新高考英語二輪復(fù)習講練測專題08：完形填空說明文文應(yīng)試策略（三）（原題版）

?專題08完形填空說明文應(yīng)對策略考點難點精考點難點精講【題型特點】說明文往往圍繞一個問題從不同的側(cè)面來加以說明，通常結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹，句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，因此也是高考完形填空題中較難理解的一種文體。其主要特點為：1.開頭點題在說明文類的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出說明的對象，這是掌握說明細節(jié)的前提。2.結(jié)構(gòu)清晰說明文一般按一定的順序展開。理清文章的說明順序，對于正確把握文意和上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇正確答案具有重要意義。3.難度較大說明文往往采用比較正式的文體，表述準確嚴謹，生詞術(shù)語較多，句子較長，結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜。4.遣詞用字簡練說明文一般采用簡練的語言，按一定的方法介紹事物的類別、性質(zhì)、特點、構(gòu)造、成因、關(guān)系或事物的運動變化、發(fā)展的過程及其規(guī)律。5.條理清晰說明文十分講究條理性，一般采取時間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序或認知順序來說明事物或事理?！緫?yīng)試策略】1.

快速弄清文章大意對于此類文章我們結(jié)合選擇項，進行粗讀或略讀，對文章的大意要先有一個大體的了解。說明文往往生詞較多，而題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時，首先要能夠掌握文章的大意。2.

弄清楚說明的順序把握了說明順序，就能準確把握文章的脈絡(luò)，加強對整篇文章的理解。3.

把握文章的組織結(jié)構(gòu)，理清事實細節(jié)把握語篇特征對理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達清楚的、邏輯比較嚴密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時，我們一定要仔細研讀文章的開頭和結(jié)尾，從主題句著手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結(jié)論。這時，我們還要特別注意，不要被表面的一些細節(jié)所迷惑，我們在理解細節(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上，還要斟酌文字的內(nèi)涵意義，從而對文章進行深層次的理解。4.

注重上下文語境應(yīng)逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項，對特定的語境作深入的理解，克服＂思維定勢＂，根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項填空。5.

熟練做題方法，遵循四個原則：（1）上下一致。每個選擇項必須從全文出發(fā)，從大處著手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成誤選。（2）語法正確。從語法地角度去考慮動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及詞類用法。（3）邏輯合理。在完形填空題中，邏輯推理非常重要，有時每個選擇項從語法上講都正確，但是有的是不合語境邏輯的。（4）符合搭配。英語中固定搭配很多，需要熟練掌握，才能做好此類題目。_____優(yōu)選真題演練優(yōu)選真題演練【2023·湖南省雅禮十六校第一次聯(lián)考】ItiscommonlybelievedthatthegreatEnglish____21____andpoetWilliamShakespearewasborninStratford-on-AvononApril23,1564.Butitisimpossibletoknowthe____22____dayonwhichhewasborn.Churchrecordsshowhewasbaptized(施洗禮)onApril26,andthreedayswasa(an)____23____amountoftimetowaitbeforebaptizinganewlybornbaby.Shakespeare’sdateofdeathis____24____known,however:itwasApril23,1616.Hewas52andhadretiredtoStratfordthreeyearsbefore.Althoughfewplayshavebeenperformedoranalyzedas____25____asthe38playsShakespearewrote,therearefewsurviving____26____abouthislife.This____27____ofbiographicalinformationisdueprimarilytohissocial____28____;hewasnota____29____,butthesonofaleathertrader.Shakespeare_____30_____attendedthegrammarschoolinStratford,wherehewouldhavestudiedLatinandread_____31_____literature.Hedidnotgotouniversityandatage18marriedAnneHathaway,whowaseightyearshis_____32_____.Theyhadfourchildren,includingthetwins,HamnetandJudith.NothingisknownoftheperiodbetweenthebirthofthetwinsandShakespeare’s_____33_____asadramatistinLondonintheearly1590s.Inamillionwordswrittenover20years,he_____34_____thefullrangeofhumanemotionsandconflictswitha_____35_____thatremainssharptoday.AshisgreatcontemporarythepoetanddramatistBenJonsonsaid,"Hewasnotofanage,butforalltime."24221．A．writer B．a(chǎn)rtist C．dramatist D．a(chǎn)ctor22．A．real B．exact C．certain D．right23．A．customary B．fixed C．traditional D．permanent24．A．conclusively B．finally C．a(chǎn)ctually D．rarely25．A．vividly B．extensively C．dramatically D．intensively26．A．facts B．proves C．hints D．details27．A．bareness B．scarcity C．a(chǎn)mount D．a(chǎn)bundance28．A．rank B．wealth C．evaluation D．reputation29．A．lord B．businessman C．celebrity D．noble30．A．indeed B．probably C．surely D．truly31．A．classical B．comedic C．tragic D．a(chǎn)ncient32．A．wife B．junior C．senior D．sister33．A．a(chǎn)mbition B．development C．shift D．emergence34．A．captured B．possessed C．gripped D．clenched35．A．level B．pen C．precision D．method【2022年浙江省二?！块喿x下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。China’sculturalrelicprotectionhasmadeprogress,butmanyproblemsstillexistandneedtobesolved.Chinahasmadeover30____31____basedonthelawofculturalrelicprotection.Chinahasalso____32____fourinternationalagreementsconcerningculturalrelicprotectionandinvestmentinculturalrelicprotectionhasalso____33____.Statisticsshowthatfrom2000to2005whenChinacarriedoutits10thFive-YearDevelopmentPlan,totalinvestmentinthefield____34____7.889billionyuan.Withfinancialsupportfromgovernment,Chinaalsostartedanationwidecampaigntosearchand____35____culturalrelicsin2003.Chinahassofarincludedatotalof2,351culturalrelicsitesand518intangible(無形的)culturalrelicsonthe____36____ofnationalprotecteditems.Recoveryandprotectionhavebeen____37____onimportantculturalrelicsitessuchasthePotalaPalaceinTibetandthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.Chinesemuseumshavedevelopedwellinrecentyears.Chinahasmorethan2,300museumsthat____38____about150millionpeopleannually.However,culturalrelicsinChinanowfacegreat____39____.Manyhistoriccitieshavebeen____40____.Illegaltradeandsmuggling(走私)activitieshavenotbeenforbidden,whichhasledtothelossofnationaltreasuresoverseas.____41____,manyimportantculturalrelicsiteshavedisappearedorarehardtopassonbecauseoftoomuchexplorationandimproperuse.Andculturalrelics____42____byminorityethnicgroupshavelosttheircharacterduetothe____43____lifestyleofthepeople.Therefore,weshouldkeepourmindclearandtake____44____tobetterprotectculturalrelics,and____45____thewholesocietytotakepartinthiscause.27031．A．reforms B．principles C．a(chǎn)gendas D．rules32．A．formed B．organized C．joined D．banned33．A．improved B．increased C．promoted D．dismissed34．A．a(chǎn)rrived B．expected C．reached D．jumped35．A．protect B．bless C．collapse D．reserve36．A．list B．record C．file D．case37．A．carriedout B．laidout C．broughtout D．putout38．A．submit B．a(chǎn)ttract C．a(chǎn)cknowledge D．satisfy39．A．chances B．opportunities C．pressures D．challenges40．A．missed B．disappeared C．lost D．destroyed41．A．Insummary B．What’sworse C．However D．Therefore42．A．collected B．bought C．held D．discovered43．A．occupied B．harmonious C．changing D．widening44．A．notice B．turns C．a(chǎn)dvantage D．measures45．A．encourage B．consult C．command D．a(chǎn)ssign_____名校好題必名校好題必測【湖北十堰市聯(lián)合體2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中聯(lián)考英語試題】IamveryluckybecauseIenjoymyworkverymuch.I’mafitnessinstructoratagymnearwhereIlive.I____21____sixaerobics(有氧運動)classesaweekandalsotellmystudentsabout____22____andnutrition.Astheysay,“Youarewhatyou____23____.”Tobehonest,Iworryaboutthe____24____thatmanypeoplehavetoday.Somanypeopleareoverweight.Becausetheyeatthe____25____foodsandtheydon’tdoanyexercise.Whenyouworkinanofficeallday,Iknowitisdifficulttofind____26____tokeepfit,butyouonlyneedtodo20minutesaday!It’salsoveryimportanttohavea____27____diet,startingwithbreakfastinthemorning.It’snotagoodideato____28____breakfastalthoughmanyofusjusthaveacupofteaorcoffee.Eatasmuch____29____foodaspossible—lotsoffruitandvegetables—and____30____nottoeattoomuchfriedfood.One____31____whyalotofpeoplefeellessthan100%fitisthattheydon’tdrinkenoughwater.Youneedtodrinktwoliters(升)aday—andwater____32____water,nottea,coffeeorsugarydrinks.Keepingfitisfun.However,alotofpeoplethinkit’sboringtogojoggingorcycling.Theyjustwantto____33____theirfood.Well,ofcourse,it’sfinetohavecakesandicecream,butnoteveryday!Iwouldsaywelikewhatourbodies____34____andifyoueatmorehealthyfood,overtime,youmightfindyourselfwantingtoeatthemmorethananythingelse.Tryit,Ithinkyou’llbe____35____!21.A.design B.teach C.share D.choose22.A.taste B.cooking C.health D.wealth23.A.eat B.wear C.speak D.think24.A.idea B.habit C.diet D.goal25.A.cheap B.proper C.delicious D.wrong26.A.space B.money C.time D.courage27.A.special B.poor C.simple D.balanced28.A.make B.miss C.get D.order29.A.fresh B.dried C.fast D.expensive30.A.promise B.beg C.decide D.try31.A.reason B.excuse C.result D.opinion32.A.means B.includes C.needs D.produces33.A.enjoy B.show C.prepare D.research34.A.settledownto B.areburiedin C.aremadeof D.areusedto35.A.moved B.surprised C.troubled D.worried【2022·江蘇省如皋中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研】Philosophyisasystematicandreflectivethinkingonlife.Inthinking,thethinkerisusually____1____bythesurroundingsinwhichhelives.Thisistrueofanindividual,asitisalsotrueof____2____TotheancientChinesetheirlandwastheworld.TherearetwoexpressionsinChinesewhichcanbothbe____3____astheworld:“allbeneaththesky”and“allwithinthefourseas.”Tothepeopleofamaritime(沿海的)countrysuchastheGreeksitwouldbe____4____thatexpressionslikethesecouldbesynonymous.TheancientChineseandGreekphilosophersnotonlylivedunderdifferentgeographicconditions,butdifferent____5____onesaswell.SinceChinaisa____6____country,theChinesepeoplehavetomaketheirlivingbyagriculture,andlandistheprimarybasisofwealth.____7____,throughoutChinesehistory,socialandeconomicthinkingandpolicyhave____8____theemploymentanddistributionofland.InthesocialandeconomicthinkingofChinesephilosophers,thereisa____9____betweenwhattheycall“theroot(本)”and“thebranch(末).”“Theroot”referstoagricultureand“thebranch”to____10____.Thepeoplewhodealwiththe“branch”werethemerchants.Theywerethe____11____andlowestofthefourtraditionalclassesofsociety,theotherthreebeingscholars,farmers,andartisans.Scholarsandfarmerswere____12____theninChina.Thescholarsdidnotactually____13____thelandthemselves,but