2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit5Revealingnature預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道2學(xué)案外研版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEUnit5RevealingnatureⅠ.匹配詞義a．單詞匹配()1.worldwide A．n.殺蟲劑，農(nóng)藥()2.giant B．n.(古代的)神話()3.myth C．n.傳聞，傳奇(故事)()4.legend D．a(chǎn)dj.巨大的，特大的()5.pesticide E．a(chǎn)dv.遍及全世界[答案]1－5EDBCAb．短語匹配()1municatewith A．把……和……連接起來()2.tinyamountsof B．趕跑，使離去()3.driveaway C．在某種程度上()4.insomeways D．與……溝通()5.link...to E．少量的[答案]1－5DEBCAⅡ.默寫單詞1．goatn． 山羊2．characteristicn. 特征，特性3．declinev. 削減4．rootn. 根5．detectv. 發(fā)覺，察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)6．linkv. 把……聯(lián)系起來；連接7．primitiveadj. 原始的，低等的8．blamev. 指責(zé)，指責(zé)；把……歸咎于9．centimetren. 厘米Ⅰ.語境填空primitive，detect，characteristic，link，root，centimetre，decline，legend，giant，blame1．Thecoldweathermayaccountforthedeclineintheflowofcustomersintheshoppingmall.2．Theconditionsinthelocalschoolwerefairlyprimitive，withoutelectricityandbasicteachingtools.3．Theairplanecrashcastagiantshadowontravellers.4．Theabilitytomakeandusetoolsisoneofthebasiccharacteristicsofhumans.5．Nothisteacherbutthestudenthimselfistoblameforthefailureintheexam.6．Weneedtofindouttherootoftheproblembeforewesolveit.7．Therearemanywonderfullegendsaboutthisfamoushero.8．Dogscandetectsoundsbeyondhumans'hearinglimit.9．Sharksintheseavaryinsizefromjust20centimetresto14metres.10．AsiaandEurope，beingtwodifferentareas，arelinkedtogetherbymountainsandrivers.Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．Noneofusisentirelyblameless(blame)inthismatter.2．I'mafraidsomethinghasbeenprimitively(primitive)programmed.3．Earlydetection(detect)ofcancersisveryimportant.4．Hehadarootless(root)childhoodmovingfromtowntotown.1．Thishappenswhenaplant，sayabeanplant，getsattackedbyinsects.這種溝通發(fā)生在某種植物，比如一棵豆秧，受到昆蟲侵害的時(shí)候。2．Someplantsmakenoiseswiththeirroots.有些植物用根發(fā)出響聲。3．Achilliplantcantellifaneighbouringplantishelpful，orunfriendly.一棵辣椒秧可以辨別出鄰近的植物是有益的還是不友好的。詞語助讀①mythn．(古代的)神話②legendn．傳聞，傳奇(故事)legendaryadj.傳聞中的；特別聞名的③aswellas又，和，也(常用于連接兩個(gè)并列的成分)④AlexandertheGreat亞歷山大大帝[1]此處為“主語＋be＋said＋不定式”句型。⑤fantasyn．[U]幻想，想象[2]畫線部分為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作believing的賓語。[3]本句中的it作句子的主語，無實(shí)際意義。appears是系動(dòng)詞，其后的that則引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表語從句。⑥r(nóng)evealvt.顯示；透露；揭露revealthetruth/thesecret揭露真相/泄露隱私⑦chemicaln.[C]化學(xué)制品，化學(xué)品adj.化學(xué)的[4]本句中的it在句中作形式主語，真正的主語是后面由that引導(dǎo)的從句。⑧releasevt.釋放⑨detectv．發(fā)覺，察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)detectiven．[C]偵探⑩driveaway趕跑，使離去?waspn．黃蜂?pesticiden.殺蟲劑，農(nóng)藥?rootn．根?chillin．辣椒?tellvt.辨別，識(shí)別tellAfromB辨別A和BtellthedifferencebetweenAandB辨別出A與B的區(qū)分?indicatevt.&vi.表明；顯示indicationn．[C，U]顯示；表明；標(biāo)示[5]此處when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”；indicating...arriving是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。?linkv．把……聯(lián)系起來；連接?insomeways在某種程度上[6]此處While為并列連詞，表示對(duì)比關(guān)系，意為“而，然而”。?undergroundadv.在地下；adj.地下的?fungusn．真菌(復(fù)數(shù)fungi)fungaladj.真菌的；真菌引起的[7]此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語。eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))versionn.[C]型式，版本eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))cybercrimen．網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪[8]畫線部分為“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句；此處介詞in由先行詞ways的搭配確定。原文呈現(xiàn)TheSecretLanguageofPlants1．Talkingplantshavelongbeenathingofmyths①andlegends②.Manycultureshavestoriesoftalkingtreesthatgiveadviceaswellas③warningstopeople.AlexandertheGreat④andMarcoPoloweresaidtohavevisitedsuchatreeinIndia.[1]Andinsomemodernstories，suchasthefilmAvatar，treescancommunicatewithanimalsandpeople.2．Withuslongbelievingthattalkingplantsarefantasy⑤[2]，newresearchhasrevealed⑥somethingamazing：itappearsthatplantscancommunicateafterall[3]．3．Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatplantsusechemicals⑦tocommunicatewitheachother.[4]Thishappenswhenaplant，sayabeanplant，getsattackedbyinsects.Theplantreleases⑧tinyamountsofchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.Thisislikeawarning，oracallforhelp：“I'mbeingattacked！”Whenanotherbeanplantdetects⑨t(yī)hechemicalsfromitsinjuredneighbour，itstartstoreleaseitsown，differentchemicals.Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway⑩.Othersattractinsects—thewasps?！Thewaspskilltheinsectsthatareeatingthebeanplants.Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem，sothatwecanuseittogrowcropswithoutpesticides?.4．Moresurprisingly，plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.Peoplecan'thearthesesounds，butplantsaremakingthem.Someplantsmakenoiseswiththeirroots?.Cornandchilliplantsdothis.Theyalso“l(fā)isten”tothenoisesfromotherplants.Achilli?plantcantell?ifaneighbouringplantishelpful，orunfriendly.Sometreesmakeclickingnoiseswhenthereisnotenoughwater，indicating?droughtisarriving.[5]5．Mostsurprisinglyofall，plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlink?nearlyeveryplantinaforest.Scientistscallthissystemthe“woodwideweb”．Itisinsomeways?similartotheInternetweuse.WhiletheInternetisaworldwidenetworkofcomputerslinkedbycablesandsatellites[6]，thewoodwidewebislinkedunderground?byfungi?.Thisfungalnetworklinkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.Usingthewoodwideweb[7]，plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.Forexample，somepinetreescansendfoodtosmallerpinetreestohelpthemgrow.ButjustlikeourownInternet，thewoodwidewebhasitsownversioneq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(21)))of“cybercrimeeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(22)))”．Plantscanstealfoodfromeachother，orspreadpoisonstoattackotherplants.Perhapsonedayscientistswilllearnhowtocreatea“firewall”tohelppreventtheseattackswithinthewoodwideweb.6．Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother[8]．Whoknows？Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto“talk”withthemourselves.譯文參考植物的隱私語言1．會(huì)說話的植物許久以來都存在于神話和傳聞當(dāng)中。很多文化里都有會(huì)說話的樹給人們警告和建議的故事。據(jù)說亞歷山大大帝和馬可·波羅曾在印度參觀過這樣一棵樹。在一些現(xiàn)代故事中，像電影《阿凡達(dá)》，樹木可以與動(dòng)物和人溝通。2．我們?cè)S久以來都認(rèn)為，會(huì)說話的植物存在于幻想里，不過新的探討揭示了驚人的發(fā)覺：植物還是可以進(jìn)行溝通的。3．人們對(duì)植物運(yùn)用化學(xué)物質(zhì)相互溝通的了解已經(jīng)有些時(shí)日了。這種溝通發(fā)生在某種植物，比如一棵豆秧，受到昆蟲侵害的時(shí)候。受侵害的植物從正被啃食的葉