浙江省寧波市三鋒教研聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題

2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期寧波三鋒教研聯(lián)盟期中聯(lián)考高一年級(jí)英語學(xué)科試題考生須知：1.本卷共10頁滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Attheticketoffice.B.OnthephoneC.Atthewoman’shome.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Chatwiththewoman.B.Losesomeweight.C.Setupaprogram.3.HowoldisJack?A.38.B.43.C.48.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Mr.Jonesisbusynow.B.Mr.WilliamstakesoverMr.Jones’swork.C.ThemanmistookMr.WilliamsforMr.Jones.5.Whatbookarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abookaboutfunnypictures.B.Abookaboutinterestingstories.C.Abookaboutbuildingsintheworld.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Herhome.B.Thelibrary.C.Thecinema.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanisgoodatgeology.B.Themandoesn’thaveanyexamstomorrow.C.Thewomanisworriedabouthermathexam.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Whywon’ttheboy’sfatherbehomefordinner?A.Heisworking.B.Heissickinhospital.C.Heiscaughtinanaccident.9.Whatistheboy’sfatherprobably?A.Afireman.B.Apoliceman.C.Adoctor.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10和第12三個(gè)小題。10.Whatistheyellowscarfmadeof?A.Cotton.B.Silk.C.Wool.11.Whichscarfhasthemanbought?A.Theyellowone.B.Theblueone.C.Thewhiteone.12.Howmuchdoesthemanpayforthescarf?A.$79.B.$80.C.$72.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.Whoisthewoman?A.Areporter.B.Anadvertiser.C.Amodel.14.Whatishardforthewoman?A.Toreducestress.B.Tomakefriends.C.Toperformonthestage.15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanlikestraveling.BThewomanhasmanyfriends.C.Thewomandislikedbeingamodel.16.Whatdoesthewomansuggestintheend?A.Stickingtoyourdreams.B.Tryingtoinfluenceothers.C.Travelingaroundtheworld.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Importanceofmakingconversations.B.Waystoimprovemunicationskills.C.Methodsofgettingonwellwithothers.18Whatisthefirststeptomunicatewell?A.Listencarefullytowhatotherssay.B.Thinkaboutwhatyouwillsaynext.C.Repeatwhatotherpeoplehavesaid.19.Whatisthefirstthingtospeakwell?A.Focusonyourpoint.B.Speaknaturallyandbeconfident.C.Besuretobecalmandfortable.20.Howcanoneexpresstheviewsfreely?A.Smileallthetime.B.Askothers’opinions.C.Usesuitablewordsandexpressions.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIntoday’sclassroom,homeworkispletednotonlywiththepenandpaper,butalsowithputersandcellphones.Howtomakethebestuseofsuchdigitalproductsisanimportantquestionforteachersandstudents.Thefollowingtopdigitalportfolioplatforms(作品集平臺(tái))offerabroadrangeoffunctions.Mostimportantly,theyprovideawaytosharestudents’workwithpride.GoogleSitesCreatingadigitalportfoliocouldnotbeanyeasierthanGoogleSitesmakesit.Itletsstudentsquicklyputincontents,suchastext,images,videos,maps,andmuchmore.Useoneoftheprovidedsixthemesorcreateacustomone,andthenpublishitasapublicorrestrictedview(限制瀏覽的)site.SeesawforSchoolsDesignedforeducation,SeesawforSchoolsprovidesaplatformthroughwhichstudentspleteandshareschoolprojects.Byrecordingtheprocessofgraduallyimprovingtheirschoolwork,kidsgainasenseofmasteryandpride,soitispopularamongthem.Plus,parentscanbeinvolvedtoo—justdownloadtheSeesawFamilyapp.ArtsoniaArtsoniaislikeadreametrueforartmindedstudents:afree,safe,educationalspacethroughwhichstudentsshowtheirdigitalcreativity.Friendsandfamilycanview,mentonandbuyobjects.Thesitealsoprovidesapleteteachers’guide.JustcelebratetheartisticskillswithArtsonia!EdublogsOneoftheoldestandbestknownwebplatformsforeducation,EdublogsmakesiteasyforteachersandstudentstostartbuildingafreeWordPressplatform.Thefreeplanoffers1GBofstoragespace,classmanagementtools,andnoadvertising.AsetofeducatorguidesandmunityparticipationisanotherbigplusforEdublogs.1.WhatisspecialaboutGoogleSites?A.Itletsstudentslearnfromothers’work.B.Itiscontrolledbyeducatorsforsafety.C.Itoffersstudentsonlinepublishingrightsforfree.D.Itallowsstudentstocreatecontentsindifferentforms.2.WhyisSeesawforSchoolspopularamongkids?A.Ithelpschecktheirschoolwork.B.Itcantracktheirprogress.C.Itrequiresteamworkwithparents.D.Itprotectstheirpersonalinformationwell.3.WhatdoArtsoniaandEdublogshaveinmon?A.Theyofferprofessionaladvice.B.Theyrequiresupportfromteachersandparents.C.Theyremindstudentstohandinhomeworkontime.D.Theycanstorelargeamountsofinformation.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了可以分享學(xué)生作業(yè)的幾個(gè)數(shù)字投資組合平臺(tái)。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GoogleSites部分中的“Itletsstudentsquicklyputincontents,suchastext,images,videos,maps,andmuchmore.(它允許學(xué)生快速輸入內(nèi)容，比如文本、圖像、視頻、地圖等等。)”可知，GoogleSites允許學(xué)生創(chuàng)建不同形式的內(nèi)容。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SeesawforSchools部分中的“Designedforeducation,SeesawforSchoolsprovidesaplatformthroughwhichstudentspleteandshareschoolprojects.Byrecordingtheprocessofgraduallyimprovingtheirschoolwork,kidsgainasenseofmasteryandpride,soitispopularamongthem.(SeesawforSchools專為教育設(shè)計(jì)，為學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)完成和分享學(xué)校項(xiàng)目的平臺(tái)。通過記錄他們逐漸改進(jìn)作業(yè)的過程，孩子們獲得了一種掌控感和自豪感，所以在他們中很受歡迎)”可知，SeesawforSchools可以跟蹤他們的進(jìn)度，所以受孩子們的歡迎。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Artsonia部分中的“Thesitealsoprovidesapleteteachers’guide.JustcelebratetheartisticskillswithArtsonia!(網(wǎng)站還提供了一個(gè)完整的教師指南。用藝術(shù)的技巧來慶祝吧!)”以及Edublogs部分中的“AsetofeducatorguidesandmunityparticipationisanotherbigplusforEdublogs.(一套教育工作者指南和社區(qū)參與是Edublogs的另一大優(yōu)勢(shì))”可知，Artsonia和Edublogs的共同之處是他們提供專業(yè)建議。故選A。BIsatinthecornerofmyfavoriteBostonbookstore,openedmylaptopandwrote.TenminutesagoIorderedcoffee.Theserver—ayoungwomanwithabroadsmile—pausedandquietlysaid,“IjustwanttotellyouhowmuchyourTEDtalkmeanttome—howmuchitinspiredme.Acoupleofyearsagomyprofessorshowedusthevideoinaclass.NowI’mapplyingtomedicalschool,andIjustwantyoutoknowIstoodinthebathroomlikeWonderWomanbeforeItookmyMCAT(MedicalCollegeAdmissionTest),anditreallyhelped.SoIjustwanttosaythanks.”Tearsinmyeyes,Iasked,“What’syourname?”“Fetaine,”shesaid.ThiskindofinteractionhappensfarmorefrequentlythanI’deverhaveimagined:astrangerwarmlygreetsme,sharesapersonalstoryaboutsuccessfullydealingwithabigchallenge,andthensimplythanksmeformypartinit.They’rewomenandmen,oldandyoung,strugglingandwealthy.Butsomethingconnectsthem:allhavefeltpowerlessinthefaceofgreatpressureandanxiety,andallhavediscoveredaremarkablysimplewaytoreleasethemselvesfromthatfeelingofpowerlessness.Formostauthors,thebookesfirst,thentheresponses.Forme,itwastheotherwayaround.First,Iwrotesomescholarlyarticles,whichnooneeverread;theyinspiredatalkIdeliveredattheTEDGlobalConferencein2012.Init,IdiscussedresearchIhaddonethatyieldedanoddandunexpectedfindingabouthowourbodiesinfluenceourbrains.Asaresultofthisresearch,Iwasabletodescribeatechnique—thatWonderWomaninthebathroomthingFetainementioned...thatcanquicklyincreaseourconfidenceanddecreaseouranxietyinchallengingsituations.Immediatelyafterthe21minutevideoofthetalkwaspostedontheInternet,Ibeganhearingfrompeoplewhohadseenit.Ofcourse,myspeechdidn’tmagicallygiveFetainetheknowledgesheneededtodowellontheMCAT.Butitmayhavereleasedherfromthefearthatcouldhavepreventedherfromexpressingthethingssheknew.4.WhathappenedintheBostonbookstore?A.Theauthorencounteredafriend.B.Aserverinspiredtheauthor’sTEDtalk.C.Awaitressexpressedhergratitudetotheauthor.D.Theauthorwaitedfortheservertoshareherstory.5.Whatdidthosepeopleapproachingtheauthorhaveinmon?A.Theywerelosersinlife.B.Theyoncefacedproblemsandfelthelpless.C.Theysharedstoriesofmanystrangers.D.Theylookedforwardtointeractingwithothers.6.Whatmaybethethemeoftheauthor’stalkin2012?A.Howtoincreaseconfidence. B.Howtooverespeechanxiety.C.Howtofindunexpectedthingsinlife. D.Howtoconductscientificexperiments.7.HowdidtheauthorinfluenceFetaineintheauthor’seyes?A.SheadvisedFetainetotaketheMCAT.B.ShegaveFetainetheknowledgesheneeded.C.ShefreedFetainefromthefearoftellingthetruth.D.ShehelpedFetainegatherthecouragetopresentherself.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者TED的演講視頻幫助了很多人，其中包括服務(wù)員Fetaine?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Theserver—ayoungwomanwithabroadsmile—pausedandquietlysaid,“IjustwanttotellyouhowmuchyourTEDtalkmeanttome—howmuchitinspiredme.Acoupleofyearsagomyprofessorshowedusthevideoinaclass.NowI’mapplyingtomedicalschool,andIjustwantyoutoknowIstoodinthebathroomlikeWonderWomanbeforeItookmyMCAT(MedicalCollegeAdmissionTest),anditreallyhelped.SoIjustwanttosaythanks.”(服務(wù)員是一位笑容燦爛的年輕女士，她停頓了一下，平靜地說：“我只想告訴你，你的TED演講對(duì)我有多重要——它給了我多大的啟發(fā)。幾年前，我的教授在課堂上給我們看了這個(gè)視頻。現(xiàn)在我正在申請(qǐng)醫(yī)學(xué)院，我只是想讓你知道，在我參加醫(yī)學(xué)院入學(xué)考試（MCAT）之前，我像神奇女俠一樣站在浴室里，這真的很有幫助。所以我只想說聲謝謝?！?”可知，在波士頓書店，一位女服務(wù)員表達(dá)了她對(duì)作者的感謝。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Butsomethingconnectsthem:allhavefeltpowerlessinthefaceofgreatpressureandanxiety,andallhavediscoveredaremarkablysimplewaytoreleasethemselvesfromthatfeelingofpowerlessness.(但有些東西將他們聯(lián)系在一起：面對(duì)巨大的壓力和焦慮，他們都感到無能為力，他們都發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種非常簡(jiǎn)單的方法來釋放自己的無能為力感。)”可知，這些接近作者的人的共同點(diǎn)是他們?cè)?jīng)遇到問題，感到無助。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“First,Iwrotesomescholarlyarticles,whichnooneeverread;theyinspiredatalkIdeliveredattheTEDGlobalConferencein2012.Init,IdiscussedresearchIhaddonethatyieldedanoddandunexpectedfindingabouthowourbodiesinfluenceourbrains.Asaresultofthisresearch,Iwasabletodescribeatechnique—thatWonderWomaninthebathroomthingFetainementioned...thatcanquicklyincreaseourconfidenceanddecreaseouranxietyinchallengingsituations.(首先，我寫了一些學(xué)術(shù)文章，但從來沒有人讀過;它們激發(fā)了我在2012年TED全球大會(huì)上的演講。在這篇文章中，我討論了我所做的一項(xiàng)研究，該研究得出了一個(gè)奇怪而意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)，即我們的身體是如何影響我們的大腦的。作為這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，我能夠描述一種技術(shù)——范登提到的浴室里的神奇女俠……這可以迅速增加我們的信心，減少我們?cè)诔錆M挑戰(zhàn)的情況下的焦慮。)”可知，作者2012年的演講主題可能是如何增強(qiáng)信心。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Theserver—ayoungwomanwithabroadsmile—pausedandquietlysaid,“IjustwanttotellyouhowmuchyourTEDtalkmeanttome—howmuchitinspiredme.Acoupleofyearsagomyprofessorshowedusthevideoinaclass.NowI’mapplyingtomedicalschool,andIjustwantyoutoknowIstoodinthebathroomlikeWonderWomanbeforeItookmyMCAT(MedicalCollegeAdmissionTest),anditreallyhelped.SoIjustwanttosaythanks.”(服務(wù)員是一位笑容燦爛的年輕女士，她停頓了一下，平靜地說：“我只想告訴你，你的TED演講對(duì)我有多重要——它給了我多大的啟發(fā)。幾年前，我的教授在課堂上給我們看了這個(gè)視頻?，F(xiàn)在我正在申請(qǐng)醫(yī)學(xué)院，我只是想讓你知道，在我參加醫(yī)學(xué)院入學(xué)考試（MCAT）之前，我像神奇女俠一樣站在浴室里，這真的很有幫助。所以我只想說聲謝謝。”)”以及最后一段“Ofcourse,myspeechdidn’tmagicallygiveFetainetheknowledgesheneededtodowellontheMCAT.Butitmayhavereleasedherfromthefearthatcouldhavepreventedherfromexpressingthethingssheknew.(當(dāng)然，我的演講并沒有神奇地教給菲丹在MCAT考試中取得好成績所需的知識(shí)。但這可能讓她從恐懼中解脫出來，這種恐懼可能會(huì)阻止她表達(dá)她所知道的事情。)”可知，作者給了Fetaine面對(duì)未來的勇氣。故選D。CEveryApril22peopleetogethertotakeactionthatwillprotecttheenvironment.OnethemeofEarthDayis“Invest(投資)InOurPlanet”.Sohowisinvestmentinecoinnovationhelpingtodeliveramoresustainablefuture?Whenitestotheenvironment,itcanbearguedthatthetechnologyindustryisboththeproblemandthesolution.Techisresponsibleforbetween3.5%and4%ofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放物).AndtheEUbelievestheInformationandmunicationTechnology(ICT)sectorisresponsiblefor10%ofallelectricityconsumption.Ontheotherhand,weallwantasustainablefuturefortheplanet.Yetwealsowanttheconvenienceandfunofmodernliving.Obviously,onlyecoinnovationcandeliverthesolutions.Ecoinnovationisthekeytodoingmorewithless.Allovertheworld,andacrossmanydifferentindustries,innovatorsareworkingtoreducethehumanfootprintwhileimprovingproductivity.Innovativefarmingisagoodexample.Untilrecently,mostagriculturalimprovementsfocusedonthedevelopmentofmachines.Nowdigitaltoolsarecausinganewwaveofefficiency.Innovativefarmingpanieslooktoincreasefarmefficiencyandreduceinputwastethroughfarmingtechniques.Andtheyareusingrealtimedeviceslocatedinthefieldorinequipment.Thedatacollectedbythesedeviceshelpfarmersmakebetterdecisionsaboutwheretoprovideeffortandresourceswhilereducingtheenvironmentalfootprint.Aspeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectioncontinuestoincrease,thetechindustryneedstokeepworkingontheinventionslikethosedescribedabove.Thesebreakthroughswillhelpusalltodomorewithless.Also,techpaniesarefacingcallstokeeptheirownhousesinorder.Lawmakersandconsumerswantthemtousefewermaterialsintheproductionprocessandrethinktheirapproachtorecyclingandwaste.Thegoodnewsisthatgovernmentsandecoinnovativepanieshavealreadycarriedoutamajorcleanupmission.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetechnologyindustryaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Itcontributestosavingelectricity.B.Itwillchangeourtraditionalwayoflife.C.Itbenefitsanddamagestheenvironment.D.Itisamajorcauseofgreenhousegasemissions.9.Whichofthefollowingplaysanimportantroleinagriculturalimprovement?A.Theuseofdigitalequipment. B.Thetrainingoffarmers.C.Thecollectionofresources. D.Theinventionofmachines.10.Whataretechpaniesexpectedtodo?A.Buildmoregreenhouses. B.Meetthemarketrequirements.C.Watchtheirenvironmentalbehavior. D.Changetheirmanagementstyle.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThelongtermgoalofEarthDayB.ModernfarmingandtechnologicalchangeC.ThekeytothedevelopmentoftechnologyindustryD.Ecoinnovationandenvironmentalprotection【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要討論了投資生態(tài)創(chuàng)新如何有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)更可持續(xù)的未來，特別是從科技行業(yè)的角度進(jìn)行探討?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenitestotheenvironment,itcanbearguedthatthetechnologyindustryisboththeproblemandthesolution.Techisresponsibleforbetween3.5%and4%ofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放物).AndtheEUbelievestheInformationandmunicationTechnology(ICT)sectorisresponsiblefor10%ofallelectricityconsumption.Ontheotherhand,weallwantasustainablefuturefortheplanet.Yetwealsowanttheconvenienceandfunofmodernliving.Obviously,onlyecoinnovationcandeliverthesolutions.(說到環(huán)境，可以說科技產(chǎn)業(yè)既是問題又是解決方案。科技行業(yè)的溫室氣體排放量占全球溫室氣體排放量的3.5%至4%。歐盟認(rèn)為，信息和通信技術(shù)(ICT)部門的用電量占總用電量的10%。另一方面，我們都希望地球有一個(gè)可持續(xù)的未來。然而，我們也想要現(xiàn)代生活的便利和樂趣。顯然，只有生態(tài)創(chuàng)新才能提供解決方案)”可知，我們可以了解到科技行業(yè)有益于環(huán)境，也會(huì)破壞環(huán)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Untilrecently,mostagriculturalimprovementsfocusedonthedevelopmentofmachines.Nowdigitaltoolsarecausinganewwaveofefficiency.Innovativefarmingpanieslooktoincreasefarmefficiencyandreduceinputwastethroughfarmingtechniques.Andtheyareusingrealtimedeviceslocatedinthefieldorinequipment.Thedatacollectedbythesedeviceshelpfarmersmakebetterdecisionsaboutwheretoprovideeffortandresourceswhilereducingtheenvironmentalfootprint.(直到最近，大多數(shù)農(nóng)業(yè)改進(jìn)都集中在機(jī)器的發(fā)展上?，F(xiàn)在，數(shù)字工具正在引發(fā)新的效率浪潮。創(chuàng)新農(nóng)業(yè)公司希望通過農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)提高農(nóng)業(yè)效率，減少投入浪費(fèi)。他們使用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)或設(shè)備中的實(shí)時(shí)設(shè)備。這些設(shè)備收集的數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助農(nóng)民更好地決定在減少環(huán)境足跡的同時(shí)，在哪里投入精力和資源)”可知，數(shù)字設(shè)備的使用在農(nóng)業(yè)改良中起重要作用。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Aspeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectioncontinuestoincrease,thetechindustryneedstokeepworkingontheinventionslikethosedescribedabove.Thesebreakthroughswillhelpusalltodomorewithless.Also,techpaniesarefacingcallstokeeptheirownhousesinorder.Lawmakersandconsumerswantthemtousefewermaterialsintheproductionprocessandrethinktheirapproachtorecyclingandwaste.Thegoodnewsisthatgovernmentsandecoinnovativepanieshavealreadycarriedoutamajorcleanupmission.(隨著人們環(huán)保意識(shí)的不斷提高，科技行業(yè)需要繼續(xù)致力于上述發(fā)明。這些突破將幫助我們用更少的資源做更多的事情。此外，科技公司也面臨著管好自己內(nèi)部事務(wù)的呼聲。立法者和消費(fèi)者希望他們?cè)谏a(chǎn)過程中使用更少的材料，并重新考慮他們回收和廢物的方法。好消息是，政府和生態(tài)創(chuàng)新公司已經(jīng)開展了一項(xiàng)重大的清理任務(wù))”可知，科技公司需要著管好自己內(nèi)部事務(wù)，使用更少的材料，所以科技公司應(yīng)該觀察他們的環(huán)境行為。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“EveryApril22peopleetogethertotakeactionthatwillprotecttheenvironment.OnethemeofEarthDayis“Invest(投資)InOurPlanet”.Sohowisinvestmentinecoinnovationhelpingtodeliveramoresustainablefuture?(每年4月22日，人們聚集在一起采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境。地球日的主題之一是“投資我們的星球”。那么，對(duì)生態(tài)創(chuàng)新的投資如何有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)更可持續(xù)的未來呢?)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了科技行業(yè)對(duì)環(huán)境有好處也有壞處，指出生態(tài)創(chuàng)新對(duì)改善環(huán)境最重要，所以D項(xiàng)“Ecoinnovationandenvironmentalprotection(生態(tài)創(chuàng)新與環(huán)境保護(hù))”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DInafascinatingdiscovery,westernlowlandgorillas(大猩猩)atZooAtlantahavebeencaughtsummoningtheirkeepersusingastrangecoughsneezemixture,whichresearchershavecalleda“snough”.Onlytwootherspecieshavedisplayedthisabilitytocreatenewvocalizationstoattractourattention:zoohousedchimpanzeesandorangutans.Now,wecanaddgorillastothatlist.Asmanyofusknow,Kokoputaspotlightongorillaintelligenceinthe1980sand1990swithherincredibleabilitytomunicatewithhumansusingsignlanguage.Shewastrainedandworkedhardatit,butnowitseemsgorillashavetakenituponthemselvestoestablishuniquemunicationwithusintheirownway.RobertaSalmi,abiologicalanthropologistattheUniversityofGeorgia,andcolleaguesrananexperimenttoconfirmthepurposeofthe“snough”,byplacingeightofthezoo’sgorillasinthreedifferentsituations.Inthefirst,onlythekeeperwaspresent;inthesecondonlythefoodwaspresent;inthefinalone,thekeeperwasholdingthefood.Thefoodandkeeperwereinsightbutoutofreach.Thegorillasinvolvedusedthe“snough”vocalizationmostwhentherewasahumanpresentwithfood,indicatingthecallislikelyanattempttogetthekeeper’sattention.Thisplexvocallearning—theabilitytoproduceuniquecalls—israreintheanimalkingdomandconfirmedonlyinsomespeciesofbirds,batsandelephants.Buttheyalldosobyimitating.Theanalysisshowedthegorilla’s“snough”isauniquesound,notanimitation—althoughtheyarecertainlycapableofimitatingusinotherways.“Theseresultsdemonstratethatgorillascanchangetheircallstoproduceanovelsoundandfurthermoreconfirmthattheycanproducetheircallsandgesturesintentionallytochangetheattentionstateoftheircaregiver,”theteamconcludedintheirpaper.We’veclearlylongunderestimatedthesecleversouls.12.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“summoning”underlinedinparagraph1?A.pleasing B.calling C.finding D.warning13.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheresearch?A.Byorderingthegorillastomakethe“snough”vocalization.B.Bytrainingthegorillastoattracttheirkeepers’attention.C.Byparingthegorillas’reactionsindifferentsituations.D.Bygatheringinformationaboutthegorillasfromtheirkeepers.14.Whydoestheauthormentionsomeotheranimalsinparagraph4?A.Toillustrategorillascanimitatehumansinotherways.B.Toconfirmonlygorillashavetheabilitytoproduceuniquecalls.C.Toprovetheanimalscanproduceuniquecallsthroughimitation.D.Toshowgorillas’abilitytoinventthenewvocalizationisunmon.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresearch?A.Someanimalshavetheabilitytomakenewsounds.B.Gorillascancreateanewsoundtodrawzookeepers’attention.C.Someintelligentanimalstrytoattractattentionbyimitating.D.Gorillasareabletomunicatewithhumansusinguniquegestures.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。這篇文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于大猩猩的獨(dú)特交流方式的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Onlytwootherspecieshavedisplayedthisabilitytocreatenewvocalizationstoattractourattention:zoohousedchimpanzeesandorangutans.Now,wecanaddgorillastothatlist.(之前只有另外兩種物種表現(xiàn)出了創(chuàng)造新的發(fā)聲來吸引我們注意力的能力：圈養(yǎng)的黑猩猩和紅毛猩猩?，F(xiàn)在，我們可以將大猩猩也加入這個(gè)名單)”可知，發(fā)出聲音是為了吸引人們注意，所以推知summoning應(yīng)是“召喚，呼喚”之意，和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“RobertaSalmi,abiologicalanthropologistattheUniversityofGeorgia,andcolleaguesrananexperimenttoconfirmthepurposeofthe“snough”,byplacingeightofthezoo’sgorillasinthreedifferentsituations.Inthefirst,onlythekeeperwaspresent;inthesecondonlythefoodwaspresent;inthefinalone,thekeeperwasholdingthefood.Thefoodandkeeperwereinsightbutoutofreach.Thegorillasinvolvedusedthe“snough”vocalizationmostwhentherewasahumanpresentwithfood,indicatingthecallislikelyanattempttogetthekeeper’sattention.(羅伯塔·薩爾米（RobertaSalmi）是喬治亞大學(xué)的生物人類學(xué)家，她和同事進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，通過將動(dòng)物園中的八只大猩猩置于三種不同的情境下來證實(shí)“snough”的作用。第一種情境是只有飼養(yǎng)員在場(chǎng)；第二種是只有食物在場(chǎng)；最后一種是飼養(yǎng)員拿著食物。食物和飼養(yǎng)員都在視線范圍內(nèi)，但無法觸及。參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的大猩猩在有人拿著食物在場(chǎng)的情況下使用“snough”發(fā)聲最多，這表明這種叫聲很可能是試圖引起飼養(yǎng)員的注意)”可知，研究人員是通過比較大猩猩在不同情況下的反應(yīng)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thisplexvocallearning—theabilitytoproduceuniquecalls—israreintheanimalkingdomandconfirmedonlyinsomespeciesofbirds,batsandelephants.Buttheyalldosobyimitating.Theanalysisshowedthegorilla’s“snough”isauniquesound,notanimitation—althoughtheyarecertainlycapableofimitatingusinotherways.(這種復(fù)雜的發(fā)聲學(xué)習(xí)——即發(fā)出獨(dú)特叫聲的能力——在動(dòng)物界是罕見的，目前僅在部分鳥類、蝙蝠和大象中得到證實(shí)。但它們都是通過模仿來發(fā)聲的。分析表明，大猩猩的“snough”是一種獨(dú)特的聲音，而非模仿而來的，盡管它們確實(shí)能夠以其他方式模仿我們)”可知，作者在本段提到了其他一些動(dòng)物是為了展示大猩猩發(fā)明新發(fā)聲的能力是不尋常的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Theseresultsdemonstratethatgorillascanchangetheircallstoproduceanovelsoundandfurthermoreconfirmthattheycanproducetheircallsandgesturesintentionallytochangetheattentionstateoftheircaregiver,”theteamconcludedintheirpaper.We’veclearlylongunderestimatedthesecleversouls.(“這些結(jié)果證明了大猩猩可以通過改變自己的叫聲來產(chǎn)生新的聲音，并進(jìn)一步證實(shí)，它們可以有意識(shí)地通過叫聲和手勢(shì)來改變看護(hù)者的注意力狀態(tài)，”研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在他們的論文中總結(jié)道。長期以來，我們顯然低估了這些聰明的靈魂)”可知，大猩猩可以創(chuàng)造一種新的聲音來吸引動(dòng)物園管理員的注意。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Takingexercisecanbeboring.Thegoodnewsisthattherearesometipswhichwecanapplytooureverydayfitnessroutines?Haveanobjective.Whenwe’replayingagame,there’salwaysanobjective.Ithelpsusfocusonthetaskathandandmotivatesustokeepplayinguntilwewinthegame.Exerciseshouldbenodifferent.Createaclearfitnessgoal.____16____.?Addanelementofwhimsy(奇思妙想)Somepeoplelovevideogamesbecausethere’salotofunexpectednessandsurprise.____17____.Takephotosofatleast5differentflowersonaneighborhoodwalk.Rideabikefromonefriend’shousetoanother.?____18____Inastudy,ateamofresearcherschallenged602overweightworkersfromasinglepanytotakepartinasteptrackingchallenge.Thegroupaskedtopeteagainstotherworkersendedupwalkingmorestepsthananyothergroupsinthestudy.Ifwe’reseekingasimilarmotivation,lookintofitnessprogramsthatencouragefriendlypetition.?Teamupwithothers.____19____.Inthatsamestudy,anothergroupofworkerswasaskedtodivideintoteamsofthree.Eachday,onememberofthegroupwasselectedtorepresenttheentireteamwithhis/herindividualstepcountoftheday.Thisapproachencouragedeachmemberofthegrouptotrytoachievetheday’sstepgoal.____20____.Wecantrytobeenergeticbyworkingtowardsanexercisegoaltogetherwithotherpeople.A.peteagainstothers.B.Aimtowalk10,000stepsaday,forexample.C.Playagainstafriendtogetpetitive.D.Noonewantedtolettheirteammembersdown.E.Andthereareplentyofdigitaltoolsthatcanhelpwiththis.F.Wecancopythesefeaturesintoourownfitnessgamedesigns.G.Gettingagrouptoworktogetherisalsoaneffectiveway.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何通過將一些策略應(yīng)用于日常健身活動(dòng)中，使鍛煉變得有趣而不枯燥?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Whenwe’replayingagame,there’salwaysanobjective.Ithelpsusfocusonthetaskathandandmotivatesustokeepplayinguntilwewinthegame.Exerciseshouldbenodifferent.Createaclearfitnessgoal.(當(dāng)我們?cè)谕嬗螒驎r(shí)，總是有一個(gè)目標(biāo)。它幫助我們專注于手頭的任務(wù)，激勵(lì)我們繼續(xù)比賽，直到我們贏得比賽。鍛煉也不例外。制定一個(gè)明確的健身目標(biāo))”可知，本段主要講述了為鍛煉設(shè)立一個(gè)目標(biāo)，所以B項(xiàng)“Aimtowalk10,000stepsaday,forexample.(例如，目標(biāo)是每天走1萬步)”是對(duì)前文的舉例，符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Somepeoplelovevideogamesbecausethere’salotofunexpectednessandsurprise.(有些人喜歡電子游戲是因?yàn)槟抢镉泻芏嘁馔夂腕@喜)”可知，本段主要講述在鍛煉途中安排一些驚喜，所以F項(xiàng)“Wecancopythesefeaturesintoourownfitnessgamedesigns.(我們可以將這些功能復(fù)制到自己的健身游戲設(shè)計(jì)中)”是對(duì)前文的進(jìn)一步說明，符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】分析設(shè)空，為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Inastudy,ateamofresearcherschallenged602overweightworkersfromasinglepanytotakepartinasteptrackingchallenge.Thegroupaskedtopeteagainstotherworkersendedupwalkingmorestepsthananyothergroupsinthestudy.Ifwe’reseekingasimilarmotivation,lookintofitnessprogramsthatencouragefriendlypetition.(在一項(xiàng)研究中，一組研究人員讓來自同一家公司的602名超重員工參加一項(xiàng)步數(shù)追蹤挑戰(zhàn)。被要求與其他工人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的那一組最終比研究中任何其他組走的步數(shù)都要多。如果我們也在尋找類似的動(dòng)機(jī)，那就看看鼓勵(lì)友好競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的健身項(xiàng)目吧)”可知，本段主要講述了，可以和他人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)來激勵(lì)自己，所以A項(xiàng)“peteagainstothers.(與他人競(jìng)爭(zhēng))”符合本段主題，為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】位于段首，為本段中心句，根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Teamupwithothers.(與他人合作)”可知，本段主要講述和他人合作一起鍛煉，所以G項(xiàng)“Gettingagrouptoworktogetherisalsoaneffectiveway.(讓一群人一起工作也是一種有效的方法)”符合本段主題，是對(duì)小標(biāo)題的進(jìn)一步說明。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Inthatsamestudy,anothergroupofworkerswasaskedtodivideintoteamsofthree.Eachday,onememberofthegroupwasselectedtorepresenttheentireteamwithhis/herindividualstepcountoftheday.Thisapproachencouragedeachmemberofthegrouptotrytoachievetheday’sstepgoal.(在同一項(xiàng)研究中，另一組工人被要求分成三人一組。每天，小組中選出一名成員代表整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，并提供他/她當(dāng)天的個(gè)人步數(shù)。這種方法鼓勵(lì)小組的每個(gè)成員都努力實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)天的步驟目標(biāo))”可知，D項(xiàng)“Noonewantedtolettheirteammembersdown.(沒有人想讓他們的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員失望)”是在解釋，前文提到的方法奏效的原因，符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I’mnotagoodtraveler.Withoutcuriositytogetoutand____21____,travelinghasneverbeenmystrongpoint.SightseeingisnotanexperiencethatIfind____22____:whenit’stoohot,I’munfortable;whenit’stoocold,I’munfortable.Notknowingwhatthefoodwillbelikeatnewplaceshasalwaysmademe____23____.ItwouldbekindtosaythatIhavealowsenseof____24____.SoIwas____25____aboutdoingatravelshowthatcenteredonpushingmy____26____.Butitjustgoestoshowthatwe’renevertoooldto____27____ourselves.SouthAfricawasthebiggestsurprise.Ihadneverreally____28____togoonsafari(觀獸