安徽省宣城高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題

宣城市2024屆高中畢業(yè)班第二次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名和座位號填寫在答題卡和試卷上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，務(wù)必擦凈后再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthemangettomorrow?A.Thesofa.B.Thechairs.C.Thebed.2.Wherehasthemanjustbeen?A.China.B.France.C.Russia.3.HowmanygoalsdidAikenHighscoreintotal?A.82.B.76.C.86.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.HowTommygothurt.B.WhatTommydidyesterday.C.WhenTommybrokehisarm.5.Whatdidthewoman’shusbanddolastnight?A.Heplayedsoccer.B.Hewatchedagame.C.Hewenttoamovie.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白，每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydidthemanfeelembarrassedinascene?A.Heworethewrongclothes.B.Heforgothislines.C.Hewaslatefortheperformance.7Whathappenedtothemaninthelastscene?A.Hefelloutofthebed.B.Heslippedonthefloor.C.Hefelldownthestairs.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhoisDavidprobably?A.Theman’suncle.B.Theman’sbrother.C.Theman’sson.9.Whatdoesthemanfailtodo?A.Findsomephotos.B.Sendanemail.C.Attachaform.10.WhatdoesthemanthinkofDavid?A.He’sjobless.B.He’scareless.C.He’shelpless.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdidthemanwinthistime?A.Gold.B.Silver.C.Bronze.12.Whatracedidthemanprobablyattend?A.Horseriding.B.Highjump.C.Swimming.13.Whathelpedthemanfinishtherace?A.Luck.B.Confidence.C.Determination.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’sateacher.B.He’salibrarian.C.He’satourguide.15.Wherearereferencebooksatthenewlibrary?A.Inthestudyroom.B.Inthemunityroom.C.Inthemeetingroom.16.WhatwillchildrendoatthenextmeetingoftheScienceClub?A.Carryoutexperiments.B.Learntocook.C.Readfictionbooks.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Teachingaclass.B.Reportingonasubject.C.Hostingameeting.18.Whydoesthespeakermentionthestatue?A.Topraisedogs‘braveacts.B.Tobuilddogs’reputation.C.Toshowdogs’loyalty.19.Whichdogsarerequiredtobeconfidentandgentle?A.Sheepdogs.B.Detectordogs.C.Guidedogs.20.WhyareworkingdogsneededatSydneyAirport?A.Tohelpdisabledpassengers.B.Toimproveairportsecurity.C.Toidentifyrestrictedgoods.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefourstudentpodcasts(播客)thatofferaglimpseintothemindsofstudentsandwhattheysayaboutnewsconcerningclimateintheirmunities—andwhattheyhopetodoaboutit.BehindtheScenesoftheMosquitoFireIna10episodeseries,asixthgradeclassattheGeorgetownSchoolofInnovationinGeorgetown,Calif.,sharesstoriesfromthedamagingMosquitoFirein2022.ThisgroupofeightstudentsaskstwofirefightersfromtheGeorgetownFireDepartmentwhatit’sliketofightfiresandprotectlovedonesintheirhometown.Fires:SetAblazeAtChautauquaElementary,theVashonfifthgraderstalkaboutthefarreachingandlastingimpactofwildfiresandwildfiresmoke—andthedirecteffectsontheirlives,likewaitingfortheschoolbusonasmokyday.Thestudentsalsointerviewexpertsandsharetheirresearchonwildfireprecautions(預(yù)防措施).FlowingThroughTimeInthispodcastfromPeakAcademy,agroupofeightmiddleschoolersreportsondealingwithwatershortagesinBozeman,Montana.Theytracethehistoryoftheirgrowinghometown’swatersupply,whichhasbeendependentonmountainsnowmelt.Asthatsourcebeeslessreliableinawarmingworld,thestudentsturntothegrownupstoaskwhattheycandotoconservewater.WashedAwayThedeadlyfloodingineasternKentuckylastyearforeverchangedthelivesofhighschoolersRyleyBowman,CarolinaJohnsonandHunterNoble.ThethreeclassmatesatMorganCountyHighSchoolinWestLiberty,Ky.,sharefirsthandaccountsoftheirownandtheirfamily’sexperiencesduringthefloods.1.Whoshowsinterestinfirefighters’stories?A.PeakAcademystudents. B.ChautauquaElementarystudents.C.MorganCountyHighSchoolstudents. D.GeorgetownSchoolofInnovationstudents.2.Whichpodcastshowsconcernforwaterconservation?A.WashedAway. B.Fires:SetAblaze.C.FlowingThroughTime. D.BehindtheScenesoftheMosquitoFire.3.WhatdoFires:SetAblazeandWashedAwayhaveinmon?A.Theyconsultexperts’researchresults.B.Theyexplorethecausesofclimatechange.C.Theysharestudents’personalexperiences.D.Theydiscussprecautionsfornaturaldisasters.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四個學(xué)生播客，他們關(guān)注自己社區(qū)的氣候新聞，并分享他們的觀點(diǎn)和希望采取的行動?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ina10episodeseries,asixthgradeclassattheGeorgetownSchoolofInnovationinGeorgetown,Calif.,sharesstoriesfromthedamagingMosquitoFirein2022.ThisgroupofeightstudentsaskstwofirefightersfromtheGeorgetownFireDepartmentwhatit’sliketofightfiresandprotectlovedonesintheirhometown.”（在一個10集的系列節(jié)目中，加州喬治城喬治敦創(chuàng)新學(xué)院的一個六年級班級分享了2022年破壞性的蚊子大火的故事。這組8名學(xué)生向來自喬治城消防局的兩名消防員詢問在家鄉(xiāng)救火和保護(hù)親人是什么感覺）可知，GeorgetownSchoolofInnovation的學(xué)生對消防員的故事感興趣。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FlowingThroughTime下“InthispodcastfromPeakAcademy,agroupofeightmiddleschoolersreportsondealingwithwatershortagesinBozeman,Montana.Theytracethehistoryoftheirgrowinghometown’swatersupply,whichhasbeendependentonmountainsnowmelt.Asthatsourcebeeslessreliableinawarmingworld,thestudentsturntothegrownupstoaskwhattheycandotoconservewater.”（在這個來自PeakAcademy的播客中，八個中學(xué)生報(bào)道了他們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對蒙大拿州博茲曼的水資源短缺。他們追溯了他們不斷發(fā)展的家鄉(xiāng)的供水歷史，這個供水源依賴于山上的雪水融化。隨著這個水源在全球變暖的世界中變得不可靠，學(xué)生們轉(zhuǎn)向成年人，詢問他們可以做些什么來節(jié)約水資源。）可知，F(xiàn)lowingThroughTime的播客關(guān)注水資源保護(hù)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AtChautauquaElementary,theVashonfifthgraderstalkaboutthefarreachingandlastingimpactofwildfiresandwildfiresmoke—andthedirecteffectsontheirlives,likewaitingfortheschoolbusonasmokyday.Thestudentsalsointerviewexpertsandsharetheirresearchonwildfireprecautions(預(yù)防措施).”（在肖托夸小學(xué)，瓦松小學(xué)的五年級學(xué)生談?wù)撘盎鸷鸵盎馃熿F的深遠(yuǎn)而持久的影響，以及對他們生活的直接影響，如在煙霧彌漫的日子里等校車。學(xué)生們還采訪了專家，分享了他們對野火預(yù)防措施的研究）和第五段“ThedeadlyfloodingineasternKentuckylastyearforeverchangedthelivesofhighschoolersRyleyBowman,CarolinaJohnsonandHunterNoble.ThethreeclassmatesatMorganCountyHighSchoolinWestLiberty,Ky.,sharefirsthandaccountsoftheirownandtheirfamily’sexperiencesduringthefloods.”（去年發(fā)生在肯塔基州東部的致命洪水永遠(yuǎn)地改變了高中生賴?yán)U曼、卡羅萊納·約翰遜和亨特·諾布爾的生活?？纤菸髯杂墒心Ωh高中的三名同學(xué)分享了他們自己和家人在洪水中的親身經(jīng)歷）可知，F(xiàn)ires:SetAblaze和WashedAway共同之處是他們分享學(xué)生的個人經(jīng)歷。故選C。BNowmydadisoneofthosepeoplewhoneverseemtohavemuchtroublefiguringouthowtomakemoney.Sure,MomandDadhadsometroublekeepingitforalittlewhileduringthebankruptcy(破產(chǎn))years,butbringinghomeagoodinewasneverreallyaproblem.That’sbecausemyparentshaveneverbeenconfusedaboutwheremoneyesfrom.It’ssomethingmydadhastoldmeprettymucheveryday:Moneyesfromwork.Ourculturehasmademanywonderfuladvancestoensurethesafetyandwellbeingofchildren.Butwemayhavetakenthistoofar.Manyparentstodayaresocenteredonwhattheirchildrenwantthattheyhavelostperspectiveonwhattheirchildrenreallyneed.Perspective—lookingatlifeovertime—demandsthatyouteachchildrentowork.Teachingachildtoworkisnotchildabuse.Weteachthemtoworknotforourbenefit,butbecauseitgivesthembothdignityinajobwelldonetodayandthetoolsandcharactertowininthefutureasadults.Youshouldviewteachingyourchildrentoworkinthesamewayyouviewteachingthemtobatheandbrushtheirteeth—asanecessaryskillforlife.Ifyourchildgraduatesfromhighschoolandhisonlyskillsetconsistsofplayingvideogames,plainingandeatingjunkfood,thenyouhavesethimuptofail.Anotherhugebenefitofteachingachildthewonderofworkisthatshewilltendtostayawayfrompeoplewhorefusetowork.Whyisthisgood?BecauseyouwantyourdaughtertomarryMr.Right,notMr.Lazy.Sotrainupachildinthewayheshouldgo,andwhenheisold,hewillnotgoawayfromit.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sdad?A.Generous. B.Hardworking.C.Considerate. D.Confident.5.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatareparentstodaysupposedtodo?A.Toinstructchildrentowork. B.Tofocusonchildren’sneeds.C.Toensurechildren’swellbeing. D.Tomaintainthedignityofchildren.6.What’sthebenefitchildrencangetfromwork?A.Gettingridofbadhabits. B.Helpingsupportthefamily.C.Learningtousemoneywisely. D.Keepingawayfromlazypeople.7.Whichcolumndoesthetextpossiblyefrom?A.Careerplanning. B.Parentaleducation.C.Financialmanagement. D.Parentchildrelationship.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。短文主要講述的是作者的父親對于工作的看法，以及作者對于教育孩子工作的重要性的觀點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It’ssomethingmydadhastoldmeprettymucheveryday:Moneyesfromwork.”（這是我父親幾乎每天都告訴我的事情：錢來自工作。）可推知，作者的父親是一個勤奮工作的人，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Perspective—lookingatlifeovertime—demandsthatyouteachchildrentowork.”（從長遠(yuǎn)的角度看待生活，這要求你教會孩子工作。）和“ Weteachthemtoworknotforourbenefit,butbecauseitgivesthembothdignityinajobwelldonetodayandthetoolsandcharactertowininthefutureasadults.”（我們教他們工作不是為了我們的利益，而是因?yàn)檫@給了他們今天出色工作的尊嚴(yán)，也給了他們成年后在未來獲勝的工具和品格。）可推知，現(xiàn)在的父母應(yīng)該教孩子工作，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Anotherhugebenefitofteachingachildthewonderofworkisthatshewilltendtostayawayfrompeoplewhorefusetowork.Whyisthisgood?BecauseyouwantyourdaughtertomarryMr.Right,notMr.Lazy.”（教孩子工作的另一個巨大好處是，她會傾向于遠(yuǎn)離拒絕工作的人。為什么這很好？因?yàn)槟阆胱屇愕呐畠杭藿o真命天子，而不是懶漢。）可推知，孩子從工作中可以得到的好處是遠(yuǎn)離懶惰的人，故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Manyparentstodayaresocenteredonwhattheirchildrenwantthattheyhavelostperspectiveonwhattheirchildrenreallyneed.Perspective—lookingatlifeovertime—demandsthatyouteachchildrentowork.”（如今，許多父母都過于關(guān)注孩子想要什么，而忽略了孩子真正需要什么。從長遠(yuǎn)的角度看待生活，這要求你教會孩子工作。）和最后一段“Sotrainupachildinthewayheshouldgo,andwhenheisold,hewillnotgoawayfromit.”（所以要訓(xùn)練一個孩子走他應(yīng)該走的路，當(dāng)他老了，他不會離開這條路。）可知，短文主要講述的是作者的父親對于工作的看法，以及作者對于教育孩子工作的重要性的觀點(diǎn)。所以短文來自于“父母的教育”。故選B。CJulywasthehottestmonthonrecordglobally.HightemperaturesandseriouswildfireshavesweptacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.Oceanicheatwavesaredamagingtheworld’sthirdlargestcoralreefoffFlorida.Andasthelevelsofgreenhousegasescontinuetoincrease,itmeansmanyevenhottersummerslieahead.Lastweek,theUnitedNationsSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterrescoinedanewterm.Thetimeof“globalwarming”hasended,heannounced,andthetimeof“globalboiling”hasarrived.Butcriticshavestronglydisagreedwiththephrase.Atonelevel,“globalboiling”isclearlyanoverstatement,but“globalwarming”isnowfartooweakadescription.Manyclimatescientistshavepushedfortheterm“globalheating”tobeusedinpreference.Similarly,phrasessuchas“climatecrisis”haven’treceivedenoughattention.That’sbecausemanyofusstillfeelwehaven’tseenthiscrisiswithourowneyes.Butthatischanging.Inthepastfewyears,extremeweatherandrelevanteventshavestruckmanycountries.Australia’sBlackSummerbroughtwildfiresthatburnedanareathesizeoftheUnitedKingdom.Germanysufferedseriousfloodingin2021.The2022floodinPakistanfloodedlargepartsofthecountry.Chinahasseenbothdroughtsandfloods.TerribledroughtshavehittheHornofAfricaformanyyears.Indiahasstoppedriceexportsduetodamagefromheavyrain.Criticsofclimateactionoftenplainaboutwhattheyseeastheoveruseof“crisistalk”.Ifeverythingisacrisis,nothingisacrisis.WhenGuterresusesdeeplyimpactfulphrases,he’snotinvitingustoimagineaHollywoodstyledisaster.Whathe’shopingistomakepeoplelistenandact—nowwecanseewhatclimatechangelookslike.Aretherebetterphrasestodescribethis?Possibly.Takethechallengeyourself:canyouthinkupabrief,correctphrasetocoverworseninglocalandregionalscaledroughts,fires,typhoonsandfloods;damagetocropsandfoodsafety;watershortages;existentialthreatstocoralreefsandlowlyingmunities?Youcanseehowharditis.8Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coined”inparagraph2mean?A.Explained. B.Invented.C.Valued. D.Accepted.9.Whatdocriticsthinkoftheterm“globalboiling”?A.Itisoverused. B.Itisexaggerated.C.Itislackinginenoughattention. D.Itistooweaktodescribetheproblem.10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Climatecrisesareworsening. B.Severalcriseswillbesolved.C.Peoplewillfacefoodshortages. D.Peoplearetakingeffectivemeasures.11.WhatisGuterres’shopeinusingdeeplyimpactfulphrases?A.Toscarepeopleintotakingimmediateaction.B.ToentertainreaderswithHollywoodstylestories.C.Toprovideamoreaccuratedescriptionofglobalwarming.D.Tomakepeopleawareoftheseverityoftheclimatecrisis.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞稿。文章主要講述，隨著氣候變化，“全球沸騰”的時(shí)代到來了?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第二段“Lastweek,theUnitedNationsSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterrescoinedanewterm.Thetimeof‘globalwarming’hasended,heannounced,andthetimeof‘globalboiling’hasarrived.(上周，聯(lián)合國秘書長安東尼奧·古特雷斯coined一個新術(shù)語。他宣布，‘全球變暖’的時(shí)代已經(jīng)結(jié)束，‘全球沸騰’的時(shí)代到來了。)”可知，這里應(yīng)指安東尼奧·古特雷斯“創(chuàng)造”出一個新術(shù)語。所以猜測coined表“創(chuàng)造”的意思。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Butcriticshavestronglydisagreedwiththephrase.Atonelevel,‘globalboiling’isclearlyanoverstatement,but‘globalwarming’isnowfartooweakadescription.(但批評者強(qiáng)烈反對這個說法。在某種程度上，‘全球變暖’顯然是夸大其詞，但現(xiàn)在對‘全球升溫’的描述太弱了。)”可知，批評者認(rèn)為用“全球沸騰”一詞把實(shí)際情況夸大了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Butthatischanging.Inthepastfewyears,extremeweatherandrelevanteventshavestruckmanycountries.Australia’sBlackSummerbroughtwildfiresthatburnedanareathesizeoftheUnitedKingdom.Germanysufferedseriousfloodingin2021.The2022floodinPakistanfloodedlargepartsofthecountry.Chinahasseenbothdroughtsandfloods.TerribledroughtshavehittheHornofAfricaformanyyears.Indiahasstoppedriceexportsduetodamagefromheavyrain.(但這種情況正在改變。在過去幾年中，極端天氣和相關(guān)事件襲擊了許多國家。澳大利亞的黑夏帶來了野火，燒毀了相當(dāng)于英國大小的地區(qū)。2021年，德國遭遇嚴(yán)重洪災(zāi)。2022年巴基斯坦的洪水淹沒了該國大部分地區(qū)。中國經(jīng)歷了旱災(zāi)和水災(zāi)。多年來，可怕的干旱襲擊了非洲之角。由于暴雨造成的損失，印度已經(jīng)停止了大米出口。)”可知，氣候危機(jī)正在惡化。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第六段“WhenGuterresusesdeeplyimpactfulphrases,he’snotinvitingustoimagineaHollywoodstyledisaster.Whathe’shopingistomakepeoplelistenandact—nowwecanseewhatclimatechangelookslike.(當(dāng)古特雷斯使用極具影響力的短語時(shí)，他并不是在邀請我們想象一場好萊塢式的災(zāi)難。他希望的是讓人們傾聽并采取行動——現(xiàn)在我們可以看到氣候變化是什么樣子了。)”可知，古特雷斯希望使用極具影響力的短語，讓人們意識到氣候危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重性。故選D項(xiàng)。DLivinginacity,youmayfacefewerparkingspaces,morepollution,lesspersonalspace,andmoretrafficandnoise,allofwhichcontributetohigherstresslevels,oftentranslatingtoaggression(攻擊行為).Andnow,researchershavefoundevidencethatthisbehaviorappliestosongsparrows(歌雀)too.Butiteswithasurprisingbenefittotheyoungestgenerationofcitysparrows.Therearefewercitylivingsongsparrowsthaninthecountryside.However,theincreasedaggressionobservedinthemalescanbeconnectedtoamorepressingneedtodefendterritoriesinurbansettings.Butthatincreasedaggressiondoesn’tmeanthemalesfailintheirdutiesasfathers.Infact,theresearchersweresurprisedtofindthattheoppositemaybetrue.“Malesongbirdsarethoughttoreduceparentalcarewhentheyaremoreaggressive.Yetthisstudyshowedthaturbanmalesongsparrowsprovidedmorecarefortheiryoung,”saysDrSamuelLane,leadauthorofthestudy.“Againstourexpectations,wefoundthattheyvisitednestsmoreoftenandweremoresuccessfulparentsthanthemalesinthecountryside.”TheresearcherscarriedouttheirstudiesatsixsitesacrosssouthwestVirginia,USA,acrossfourbreeding(繁殖)seasons.Theyfoundthatthehighsurvivalrateoftheirchickswassubjecttomanyfactors.Notonlydidmalesparrowsvisittheirnestsmoreoften,buttheyalsobeganfeedingchicksearlierintheday.Despitethechallengesofbeingacitybird,hatchingsuccesswasobservedtobehigherinurbanhabitats.Andeventhoughbroodparasitism,onespecieslayingeggsinthenestofanother,istypicallyhigherinurbanareas,theresearchersobservedthatratesofnestpredation,theactofotheranimalseatingeggsoryoungbirds,werelower,furthercontributingtotheoverallnestingsuccessofthesesparrows.Lanesaid,“Ourstudyaddstogrowingevidencethatcertainspeciesofsongbirdsevenbenefitfromlivinginurbanenvironmentswhenthereisenoughgreenspaceforthemtofindfoodandnestlocations.”Theteamhopeongoingresearchinthisareawillcontributetotheestablishmentofurbanenvironmentsaimedatofferingimprovedsupportforwildlife.12.Whatcausestheincreasedaggressionofmalecitysparrows?A.Thestressofprotectingtheirterritories.B.Theworseningofurbannoisepollution.C.Thechallengesofbuildingtheirnests.D.Thegrowingneedsofyoungergenerations.13.Whathadtheresearchersexpectedofurbanmalesparedtothoseinthecountryside?A.Theylivedshorterlives. B.Theyhadahigherpopulation.C.Theyhadlowernestattendance. D.Theywokeupearlierinthemorning.14.Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinurbanareasaccordingtothestudy?A.Highernestlocations. B.Reducedbroodparasitism.C.Limitedbreedingseasons. D.Lowernestpredationrates.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CityMaleBirdsDoItAll B.AggressiveBirdsSurpriseScientistsC.BigCityLifeMakesBirdsBetterDads D.TheFutureofCityBirdsLiesinOurHands【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述城市壓力讓雄性歌雀更具有攻擊性，但這也為它們成為更好的父親，在城市的持續(xù)繁衍帶來了好處?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Therearefewercitylivingsongsparrowsthaninthecountryside.However,theincreasedaggressionobservedinthemalescanbeconnectedtoamorepressingneedtodefendterritoriesinurbansettings.(城市里活著的歌麻雀比農(nóng)村少。然而，在雄性歌雀身上觀察到的攻擊性增加可能與在城市環(huán)境中更迫切地需要保衛(wèi)領(lǐng)土有關(guān)。)”可知，保護(hù)領(lǐng)地的壓力導(dǎo)致雄性城市麻雀的攻擊性增加。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Againstourexpectations,wefoundthattheyvisitednestsmoreoftenandweremoresuccessfulparentsthanthemalesinthecountryside(與我們的預(yù)期相反，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)它們比農(nóng)村的雄性更經(jīng)常去巢穴，而且是更成功的父母)”可知，研究人員原本預(yù)計(jì)，與農(nóng)村歌雀相比，城市雄性的歌雀對巢里幼崽照顧率較低，不能成為很好的父親。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“Andeventhoughbroodparasitism,onespecieslayingeggsinthenestofanother,istypicallyhigherinurbanareas,theresearchersobservedthatratesofnestpredation,theactofotheranimalseatingeggsoryoungbirds,werelower,furthercontributingtotheoverallnestingsuccessofthesesparrows.(盡管在城市地區(qū)，一個物種在另一個物種的巢穴中產(chǎn)卵的窩寄生率通常較高，但研究人員觀察到，巢穴捕食率（其它動物吃蛋或幼鳥的行為）較低，這進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了這些麻雀的整體筑巢成功。)”可知，研究表明，城市地區(qū)的巢穴捕食率較低。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段“Therearefewercitylivingsongsparrowsthaninthecountryside.However,theincreasedaggressionobservedinthemalescanbeconnectedtoamorepressingneedtodefendterritoriesinurbansettings.Butthatincreasedaggressiondoesn’tmeanthemalesfailintheirdutiesasfathers.Infact,theresearchersweresurprisedtofindthattheoppositemaybetrue.(城市里活著的歌雀比農(nóng)村少。然而，在雄性歌雀身上觀察到的攻擊性增加可能與在城市環(huán)境中更迫切地需要保衛(wèi)領(lǐng)土有關(guān)。但這種攻擊性的增加并不意味著雄性不能履行父親的職責(zé)。事實(shí)上，研究人員驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，情況可能恰恰相反。)”以及上下文可知，文章講述城市壓力讓雄性歌雀更具有攻擊性，但這也為它們成為更好的父親，在城市的持續(xù)繁衍帶來了好處。所以C項(xiàng)BigCityLifeMakesBirdsBetterDads(大城市生活讓鳥成為更好的爸爸)符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Atfirstglance,itseemstobeDutchpainterJohannesVermeer’smasterpieceGirlwithaPearlEarring.____16____Wearingtwoglowingearrings,there’saslightlyinhumanshadeofredonthegirl’sface.Lookstrange?____17____Chosenfrom3,482submittedimagesbasedontheVermeermasterpiece,theAlgeneratedworkwasdisplayedattheMauritshuisMuseumintheNetherlandsinMarch.ThedesignerlookedontheexperienceofliterallyreplacingthefamouspaintingbyoneofhisAIimagescrazyandpletelysurreal.____18____ThoughMauritshuispressofficerBorisdeMunnickinsistedthatitwasanicepictureandacreativeprocess,manypeoplequestionedwhetheritcouldbecalledartandifitwasqualifiedtobeshowninthemuseumgallery.____19____ItwasregardedasadisrespectforthemasterpieceofVermeerandalsoforanyworkingartist.Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavedebatedAI’sroleincreativity.____20____ButthetechnologyhasnowbeewidelyavailableforregulareverydayuseandthepracticeofusingAIimagegeneratorstomakearthasbeemoremon.A.ingfromamuseum,it’sreallyembarrassing.B.However,theAIimageraisedafierceargument.C.Butlookmorecloselyandyoumayfindsomethingdifferentaboutit.D.OnemonconcerniswhetherAIgeneratedworksbreakcopyrightlaws.E.DutchartistIrispietdescribedtheimageondisplayasalmostFrankensteinish.F.It’sactuallyanimagemadebyBerlinbaseddesignerJulianvanDiekenusingartificialintelligence.G.TheemergenceofsuchAIworksisbelievedbymanytoweakentheenthusiasmofartistswithcreativeskills.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了藝術(shù)家JulianvanDieken應(yīng)用人工智能創(chuàng)造畫作并展覽?！?6題詳解】由上文“Atfirstglance,itseemstobeDutchpainterJohannesVermeer’smasterpieceGirlwithaPearlEarring.(乍一看，這似乎是荷蘭畫家約翰內(nèi)斯·維米爾的杰作《戴珍珠耳環(huán)的少女》)”可知，這里描述這幅畫乍一看像名畫，而C項(xiàng)Butlookmorecloselyandyoumayfindsomethingdifferentaboutit.(但仔細(xì)觀察，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些不同之處。)符合語境，其中but表示和前文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而后文也在解釋somethingdifferent的不同之處，所以本句有承上啟下作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由下文“Chosenfrom3,482submittedimagesbasedontheVermeermasterpiece,theAIgeneratedworkwasdisplayedattheMauritshuisMuseumintheNetherlandsinMarch.(這幅由AI創(chuàng)作的作品是根據(jù)維米爾的杰作從3482幅提交的圖像中挑選出來的，于3月在荷蘭的Maurithuis博物館展出)”可知，這里主要講這幅畫是用AI創(chuàng)造出來的。而F項(xiàng)It’sactuallyanimagemadebyBerlinbaseddesignerJulianvanDiekenusingartificialintelligence.(這實(shí)際上是柏林設(shè)計(jì)師JulianvanDieken利用人工智能制作的圖像。)符合語境，其中usingartificialintelligence與下文AIgeneratedwork呼應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】由下文“ThoughMauritshuispressofficerBorisdeMunnickinsistedthatitwasanicepictureandacreativeprocess,manypeoplequestionedwhetheritcouldbecalledartandifitwasqualifiedtobeshowninthemuseumgallery.(盡管Mauritshuis新聞官BorisdeMunnick堅(jiān)稱這是一幅很好的畫，也是一個創(chuàng)作過程，但許多人質(zhì)疑它是否可以被稱為藝術(shù)，以及它是否有資格在博物館畫廊展出)”可知，此處主要講人們對這幅畫存在爭議。而B項(xiàng)However,theAIimageraisedafierceargument.(然而，人工智能圖像引發(fā)了激烈的爭論。)符合語境，其中afierceargument與下文內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由下文“ItwasregardedasadisrespectforthemasterpieceofVermeerandalsoforanyworkingartist.(這被認(rèn)為是對維米爾杰作的不尊重，也是對任何藝術(shù)家的不尊重)”可知，這里主要講一些人不認(rèn)可這幅畫，而E項(xiàng)DutchartistIrispietdescribedtheimageondisplayasalmostFrankensteinish.(荷蘭藝術(shù)家Irispiet將展出的畫描述為幾乎是弗蘭肯斯坦式的（科學(xué)怪人樣的）)符合語境，其中theimageondisplay為后文it的指代內(nèi)容，所以本句話有啟下作用。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】由下文“ButthetechnologyhasnowbeewidelyavailableforregulareverydayuseandthepracticeofusingAIimagegeneratorstomakearthasbeemoremon.(但這項(xiàng)技術(shù)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)廣泛用于日常生活，使用人工智能圖像生成器制作藝術(shù)的做法也變得越來越普遍)”可知，這里講這項(xiàng)技術(shù)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)廣泛用于日常生活，而G項(xiàng)TheemergenceofsuchAIworksisbelievedbymanytoweakentheenthusiasmofartistswithcreativeskills.(許多人認(rèn)為，此類人工智能作品的出現(xiàn)削弱了具有創(chuàng)作技能的藝術(shù)家的熱情。)符合語境，這里主要講人工智能作品的弊端，與后文形成對比關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Itwashardnottonoticethe8yearoldboyacrossthestreet,whostormedinandoutofhisownhouse.WilliamDunn,aneighbor,____21____whatwasgoingoninthelittleboy’slife.He____22____theremightbesomethinghecoulddoforhimaftertheboy’saccountofhisfather’sdeath.Thatsomethingwasfishing.A____23____Dunn’sfatherhadsharedwithhim.“Fishingalways____24____mepeaceanditteachesmehowtobe____25____.Whenyou’reonthewater,youcanforgetaboutyourproblemsandjust____26____themoment.”Dunn,whohasthreechildrenofhisown,got____27____fromtheboy’smothertotakehimfishing.OneSaturdayafternoononthewater____28____toanother,andsoonhewasteachingtheboyintheirLakeland,Florida,howtorigaline(安裝魚線),____29____apole,andwindthelineinabigcatch.Sincethen,Dunnhastakengroupsofkidsoutalmosteveryweekendtofish.They’dgonethroughalot,andtheirlivesweredifficult.Butwhentheywerefishing,allofthat____30____.Jayden,now13,asoneofthekids,hasbeea____31____fishermanandcreditedDunnwithhelpinghimmature,whenhe’dbeenthrougharoughride.He____32____itwhenhesaidthankyoutoDunn.Dunn’sownfatherpassedawaythispastDecember.____33____,thefishingtripshave____34____newmeaningforhim.“IhaveevenmorepassionforitbecausenowIamfatherlesstoo,andthereisnothinglikefeelingthatfirstpullonthelineandseeingakidlightupwithasmile.”Dunnsays.“Ifeelluckyto____35____that.”21.A.doubted B.wondered C.explained D.observed22.A.admitted B.achieved C.anticipated D.realized23.A.passion B.duty C.habit D.routine24.A.turns B.drives C.brings D.proves25.A.patient B.helpful C.thoughtful D.curious26.A.imagine B.appreciate C.describe D.celebrate27.A.courage B.appeal C.advice D.permission28.A.expanded B.increased C.led D.followed29.A.support B.fix C.move D.hold30.A.fadedaway B.brokeaway C.tookaway D.putaway31.A.selfish B.devoted C.curious D.humorous32.A.proposed B.indicated C.meant D.thought33.A.Aboveall B.Asaresult C.Inaddition D.Inshort34.A.takenon B.puton C.calledon D.carriedon35.A.proceed B.acplish C.witness D.perform【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了WilliamDunn如何發(fā)現(xiàn)一位八歲小男孩因父親去世而生活艱難，便邀請他一起去釣魚，幫助小男孩找到生活的樂趣和安寧。自那以后，Dunn幾乎每個周末都會帶一群孩子去釣魚，讓他們暫時(shí)忘記生活的困苦。?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：鄰居威廉·鄧恩（WilliamDunn）想知道小男孩的生活發(fā)生了什么。A.doubted懷疑；B.wondered想知道；C.explained解釋；D.observed觀察。由下文“whatwasgoingoninthelittleboy’slife”可知，這里表示鄧恩“想知道”小男孩的生活中發(fā)生了什么。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他意識到，在男孩講述了他父親的死訊后，他可能會為自己做點(diǎn)什么。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.achieved取得；C.anticipated預(yù)期；D.realized意識到。由下文“hecoulddoforhim”可知，這里表示鄧恩“意識到”他能為這孩子做些事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鄧恩的父親和他有著共同的愛好。A.passion激情，愛好；B.duty職責(zé)；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.routine常規(guī)。由下文“Fishingalways4mepeaceanditteachesme”可知，釣魚是鄧恩的父親和他有著共同的“愛好”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：釣魚總是給我?guī)砥届o，它教會我如何保持耐心。A.turns轉(zhuǎn)身；B.drives開車；C.brings帶來；D.proves證明。由下文“mepeace”可知，這里表示釣魚可以給鄧恩“帶來”平靜。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：釣魚總是給我?guī)砥届o，它教會我如何保持耐心。A.patient耐心的；B.helpful有幫助的；C.thoughtful深思熟慮的；D.curious好奇的。由上文“fishing”以及常識可知，釣魚可以讓人更有“耐心”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你在水上時(shí)，你可以忘記你的問題，只需重視這一刻。A.imagine想象；B.appreciate感謝，重