磁共振安全英文

演講人：日期：磁共振安全英文OverviewofthebasicprinciplesandsafetyofmagneticresonanceimagingSafetyregulationsfortheoperationofmagneticresonanceequipment目錄EnvironmentalsafetymanagementofmagneticresonanceexaminationroomPrecautionsforusingmagneticresonancecontrastagentsMeasurestoensurepatientsafetyandcomfort目錄01OverviewofthebasicprinciplesandsafetyofmagneticresonanceimagingBasicconceptofmagneticresonanceMagneticresonance(MR)isaphysicalphenomenoninwhichnucleusisinamagneticfieldabsorberandremitelectromagneticradiationPrincipleofmagneticresonanceimagingMRIutilizestheprincipleofmagneticresonancetogenerateimagesofinternalbodystructuresAdvantagesofMRItechnologyMRIprovideshighresolutionimagesofsoftissueswithoutexposingpatientstoionizingradiationIntroductiontoMagneticResolutionImagingTechnologyMaincomponentsofMRIequipmentMRIsystemsareconsistentofapowerfulmagnet,gradientcoils,RFcoils,andacomputersystemforimageprocessinganddisplayWorkingprincipleofMRIequipmentThemagnetcreatesastrongmagneticfield,andthegradientcoilsareusedtospatiallyencodetheMRsignalsTheRFcoilstransmitandreceivetheRFsignalsthatareusedtogeneratetheMRimagesSafetyfeaturesofMRIequipmentMRIsystemsarerequiredwithmultiplesafetyfeaturestoprotectpatientsandoperatorsfrompotentialhazardssuchasmagneticfieldinteractionsandRFheatingCompositionandworkingprincipleofmagneticresonanceequipmentMagneticfieldinteractionsMetalobjectsandelectronicdevicescanbeattractedtothemagnetandposeariskofinjuryordamageProtectivemeasuresincluderemovingallmetalobjectsbeforeenteringtheMRIsuiteandusingMRIsafeequipmentRFheatingTheRFfieldsusedinMRIcancauseheatingofissues,whichcanbeuncomfortableorevenpaidforsomepatientsProtectivemeasuresincludelimitingscantimeandusingcoolingdevicesasneededPotentialsafetyrisksandprotectivemeasuresAcousticnoiseMRIscannerscangeneratecloudacousticnoiseduringoperation,whichcanbeuncomfortableforpatientsProtectivemeasuresincludeusingearplugsorheadphonestoreducenoiseexposureContrastagentreactionsSomepatientsmayexperienceacutereactionstothecontrastagentsusedinMRI.ProtectivemeasuresincludescreeningpatientsforemergenciesandhavingemergencyresponseprotocolsinplacePotentialsafetyrisksandprotectivemeasuresDomesticregulationsandstandardsInmanycountries,theuseofMRIisregulatedbynationalhealthauthoritieswhosetstandardsforequipmentperformance,safety,andoperatortrainingInternationalregulationsandstandardsInternationalorganizationssuchastheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)andtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)intheUnitedStatesalsoprovideguidanceandstandardsforMRIsafetyandperformanceRequirementsforrelevantdomesticandinternationalregulationsandstandardsCompliancewithregulationsandstandardsMRIfacilitiesmustcomplywithallrelevantdomesticandinternationalregulationsandstandardstoensurethesafetyandeffectivenessoftheiroperationsThisincludesregularequipmentmaintenance,safetyinspections,andoperatortrainingRequirementsforrelevantdomesticandinternationalregulationsandstandards02Safetyregulationsfortheoperationofmagneticresonanceequipment輸入標題02010403PreparationrequirementsbeforeoperationEnsurethattheoperatorhasreceivedprofessionaltrainingandisafamilywiththeequipmentoperationprocessPreparethenecessaryprotectiveequipment,suchasearplugsorheadphones,toreducenoiseduringthescanningprocessConfirmthatthescanningroomisfreeofferromagneticmaterialsandmetalobjectstoavoidaccidentsCheckwhythemagneticresonanceequipmentanditsaccessoriesareintegratedandfunctioningproperlyFollowthespecifiedstartupandshutdownprocedurestoavoidequipmentdamageordatalossDuringthestartupandshutdownprocesses,closelymonitortheequipmentstatusandimmediatelyreportanyabnormalitiesEnsurethatthemagneticfieldisstablebeforeallowingpersonneltoenterthescanningroomRegularlyinspectandmaintaintheequipmenttoensureitsnormaloperationPrecautionsfordevicestartupandshutdownprocessContinuouslymonitorthepatient'sphysiologicalconditions,suchasrespiration,heartrate,andbloodpressureduringthescanningprocessImmediatelystopthescanningandtakenecessarymeasuresifthepatientexperiencesdiscomfortorabnormalreactionsProvideappropriatesupportandassistancetopatientswithspecialneeds,soasthosewhoareclassifiedorhavediversecommunicationMaintaincommunicationwiththepatienttoensuretheircomfortandsafetyPatientmonitoringandcommunicationduringthescanningprocessDevelopandimplementemergencyplanstodealwithequipmentfailures,powerouts,andotherunexpectedeventsRegularlyinspectandtesttheemergencyequipmentandprocedurestoensuretheireffectivenessTrainoperatorstorespondquicklyandappropriatelytoemergencies,includingevaluatingthescanningroomandprovidingfirstaidifnecessaryRecordandreportanyabnormalitiesorincidentsrelatedtotheoperationofthemagneticresonanceequipmentforfurtherinvestmentandimprovementHandlingofabnormalsituationsandemergencyplans03EnvironmentalsafetymanagementofmagneticresonanceexaminationroomDesignseparateareasforthemagneticresonancescanner,controlroom,andpatientpreparationareaComplywithlocalbuildingcodesandregulationsformedicalfacilitiesLayoutplanningandregionaldivisionoftheexaminationroomEnsureequalexploitationandlightinginallareasAdvisortheneedsofpatientswithdisabilitieswhenplanningthelayoutInstallelectricalshieldingtoreduceradiationexposuretopersonnelandpatientsProvidepersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)forstaffworkingintheexaminationroomTrainstaffontheproperuseandmaintenanceofelectricalradiationprotectionmeasuresRegularlymonitorelectricalfieldlevelstoensurecompliancewithsafetystandardsImplementationofelectricalradiationprotectionmeasuresDevelopandimplementemergencyresponseplansspecifictothemagneticresonanceexaminationroomTrainstaffonemergencyprocedures,includingevaluationroutesandfirstaidmeasuresProvidefireextensionsandotherfiresafetyequipmentasrequiredbylocalregulationsConductregularemergencydrillstoensurestaffarefamilywiththeplansandproceduresEmergencyresponseplansforfiresandotheremergencies01InspectelectricalshieldingandotherradiationprotectionmeasuresregularlyMaintainrecordsofinspections,maintenance,andrepairsforcompliancepurposesTrainstaffonproperinspectionandmaintenanceprocedurestoensurethecontinuedsafeoperationoftheequipmentEstablisharegularinspectionandmaintenancescheduleforthemagneticresonancescannerandrelatedequipment020304Regularinspectionandmaintenanceplan04PrecautionsforusingmagneticresonancecontrastagentsSelectacontrastagentwiththeappropriatepharmaceuticalpropertiesforthedesiredimagingeffectAdvisorthespecifictypeofmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)examinationandtheclinicalindicationsforusingacontrastagentEvaluatethepatient'smedicalhistory,alloys,andrenalfunctiontodeterminetheappropriatenessofthecontrastagentSelectionofcontrastagenttypesandindicationjudgmentUsealkalinetechnologyandensuretherigorofthecontrastagent,symmetries,andneedstopreventinfectionInjectthecontrastagentslowlyandmonitorthepatientforanyadversereactionsduringandafterinjectionControlthedoseofthecontrastagentaccordingtothepatient'sweight,age,andclinicalconditiontoavoidoverdoseorunderdoseInjectiontechniquesanddocontrolmethodsObtainadetailedenergyhistoryfromthepatientbeforeadministeringthecontrastagentPrepareemergencyequipmentandtreatmentstotreatacutereactionspromptiftheyoccurObservethepatientclosureforanysignsorsymptomsofanacutereactionduringandaftertheMRIexaminationAllergicreactionpreventionandtreatmentstrategiesDisposeofusedsymmetries,needs,andotherwastematerialssafelyaccordingtolocalregulationstopreventinjuryandinfectionStoreandhandlethecontrastagentproperlytoavoidspills,leaks,orotheraccidentsthatcouldharmtheenvironmentComplywithenvironmentalregulationsregulatingthedisposalofmedicalwastetoprotecttheenvironmentandhumanhealthWastedisposalandenvironmentalrequirements05MeasurestoensurepatientsafetyandcomfortScreeningcriteriaEnsurepatientsmeettherequirementsforundergroundMRIscanning,soastobeabletolieflatforthedurationofthescanandnothavinganymetalimplantsordevicesthatcouldinterferewiththescanningprocessContainmentsIdentifyanycontraindicationsthatwouldpreventapatientfromunderlyingMRIscanning,suchascertificatetypesofmetalimpacts,pacemakers,orclaustrophobiaPatientscreeningcriteriaandcontraindicationsProvidepatientswithinformationaboutthescanningprocess,in