市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷專業(yè)詞匯中英文對(duì)照表

MarketingManagement營(yíng)銷管理 NewProductsDevelopment新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)ServiceIndustryMarketing服務(wù)業(yè)營(yíng)銷 BusinessNegotiation商業(yè)談判InternationalMarketing國(guó)際市場(chǎng)營(yíng) SalesChannels銷售渠PublicRelationship公共關(guān)系 ConsumerBehavior消費(fèi)者行為SystemsofManagementInformation管理信息系統(tǒng)MarketingResearch營(yíng)銷調(diào) accesibility可進(jìn)入accessoryequipmentmarkets附屬設(shè)備市場(chǎng)accountmanagementpolicies客戶管理策略positioning定位additionstoexistingproductlines現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品線的增加administeredverticalmarketingsystems管理式垂直營(yíng)銷系統(tǒng)marketsegmentation市場(chǎng)細(xì)分salespromotion銷售促進(jìn)advertisingfeedback廣告反饋advertisingfrequency廣告頻率advertisingmedia廣告媒體advertisingreach廣告接受人數(shù)advertisingmessage廣告信息advertisingsource廣告信息來(lái)源agentmiddleman代理商allowance折讓alterationAmericanMarketingAssociationannualmarketingplanassuranceattitudesofconsumers消費(fèi)者態(tài)度availability可獲得性/供貨能力awareness（產(chǎn)品）知曉度/知名度babyboomersbackwardchannelsforrecyclingbackwardintegration后向垂直一體化banneradvertisements橫幅標(biāo)語(yǔ)廣告barcodes條形碼barterbasicphysicalneedsBCGGrow-ShareMatrix波士頓增長(zhǎng)-beforetestsBehaviorScanInformationResourcesInc.behaviouralanalysis行為分析behaviouralhierarchies行為層級(jí)benchmarking基準(zhǔn)benefitclustersbenefitsBenz奔馳billing帳單birthrate出生率blanketpurchaseorderblind-pairedcomparisontestingbluecollarsbottomline底線/盈虧一覽結(jié)算線brandawareness品牌意識(shí)/認(rèn)知brandextensions品牌擴(kuò)展brandloyalty品牌忠誠(chéng)度brandmark品牌標(biāo)志brandname品牌名稱brandpositioning品牌定位brandrecognition品牌識(shí)別brandstrategies品牌戰(zhàn)略brand品牌brandingstrategybrandingbrand'sequitybreak-evenanalysisbreak-evenvolumebreathofproductassortmentbreathordiversityofproductlinesbriberyBritishAirwaysbrokers經(jīng)紀(jì)人budgeting預(yù)算bundle捆綁BureauofCensus人口統(tǒng)計(jì)局businesstrengthrating商業(yè)能力評(píng)分businessplan商業(yè)計(jì)劃businesspositionbusinesssectorbusinessservicesmarketsbusinessstrategies經(jīng)營(yíng)戰(zhàn)略businessunitstrategy經(jīng)營(yíng)單位戰(zhàn)略buybackallowances回購(gòu)折讓buybackarrangements產(chǎn)品返銷buyers'bargainingpowerbuyersbuyingbehavior購(gòu)買(mǎi)行為buyingcenter采購(gòu)中心buyinginertia購(gòu)買(mǎi)慣性buyingintention購(gòu)買(mǎi)意圖buyingoffices連鎖商店的進(jìn)貨中心buyingpowerindes(BPI)購(gòu)買(mǎi)力指數(shù)buyingsituation采購(gòu)情況/類型buyingtask采購(gòu)任務(wù)capitalgainscapitalinvestedinproductCarnivalcashcows現(xiàn)金牛類cashdiscounts現(xiàn)金折扣cataloguesalescategorizationofperception感知分類categorization分門(mén)別類centralization集中化chameleons/followers變色龍/跟隨者channelalternativeschannelconflicts渠道沖突channeldecisions渠道決策channelfunctions渠道功能channelinstitutions渠道組織結(jié)構(gòu)channelmanagement渠道管理channelobjectives渠道目標(biāo)channelofdistribution分銷渠道channelpowerchannel-controlstrategies渠道控制戰(zhàn)略channel-designdecisions渠道設(shè)計(jì)決策channel-managementdecisions渠道管理決策channelsofcommunication傳播渠道choicecriteria選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)closingasale結(jié)束銷售clothingretailers服裝零售商co-branding聯(lián)合品牌codeofethics（職業(yè)）coercivepowercognitivedissonance認(rèn)識(shí)的不協(xié)調(diào)collectionofdata數(shù)據(jù)收集collection收款co-marketingalliances聯(lián)合營(yíng)銷聯(lián)盟combinationcompensationplan結(jié)合式薪酬方案commitment承諾communicationchannels傳播渠道communicationprocess傳播過(guò)程communication信息交流/溝通communicationsmedia傳播媒體companypersonnel公司員工comparativeadvertisements比較廣告comparisonofbrands品牌比較compensationdeals補(bǔ)償處理compensationplan酬金方案compensation/rewards酬金/獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)compensatory補(bǔ)償性的competitionandindustryevolution競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和行業(yè)演變competition-orientatedpricing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)向定價(jià)法 advantage競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)competitive(supply-side)evolution競(jìng)爭(zhēng)（供方）competitivefactorscompetitiveintelligence競(jìng)爭(zhēng)情報(bào)/competitiveparitypromotionbudgetingcompetitivestrategy競(jìng)爭(zhēng)戰(zhàn)略competitivestrength競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)/能力competitoranalysis競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者分析complainthandling投訴處理componentmaterialsandpartsmarketscomputerizedordering計(jì)算機(jī)化的訂購(gòu)conclusiveresearch確定性研究conditionsofdemand需求情況conflictandresolutionstrategiesconformancetospecificationsconformance一致性confrontationstrategy對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)略conjointmeasurement聯(lián)合測(cè)度法conjunctivemodel聯(lián)合模型consumerdecision-making消費(fèi)者（購(gòu)買(mǎi)）consumergoodschannelsConsumerGoodsPricingAct,USAconsumergoods消費(fèi)品consumermarkets消費(fèi)品市場(chǎng)consumerneeds消費(fèi)者需求consumerpackaged-goodsfirmsconsumerpromotionconsumertests消費(fèi)者測(cè)試consumer/householdmarket消費(fèi)者/家庭市場(chǎng)consumers'perceptions消費(fèi)者感知consumption消費(fèi)contestscontingencyplanning權(quán)變計(jì)劃contractconstruction契約建筑業(yè)contractmanufacturing契約制造業(yè)contraction/strategicwithdrawalstrategy收縮/contractualentrymodescontractualverticalmarketingsystems合約式垂直營(yíng)銷系統(tǒng)contributionmarginanalysis邊際貢獻(xiàn)（貢獻(xiàn)毛利）分析contributrionmargin邊際貢獻(xiàn)controlstrategies控制戰(zhàn)略conveniencefoodstores便利食品商店conveniencegoods便利品convenience服務(wù)的便利性CoolWhipco-operativeadvertisingco-ordinationandconflictresolutionco-productioncorebenefitproposition(CBP)核心利益方案/corollary-datamethodcorporateHQcorporatescope公司（經(jīng)營(yíng)）corporatestrategycorporateverticalmarketingsystems公司式垂直營(yíng)銷系統(tǒng)corporate/institutionaladvertising團(tuán)體/社會(huì)公共機(jī)構(gòu)廣告correctiveaction矯正行動(dòng)costanalysiscosteffectivenesscostleadershipstrategycostofcapitalcostofgoodssold(COGS)costreductionscost-and-volumerelationship成本-cost-orientedpricingcost-plus/mark-uppricing成本加成/costsandbenefitsofmarketingfunctionscostsofcompetitors競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者成本costsofdistribution分銷成本countertrade對(duì)等貿(mào)易couponscourtesycoverageofgeographicmarket地域性市場(chǎng)的范圍coverageofrelevantretailers相關(guān)零售商的銷售范圍credibility信譽(yù)credittermscriticalassumptions關(guān)鍵假設(shè)cross-elasticity交叉彈性customarypricing習(xí)慣性定價(jià)法customeranalysis顧客分析customercontact顧客接觸customerdemand顧客需求customerintimacy顧客親密度customerloyalty顧客忠誠(chéng)度customerneed顧客需要customerorganizationofsalesforcecustomerretention顧客維系/customersatisfactioncustomersegmentpricingcustomerservicecustomer-orientedpricingcustomers'perceptioncustomers'preferencescustomers'pricesensitivitycustomizingdatacollection數(shù)據(jù)收集dataconfidentiality數(shù)據(jù)保密dataresearch數(shù)據(jù)研究datasourcesdealersdeceptiveadvertisementsdecidersdecliningmarketsdecodingdefectratedefenderstrategydefensivenew-productdevelopmentstrategydefensivepositioningdeliverytimedeliverydemandcharacteristicsdemandcurvedemand-orientedpricing需求導(dǎo)向定價(jià)法demographicenvironment人口統(tǒng)計(jì)環(huán)境departmentstores百貨商店dependability可靠性deregulation放松管制deriveddemand衍生需求descriptiveresearchdesigndecisionsdesiredpercentagemark-uponretaildesiredpercentagereturndeterminantattributesdeterminantsdifferentresponsesdifferentiateddefenderstrategy差異化防御戰(zhàn)略differentiatedmarketing差異化營(yíng)銷differentiationovertime不同時(shí)間的差異differentiationstrategy差異化戰(zhàn)略differentiation差異化diffusionofinnovationtheorydimensiondimensionsofqualitydirectcostingprofitabilityanalysisdirectmaildirectmarketingviaadvertisingmediadirectmarketingdirectproductprofitability(DPP)直接產(chǎn)品盈利性/directselling直銷discountrate貼現(xiàn)率discountstores折扣商店discount折扣discount/premiumpricepolicies折扣/discriminantanalysisdiscriminatoryadjustments歧視價(jià)格調(diào)整discriminatorypricingadjustments歧視定價(jià)調(diào)整disjunctivemodel分離模型displayspacedisposableincomedissonance-attributionhierarchy不和諧-distributionchanneldesigns分銷渠道設(shè)計(jì)distributionchannelobjectives分銷渠道的目標(biāo)distributionchannel分銷渠道distributiondecisions分銷決策distributionpolicies分銷策略distribution分銷distributor/store(privatelables)brands分銷商/distributors分銷商diversification多元化divest撤退divestdivestmentorliquidationdividenddogsdomestictargetmarketingstrategiesdroppingproductsdrycleaningdual/twochanneldistributionsystemsduplication（媒體）重復(fù)DuPont杜邦公司durability耐用性earlyvslateadoptionearningspershareeconomicandtechnologicalfactorseconomicpower經(jīng)濟(jì)權(quán)economiesofscale規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)educationservices教育服務(wù)effectiveness有效性efficiency效率emergencygoods急需品emotionalappeals情感訴求empathy移情作用empiricalevidenceempowermentencodingenduseendorsementengineering（產(chǎn)品）工程設(shè)計(jì)entrepreneurialstrategy企業(yè)家戰(zhàn)略entrystrategies進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)略environmentandpackagingdisposalenvironmentfactors環(huán)境因素environmentalscanning環(huán)境掃描/分析environmentalstrategy環(huán)境戰(zhàn)略establishment機(jī)構(gòu)ethicalaudit（公司）倫理審計(jì)ethicsofmarketing營(yíng)銷倫理道德ethniccomposition種族構(gòu)成EuropeanCommunity歐共體evaluationandrewardsystems評(píng)估與獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)體系evaluationandselectionofsupplier評(píng)估和選擇供應(yīng)商evaluationofalternatives評(píng)估替代品/各種選擇evaluationofbrands品牌評(píng)估eventsponsorshipeventeverydaylow-price(EDLP)evokedsetevolutionofmarketexchangeexclusivedealing獨(dú)家銷售exclusivedistribution獨(dú)家分銷executivesummary執(zhí)行摘要exhibitionmedia展示廣告媒體existingmarket現(xiàn)有市場(chǎng)exitbarriersexpansionpathexpectationmeasures（顧客）預(yù)期測(cè)度expectationsofcustomers顧客期望expectedunitsales預(yù)計(jì)產(chǎn)量expectedvalue期望價(jià)值experiencecurve經(jīng)驗(yàn)曲線experimentalresearch實(shí)驗(yàn)性研究expertpower專長(zhǎng)權(quán)exploratoryresearch探索性研究exportagents出口代理（商）exportjobbers出口批發(fā)商exportmanagementcompanyexportmerchantsexportexportingextendedusestrategy擴(kuò)大使用戰(zhàn)略extendingvolumegrowth擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng)份額externaldatasources外部數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源externalenvironment外部環(huán)境extrapolationofpastsalestrendsfacilitatingagencies輔助/factoranalysisfadsfamilybranding家族品牌familylifecycle家庭生命周期familystructure家庭結(jié)構(gòu)farmproductsfast-movingconsumergoods(FMCG)fearappeals恐懼/featuresFederalDepartmentStores聯(lián)邦百貨商店FederalTradeCode（FTC)聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易法案FedEx(FederalExpress)聯(lián)邦快遞feedbackdata反饋數(shù)據(jù)fieldtestmarketingfinancingfisheriesfitandfinishfixedcostsfixedsalaryflankerstrategyflanker/fightingbrandflankingandencirclementstrategiesflatorganizationalstructureFOBoriginpricingFOB產(chǎn)地定價(jià)法focusstrategy集中戰(zhàn)略followersFordforeignmiddlemenforestry林業(yè)formalization形式/規(guī)范化formulate制定fortress/position-defencestrategyFortuneforwardintegrationfranchisesystemsfranchisingfreecallnumbersfreegoodsfreight-absorptionpricingfringebenefitsfrontalattackstrategyfullcostingprofitabilityanalysisfull-servicewholesalersfunctionalcompetenciesandresourceallocationfunctionalefficiencyfunctionalorganizationofsalesforcefunctionalorganizationalstructurefunctionalperformance功能性能functionalstrategy職能戰(zhàn)略games比賽gapgatekeepersgeneralbehavioraldescriptorsGeneralElectric(GE)GeneralFoodsCorporationgeneralmerchandisediscountchainsGeneralMotors通用汽車(chē)geodemographics區(qū)域人口統(tǒng)計(jì)特征geographicadjustments地理調(diào)整geographicdistribution地理分布geographicalorganizationofsalesforceGilletteglobaladjustmentsglobaleliteconsumersegmentglobalexpansionglobalmarketingcontrolglobalmarketsglobalnichestrategyglobalstandardizationstrategy全球標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化戰(zhàn)略globalteenagesegment全球青少年市場(chǎng)globalization全球化global-marketexpansiongoalsgoing-rate/competitiveparitypricinggoodsproducersGoodyeargovernmentagencies政府機(jī)構(gòu)governmentbuyers政府采購(gòu)者governmentmarket政府市場(chǎng)governmentregulation政府管制greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)greymarket灰色市場(chǎng)grossdomesticproduct(GDP)grossmargingrossnationalproduct(GNP)grossprofitgrossratingpoints(GRPs)總級(jí)別指數(shù)group/categoryproductmanager類別產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理growingmarkets成長(zhǎng)市場(chǎng)growthrateofmarketgrowthstageofproductlifecyclegrowth-extensionstrategiesgrowth-marketstrategiesformarketleadersgrowth-marketstrategygrowth-markettargetingstrategyguarantee/warranty保證/guaranteesGucci古琦（世界著名時(shí)裝品牌Haagen-DazshardtechnologyHarvardBusinessReviewharvestharvestingpricing收獲定價(jià)法harvestingstrategy收獲戰(zhàn)略healthcare醫(yī)療保健healthmaintenanceorganizations(HMOs)（美國(guó)）heavybuyer大客戶HeilemanBrewingCompanyHeinz亨氏食品helpfulnessHenkelHertz赫茲（美國(guó)汽車(chē)租賃巨頭）Hewlett-Packard惠普公司hierarchyofstrategy戰(zhàn)略的層次highmargin/low-turnoverretailers高利潤(rùn)/highmarketshareglobalstrategyhigh-contactservicesystemhigh-involvementproducthigh-involvementpurchase高參與購(gòu)買(mǎi)hightmarketshare高市場(chǎng)份額戰(zhàn)略Hilton希爾頓HolidayInns假日旅館homogeneousmarket同質(zhì)市場(chǎng)Honda本田household/familylifecyclehouseholdhybridtechnologyideageneration創(chuàng)意的產(chǎn)生/ideasfornewproducts新產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)意/構(gòu)想idea-screeningprocess創(chuàng)意篩選過(guò)程identificationofsegments識(shí)別細(xì)分市場(chǎng)IllinoisToolWorks伊利諾斯工具廠imagepricing形象定價(jià)imitativepositioning模仿定位imitativestrategy模仿戰(zhàn)略impactevaluation影響評(píng)估impersonalsourcesimplementationandcontrolofmarketingprogramsimplementationimprovementsinorrevisionsofexistingproductsimpulsebuying沖動(dòng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)impulsegoods沖動(dòng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)品incentives激勵(lì)incomeincreasedpenetrationstrategyindirectcostingprofitabilityanalysisindividualbrandindividualvalueindustrialgoods&services工業(yè)產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)industrialgoodschannels工業(yè)品分銷渠道industryattractiveness行業(yè)吸引力industryattractiveness-businesspositionmatrix行業(yè)吸引力-industrydynamics產(chǎn)業(yè)動(dòng)態(tài)industryevaluation產(chǎn)業(yè)評(píng)估industryevolution產(chǎn)業(yè)演變inelastic缺乏價(jià)格彈性influencers影響者infocommunicationsindustryinfomercialsinformationageinformationsearch信息搜集informationtechnology信息技術(shù)information信息informativeingredientin-homepersonalinterview個(gè)人家庭訪談in-houseusetests內(nèi)部使用測(cè)試innovation創(chuàng)新innovativenessinstallationin-storedisplayin-storepositioning店內(nèi)布局in-storepromotion店內(nèi)促銷intangibles無(wú)形integratedmarketingcommunicationplan(IMC)integrationofperceptionintegrationIntelintensityofmarketpositionintensityintensivedistributioninteractionsacrossmultipletargetmarketsinteractivemediainterestratesinternaldatasourcesinternalmarketinginternalorganizationalstructure內(nèi)部組織結(jié)構(gòu)internationaladvertising國(guó)際廣告internationalchannels國(guó)際分銷渠道internationaldivision國(guó)際分部internationalmarketinginternationalorganizationaldesigninternationalizationofservicesintroductorystageofproductlifecycleinventorylevelinvestorrelationsadvertisingissueadvertisingjobbersJohnson&Johnsonjointventuresjuryofexecutiveopinionjustnoticeabledifference(JND)just-in-time(JIT)managementsystemjust-in-timepurchasingarrangements及keyaccountmanagement主要客戶管理keyaccounts關(guān)鍵客戶keybenefitskeyenvironmentalissueidentificationkeyvariableskey/houseaccounts關(guān)鍵/機(jī)構(gòu)客戶laboratorytests實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試leapfrogstrategy蛙跳戰(zhàn)略learninghierarchy學(xué)習(xí)層級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)legalservices法律服務(wù)legislationlegitimatepowerlevelofcompensationleveloftechnicalsophisticationLeviStrauss李維·Levi's列維斯（全球最大的牛仔服制造商lexicographicmodellifestylelimited-servicewholesalerslineextension產(chǎn)品線擴(kuò)展linefilling產(chǎn)品線填充linestretching產(chǎn)品線延伸listprice訂價(jià)Lloyd'sofLondon倫敦勞埃德保險(xiǎn)公司localizaitonstrategy本地化戰(zhàn)略locationpricing場(chǎng)所定價(jià)locationlodginglogisticalalliances后勤聯(lián)盟long-termmemory長(zhǎng)期記憶lostcustomer失去的顧客LouisVuitton路易·威登（法國(guó)著名時(shí)尚品牌low-contactservicesystemlow-costdefenderlow-costpositionlow-involvementhierarchymacrorisks宏觀風(fēng)險(xiǎn)macroenvironment宏觀環(huán)境macrosegmentation宏觀細(xì)分mail-orderretailers郵購(gòu)零售商maintainingmarketshare保持市場(chǎng)份額maintenancestrategy保持戰(zhàn)略managementoverhead管理費(fèi)mandatoryadaptation強(qiáng)制性適應(yīng)manufacturerbrand制造商/全國(guó)性品牌manufacturers'agents/representatives生產(chǎn)商的代理商/manufacturers'exportagents(MEA)manufacturers'salesoffices/branches生產(chǎn)商的銷售辦事處/manufacturingprocessmanufacturingmarketaggregationstrategy整體市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略marketattractivenessfactors市場(chǎng)吸引力因素marketattractiveness市場(chǎng)吸引力marketattractiveness/businesspositionmatrix市場(chǎng)吸引力/marketcircumstancesmarketdemorgraphics市場(chǎng)人口分布/marketdimensionmarketentrystrategiesmarketexclusionmarketexpansionstrategymarketfactorsmarketfollowers市場(chǎng)跟隨者marketgrowthrate市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)率markethirarchy市場(chǎng)等級(jí)marketinclusion市場(chǎng)納入marketleaders市場(chǎng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者marketmeasurement市場(chǎng)測(cè)量marketopportunityanalysismarketorientedmarketpositionfactorsmarketpositioninganalysis市場(chǎng)定位分析marketpotentialmeasurements市場(chǎng)潛力測(cè)度marketresearch市場(chǎng)研究marketsegment細(xì)分市場(chǎng)marketsegmentation市場(chǎng)細(xì)分marketshare市場(chǎng)份額markettargetingmarketmarketabilitymarket-entrystrategies市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)略marketingactionplan營(yíng)銷行動(dòng)計(jì)劃marketingaudit營(yíng)銷審計(jì)marketingchannelmarketingcodesofconduct營(yíng)銷行為規(guī)范marketingcommunication營(yíng)銷溝通/傳播marketingconcept營(yíng)銷觀念marketingcontrolmarketingdecisionsupportsystems(MDSS)marketingenvironmentaudit營(yíng)銷環(huán)境審計(jì)marketingflowsandfunctions營(yíng)銷過(guò)程和職能marketingfunctionareaauditmarketingimplicationsof對(duì)營(yíng)銷的影響marketinginformationsystemmarketinginstitutions營(yíng)銷機(jī)構(gòu)marketingmanagement營(yíng)銷管理marketingmessage營(yíng)銷信息marketingmix營(yíng)銷組合marketingpolicy營(yíng)銷策略marketingproductivityareaauditmarketingprogramcomponentsmarketingprogram營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃/方案marketingrelationship營(yíng)銷關(guān)系marketingresearch營(yíng)銷研究marketingstrategymarket-managementorganizationalstructuremark-upprice產(chǎn)品/MarlboroMarriottHotelmass-marketpenetrationstrategymass-marketstrategymatrixorganizationalstructureMatsushitamatureconformistsmaturemarketsmaturestageofproductlifecycleMcDonald'sMcDonnellDouglasMCI電訊公司（前世界通信公司MDSS(Marketing-DecisionSupportSystem)measurability可測(cè)度性measureor index測(cè)量指標(biāo)measurementcriteria計(jì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)mediaaudiences媒體受眾medicalandhealthservicesMedicoContainmentServicesmemoryofconsumers消費(fèi)者記憶Mercedes-Benz梅賽德斯-奔馳MercerManagementConsultingmerchandisingmerchantmiddlemen國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易中間商merchantwholesalers商業(yè)批發(fā)商messagestructure信息結(jié)構(gòu)MichaelPorter邁克爾-波特microrisks微觀風(fēng)險(xiǎn)microsegmentatioin微觀細(xì)分MillerTydingACT,USA米勒·mingingMinnesotaMiningandManufacturingCompany(3M)Minoltamiscellaneoussourcesmissionmissionaryselling推銷式銷售MitsubishiHeavyIndustries三菱重工modifiedrebuy調(diào)整再購(gòu)monosegmentpositioningMonsantomoralappeals倫理/moralsMotorolamultichanneldistribution多渠道分銷multidimensionalscaling多維等級(jí)法multilevelselling多級(jí)銷售multinationalcoporations(MNCs)multipletestmarkets多測(cè)試市場(chǎng)multiple-brandstrategy多品牌戰(zhàn)略multiple-factorindexmultisegmentpositioningmutualtrustnationalaccountmanagementnationalmarketNationalSemiconductornaturalproductsNEC日本電子Nescafé雀巢咖啡Nestlé雀巢netsalesnetworkcomputer(NC)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)算機(jī)newbusinessselling新業(yè)務(wù)銷售newbuy購(gòu)入新產(chǎn)品newentrants新進(jìn)入者newmarkets新市場(chǎng)newmaterials新材料NewProdscreeningmodelnewproductlinesnewproductsnew-productdevelopment新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)new-productideas新產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)意Newsweek《新聞周刊》new-taskbuyingnew-to-the-worldproductsnichepenetrationstrategy壁龕/niche-marketstrategyNikeNissanno-brandbrandnameno-frillsproductnoiseincommunicationsystemnon-financialrewards非物質(zhì)性獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)措施non-probabilitysampling非概率抽樣non-profitorganization非盈利組織non-storeretailingnumberofstockoutsobject-and-taskmethodofpromotionbudgeting目標(biāo)-objectivesandstrategyareaauditobjectivesobservationoccupancycosts房屋占用成本occupation/position職業(yè)/職位oddpricing奇/余數(shù)定價(jià)法OEM(originalequipmentmanufacturer)oeverallqualityoff-invoicediscountsoffsetsOmegaon-airtestingOPEC(OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries)歐佩克（石油輸出國(guó)組織openingrelationshipsoperatingsuppliesoperationalexcellence運(yùn)作管理水平opinionleaders意見(jiàn)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者opportunitycost機(jī)會(huì)成本opportunityidentification機(jī)會(huì)識(shí)別opportunity/threatmatrix機(jī)會(huì)/ordercycletime訂貨周期orderprocessing訂單處理organisationallevel組織層次organizaitonalrequirementplanning組織需求計(jì)劃organizationareaaudit組織領(lǐng)域的審計(jì)organizationbuyingcenter組織采購(gòu)中心organizationalcustomer組織顧客organizationaldirectselling組織直銷organizationalmarkets組織市場(chǎng)organizationalpurchasing組織采購(gòu)organzationalstructure組織結(jié)構(gòu)outdoorenthusiasts戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)愛(ài)好者out-of-homemedia戶外廣告媒體overallcostleadership全面成本領(lǐng)先overheads日常開(kāi)支overseasdirectinvestmentownershipofnewproductpackagingpanelofexpertsparentagepartiesinvolvedpaymentterms支付條款pay-offcontrol支出控制penetrationpricing滲透定價(jià)Pepsi-Cola百事可樂(lè)perceivedcustomervalue顧客感知價(jià)值perceivedquality感知到的質(zhì)量perceivedvalue感知到的價(jià)值percentageofsalespromotionbudgetingmethodperceptionsofconsumers消費(fèi)者感知/理解perceptual(product)pisitioning感知（產(chǎn)品）定位perceptualmap感知圖perceptualorganization感知組織perceptualvigilance感性的警惕performancedimension業(yè)績(jī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)performanceevaluation業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)估performancemeasures表現(xiàn)/業(yè)績(jī)測(cè)度performanceobjective績(jī)效目標(biāo)performancestandards績(jī)效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)performance功能perishabilitypersonalsellingpersonalsources個(gè)人的信息來(lái)源personneldevelopment人力資源開(kāi)發(fā)persuasive說(shuō)服性的pharmaceuticalsindustryphysical(product)positioning物理（產(chǎn)品）physicaldescriptors物理變量physicaldistribution實(shí)物分銷Pillsbury皮爾斯博瑞pioneers先入者PizzaHutplaceutilityplanningandcontrolsystemareaauditpointofsaleinformationpoint-of-purhcase(POP)promotion采購(gòu)點(diǎn)促銷point-of-sales(POS)data銷售點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)pontificator保守派popularitypopulationtrendsportfoliomodelsforresourceallocationpositionintensitypositioningpossessionutilitypost-purchasedissonancepost-purchaseevaluation購(gòu)買(mǎi)后評(píng)估post-purchase/after-saleservice售后服務(wù)potentialadvantages潛在優(yōu)勢(shì)potentialcustomerpotentialmarketpotentialtargetmarket潛在目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)powerindistribution分銷權(quán)力powerofbuyers購(gòu)買(mǎi)者能力powerofsupplierspredatorypricingpre-emptingscarceresourcespreferentialtreatmentpremiumspresentcompetitorspresentingsalesmessage提供銷售信息pre-testmarketresearch測(cè)試前市場(chǎng)研究pricediscrimination價(jià)格歧視priceelasticityofdemandpricefixingpriceleaders價(jià)格領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者pricelining價(jià)格排列定價(jià)法pricepromotion價(jià)格促銷pricequotation報(bào)價(jià)pricesensitivity價(jià)格敏感度pricestructure價(jià)格結(jié)構(gòu)price價(jià)格price/earningsration價(jià)格/收益比price-offpromotions降價(jià)促銷price-settingprocess定價(jià)過(guò)程pricingadjustments定價(jià)調(diào)整pricingpolicies價(jià)格策略pricingprimarydemand基本需求primarysources第一類/主要數(shù)據(jù)printmedia印刷媒體private/for-profitorganization私營(yíng)/PRIZM(PotentialRatingIndexforZipMarkets)proactivenew-productdevelopmentstrategyprobabilitysampling概率抽樣problemformulation界定問(wèn)題problemidentificatioin確定問(wèn)題processmanagement過(guò)程管理Procter&Gamble(P&G)寶潔公司 line產(chǎn)品線productavailabilityproductcategory產(chǎn)品類別productclass產(chǎn)品類別productdecisions產(chǎn)品決策productdesign產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)productdevelopment產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)productdimensionorattributes產(chǎn)品維度/productevolutionproductfeaturesproductintentshare產(chǎn)品傾向份額productleadership產(chǎn)品領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力productlifecycle(PLC)產(chǎn)品生命周期productlifecyclecurveproductlineproductmanagerauditproductofferingproductorganizaitonofsalesforceproductpolicies產(chǎn)品策略productpositioning產(chǎn)品定位productquality產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量productscope產(chǎn)品范圍productspace產(chǎn)品位置productspecifications產(chǎn)品規(guī)格productsystems產(chǎn)品體系producttype產(chǎn)品類型productusageproductproduct(ion)-orientedorganization產(chǎn)品/productionproduct-linepricingadjustmentsproduct-managementorganizationalstructureproduct-marketentrycontrolproduct-relatedbehavioraldescriptorsproduct'smarketcharacteristicsproduct-usetestingpro-environmentprofitimpactofmarketstrategy(PIMS)profitabilityanalysisprofitability盈利性/profitablesurvivorstrategyproject-companyresourcecompatibilityprojectedprofit-and-lossstatementprojectivetests投影測(cè)試promotiondecisions促銷決策promotionmix促銷組合promotionpolicies促銷策略promotion促銷promotionalallowance促銷折讓promotionaleffort促銷努力promotionalpricing促銷定價(jià)promptness及時(shí)性propectorstrategy探索型戰(zhàn)略prospectingforcustomers尋找顧客psychographics心理統(tǒng)計(jì)特征psychologicalcost心理成本psychologicalpricing心理定價(jià)法publicorganization公共組織publicrelations公共關(guān)系publicutilitiespublicitypullstrategyforcontrolofdistributionchannelspupildilationpurchasepredisposition購(gòu)買(mǎi)傾向purchasingagent采購(gòu)代理purchasingcontract采購(gòu)合同purchasingmanager/agent采購(gòu)經(jīng)理／代理purchasingpowerperity(PPP)購(gòu)買(mǎi)力平價(jià)指數(shù)pushmoney/spiffs傭金pushstragtegyforcontrolofdistributionchannelsqualifyingprospectsqualitydimensionsqualityquantitydiscount數(shù)量折扣questionmarks問(wèn)題類questioning詢問(wèn)法quotasR&Dexpenditure研究開(kāi)發(fā)戰(zhàn)略raceandethnicorigin種族和民族rackjobbers供應(yīng)超級(jí)市場(chǎng)的批發(fā)商radio無(wú)線電廣播rankorderingrateofadoptionrate-of-return/targetreturnpricing回報(bào)率/rationalappealsrationalerawmaterialsreactiveandproactiveresponsesreactivenew-productdevelopmentstrategyreactorstrategy反應(yīng)型戰(zhàn)略realestaterebatesrecalltests記憶測(cè)試receiver接收者reciprocity利益互惠recognitionofproblem/need發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題/recognitiontestsrecreationrecruitmentandselection招聘與選拔recyclingofpackaging包裝回收（利用）Reebok銳步referencegroup參照群體referentpower參照權(quán)refocus鞏固refundsrefusaltodeal拒絕經(jīng)營(yíng)regressionanalysis回歸分析法regulation管制related/concentricdiversification相關(guān)/relationalVMSsrelativeattractivenessofdecliningmarketsrelativemarketpotential相對(duì)市場(chǎng)潛力relativemarketshare相對(duì)市場(chǎng)份額reliability可靠性repeatpurchasebehaviorrepetitionrepositioningsrequirementsplanningresellerresidentbuyersresourceallocation/deploymentresponsestrategiesresponsetocommunication傳播響應(yīng)responsivestrategy反應(yīng)型新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)戰(zhàn)略responsiveness響應(yīng)性retailcoveragestrategyRetailIndex零售指數(shù)retailoutlets零售店retailsales零售額retailerco-operativesretailerretailingtrendsReturnonEquity(ROE)ReturnonInvestment(ROI)投資回報(bào)率ReturnonNetAssets(RONA)凈資產(chǎn)回報(bào)率reverseengineering反向工程rewardsystemsrivalrydeterminantsrivalryRobertMiles羅伯特·RockwellRolexRolls-Roycerostersalarysalesagentssalesanalysisbycustomersalesanalysisbyordersizesalesanalysisbyproduct產(chǎn)品銷售分析salesanalysisbyterritory區(qū)域銷售分析salesanalysis銷售分析salesforcastingsalesforceestimates銷售人員估計(jì)salesforcesize銷售隊(duì)伍規(guī)模salesforce銷售隊(duì)伍salesforecasting銷售預(yù)測(cè)salesmanagement銷售管理salesorganizationsalesperformance銷售表現(xiàn)/salespersonnelincentivessalespersonnel銷售人員salesplanning銷售計(jì)劃salespotential銷售潛力salespromotion銷售促進(jìn)/salesterritory銷售地區(qū)salestrends銷售趨勢(shì)sales銷售額sales/pricereduction銷售/sampledesign樣本設(shè)計(jì)samplesize樣本大小sampling抽樣samplingscaleefficiency規(guī)模效率scaledmeasures比例測(cè)度scoringmodels評(píng)判模型screeningofideas創(chuàng)意篩選sealedbidding招標(biāo)Searssecondarysources第二類/second-but-betternew-productdevelopmentstrategysecuritysegmentationandtargeting細(xì)分與目標(biāo)選擇segmentationcriteria細(xì)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)segmentationdescriptors市場(chǎng)細(xì)分變量segmentation市場(chǎng)細(xì)分Seiko日本精工株式會(huì)社（全球著名的打印機(jī)生產(chǎn)商selectivedemand選擇性需求selectivedistribution選擇分銷selectiveexposure選擇性接觸selectiveperception選擇性感知/理解selectiveretention選擇性保留self-employedperson獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)的個(gè)人self-managingteams自我管理團(tuán)隊(duì)self-oriented自我導(dǎo)向型sellinggroupssellingproposition銷售計(jì)劃/selling推銷/serviceguarantees服務(wù)保證serviceindustry服務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)serviceorganization服務(wù)組織servicequality服務(wù)質(zhì)量service服務(wù)serviceability服務(wù)能力serviceability適用性serviceschannels服務(wù)渠道servicingproductsservicingtheaccountsettingquotasshake-outstagesharedprograms/facilities分享計(jì)劃/share-growthstrategiesforfollowersshareholdervalueshare-maintenance份額保持ShermanAct,USA美國(guó)謝爾曼法案 goods消費(fèi)品short-termmemorysignalvehicle/carrier信號(hào)載體simulatedtestmarketing模擬市場(chǎng)測(cè)試single-factorindex單因素指數(shù)法single-linemass-merchandiserstoresSKFskimmingandearlywithdrawalskimmingpricingsleepwalker/contentedunderachievers夢(mèng)游者/slottingallowance安置津貼socialacceptability社會(huì)可接受性socialclass社會(huì)階層socialobjectivessocioculturalenvironmentsoftgoodssofttechnologysoleownershipentrystrategySonysourcecredibilitysourcesourcesofdatasourcesofnew-productideasspecialitygoods特殊品specialityretailers專營(yíng)零售商specialitystores專營(yíng)商店specialization專門(mén)化spokesperson代言人SprintStandardIndustrialClassification(SIC)standardizationstrategystandbypositioning備用定位staplegoods日常用品Starbucks星巴克starsstatementofjobqu