事104falldown摔下來falloff從哪摔下來105fallinlovewithsb/sth愛上什么106farfrom離某地遠eg:Theschool?isfarfrommyhome107find+it+adj+todo發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎?么樣108findsb/sth+adj發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么?樣eg:Ifindthebookintere?sting109finish?完成+doing(名詞)110fittosb=befitforsb適合某人111forget?todo沒有做而忘了?forget?doing做了而又忘了?eg:Don'tforget?togohomeIforget?closin?gdoor112from…to…從某某到某某?eg:Frommeforher113get/havesthdown做完,被(別人)做…eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了)Tomgothisbadtoothpulled?out湯母把他的壞?牙拔掉了(被牙醫(yī)拔掉了?)114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob115getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb與某人相處得?好116getalongwithsb=getonwithsb與某人相處117getreadyfor=bereadyfor為什么?而準備eg:IgetreadyformathIamreadyformath118getsbintotroubl?e給某人麻119getsbtodosth120get…from…從某處得到某?物121giveatalk做報告eg:Heisgiveatall122givesthtosbgivesbsth給某人某物123gofish釣魚goswimmi?ng游泳124goontodo去做下一件事?goondoing繼續(xù)做這件事?125gooutawayfromgooutof126gotoschool?上學(xué)(用于專業(yè)的)gototheschool?去學(xué)校(不一定是上學(xué)?)127goodwayto好方法128hatetodo討厭沒做過的?事hatedoing討厭做過的事?129haveapartyforsb舉辦誰的晚會?130haveatalk聽報告談一談131havebeendoing現(xiàn)在完成進行?時eg:Youhavebeentalkin?gYouhavebeensleepi?ngsince132havebeento…(地方)……去過某過地方?havegoneto…(地方)去了某地還沒?回來133havefun+doing玩得高興134havesthtodo有什么事要做?eg:Ihavealotofhomewo?rktodo我有很多家庭?作業(yè)要做Ihavenothin?gtodo我沒什么事情?做135havetodosth必須做某事136havetroubl?e(proble?m)(in)doingsth做什么事情有?麻煩137have…time+doing138have…(時間)…off放……假eg:Ihavemonthoff我請一個月得?假139hearsb+do/doing聽見某人做某?事/正在做某事140helpalot很大用處141helpsbwithsth\one'ssth幫助某人某事?(某方面)helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某?事142hopetodosth希望做某事143Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你對什么的看?法145if:是否=wether?eg:Idon'tknowif(wether?)Ishould?gototheparty我不知道我是?否應(yīng)該去參加?晚會Hedon'tknowif(wether?)wewillarrive?ontimetomorr?owmornin?g他不知道我們?明天早上是否?能準時到達146if:如果,假如(全部接一般時?態(tài))+條件語態(tài)從句?eg:I'llgotoLuZhou?ifitdoes'train假如明天不下?雨,我就去瀘州Iftheychange?theplantheywillletmeknow假如他們要改?變計劃,他們會讓我知?道的I'llgotoEnglan?d,ifIhaveenough?moneynextyear如果我明年由?足夠的錢,我就要去英國?147inone'sopinio?n=sbthink某人認為148insomeways在某些方面149intheend=finall?y(adv)最后150inthenorthof…什么在什么的?北方(north北sowth南west西east東)151inthesun在太陽下152increa?se增加eg:They'veincrea?sedthepreceofpetrol?by3%他們把石油價?增加了3%thepopula?tionhasincrea?sedfrom12millio?ntenyearsagoto18millio?nnow153instea?dof+(名)代替eg:I'dlikeanappleinstea?dofapear我想要蘋果,而不要梨子IlikeEnglis?hinstea?dofmath我喜歡英語而?不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)154introd?ucesbtosb介紹某人給某?人introd?uceonesel?f自我介紹155invite?sbtodosth邀請某人做某?事156Ittakessbsometi?metodosth做某人花掉某?人多少時間eg:Ittookme5minute?stodomyhomewo?rkIttakesmehalfanhourtocook157It's+adj+forsbtodosth對某人來說做?某事怎么樣158It's+adj+todo做某事怎么樣?159It's+adjforsb對于某人來說?怎么樣It's+adjofsb對某人來說太?怎么樣160It's+adj(forsb)todo(對某人來說)做某事怎么樣?It's+adjofsbtodosth對某人來說做?某事太怎么樣?eg:It'sniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglis?h161It'sagoodideaforsbtodosth對……來說是個好主?意162It'simport?anttosb對某人來說很?重要eg:It'simport?anttome163It'stimetodosthIt'stimeforsth到了該去做某?事的時間eg:It'stimetohaveclassIt'stimeforclass該去上課了164join=takepartin參加165justnow剛才166keep+sb/sth+adj/介詞短語讓什么保持什?么樣?167keepout不讓……進入168keepsbadj讓……保持……eg:Iwanttokeepmymother?happykeephealth?y保持健康169keyto+名詞表示:某物的鑰匙或?某題的答案170keyto…anserto…key可以是答題或?鑰匙171laughat…取笑……eg:Don'tlanghatothers?Welanghe?datthejoke172learnbyoneslf?e自學(xué)173learnfromsb向某人學(xué)習(xí)eg:Weshould?learnfromLeiFeng174learntodosth學(xué)做某事175letsbdosth讓某人做某事?176Letsbdown讓某人失望eg:Weshould?n'tletourfarent?sdown我們不應(yīng)該讓?我們的父母失?望177livefrom:離某地遠178livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhou?ShelivesatXuanTa?n179lookafter=takecareof照顧照看180loseone'sway誰迷路eg:Loseyourway你迷路181makeadecisi?ontodosth決定做某事182makefriend?swithsb和誰成為朋友?eg:Iwanttomakefriend?swithyou183makeitearly把時間定的早?一點184makeonexhibi?tionofonesel?f讓某人出洋相?185makesb/n+n使什么成為什?么eg:Imadehermystepmoller?Imadeyoumywife186makesb/sth+adj使某人(某物)怎么樣eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean187makesb/sthadj使某人/某物怎么樣188makesbdosth讓某人做某事?eg:Imadehimwrite我以前讓他寫?189makeupbemadeupof(被動語態(tài))由……組成190make…differ?enceto…191mindsbtodomindone'sdoing介意……做什么192most+名mostof+代193muchtoo+形容詞194mustbe一定195need+名詞196needsbdosth需要某人做某?事197needtodo(實義動詞)needdo(情態(tài)動詞)198no/neithr?ofhatetodono/neithr?ofhatedoing199no+名詞200notanymor?e=nomore再也不……eg:Hedidn'tcryanymoreHecriednomore他再也不哭201not…(形、副)atalleg:He'snottallatallshedoesn'tjunpfaratall202not…atall一點都不203not…either?表否定,也不eg:Idon'tjapans?eeither?Idon'thavesister?,either?我也沒有姐姐?204not…until直到……才……eg:Ididn'tsleepuntilmymother?camebackThechilddidn'tstopcrying?untilIgivehersugar205offer/provid?esbwithsth給某人提供206offersbsth(offersthtosb提供什么東西?給某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou我給你提供水?207onone'swayto…在誰去那的路?上208ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面209onthephone=overthephone用電話交談210ontime準時intime及時211oneday=someday=someda?y一天,有一天212oneof+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)?數(shù)形式213onetoanothe?r一個到另一個?214overandoveragin一遍又一遍的?eg:Hecleane?dtheflooroverandoveragin215part-timejob兼職工作fall-timejob全職工作216payfor…付……錢paythebill開錢,付錢217please?+do218please?helpyourse?lf219please?dwithsb220poolinto=poreinto221practi?ce+doing練習(xí)做某事222prefer?sthtosth相對……更喜歡……eg:Iprefer?physic?stochemis?ty在物理和化學(xué)?中,我更喜歡物理?prefer?doingtosth更喜歡去做…不愿意去做…eg:Heprefer?sriding?abiketodiving?他更喜歡騎自?行車,不開小車prefer?todosthrather?thandosth寧愿做…也不愿eg:Myundeprefer?stobuyanowcarrather?thanrepaiv?theusedone我叔叔更喜歡?買新的車,也不去修舊車?prefer?sbnottodosth更愿意…eg:Iprefer?hernottocome我不喜歡她不?來223preten?dtodosth裝著去做什么?preten?dthat從句eg:Thetwocheats?preten?dedtobeworkin?gveryhard這兩個騙子裝?著努力工作Hepreten?dedthathedidnotknowtheanswer?他裝著不知道?答案224rather?…than寧可……也不……eg:Iwouldrather?beadoctor?thanateache?r我愿肯當醫(yī)生?,也不當老師Helikesdogsrather?thancats他喜歡狗,不喜歡貓225regard?…as把……當作……eg:Please?givemybestregard?stoyourfamily?請帶我向你的?家人我最好的?問候Iregard?youasmyfriend?我把你當作我?的朋友Heshowslittle?regard?forothers?他不愛關(guān)心別?人226remidsbaboutsth提醒某人什么?事remidsbtodosth提醒某人做某?事eg:heremids?meaboutcookin?g(heremids?metocook他提醒我做飯?227remidsbofsth使某人想起什?么eg:thepictur?esremind?meofmyschool?days這照片使我想?起了我的學(xué)校?thewordsthat(which)theteache?rtalketoremind?meofmymother?228return?sthtosb還什么東西給?某人229saytoonesel?f對自己說230saytosb對某人說231sbspendsomemo?neyonsth花了多少錢在?某事上232sbspendsometi?mewithsb花了多少時間?陪誰233sbspendsometi?me(in)doingsth花了多少時間?做某事234sbwithsb+issbandsb+are235seesbdo看見某人做過?某事seesbdoing看見某人正在?做某事236seemtodo/be+adj顯得怎么樣eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappy237send+sbsth送給某人某物?238send…to…把什么寄到哪?里去?239shock使……震驚eg:Oh,It'sonlyyou!Yougivemeashock啊,是你呀!嚇我一跳240showsbsth向某人展示某?物eg:Ishowherthebook.241showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么東西給?某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome242showsthtosb向某人展示某?物eg:Ishowthebooktoher.243some…others?…一些……另一些……244start…with…從……開始begin…with…從……開始245stayawayfrom遠離……eg:We'retoldtostayawayfromtheanimal?swhevisiti?ngthezoo當我們參觀z?oo時,我們要遠離動?物Ifyouwanttoloseweight?you'dbetter?stayauayfromthesweetfood徒工你想減肥?,你最好遠離甜?食246stopdoing停下正在做的?事247stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某?事248stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某?事249stoptodo停下正在做的?事去做下一件?事250such+名這樣,這種251suitsb適合某人252surpri?sesb使某人驚奇toone'ssurpri?se令某人驚奇253takeclasse?s上課254takesbto把某人帶去eg:Itakeyoutothehospit?al255takewalks=takeawalk=goforawalk散步256①talkto對誰說eg:Italktoyou②talkwith和誰說eg:Italkwithhim③talkof談到eg:wetalked?ofyou④talkabout談?wù)撽P(guān)于……257talkwithsb和某人說話258teachsbsth教某人做某事?259tellsbdosth告訴某人做某?事260tellsbsthtellsbthat叢句tellsbnottodosthtellastory261tellsbsth告訴某人某事?262tellsbtodosth告訴某人做什?么tellsbnottodosth告訴某人不要?做什么263tell…from…264thankyoufor+doing265thesame+名詞(doing)+as……266thesame…(名)…asas…(adjadv)…as相同267thewaytodosth=thewayofdoingst做某方面?的方法the?wayto+地方去哪的路eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglis?hDoyouknowthewayoflearni?ngEnglis?h268thewayto…(地點)到哪的269too…to…太怎樣而不能?……adj+enough?to足夠…能…so…that+叢句eg:Heistooyoungtogotoschool?=Heissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool?Heisoldenough?togotoschool?=Heissooldthathecangotoschool?270transa?lte……into……把什么翻譯成?什么eg:Trasal?teEnglis?hintochines?e271travel?withsb和某人去?旅游272tryone'sbesttodosth盡某人?最大的努力去?做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglis?hwell273trytodosth想干什么,但沒成功trydoingsth想干什么,已經(jīng)做過了eg:Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去,但沒成功Hetriedclimbi?ng他想爬上去,已經(jīng)做過了274try…試衣服haveatry試一下275turndown開小←→turnup開大276turnoff關(guān)上←→turnon打開open拆開277upside?down倒著278visitto…參觀某個地方?279waitforsb等某人【初中英語語法?總結(jié)】【1
一般現(xiàn)在時的?用法
】
1)
經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣?性的動作,常與表示頻腮?度的時間狀語?連用。時間狀語:
every…,
someti?mes,
at…,
on
Sunday?。例如:
I
leave
home
for
school?
at
7
every
mornin?g.
每天早上我七?點離開家。
2)
客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實。例如:
The
earth
moves
around?
the
sun.
地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)?動。
Shangh?ai
lies
in
the
east
of
China.
上海位于中國?東部。
3)
表示格言或警?句。例如:
Pride
goes
before?
a
fall.
驕者必敗。
注意:此用法如果出?現(xiàn)在賓語從句?中,即使主句是過?去時,從句謂語也要?用一般現(xiàn)在時?。
例:Columb?us
proved?
that
the
earth
is
round.
哥倫布證實了?地球是圓的。
4)
現(xiàn)在時刻的狀?態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。例如:
I
don't
want
so
much.
我不要那么多?。
Ann
writes?
good
Englis?h
but
does
not
speak
well.
安英語寫得不?錯,講的可不行。
比較:Now
I
put
the
sugar
in
the
cup.
把糖放入杯子?。
I
am
doing
my
homewo?rk
now.
我正在做功課?。
第一句用一般?現(xiàn)在時,用于操作演示?或指導(dǎo)說明的?示范性動作,表示言行的瞬?間動作。第二句中的n?ow是進行時?的標志,表示正在進行?的動作的客觀?狀況,所以后句用一?般現(xiàn)在時。
【2
一般過去時的?用法
】
1)在確定的過去?時間里所發(fā)生?的動作或存在?的狀態(tài)。例如:時間狀語有:yester?day,
last
week,
an
hour
ago,
the
other
day,
in
1982等。例如:
Where
did
you
go
just
now?
剛才你上哪兒?去了?
2)表示在過去一?段時間內(nèi),經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣?性的動作。例如:
When
I
was
a
child,
I
often
played?
footba?ll
in
the
street?.
我是個孩子的?時候,常在馬路上踢?足球。
Whenev?er
the
Browns?
went
during?
their
visit,
they
were
given
a
warm
welcom?e.
那時,布朗一家無論?什么時候去,都受到熱烈歡?迎。
3)句型:It
is
time
for
sb.
to
do
sth
"到……時間了"
"該……了"。例如:It
is
time
for
you
to
go
to
bed.
你該睡覺了。
It
is
time
that
sb.
did
sth.
"時間已遲了"
"早該……了"
,例如It
is
time
you
went
to
bed.
你早該睡覺了?。
would
(had)
rather?
sb.
did
sth.
表示'寧愿某人做某?事'。例如:I'd
rather?
you
came
tomorr?ow.還是明天來吧?。
4)
wish,
wonder?,
think,
hope
等用過去時,作試探性的詢?問、請求、建議等,而一般過去時?表示的動作或?狀態(tài)都已成為?過去,現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在?。例如:I
though?t
you
might
have
some.
我以為你想要?一些。
比較:Christ?ine
was
an
invali?d
all
her
life.(含義:她已不在人間?。)
Christ?ine
has
been
an
invali?d
all
her
life.(含義:她現(xiàn)在還活著?)
Mrs.
Darby
lived
in
Kentuc?ky
for
seven
years.
(含義:達比太太已不?再住在肯塔基?州。)
Mrs.
Darby
has
lived
in
Kentuc?ky
for
seven
years.
(含義:現(xiàn)在還住在肯?塔基州,有可能指剛離?去)
注意:
用過去時表示?現(xiàn)在,表示委婉語氣?。
1)動詞want?,
hope,
wonder?,
think,
intend?
等。例如:
Did
you
want
anythi?ng
else?
您還要些什么?嗎?
I
wonder?ed
if
you
could
help
me.
能不能幫我一?下。
2)情態(tài)動詞
could,
would。例如:
Could
you
lend
me
your
bike?
你的自行車,能借用一些嗎??【3
used
to
/
be
used
to
】
used
to
+
do:"過去常常"表示過去習(xí)慣?性的動作或狀?態(tài),但如今已不存?在。例如:
Mother?
used
not
to
be
so
forget?ful.
老媽過去沒那?么健忘。
Scarf
used
to
take
a
walk.
斯卡夫過去常?常散步。
be
used
to
+
doing:
對……已感到習(xí)慣,或"習(xí)慣于",to是介詞,后需加名詞或?動名詞。例如:
He
is
used
to
a
vegeta?rian
diet.
Scarf
is
used
to
taking?
a
walk.
斯卡夫現(xiàn)在已?習(xí)慣于散步了?。
典型例題
Your
phone
number?
again?
I
___
quite
catch
it.
It's
695684?42.
A.
didn't
B.
couldn?'t
C.
don't
D.
can't
答案A.
本句雖沒有明?確的時間狀語?,但從語意上看?出,在聽的時候沒?有聽懂這個動?作發(fā)生在過去?,因此應(yīng)用過去?時。【4
一般將來時】
1)
shall用?于第一人稱,常被will?
所代替。will
在陳述句中用?于各人稱,在征求意見時?常用于第二人?稱。例如:
Which
paragr?aph
shall
I
read
first?
我先讀哪一段?呢?
Will
you
be
at
home
at
seven
this
evenin?g?
今晚七點回家?好嗎?
2)
be
going
to
+不定式,表示將來。
a.
主語的意圖,即將做某事。例如:What
are
you
going
to
do
tomorr?ow?
明天打算作什?么呢?
b.
計劃,安排要發(fā)生的?事。例如:The
play
is
going
to
be
produc?ed
next
month。這出戲下月開?播。
c.
有跡象要發(fā)生?的事。例如:Look
at
the
dark
clouds?,
there
is
going
to
be
a
storm.
看那烏云,快要下雨了。
3)
be
+不定式表將來?,按計劃或正式?安排將發(fā)生的?事。例如:
We
are
to
discus?s
the
report?
next
Saturd?ay.我們下星期六?討論這份報告?。
4)
be
about
to
+不定式,意為馬上做某?事。例如:
He
is
about
to
leave
for
Beijin?g.
他馬上要去北?京。
注意:be
about
to
do
不能與tom?orrow,
next
week
等表示明確將?來時的時間狀?語連用?!?
be
going
to
/
will
用于條件句時?,be
going
to表將來,will表意?愿?!坷纾?/p>
If
you
are
going
to
make
a
journe?y,
you'd
better?
get
ready
for
it
as
soon
as
possib?le.
Now
if
you
will
take
off
your
clothe?s,
we
will
fit
the
new
clothe?s
on
you
in
front
of
the
mirror?.
【6
be
to和be
going
to】
be
to
表示客觀安排?或受人指示而?做某事,be
going
to
表示主觀的打?算或計劃。例如:
I
am
to
play
footba?ll
tomorr?ow
aftern?oon.
明天下午我去?踢球。(客觀安排)
I'm
going
to
play
footba?ll
tomorr?ow
aftern?oon.
明天下午我想?去踢球。(主觀安排)【7
一般現(xiàn)在時表?將來
】
1)下列動詞co?me,
go,
arrive?,
leave,
start,
begin,
return?的一般現(xiàn)在時?可以表示將來?,主要用來表示?在時間上已確?定或安排好的?事情。例如:
The
train
leaves?
at
six
tomorr?ow
mornin?g.
火車明天上午?六點開。
When
does
the
bus
star?
It
stars
in
ten
minute?s.
汽車什么時候?開?十分鐘后。
2)以here,
there等?開始的倒裝句?,表示動作正在?進行。例如:
Here
comes
the
bus.
=
The
bus
is
coming?.
車來了。
There
goes
the
bell.
=
The
bell
is
ringin?g.
鈴響了。
3)在時間或條件?句中。例如:
When
Bill
comes
(不是will?
come),
ask
him
to
wait
for
me.
比爾來后,讓他等我。
I'll
write
to
you
as
soon
as
I
arrive?
there.
我到了那里,就寫信給你。
4)在動詞hop?e,
take
care
that,
make
sure
that等的?賓語從句中。例如:
I
hope
they
have
a
nice
time
next
week.
我希望他們下?星期玩得開心?。
Make
sure
that
the
window?s
are
closed?
before?
you
leave
the
room.
離開房間前,務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)?了?!?
用現(xiàn)在進行時?表示將來
】
下列動詞co?me,
go,
arrive?,
leave,
start,
begin,
return?等現(xiàn)在進行時?可以表示將來?。例如:
I'm
leavin?g
tomorr?ow.
明天我要走了?。
Are
you
stayin?g
here
till
next
week?
你會在這兒呆?到下周嗎?【9
現(xiàn)在完成時
】
現(xiàn)在完成時用?來表示之前已?發(fā)生或完成的?動作或狀態(tài),其結(jié)果的影響?現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)?到現(xiàn)在的動作?或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成:have
(has)
+過去分詞。【10
比較一般過去?時與現(xiàn)在完成?時】
1)一般過去時表?示過去某時發(fā)?生的動作或單?純敘述過去的?事情,強調(diào)動作;現(xiàn)在完成時為?過去發(fā)生的,強調(diào)過去的事?情對現(xiàn)在的影?響,強調(diào)的是影響?。
2)一般過去時常?與具體的時間?狀語連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時?通常與模糊的?時間狀語連用?,或無時間狀語?。
一般過去時的?時間狀語:yester?day,
last
week,…ago,
in1980?,
in
Octobe?r,
just
now等,皆為具體的時?間狀語。
現(xiàn)在完成時的?時間狀語:for,
since,
so
far,
ever,
never,
just,
yet,
till/until,
up
to
now,
in
past
years,
always?等,皆不確定的時?間狀語。
共同的時間狀?語:this
mornin?g,
tonigh?t,
this
April,
now,
alread?y,
recent?ly,
lately?
等。
3)現(xiàn)在完成時可?表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)?在的動作或狀?態(tài),動詞一般是延?續(xù)性的,如live,
teach,
learn,
work,
study,
know.。
4)一般過去時常?用的非持續(xù)性?動詞有com?e,
go,
leave,
start,
die,
finish?,
become?,
get
marrie?d等例如:
I
saw
this
film
yester?day.
(強調(diào)看的動作?發(fā)生過了)
I
have
seen
this
film.
(強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的?影響,電影的內(nèi)容已?經(jīng)知道了)
Why
did
you
get
up
so
early?
(強調(diào)起床的動?作已發(fā)生過了?)
Who
hasn't
handed?
in
his
paper?
(強調(diào)有卷子未?交,疑為不公平競?爭)
He
has
been
in
the
League?
for
three
years.
(在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)?可延續(xù))
He
has
been
a
League?
member?
for
three
years.
(是團員的狀態(tài)?可持續(xù))
5)句子中如有過?去時的時間副?詞(如yeste?rday,
last,
week,
in
1960)時,不能使用現(xiàn)在?完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom
has
writte?n
a
letter?
to
his
parent?s
last
night.
(對)Tom
wrote
a
letter?
to
his
parent?s
last
night.【11.
比較sinc?e和for
】
Since
用來說明動作?起始時間,for用來說?明動作延續(xù)時?間長度。例如:
I
have
lived
here
for
more
than
twenty?
years.我住在這兒二?十多年了。
I
have
lived
here
since
I
was
born.
我從出生起就?住在這兒了。
注意:并非有for?
作為時間狀語?的句子都用現(xiàn)?在完成時。
I
worked?
here
for
more
than
twenty?
years.
(我現(xiàn)在已不在?這里工作。)
I
have
worked?
here
for
many
years.(現(xiàn)在我仍在這?里工作。)
注意:用句型轉(zhuǎn)換的?方法,很容易排除非?延續(xù)動詞在有?for/since結(jié)?構(gòu)的完成時中?的誤用。
1)(對)
Tom
has
studie?d
Russia?n
for
three
years.
=
Tom
began
to
study
Russia?n
three
years
ago,
and
is
still
studyi?ng
it
now.
2)(錯)
Harry
has
got
marrie?d
for
six
years.
=
Harry
began
to
get
marrie?d
six
years
ago,
and
is
still
gettin?g
marrie?d
now.
顯然,第二句不對,它應(yīng)改為
Harry
got
marrie?d
six
years
ago.
或
Harry
has
been
marrie?d
for
six
years.
【12.
since的?四種用法】
1)
since
+過去一個時間?點(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980,
last
month,
half
past
six)。例如:
I
have
been
here
since
1989.
1989起,我一直在這兒?。
2)
since
+一段時間+
ago。例如:
I
have
been
here
since
five
months?
ago.
我在這兒,已經(jīng)有五個月?了。
3)
since
+從句。例如:
Great
change?s
have
taken
place
since
you
left.
你走后,變化可大了。
Great
change?s
have
taken
place
since
we
were
here.
我們走后,變化可大了。
4)
It
is
+一段時間+
since從?句。例如:
It
is
two
years
since
I
became?
a
postgr?aduate?
studen?t.
我考上研究生?有兩年了?!?3.
延續(xù)動詞與瞬?間動詞】
1)
用于完成時的?區(qū)別
延續(xù)動詞表示?經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷;
瞬間動詞表示?行為的結(jié)果,不能與表示段?的時間狀語連?用。例如:
He
has
comple?ted
the
work.
他已完成了那?項工作。
(表結(jié)果)
I've
known
him
since
then.
我從那時起就?認識他了。(表經(jīng)歷)
2)
用于till?
/
until從?句的差異
延續(xù)動詞用于?肯定句,表示"做……直到……"
瞬間動詞用于?否定句,表示"到……,才……"。例如:
He
didn't
come
back
until
ten
o'clock.
他到10
點才回來。
He
slept
until
ten
o'clock.
他一直睡到1?0點。
典型例題
1.
You
don't
need
to
descri?be
her.
I
___
her
severa?l
times.
A.
had
met
B.
have
met
C.
met
D.
meet
答案B.
首先本題后句?強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的?影響,我知道她的模?樣,你不用描述。再次,severa?l
times告?知為反復(fù)發(fā)生?的動作,因此用現(xiàn)在完?成時。
2.
I'm
sorry
to
keep
you
waitin?g.
Oh,
not
at
all.
I
___
here
only
a
few
minute?s.
A.
have
been
B.
had
been
C.
was
D.
will
be
答案A.
等待的動作由?過去開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成?時?!?4.
用一般過去時?代替過去完成?時】
1)
兩個動作如按?順序發(fā)生,又不強調(diào)先后?,或用then?,and,but
等連詞時,多用一般過去?時。例如:
When
she
saw
the
mouse,she
scream?ed.
她看到老鼠,就叫了起來。
My
aunt
gave
me
a
hat
and
I
lost
it.
姑媽給了我一?頂帽子,我把它丟了。
2
)
兩個動作相繼?發(fā)生,可用一般過去?時;如第一個動作?需要若干時間?完成,用過去完成時?。例如:
When
I
heard
the
news,
I
was
very
excite?d.
3)
敘述歷史事實?,可不用過去完?成時,而只用一般過?去時。例如:
Our
teache?r
told
us
that
Columb?us
discov?ered
Americ?a
in
1492.【15.
不用進行時的?動詞】
1)表示事實狀態(tài)?的動詞,如have,
belong?,
posses?s,
cost,
owe,
exist,
includ?e,
contai?n,
matter?,
weigh,
measur?e,
contin?ue等。例如:I
have
two
brothe?rs.
我有兩兄弟。
This
house
belong?s
to
my
sister?.
這房子是我姐?的。
2)表示心理狀態(tài)?的動詞,如know,
realiz?e,
think
see,
believ?e,
suppos?e,
imagin?e,
agree,
recogn?ize,
rememb?er,
want,
need,
forget?,
prefer?,
mean,
unders?tand,
love,
hate等。例如:I
need
your
help.
我需要你的幫?助。
He
loves
her
very
much.
他愛她很深。
3)瞬間動詞,如accep?t,
receiv?e,
comple?te,
finish?,
give,
allow,
decide?,
refuse?等。例如:
I
accept?
your
advice?.
我接受你的勸?告。
4)系動詞,如seem,
remain?,
lie,
see,
hear,
smell,
feel,
taste,
get,
become?,
turn等。例如:
You
seem
a
little?
tired.
你看上去有點?累。【16.
過去進行時】
1)概念:表示過去某時?正在進行的狀?態(tài)或動作。
2)過去進行時的?主要用法是描?述一件事發(fā)生?的背景;一個長動作延?續(xù)的時候,另一個短動作?發(fā)生。
3)
常用的時間狀?語有this?
mornin?g,
the
whole
mornin?g,
all
day
yester?day,
from
nine
to
ten
last
evenin?g,
when,
while等?。例如:
My
brothe?r
fell
while
he
was
riding?
his
bicycl?e
and
hurt
himsel?f.
我兄弟騎車時?摔了下來,受了傷。
It
was
rainin?g
when
they
left
the
statio?n.
他們離開車站?時,正下著雨。
When
I
got
to
the
top
of
the
mounta?in,
the
sun
was
shinin?g.
我到達山頂時?,陽光燦爛。
典型例題
1)
Mary
___
a
dress
when
she
cut
her
finger?.
A.
made
B.
is
making?
C.
was
making?
D.
makes
答案C.
割傷手指是已?發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用過去時。同時,when表時?間的同時性,"瑪麗在做衣服?時"提供事情發(fā)生?的背景,因此用過去進?行時。
2)
As
she
___
the
newspa?per,
Granny?
___
asleep?.
A.
read;was
fallin?g
B.
was
readin?g;
fell
C.
was
readin?g;
was
fallin?g
D.
read;fe
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