新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法填空專題18 定語從句 (原卷版)

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法填空專題應(yīng)對策略專題18定語從句目錄一知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)定語從句的概念、關(guān)系詞、非限制性定語從句和As引導(dǎo)的定語從句二考點考法關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞三真題回顧展現(xiàn)命題趨勢，明確考試目標四真題訓(xùn)練近幾年高考定語從句專題訓(xùn)練五考情分析定語從句是語法填空的?？键c，非限制性定語從句是考查的重點。六模擬操練再次鞏固所掌握的知識點體系并能靈活應(yīng)用知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)定語從句1.概念：在全句中作定語的從句先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。它有三個作用：1.引導(dǎo)定語從句2.代表先行詞3.在從句中作句子成分關(guān)系詞a.關(guān)系代詞指人1)作主語：I’mascientistwho/thatstudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.2)作賓語：Thegirl(whom/who/that)ImetyesterdayiscalledJane.3)作定語：Ihadastudentwhosecreativitywouldinfectothers.指物1)作主語：Idonotlikethenovelswhich/thathaveunhappyendings.2)作賓語：I’dliketoseethecar(which/that)youboughtyesterday.3)作定語：Thehousewhosedoors(=thedoorsofwhich/ofwhichthedoors)aregreenismyuncle’s.b.關(guān)系副詞1)作時間狀語(先行詞是時間)：Julyisthemonthwhen(=inwhich)nature’sberriesareinabundance.2)作地點狀語(先行詞是地點)：Upstairshehadastudiowhere(=inwhich)hepaintedalittle.3)作原因狀語(先行詞是reason)：Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.4)作方式狀語(先行詞是way)：Idon’tlikethewaythat(=inwhich)youlaughather.c.介詞+關(guān)系代詞HerewassomeonewithwhomIcouldsharemyfeelings.[=(whom/whom/that)Icould...with]Hehasthreechildren,twoofwhomarecollegestudents.(部分與整體)d.不能用that1)非限制性定語從句：Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.2)直接位于介詞后：ThesewereallqualitiesforwhichIhadoncerespectedmyelderbrother.3)people,those,one等指人時多用who：Peoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelgood.e.只/多用that1)先行詞包括人和物：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.2)序數(shù)詞或最高級后：Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistoworkoutaplan.Thisisthebestdictionary(that)I’veeverused.3)指事物的不定代詞后：Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents.4)theonly/very后的事物：Theyarethoughttobetheonlyinsectthatdoesthis.TheBird’sNestistheveryplace(that)youcannotmisswhenyouvisitBeijing.5)who/which開頭的問句中WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoTominEnglish?Whichisthehousethatcaughtfirelastnight?3.非限制性定語從句三個特點:對先行詞起補充說明作用；用逗號與主句分開;不可由that引導(dǎo)。Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturday.適用情況1)先行詞是整個主句：Marywaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherveryangry.2)先行詞是專有名詞：Johnlikesrice,asopposedtoMary,whohatesit.3)先行詞前有物主代詞：Hisson,towhomhehasbeendevoted,islivingabroad.4)先行詞是一類人或事物：Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.4.As引導(dǎo)的定語從句1)限制性：在such,as,thesame后:Thisisthesamepersonascameyesterday.2)非限制性：Aswasexpected,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.［(不出所料)as作主語，謂語通常要有be］考點考法關(guān)系詞填空1)關(guān)系代詞ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshows,wantstoprove…(答案為who)...itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,_______isnotgood...(答案為which)...madeastudy___________showedamerefiveto...(答案為that/which)2)關(guān)系副詞：...goesbacktomydays,______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter…(答案為when)真題回顧1.(2023年全國甲卷)Theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow.”2.(2023年全國甲卷)“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica64alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,”3.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_______livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.4.(2021全國新高考Ⅱ卷)IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I’dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.5.(2020全國Ⅰ卷)Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.6.(2020全國Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartist_______paintingswerealmostlifelike.7.(2020新高考全國Ⅰ卷)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum____________openedin1759.8.(2020新高考全國Ⅱ卷)TheDigitalWorldisasetofvolumes______________aimtodescribehowdigitalsystemsinfluencesocietyandhelpreadersunderstandthenatureofdigitalsystemsandtheirmanyinteractingparts.9.(2019全國Ⅰ卷)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,_______sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.10.(2019全國Ⅲ卷)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.11.(2017全國Ⅲ卷)ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.12.(2016全國Ⅰ卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.考情分析考情：定語從句是語法填空的常考點。特別是全國Ⅰ卷，幾乎每年一題，必須重視。且非限制性定語從句是考查的重點。到目前為止，具體考點有：1.先行詞是人時，用who。如語法填空第8和第9題。2.先行詞是物時，用which。如語法填空第2、5、6和第7題。3.當先行詞與從句中某個名詞有所屬關(guān)系，表示“……的”之意，用whose。如語法填空第4題。4.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且指物用which，如語法填空第7題。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且指人用who，如語法填空第9題。5.先行詞是表示時間或地點的詞，在從句中作狀語時，分別用when和where。如語法填空第3和第10題。解法：首先判斷是否為定語從句，是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句；然后看先行詞是人、是物還是整個主句；再看代表先行詞的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作何種句子成分，最后再確定填哪個關(guān)系詞。模擬操練語法填空：在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。1.(2023屆江蘇常州期中考試)She’soneofseveralartistsinterviewed__________wereunhappytolearnthatpicturesoftheirworkwereusedwithoutsomeoneinformingthem.2.(2023屆江蘇徐州期中考試)Stone-liftingandTibetanchessarenowamongactivities____________havebeenincludedinregionalethnicsportsmeets.3.Accordingtostatisticsfromtheorganizer,157,326visitorsattendedthefestival,manyof________werehanfu-wearingenthusiasts(熱衷者),calledtongpao.4.Hewasselectedfrommorethan60candidates,allof________arefromremoteregionsinTibet.5.(2023屆浙江杭州一模)Whales___________wereabletoquicklyeatalotoffoodsurvived,andgotlarger.6.(2023屆廣西南寧摸底測試)Players________arrowsfailedtomakethepothadtodrinkwineasapunishment.7.(2023屆河北保定期中測試)ThebronzemaskhasstruckthefancyofChinesenetizens,_______commentsonthehairstyleremindedthemofthecrown-shapedhat…8.TherearemanygreatdestinationsintheUK,oneof_______istheSouth-WestofEngland.9.(2023屆湖北黃岡期中測試)Thensheneedstoshareherfeelingsinadiary____________willbehandedintoherteacher.10.Thepasteismadeintoshapesrangingfromsimpletocomplexrounds,someof_______arestuffed(塞滿)withsweetfillings.11.Todaythecavesarejustasinternationalastheywereatthetime________peopletravelledtheSilkRoad.12.WithitgoingonsaleinChinainOctober,itisnowfacingcompetitionfrommanylocalbrands,mostof______havesimilarphonessoldatmuchlowerprices.13.Infact,IELTSistheonlyEnglishlanguagetest______isacceptedforimmigrationpurposesbyallcountriesthatrequireone.14.AsthestrongestanimalselectedbyChinesepeople,thedragonhasthestrongestpower_______helpsitgototheHeavenandtheHell,andmakecloudandrains.15.ResearchersataMassachusetts’universityarecreatingthefirstrobot______canconstantlychangeitsshapeaccordingtothetaskithastodo.16.We’reoftentoldto“eatarainbow”andweaimfortheveryguideline______saysthemorecolourafoodhas,thebetteritis.17.(2023屆廣東廣州階段訓(xùn)練)Thecountryisnowhometo14worldnaturalheritagesitesandfourmixedsites,_______arenotedforbothculturalandnaturalfeatures.18.(2023屆江蘇連云港期中調(diào)研)VarioustypesofstoneswereusedfromtheSongDynasty,________ledtoaboomforsealcarving.19.(2023屆江蘇鎮(zhèn)江期中調(diào)研)Attheopeningceremony,the2008NobelPrizewinnerforliteratureFrenchwriterJean-MarieGustaveLeClézio,_______hadoncevisitedHangzhou,madeanappearancethroughavideo.20.Currently,theChinesegovernmentinconjunctionwiththeWWFaredoingall______ispossibletosavethegiantpanda.21.[2023·廣東省六校第一次聯(lián)考]Gigworkers,oftenreferredtoasindependentcontractors(承包人)ortemporaryworkers,arethosesuchasdeliverydriversandonlinesaleshosts________oftenenterintocontractswithon-demandcompaniestoprovideservicesfortheirclients.22.(2023屆山西呂梁階段性測試)Onecreature____________sharesthesamehabitatwiththegiantpandaistheredpanda.23.(2023屆廣東大灣區(qū)一模)TheLittleNewYear,______isalsocalledtheMinorNewYear’sDay,usuallyfallsroughlyaweekbeforetheLunarNewYear.24.(2023屆山東濟南期中考試)Morethan200booksweredonatedbyJinlingLibrary,________coverfieldssuchasancientChineseliteratureandart,history,cultureandfood.25.(2023屆四川瀘州一診)“Ididn’texpectthesmallplantwouldchangemylife,”saysZhu,35,______quithisjobin2014andjoinedanorganization,theSocietyofEntrepreneursandEcologyConservation.26.(2023屆貴州遵義期中考試)“Chongqingpeoplearereallyamazing,”saidDuHailang,______istheheadoftheBeijingEmergencyRescueAssociation,anorganizationfoundedin2007thathastakenpartinmanyoverseasrescueoperations.27.(2023屆河南新鄉(xiāng)一模)TheXi’anCityWall,________isasymbolofthehistoryandcultureofXi’an,thecapitalofShaanxiProvince,hasbecomeanimportantcitybrandaftercontinuousimprovements.28.(2023屆廣東汕頭質(zhì)檢)Shehasbeenworkingasatourguideandvendor(小販)inYangshuosince1998,_______theareabecamefamouswithforeignbackpackersandorganizedtours.29.(2023屆廣東佛山順德質(zhì)檢)WuwasbornonMay31,1912,inLiuhetown,Taicang,________theYangtzeRiverflowsintotheEastSea.30.(2023屆遼寧沈陽期中考試)Thefindingssuggestsomethingisspecialinthehippocampus(海馬體)—aregionofthebrain_____________supportsmemoryandhelpstoadjustappetite.31.(2023屆浙江湖州聯(lián)考)Toexplainthedecision,mayorKirkCaldwellsaid,“Unfortunately,weholdthehonourofbeingamajorcity__________morepedestrians(行人)arehitincrosswalksthanalmostanyothercityinthecountry.”32.[2023·江西重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體聯(lián)考]NowadaysanincreasingnumberofpeopleinvariouspartsofChinahavebeguntocelebratetheirflowerfestivalagain,someof________，dressedinhanfu,atypeoftraditionalChinesecostume,performaseriesofceremonies.33.(2023屆重慶11月調(diào)研)Second,thesocialnetworkingwebsitecreatesanenvironment,______youareallowedtointeracteasilywithothers:Youcanshareyourphotos,videos,linksandthoughts,andrespondtowhattheyshareinturn.34.InplacessuchasHongKong…theEnglishphraseoftenreplacestheChinesecharacters,andthisisthereason________thephrasehasbeenaddedtothedictionary.35.(2023屆浙江湖州、麗水、衢州質(zhì)檢)Whatmakessomethingasport?Traditionaldefinitionsusuallyincludedsomephysicalactivity____________showsathleticabilityorstrength.36.Ibelieve,thisisanimportantreason_____I’mabletomakeprogressinlearningEnglish.37.[2023·福州高三起點調(diào)研]BythetimeoftheMingDynasty,peoplecouldusetheabacusinaddition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivision,________werewidelyusedforcalculatingtheweight,amount,spaceandvolume.38.______oneresearcherwhoisworkingontheprojectexplains,“Appreciatingone’sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandingoneself.”39.[2023·嘉興市高三基礎(chǔ)測試]Aftereachcycleoftrading,companies________haveleftovercarbonallowances(限額)cansellthemtoothers.40.[2023·山東省實驗中學(xué)模擬]Theappdoesthisbymonitoringtheirtime________theusersgotosleep,whichmeansthatyouwillfeellesssleepywhenyouwakeupeverymorning.41.[2023·麗水、湖州、衢州市質(zhì)量檢測]Whatmakessomethingasport?Traditionaldefinitionsusuallyincludedsomephysicalactivities________showathleticabilityorstrength.42.[2023·湖南省高三聯(lián)考]Thecharacter“three”isshapedlikeabook,________representsthelonghistoricaltraditionofRongBaoZhai.43.[2023·青島市高三調(diào)研]Insteadofaneconomyofthetypicaltake-make-disposemodel,ChopValueseekstocreateone________transformswasteintoausableresource.44.[2023·湖南省第二次合檢測]Thereason________thistraditionalflatbreadhappeningtobepopularamongtheethnicgroupshereliesinitsbeingeasytobake,storeandtransport.45.[2023·湖南省第二次合檢測]WhereveryougoinXinjiang,whethernorthorsouthoftheTianshanMountains,you'llnoticesmallstands________somecrispyanddeliciousnangissold.46.[2023·遼寧省五校聯(lián)考]ShaxiansnacksisashiningexampleofChinesefoodchainbrands,________mostlikelyincludefoodssuchassteameddumplings,noodlesandhuntun.47.[2023·郴州市第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測]Thegovernmenthasalsointroducedanewproposalinordertolimittheamountofafter-schooleducationkidscanattend,especiallyduringholida