Unit 1 語(yǔ)法（知識(shí)清單） -2023-2024學(xué)年英語(yǔ)五年級(jí)下冊(cè)單元速記·巧練系列（譯林版三起）

Unit1Cinderella語(yǔ)法精講精練(含答案)why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句及其答語(yǔ)why是特殊疑問(wèn)詞，一般位于句首，意為“為什么”，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)發(fā)生某事或存在某種狀況的緣由。why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)為“Why+一般疑問(wèn)句？”，答語(yǔ)為“Because+陳述句?！比纾?-Whyareyousohappy?你為什么這么興奮？--Becausetodayismybirthday.由于今日是我的生日。why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句還有一種句型結(jié)構(gòu)為“Whydon't/doesn't/can't/benot+主語(yǔ)+..？”，意為“…為什么不…呢？”why后也可以直接加not，結(jié)構(gòu)為“Whynot+動(dòng)詞原形+...？”，表示懇求、詢問(wèn)或建議。當(dāng)詢問(wèn)的對(duì)象是對(duì)方時(shí)，“Whynotdosth.?”=“Whydon'tyoudosth.?”。如：Whynothaveatry?=Whydon'tyouhaveatry?你為什么不試一試呢？because和becauseof兩者都可以用來(lái)回答發(fā)生某一事情或存在某一狀況的緣由，意為“由于…”。because是連詞，后面接句子；becauseof是復(fù)合介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）。如：ItakeoffthecoatbecauseIfeelhot.我脫掉外套是由于我感覺(jué)熱。Ilikespringbecauseit'sbeautifulwithtreesandflowers.我寵愛(ài)春天是由于它有樹(shù)和花，很秀麗。Shedoesn'tgotoschoolbecauseofillness(生病).她因病沒(méi)去上學(xué)。拓展：特殊疑問(wèn)詞的用法特殊疑問(wèn)詞可分為疑問(wèn)代詞（what,who,whom,whose,which）、疑問(wèn)副詞（where,why,when,how）及特殊疑問(wèn)詞組。疑問(wèn)詞中文意思用法疑問(wèn)詞中文意思用法why為什么問(wèn)緣由Howfar多遠(yuǎn)問(wèn)路程when什么時(shí)候問(wèn)世間Howmany多少問(wèn)數(shù)量who誰(shuí)問(wèn)人Howmuch多少；多少錢(qián)問(wèn)數(shù)量或價(jià)錢(qián)whose誰(shuí)的問(wèn)仆人Howabout怎么樣問(wèn)意見(jiàn)which哪個(gè)，哪些問(wèn)選擇Whatcolour什么顏色問(wèn)顏色where在哪里問(wèn)地點(diǎn)Whatabout怎么樣問(wèn)意見(jiàn)what什么問(wèn)事物Whatday星期幾問(wèn)星期how怎樣問(wèn)狀況Whattime什么時(shí)間問(wèn)時(shí)間Howold幾歲問(wèn)年齡Whatfor為何目的問(wèn)目的專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、依據(jù)中文提示完成句子或?qū)υ挕?.我如此興奮是由于那本故事書(shū)。Iamhappythat.2.你看上去很渴。為什么不喝些水呢？Youlookso.youdrinksomewater?3.--你為什么寵愛(ài)狗？--由于它們很可愛(ài)。--youlikedogs?--theyareverylovely.二、匹配題（填序號(hào)）。()1.Whydoyouwaithere?a.BecauseIstudyhard.()2.WhyisLucysotiredtoday?b.BecauseImakeanewfriend.()3.Whydoyoulikebooks?c.Becauseit'sMonday.()4.Whydoyoufindexamseasy?d.Becauseyoudidn'tbringamap!()5.Whyareyousohappy?e.Becauseit'smyfavouritefood.()6.Whyisthemuseumclosed?f.BecauseI'mgoingtomeetAlicehere.()7.Whydoyoueatpizzasooften?g.BecauseIenjoyreading()8.Whyarewelost?h.Becauseshedidn'tsleepwelllastnight.三、用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)詞填空。--shirtdoyoulike,theblueoneorthewhiteone?--Theblueone.--isyoursister?--Sheisfine.--isyourfather?--He’sadoctor.--isittoday?--It’sTuesday.--shoesarethey?--TheyareLily’s.--isyournewbag?--It’syellow.--isyoursister?--She’ssix.--doyoutakeoffyourcoat?--BecauseIfeelhot.動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式變化規(guī)章在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)章及其發(fā)音如下所示：一般狀況下，直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-s。在清輔音后，s發(fā)/s/音。如：pick→picksdrink→drinks在濁輔音或元音后，s發(fā)/z/音。如：clean→cleanssee→sees以s，x，ch，sh,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾加-es。es發(fā)/?z/或者/z/音。如：pass→passesfix→fixesteach→teachespush→pushesgo→goes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，再加-s。es發(fā)/?z/或/z/音。如：try→triescarry→carriescry→criesfly→flies以元音字母(a，e，i,o，u)加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接在詞尾加-s。s發(fā)/z/音。如：play→plays不規(guī)章變化，需特殊記憶。如：have→has專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、推斷下列單詞畫(huà)線部分發(fā)音是否全都，全都的寫(xiě)“S”，不全都的寫(xiě)“D”()1.takescarsleaveskeys()2.catchesboxesfixespushes()3.thisisyesspot()4.hasdoesbeesmushrooms()5.findsreadslookshands二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Cinderella(try)ontheshoe.It(fit)!2.Mybrother(notlike)milkatall.3.Thestudentoften(do)hishomeworkintheevening.4.TheGreensoften(carry)waterfortheoldlady.5.Thechild(watch)TVeveryevening.6.Tim(get)toschoolat7:30everyday?7.They(begin)theirlessonatseventhirtyinthemorning.8.Thewoman(take)awalkaftersuppereveryday.9.MrsTangalways(worry)abouthersonbecausehedoesn'tlikestudying.10.--Whatyouruncleinyourschool?--HeEnglish.(teach)三、依據(jù)中文提示完成句子。1.這雞湯聞起來(lái)很香。Theverynice.2.一只貓從房子里跑出去了。Acatofthe.3.他們開(kāi)頭了競(jìng)賽。約翰獲勝了。Theythematch.John.4.他通常在晚飯后洗碗和刷牙。Heusuallytheandhisafterdinner.5.博比大喊并且把害蟲(chóng)趕跑了。Bobbyandthepests.6.劉濤經(jīng)常在周末看電視和讀書(shū)。LiuTaoTVand.參考答案1一、1.sohappy,becauseof,book2.thirsty,Whydon’t3.Whydo,Because二、fhgabced三、1.Why,happy,Because2.tired,Whynot3.Whynot4.Why,do,Because四、1.Which2.How3.What4.Whatday5.Whose6.Whatcolour7.Howold8.Why參考答案2一、DSDDD二、1.tries,fits2.doesn’tlike3.does4.carry5.watches