中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法突破課件：專(zhuān)題五介詞

專(zhuān)題五介詞中考考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)突破

考點(diǎn)

1時(shí)間介詞以下是初中階段需要掌握的時(shí)間介詞。

介詞用法示例at用在某個(gè)時(shí)刻或黎明、正午、黃昏、午夜前。at

noon在正午on用在具體的某一天或者某一天的某一段時(shí)間前。on

a

cold

day在寒冷的一天in表示在一段時(shí)間里(在將來(lái)時(shí)句子中則表示在一段時(shí)間之后)。in

three

days三天后介詞用法示例after后跟具體時(shí)刻，表示“在……時(shí)刻之后”，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)；后跟時(shí)間段，多用于過(guò)去時(shí)。after

6：00六點(diǎn)之后for后跟一段時(shí)間，表示“(延續(xù))……之久”。fortwoyears兩年了since后加時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過(guò)去時(shí)的句子，表示“自從(過(guò)去某時(shí))以來(lái)”。since

2021自2021年以來(lái)before表示“在……之前”。before

dinner晚飯前by表示“到……為止”。by

six

o’clock到6點(diǎn)為止(1)方位介詞in、on與to的區(qū)別包含在整體內(nèi)部的用介詞in，接壤用介詞on，相鄰用介詞to。如圖所示：BisintheeastofA.

CisontheeastofA.

DistotheeastofC.

(2)“上下”介詞on、above、over、below、under的區(qū)別①on意為“在……上面”，表示兩者接觸。②above意為“在……的上方”，表示兩者不接觸，其反義詞為below(在……的下方)。③over意為“在……正上方”，表示兩者不接觸，其反義詞為under(在……正下方)?？键c(diǎn)

2方位介詞考點(diǎn)

3方式介詞介詞用法byby+表示交通工具的名詞“by+動(dòng)詞-ing形式”表示“通過(guò)……方式”inin+語(yǔ)言類(lèi)名詞或工具的具體類(lèi)型ononTV/theradio表示“通過(guò)電視/收音機(jī)”with表示“用”某種工具、身體的某一部位或器官考點(diǎn)

4介詞的常見(jiàn)固定搭配(1)介詞+名詞

介詞短語(yǔ)atat

home在家；at

night在晚上；at

sea在海上；at

the

same

time同時(shí)；at

school在上學(xué)；at

the

beginning

of在……的開(kāi)端；at

the

end

of在……的盡頭byby

hand手工，親手交付；by

the

way順便說(shuō)一下；by

accident/chance偶然；by

bike騎自行車(chē)；by

mistake錯(cuò)誤地inin

a

hurry匆忙，急忙；in

a

low

voice小聲地；in

fact事實(shí)上；in

a

word總而言之；in

life一生中；in(the)front

of在……前面；in

public當(dāng)眾；in

the

end最后；in

time及時(shí)；in

trouble處于困境；in

a

row連續(xù)幾次地；in

common共有；in

order

to為了；in

silence沉默地；in

surprise吃驚地；in

the

future在將來(lái)；in

person親自介詞短語(yǔ)onon

business出差；on

duty值日；on

foot步行；on

one’s

way

to在某人去……的路上；on

show展出；on

the

left/right在左/右邊；on

time準(zhǔn)時(shí)；on

the

top

of在……的頂部；on

earth究竟outout

of

breath上氣不接下氣；out

of

work失業(yè)其他as

a

result因此；for

example例如；to

one’s

surprise令某人吃驚的是；with

a

smile帶著微笑；without

breakfast沒(méi)吃早餐(2)be+形容詞或分詞+介詞be

afraid

of害怕……be

angry

with

sb.生某人的氣be

bad

for對(duì)……有害處be

born

in出生于……be

busy

with忙于……be

different

from與……不同be

famous

for因……而出名be

filled

with充滿(mǎn)……be

full

of充滿(mǎn)……be

good

at擅長(zhǎng)……be

harmful

to對(duì)……有害be

interested

in對(duì)……感興趣be

late

for遲到be

pleased

with

sb.對(duì)某人感到滿(mǎn)意be

proud

of為……驕傲；感到自豪be

ready

for為……做好準(zhǔn)備be

satisfied

with

sth.對(duì)某事感到滿(mǎn)意be

serious

about對(duì)……認(rèn)真be

short

of短缺be

sorry

for為……感到慚愧/難過(guò)be

sure

of/about確信；對(duì)……有把握be

strict

with

sb.對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格be

strict

in

sth.對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格be

surprised

at對(duì)……感到驚奇、詫異be

thankful

to對(duì)……感激be

tired

of對(duì)……感到厭煩be

used

to習(xí)慣于……be

worried

about為……擔(dān)心be

covered

with被……覆蓋be

friendly

to對(duì)……友好(3)動(dòng)詞+介詞ask

for請(qǐng)求

get

to到達(dá)get

on/off上/下車(chē)

fall

off從……落下pay

for付錢(qián)

point

at指向talk

about談?wù)?/p>

wait

for等候write

to給……寫(xiě)信

worry

about擔(dān)心fall

behind落在……后面Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—I’mthirsty.I’dlikeaglassoforangejuice.Whataboutyou，Betty？—Ipreferacupoftea

nothinginit.

A.toB.forC.with2.—ThenewChengdu-KunmingRailwaywasopenedtotrafficinDecember，2022.—Yes，it’sveryconvenientnow.Ittakesusaboutthreehours

ChengdutoXichangonahigh-speedtrain.

A.betweenB.fromC.in3.TheearthquakeinTürkiye(土耳其)happened

February6，2023.

A.onB.inC.at4.Manythanks

yourgift.Iloveit.

A.inB.ofC.forC

A

B

專(zhuān)項(xiàng)能力檢測(cè)

C

5.DengQingming，anastronautofShenzhou-15，achievedhisdream

manyyears’hardwork.

A.withoutB.throughC.about6.PleasebringMs.Steentothewelcomeparty

tellinghersothatshecanbesurprised.

A.aboutB.fromC.without7.Thetoyis

mylittlebrother.Iboughtityesterday.

A.forB.fromC.by8.Dowhateveryoucanforthecommunity，

lookingaftertheoldorteachingkidsart.

A.withB.underC.likeC

A

C

B

9.—Congratulations！Canyoushareyoursecrettolearning？—Ifyouworkhardenough，youwillsucceed

achievingyourgoal.

A.onB.aboutC.in10.Itisimpolitetospeakloudly

.

A.indangerB.inpublicC.inperson11.Billis

alltheotherrunners.Itseemsthathewillbethewinner.

A.nexttoB.farfromC.aheadof12.Poemsinfluencepeoplealot.

，thepoemsofBaiJuyiarestillmeaningfultoday.

A.IntheendB.Fromnowon

C.ForexampleC

C

B

C

13.—Ms.Huang，whatwouldyoulike

yourafternoontea？

—Justacupofcoffee

anysugarormilk.

A.for；withoutB.to；without

C.for；with14.—I’mgoingtoDisneyland

twoweeks.

—Wow，soundslikefun！A.toB.inC.at15.Mingmingwillhaveaclassmeeting

3：30thisafternoon.

A.onB.inC.at16.—Howdoyourelaxinyourfreetime？—

doingsportsandlisteningtomusic.

A.ByB.OnC.InA

C

B

A

A

17.Placenamesoftenhaveinterestingconnections

thelocallandscapeandpeople.

A.inB.toC.at18.Cathyalwaysmakesgooduseofhertimetostudy，even

herlunchbreak.

A.aroundB.duringC.from19.Insummerevenings，manypeopleenjoytakingwalks

theriver.

A.onB.alongC.in20.(2024·福建)—MayItakeyourorder，Mr.Chen？—I’dlikeacupofcoffeeandacake

.

A.bymistakeB.attimesC.asusualC

B

B

B

21.(2024·黑龍江龍東地區(qū))Hainanisfamous

itsbeautifulbeaches.Manytouristsvisititeveryyear.

A.forB.toC.as22.(2024·福建)Aspecialfestivalwasheld

September23rdlastyeartohonorthehardworkofChinesefarmers.

A.inB.forC.on23.(2024·黑龍江齊齊哈爾)—It’stimetograduate.Weshouldsay“Thanks”toourteachers.—Ithinkso.Wehavemadegreatprogress

theteachers’help.

A.withB.throughC.under24.(2024·四川成都)China

Dailynamed“Growth”

its“WordoftheYear2023”.

A.asB.afterC.forA

A

C

A

Ⅱ.根據(jù)句意和所給漢語(yǔ)完成句子。每空一詞1.Shewonmanycompetitions，

(包括)fourgoldmedalsintheOlympics.

2.I’mcrazyaboutthefolkstories

(像)Yu

Gong

Moves

the

MountainsandHou

Yi

Shoots

the

Suns.

3.Whenthelittleboysawhismother，heran

(朝向)herwithjoy.

4.Itisourdutytoprot