2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievement二LearningaboutLanguage課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit1PeopleofAchievement課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)LearningaboutLanguage必備學(xué)問基礎(chǔ)練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Whenthepolicehittheshore,theattacker________(逃跑)intothejungle.2．Hisfirst________(小說)hasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.3．Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowill________(流淌)nextandhowfast.4．Besuretorevieweverythinginthesection,includingtables,graphs,and________(圖表)．5．Hereactedwellto________(青霉素)．Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．In________(conclude),theyareproudofthemselvesandfirmlybelievetheycandomoreforabetterworld.2．Thekeytosuccessasaromantic________(novel)isabsolutebeliefinyourstory.3．Underno________(circumstance)shallImentionthesecrettoanyone.4．Mymissingforyouislikeunstopped________(flow)water.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Apartfromfair________________________(磨損),thecarisinexcellentcondition.2．Thearticlenotonlypresentssystem________________(流程圖)inprocess,butalsolistssoftwareflowchart.3．Howcouldthey________________________(得出結(jié)論)withoutdoingexperiments?Ⅳ.語法專練一、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1．London,________isthecapitalcityoftheUnitedKingdom,isaverybeautifulcity.2．Thenumberofsmokers,________isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.3．Tom'sbrother,________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinHainanatthemoment.4．Nowadays,itiscommontoseemanyyoungpeoplestaringattheirmobilephonesinsteadofreadingarealbook,about________manyexpertsareworried.5．ChinaDailyattractsaworldwidereadership,________showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.6．Onthebeautifulshipwereover2,000people,mostof________werewomenandchildren.7．Thisisthemostsplendidpartofyourchart,________alltheinformationisanalyzedcleverlyinthelanguageofmathematics.8．In1897,JosephJohnThomsonofCambridgeannouncedhisdiscoveryoftheelectron(電子),________hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1906.9．We'llputoffthemeetingtillnextweek,________wewon'tbesobusy.10．Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof________usesitdifferently.二、用非限制性定語從句合并下列每對句子1．IborrowedthebookJaneEyrefromthelibrarylastweek.Myclassmatesrecommendedthebooktome.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Xi'anisoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls.Itswallsremainasgoodasbefore.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．Onanautumnafternoon,Iwenttoafarmwithmyfather.Ilearnttoplantpotatoesthere.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．Ihaveafriend.Herfatherisanengineer.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．Thisisthebestmethod.Itcanbeusedagainstpollution.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、完成句子1．布朗先生寫了部小說，我完全記得它的書名。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．他不能來參與我們的聚會，真是缺憾。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．書中的故事發(fā)生在加拿大，這個(gè)男孩就在那誕生。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．她每天騎自行車去上班，這幫她保持了健康。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．他是個(gè)慷慨大方的人，住在我隔壁。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________關(guān)鍵實(shí)力提升練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練其次層Ⅰ.閱讀AIsraeliscientistsbelievethattheyhaveidentifiedwhyArabicisparticularlyhardtoreadfornewlearners.Auniversityteamsaysthatpeopleusebothsidesoftheirbrainswhentheybeginreadingalanguage,butwhenlearningArabic,thisiswastingeffort.ThedetailsofArabiccharactersmeanthatstudentsshoulduseonlytheleftsideoftheirbrains,whicharebetteratdistinguishingdetails.WhensomeonelearnstoreadArabic,theyhavetoworkoutwhichlettersarewhich,andwhichonesgowithwhichsounds.It'stheabilitytotelllettersapartthatseemstoworkdifferentlyinArabic,becausetellingthecharactersapartinvolveslookingatverysmalldetailsliketheplacementofdots.Theprofessorwholedtheresearchteamsaid,“TheparticularcharacteristicsofArabicmakeithardfortherighthemisphere(大腦半球)tobeinvolved.Whenyouarestartingsomethingnew,thereisalotofrighthemisphereinvolvement.”Theresearcherslookedat37universitystudents.AllofthemwerenativeArabicspeakersandalsospokeandreadHebrew(希伯來語)andEnglish.Toworkoutwhichsideofthebrainreadswords,theresearchersflashedwordsforlessthanafifthofasecondontoascreen—eitherjustontheleftorright,ordifferentwordsonbothsides.Whentheeyesseesomethingforjustashorttime,andit'satonesideofascreen,onlyonebrainhemisphereisquickenoughtoprocesstheimage.TheteammeasuredhowfastandhowcorrectthestudentswerewhentheytriedtotellwordsapartseparatelyinArabic,inHebrewandinEnglish.ThestudentsusedbothleftandrighthemispherestotellHebrewandEnglishwordsapart.CharactersinEnglishandHebrewareeasiertotellapart.Whentheylookedatthestudents'readingofArabicwords,itgavetheteamaclueaboutwhychildrenfindthelanguagedifficulttoread.TheseArabic-speakingadultsonlyusedthelefthemispherestotellArabicwordsapart.WhentheArabicreaderssawsimplewordswiththerighthemispheres,theycouldn'ttellthemapartatall.1．Howmanylanguagesdotheparticipantsspeakbesidestheirmothertongue?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.2．WhatcanweknowaboutHebrewandEnglish?A．TheyaresimilartoArabicinspelling.B．TheyaredifferentfromArabicinletters.C．TheyaredifferentfromArabicingrammar.D．TheyaresimilartoArabicinpronunciation.3．WhathappensiftheArabicreadersreadArabicwordswiththerighthemisphere?A．Theymistakethem.B．Theyanswercorrectly.C．Theyrecognizethematonce.D．Theyfinditeasytoreadthem.BEverysummer,myfamilyandIvisitourrelativesinIndiaandwheneverwetravel,myparentsalwaysremindmetodrinkonlybottledorboiledwater.OnoneofmytripstoIndia,Isawchildrendrinkingwaterfromtheroadside.Iwastroubledtolearnthatmillionsofpeople,mostofthemchildrenindevelopingcountries,dieeachyearbecauseofwater-relateddiseases.LivingintheUS,Iamluckytobeabletoturnonthetapandgetpotablewater(飲用水),whileonesixthoftheworld'spopulationlacksaccesstocleanwater.Thisyear,IenteredtheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge.InlateJune,IlearntthatIwasselectedasoneofthetop10nationalfinalistsofthisfamousmiddleschoolsciencecompetition.Overthesummer,IworkedwithDrJimJonza,myscientistmentor(導(dǎo)師)from3M,anddevelopedasystemthatusessolarenergytopurifywater.Myinventionisgreenandcost-effective,andIamlookingforwardtoimplementingthisinplacesthatareaffectedbyharmfulwaterpollution.InOctober,myfamilyandIflewto3MheadquartersinStPaul,Minnesota,wherethefinaleventwastobeheld.Forthelastchallenge,eachofushadtopresenttheinventionwehadbeenworkingonoverthesummer.Thefirstplacewinnerwouldwin$25,000,atriptoCostaRica,andthetitleofAmerica'sTopYoungScientist.Attheawardsceremony,allofuswaitedanxiouslyuntiloneofthejudges，DannyForester,startedannouncing“ThewinneroftheDiscoveryEducationAsAmerica'sTopYoungScientist,Iwasgivenanopportunitytoshowmyinventiononnationaltelevisionanddeliverseveralpresentations.OneofthemostimportantthingsIhavelearntisthatcommunicationandteamworkarekeytosuccess.4．WhydoestheauthormentionhervisitstoIndia?A．ToexpresshergreatloveforIndia.B．Toshowtheproblemofuncleanwater.C．Toexplaintheimportanceofrelatives.D．Tocompareeasternandwesterncultures.5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“implementing”inParagraph2?A．Researching.B．Changing.C．Finishing.D．Using.6．HowdidtheaudiencereactasForesteropenedthepaperwiththewinner'sname?A．Theyappearedcalm.B．Theyletoutshoutsofjoy.C．Theysatquietly.D．Theydroppedpinstotheauthor.7．Howisthetextmainlyorganised?A．Inorderoftime.B．Inorderofcomplexity(困難性)．C．Inorderofplace.D．Inorderofimportance.Ⅱ.七選五Everyyear,wildfiresdestroymillionsofhectaresofforestland.__1__Smokejumpershelptostopthis.__2__Smokejumpersareaspecialtypeoffirefighter.Theyjumpfromplanesorareloweredbyhelicoptersintoareasthataredifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot,suchasthemiddleofamountainforest.Theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.Theirmaingoalistostopafirefromspreading.Usingbasicequipmentsuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofflammablematerial,likeplantsandotherdrymaterial.__3__Althoughthemajorityofsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.__4__Forexample,smokejumpersemployedintheUSmustbe120to200poundssotheydon'tgetblownawaybythestrongwindsorgethurtwhentheyland.Smokejumpersmustalsobecapableofsurvivinginthewilderness.InRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.__5__Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisn'tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumperAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobfortoughguys.”A．Whatisasmokejumper?B．Howdosmokejumpersdoit?C．Moreimportantareyourheightandweight.D．Itmeanstheworkisdangerousandtakesalongtime.E．Andhomesaredamaged,andthousandsofpeopledie.F．Theycarrywaterwiththem,too,butonlyalimitedamount.G．Hotweatherandfast-movingwindsoftenmakethesefiresmoredangerous.Ⅲ.語法填空Whenhewasalittleboy,ChristopherCockerelloncenoticedhismotherturningthewheelofhersewingmachinewithherhand.“Won'titworkquicklyifamachine1.________(turn)thewheelforyou？”heasked.“Isupposeitwill，”saidhismother,withoutpayinganyattentiontohim.Christopherknewshealwayshadalotofworkandthatshewas2.________stubbornthathecouldhardlydoanythingtochange3.________(she)mind.Buthewantedtohelp.Inhisbedroomtherewasatoysteamengine4.________(buy)byhisfatherasagifttohim.“Iwillmakebetteruseofit，”littleChristophersaidtohimself.So,whenhismotherwasnotusinghersewingmachine,hedecidedtofixthetoysteamengineontoit.Whenhefinished5.________(do)it,hewasquitepleased,thinkinghismotherwouldlikeit.“Veryclever，”hismothersaidwhenshesawit.Butthenshesatdownandwentonturningthewheel6.________hand.“I7.________(work)likethisfortoomanyyears，”sheexplained.Christopherfeltvery8.________(disappoint).Hecouldn'tunderstandhismother's9.________(behave)．ThistaughtChristopheralesson,10.________madehimdepressedforseveraldays.Itiswhatanyonewhotriestoimproveanythinghastolearn:manypeopledon'tlikenewideas.課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)LearningaboutLanguage必備學(xué)問基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．fled2.novel3.flow4.charts5.penicillinⅡ.單句語法填空1．conclusion2.novelist3.circumstances4.flowingⅢ.完成句子1．wearandtear2.flowchart3etoaconclusionⅣ.語法專練一、1．which2.as3.whose4.which5.which6.whom7.where8．forwhich9.when10.which二、1．IborrowedthebookJaneEyrefromthelibrarylastweek,whichmyclassmatesrecommendedtome.2．Xi'anisoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls,whichremainasgoodasbefore.3．Onanautumnafternoon,Iwenttoafarmwithmyfather,whereIlearnttoplantpotatoes.4．Ihaveafriend,whosefatherisanengineer.5．Thisisthebestmethod,whichcanbeusedagainstpollution.三、1．Mr.Brownhaswrittenanovel,whosenameIcompletelyremember.2．Hecouldn'tcometoattendourparty,whichwasapity.3．ThestoryinthebookhappenedinCanada,wheretheboywasborn.4．Shegoestoworkbybikeeveryday,whichhelpsherkeepfit.5．Heisagenerousman,wholivesnexttome.關(guān)鍵實(shí)力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。探討人員發(fā)覺，學(xué)習(xí)阿拉伯語時(shí)左腦的作用更大，因?yàn)樽竽X更擅長辨識細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)。1．答案與解析：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段內(nèi)容可知，37名學(xué)生參與者的母語都是阿拉伯語，此外，他們也說希伯來語和英語。2．答案與解析：B推理推斷題。由第四段可知，英語和希伯來語的字母很好區(qū)分，與阿拉伯語比起來，這兩種語言的各個(gè)字母之間差異更加顯明。3．答案與解析：A推理推斷題。由第五段可知，講阿拉伯語的成年人辨識阿拉伯語單詞時(shí)僅用到了左腦。當(dāng)阿拉伯語閱讀者看到簡潔的單詞并用右腦處理這一信息時(shí)，他們根本就辨別不出這些單詞。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者去印度時(shí)發(fā)覺那里的人們?nèi)狈η鍧嵉娘嬘盟纱说玫絾l(fā)，回國后參與了探究教化3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽，有機(jī)會與吉姆·瓊扎博士合作，開發(fā)了一個(gè)利用太陽能的凈水系統(tǒng)。作者憑自己的獨(dú)創(chuàng)在決賽中獲獎(jiǎng)，榮獲“美國頂尖青年科學(xué)家”的稱號。4．答案與解析：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句Iwastroubledtolearnthatmillionsofpeople,mostofthemchildrenindevelopingcountries,dieeachyearbecauseofwater-relateddiseases.可知，作者提到自己去印度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是為了說明人們?nèi)狈η鍧嵥膯栴}。故選B項(xiàng)。5．答案與解析：D詞義揣測題。依據(jù)Myinventionisgreenandcost-effective可知作者有了某項(xiàng)獨(dú)創(chuàng)，再由畫線詞后的內(nèi)容可知作者希望自己的獨(dú)創(chuàng)用到有水污染的地方，故implementing是“應(yīng)用”的意思。6．答案與解析：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段Youcouldhearapindropasheopenedthepaperw