第15講 任務(wù)型閱讀題型閱讀填表、還原句子、回答問題等中考考點（原卷版）

專題三中考題型語法知語法知識識第15講任務(wù)型閱讀題型 要點歸納思維導(dǎo)圖解題口訣及母題典例任務(wù)型閱讀題型高頻考點實用解題口訣考向1：閱讀填表高頻考點1：橫縱表頭解題口訣：橫縱表頭表格式閱讀橫向表頭是中心，主旨看首尾；縱向表頭是結(jié)構(gòu)，重點需提煉?？谠E識別表格式任務(wù)型閱讀中，在表頭位置填空時，用此口訣解題。口訣解題典例：Hello,everyone.I'mJillGreen.I'mamiddleschoolstudent.It'snicetomeetyouhere.First,letmetellyousomethingaboutmyfamily.Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.Theyaremymother,myfather,mysister,mybrotherandme.Myfatherisadriver.MymotherisateacherofEnglishatmyschool.Mysisterissixteenandmybrotherissixteen,too.Theyaretwins.Iamtwelve.Weallenjoywatchingfootballgames.MyhomeisonWestStreet.Thereisabigtreeandalotofsmalltreesaroundmyhouse.Thebigoneisapeartreeandthesmallonesareappletrees.Buttherearen'tanypearsorapplesontherm.Thereisaphotoofmyhouse.Inthephoto,youcanseeacatinmyhouse.It'sblackandwhite.Welikeitverymuch.Jill'sPeopleThereare...peopleinherfamily.Theyareherparents,herbrother,hersisterand......Herfatherisadriver.

Hermotheris...Englishteacheratherschool.ChildrenHerbrotherandsisterarethesame(相同的)..

Theyall...watchingfootballgames.口訣解題答案解析根據(jù)原文首段中的“l(fā)etmetellyousomethingaboutmyfamily”可知，表頭應(yīng)該填family。解題坑點常見的概括類表頭詞原因：reason/cause;方法：way/means/method;觀點：opinion/view介紹：introduction;舉例：example;種類/類型：types/kinds/sorts優(yōu)缺點：advantages/disadvantages;建議/提示：advice/suggestion/tip目的：purpose/aim/goal;影響/結(jié)果：effect/result問題/解決方法：problem/solution;措施/行動：measure/action個人信息：age/name/hobbies/personality;總結(jié)：conclusion/summary特性/特點：characteristics/features;相似/不同：similarity/difference主題/話題：theme/topic/subject;重要性/意義：importance/meaning母題1（2023·遼寧錦州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成短文后的圖表。Youmayalwayspayattentiontohunger(饑餓).Hungerhasmanydifferentcauses,accordingtoDr.MoniqueTello,fromHarvardMedicalSchool.Thefirstcausemaybeamedicalproblem.“Ifapersonalwaysfeelshungryandcan’tputonweightorevenlosesweight,heshouldgotothehospital.ForpeoplewithTypeIdiabetes(糖尿病),theirbodyisn’tabletoprocesssugar.Theyeatalot,butstillloseweightandtheyfeelterrible.”Tellosaid.Ifitisn’tamedicalcause,theproblemscouldbeinthehead.It’sreasonabletobehungryeverythreetofivehours.However,it’spossibleforyoutoeatoftenandalotafterwatchingfoodadvertisementsonTVorsocialmedia(媒體).Also,themoreyoueat,thelargeryourstomachgets,andthemoreyouwanttoeat.Aperson’sstate(狀態(tài))ofmindcanplayarole.too.Researchhasshownthatstresscanincreaselevelsofhungerhormones(激素)Pressureandworrydrivepeopletolookforfoodinthefridgewhenthey’renotrulyhungry.Anotherreasonmaybethelifestyle.Sometimesthereasonwhyapersonisalwayshungryisthatheeatstoolittle,exercisestoomuch,orboth.So,howtosolvetheproblem?Therearethreewaystosolveit.First,reduce(減少)yourtimeonwatchingfoodadvertisementsonTVandsocialmedia.Inaddition,saynotofoodifyou’renotreallyhungry.Finally,changeyourdietbyeatingmorefoodhighinfiber(纖維),protein(蛋白質(zhì))andhealthyfats.Topic:Payingattentionto1FactSomepeoplealwaysfeelhungry.CausesAmedicalproblem*Eatingalot,butstill2weight.Theproblemsinthe3*WatchingfoodadvertisementsonTVorsocialmedia.*Eatingsomuchfoodthatyourstomachgetslarger.*Increasinglevelsofhungerhormonesbecauseofstress.Thelifestyle*Eatingtoolittle,exercisingtoomuch,orboth.4*Spending5timeonwatchingfoodadvertisements.*Sayingnotofoodwhenyou’renothungry.*Changingyourdiet.【答案】1．hunger2．losing3．head4．Ways5．less【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了饑餓的原因及解決的方法。1．根據(jù)“Youmayalwayspayattentiontohunger(饑餓).”可知，你可以注意饑餓。故填hunger。2．根據(jù)“Ifapersonalwaysfeelshungryandcan’tputonweightorevenlosesweight”可知，如果一個人總是感到饑餓，不能增加體重，甚至減肥。此處與Eating并列，故填losing。3．根據(jù)“Ifitisn’tamedicalcause,theproblemscouldbeinthehead.”可知，如果不是醫(yī)學(xué)原因，問題可能出在頭部。故填head。4．根據(jù)“So,howtosolvetheproblem?Therearethreewaystosolveit.”可知，介紹解決問題的方法，故填Ways。5．根據(jù)“reduce(減少)yourtimeonwatchingfoodadvertisementsonTVandsocialmedia”可知，減少在電視和社交媒體上看食品廣告的時間，即花費更少的時間，故填less。高頻考點2：畫定抄解題口訣:畫定抄畫：畫空前空后關(guān)鍵詞；定：定位原文；抄：對比信息、抄寫答案?？谠E識別在表格式任務(wù)型閱讀中，非縱橫表頭位置出現(xiàn)填空題，用此口訣解題。口訣解題典例Hello,everyone.I'mJillGreen.I'mamiddleschoolstudent.It'snicetomeetyouhere.First,letmetellyousomethingaboutmyfamily.Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.Theyaremymother,myfather,mysister,mybrotherandme.Myfatherisadriver.MymotherisateacherofEnglishatmyschool.Mysisterissixteenandmybrotherissixteen,too.Theyaretwins.Iamtwelve.WeallenjoywatchingfootballgamesMyhomeisonWestStreet.Thereisabigtreeandalotofsmalltreesaroundmyhouse.Thebigoneisapeartreeandthesmallonesareappletrees.Buttherearen'tanypearsorapplesonthem.Thereisaphotoofmyhouse.Inthephoto,youcanseeacatinmyhouse.It'sblackandwhite.Welikeitverymuch.Jill'sfamilyPeopleTherearepeopleinherfamily口訣解題答案解析根據(jù)題干畫出關(guān)鍵詞peopleinherfamily,回到原文中定位"Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.",可知答案為five。解題坑點在表格式任務(wù)型閱讀中，答案并不一定是文中的原文原詞，時常需要對原文信息進(jìn)行同義改寫或歸納整合。母題2（2023·遼寧錦州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成短文后的思維導(dǎo)圖。TheDifficultSearchforAmericanProductsintheUSIfyougotoanothercountry,whatkindofthingswouldyoubuy?WouldyoubuyacamerainJapan,somebeautifulclothesinFrance,orawatchinSwitzerland?Nomatterwhatyoumaybuy,youmightprobablythinkthoseproductsweremadeinthosecountries.However,youcouldbewrong.KangJianisa17-year-oldstudentfromShanghai.LastyearhewenttovisithisauntanduncleinSanFrancisco.HefounditinterestingthatsomanyproductsinthelocalshopsweremadeinChina.“Iwantedtobuyatoycarformycousin,buteventhoughmostofthetoyshadAmericanbrands,theyweremadeinChina.”ToysarenottheonlythingsmadeinChina.“Iwantedtobuyapairofbasketballshoes,”heexplains,“butIhadtovisitfiveorsixstoresbeforefindingapairmadeinAmerica!”HerealizedthatAmericanscanhardlyavoidbuyingproductsmadeinChina.“Infact,”hecontinues,“therearesomanythingsmadeinChina—footballs,handbags,petfood,mobilephones.EvenAmericanflagsaremadeinChina!”KangJianthinksit’sgreatthatChinaissogoodatmakingtheseeverydaythings.However,hewishesthatinthefutureChinawillalsogetbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsthatpeoplecanbuyinallpartsoftheworld.Difficultsearchfor“MadeintheUS”Trip●Who:KangJianTrip●Where:SanFranciscointheUS●Wanttobuy:atoycarfor6andapairofbasketballshoesforhimself7●HefoundmosttoyswereAmericanbrands,buttheyweremadeinChina.●Hecouldn’tfindapairofshoesmadeinAmerica8hevisited5or6stores.ReasonChinaissogoodatmakingthese9things.HopeInthefuture,Chinawilldobetterin10high-technologyproducts.【答案】6．cousin7．Fact8．until9．everyday10．making【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹中國制造的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。6．根據(jù)“Iwantedtobuyatoycarformycousin”可知，想給表弟買一輛玩具車，故填cousin。7．根據(jù)表格右欄介紹可知，是事實，用fact，故填Fact。8．根據(jù)“butIhadtovisitfiveorsixstoresbeforefindingapairmadeinAmerica”可知，在去了五六家店才找到一雙美國制造的。not...until“直到……才”，故填until。9．根據(jù)“KangJianthinksit’sgreatthatChinaissogoodatmakingtheseeverydaythings.”可知，中國很擅長制造這些日常用品，故填everyday。10．根據(jù)“hewishesthatinthefutureChinawillalsogetbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsthatpeoplecanbuyinallpartsoftheworld”可知，希望未來中國在制造人們可以在世界各地買到的高科技產(chǎn)品方面也能做得更好，故填making。考向2：閱讀還原高頻考點3：段落標(biāo)題解題口訣：段落標(biāo)題段首段尾優(yōu)先讀，高頻詞常入標(biāo)題。口訣識別閱讀還原中在一個段落前挖空，需要匹配到體現(xiàn)此段主旨的小標(biāo)題時，可用此口訣解題?？谠E解題典例：Allowingpetcatstogooutsideisnotjustbadforbirdsandwildlife,it'salsobadforthecatsthemselves.Outdoorcatscangetsickveryeasily.Theyareindangerfromtrafficandattacks(攻擊)fromotheranimals.Infact,outdoorcatsusuallydon'tlivepasttheageoffive,whileindoorcatsoftenlivetobe17orolder.A.Catscanbringillness.B.Keepingacatisgoodforyou.C.Youshouldletyourcatinside.D.Goingoutsideisbadforcats.too.E.ThebirdsarefewerandfewerinAmerica.E.Catskillmanybirdsandsmallanimalseveryyear.口訣解題答案解析根據(jù)"Allowingpetcatstogooutsideisnotjustbadforbirdsandwildlife.it'salsobadforthecatsthemselves."可知，本段圍繞“讓貓咪外出對它們產(chǎn)生的危害”展開論述，故選D。解題坑點：段落首尾句通常不和選擇項完全重合，可能以同義轉(zhuǎn)換的方式出現(xiàn)。母題3（2023·四川雅安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后面的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thesunisout.Theweatheriscool.It’sagreatdayforrunning.11Besafe12Sopayattentiontowhatishappeningaroundyouwhileyourun.Ifyouarerunningalongaroad,wearlight-coloredclothessothatdriverscanseeyouclearly.ListentoyourbodyRunningistiringandcanhurt.Butcontinuous(持續(xù)的)painmeanssomethingiswrong.Maybeyouneedtochangethewayyoumovetoputlesspressureoncertainjoints(關(guān)節(jié)).13Havingarestwhennecessarywillhelpyougetbacktorunningassoonaspossible.14Pickoutcomfortableshoesthatfityourfeet.Thiswillstopstrain(拉緊)onyourfeet,legsandback.MixitupSomeexpertssuggestdoingotherphysicalactivitiesbesidesrunning.15Bydoingdifferentkindsofexercise,youkeepawayinjuries(傷害)causedbyrepeatedactions.A．ChoosegoodshoesB．Alwaysremembersafetycomesfirst.C．Ormaybeyouaretootiredandneedadayoff.D．Thatcouldmeanbiking,swimmingorplayingasport.E．Butbeforeyoustartrunning,hereissomeadviceforyou.【答案】11．E12．B13．C14．A15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹跑步前的一些建議。11．根據(jù)后文介紹可知，給出跑步前的一些建議，選項E“但在你開始跑步之前，這里有一些建議給你?！狈险Z境，故選E。12．根據(jù)“Besafe”可知，本條建議要注意安全，選項B“永遠(yuǎn)記住安全第一。”符合語境，故選B。13．根據(jù)“Havingarestwhennecessarywillhelpyougetbacktorunningassoonaspossible.”可知，必要的時候休息一下會幫助你盡快恢復(fù)跑步。選項C“或者你太累了，需要休息一天?！狈险Z境，故選C。14．根據(jù)“Pickoutcomfortableshoesthatfityourfeet.”可知，挑選適合你腳的舒適的鞋子。選項A“選擇好鞋”符合語境，故選A。15．根據(jù)“Someexpertssuggestdoingotherphysicalactivitiesbesidesrunning.”可知，一些專家建議除了跑步外還做其他的體育活動。選項D“這可能意味著騎自行車、游泳或做運動?！狈险Z境，故選D。高頻考點4：指代法解題口訣：代詞指代代詞指代在前方，看人稱、驗單復(fù)?？谠E識別選項中出現(xiàn)代詞，需注意代詞指代，用此口訣解題?？谠E解題典例Oneday,theemperor(皇帝),QinShiHuang,orderedhissoldierstocapture(俘虜)someyoungmen.HesenttheyoungmentobuildtheGreatWallofChina.AyoungmannamedFanXiliangdidn'twanttogetcaptured.____Hehadnowheretogoanddidn'tknowwheretohide.Whenheheardthesoldierscomingtowardshim,hewasterrified(感到恐懼的).A.LadyMengJiangstayedbythewallandkeptcryingdayandnight.B.Theyfellinlovewitheachother.C.Heranawayfromhishomeandplannedtohidesomewhere.D.Itwasamovinglovestory.E.LadyMengJiangpreparedsomewarmclothesforherhusband.口訣解題答案解析根據(jù)空前"AyoungmannamedFanXiliangdidn'twanttogetcaptured."可知，所填句的主語是ayoungman,C選項中的He指代ayoungman,故C正確。解題坑點如果上文中出現(xiàn)多人或者多物，需要分清指代關(guān)系。母題4（2023·遼寧錦州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）還原句子。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的五個選項中選出能夠填入短文空白處的最佳選項。Itis600yearsoldandhasbecomeapopularsnackaroundChina.Youcanbuyiteverymorningatsmallstreetstalls(攤位)foraround5to10yuaninmostChinesecities.16Butitiscookedinmanydifferentways.17TheTianjinCateringIndustryAssociation(天津餐飲行業(yè)協(xié)會)madestandardsforjianbingguozitokeepthetraditionaltasteonMay25,2018.18Accordingtothenewrules,jianbingguozishouldbemadeofingredients(原料)thatincludegreenbeanflour(面粉)andeggs.Itshouldbe38to40centimetersindiameter(直徑).19Theyhavepointedoutthateveryonehasdifferenttastesandthatitisuselesstocreatethestandardsforfood.“ThejianbingguoziwithnostandardistheoneIlikeeating.”O(jiān)neSinaWeibouserwrote.Theassociationhasexplainedthatitdoesn’twanttomakeeveryonecookthesnackthesamewayeverytime.20Itjustaimstobetterregulate(規(guī)范)thecookingprocess,techniques(做法)andfoodsafetythanbefore.A．Itdependsonwhereyoubuyit.B．Thereasonofmakingstandardsistopassdownthecookingskills.C．Thesnackiscalledjianbingguozi.D．It’snotitsaim(目標(biāo))tomakeitstandard.E．Butsomepeoplearewonderingifit’snecessarytocreatesuchstandards.【答案】16．C17．A18．B19．E20．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹煎餅果子的新規(guī)范。16．根據(jù)“Itis600yearsoldandhasbecomeapopularsnackaroundChina.Youcanbuyiteverymorningatsmallstreetstalls(攤位)foraround5to10yuaninmostChinesecities.”可知，它有600年的歷史，在中國已經(jīng)成為一種受歡迎的小吃。在中國大多數(shù)城市，每天早上你都可以在街邊小攤上花5到10元買到它。此處介紹一種小吃，選項C“這種小吃被稱為煎餅果子。”符合語境，故選C。17．根據(jù)“Butitiscookedinmanydifferentways.”可知，它有很多不同的烹飪方法，選項A“這取決于你在哪里買。”符合語境，故選A。18．根據(jù)“TheTianjinCateringIndustryAssociation(天津餐飲行業(yè)協(xié)會)madestandardsforjianbingguozitokeepthetraditionaltasteonMay25,2018.”可知，2018年5月25日，天津餐飲行業(yè)協(xié)會制定了煎餅果子保持傳統(tǒng)味道的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。此處介紹該規(guī)范，選項B“制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的原因是為了傳承烹飪技術(shù)?！狈险Z境，故選B。19．根據(jù)“Theyhavepointedoutthateveryonehasdifferenttastesandthatitisuselesstocreatethestandardsforfood.”可知，他們指出，每個人都有不同的口味，制定食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是沒有用的。所以有些人認(rèn)為這種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是沒用的，選項E“但一些人懷疑是否有必要制定這樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。”符合語境，故選E。20．根據(jù)“Itjustaimstobetterregulate(規(guī)范)thecookingprocess,techniques(做法)andfoodsafetythanbefore.”可知，它只是為了更好地規(guī)范烹飪過程、技術(shù)和食品安全。此處介紹的是該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的目的，選項D“它的目的不是使它成為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！狈险Z境，故選D。高頻考點5：邏輯詞解題口訣：邏輯詞句意前后有邏輯、注意轉(zhuǎn)折和順序。口訣識別閱讀還原中前后文或選項中出現(xiàn)順序詞或邏輯詞，需根據(jù)順序及邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷，可用此口訣解題?？谠E解題典例First,exercisecanhelpyourmind.Peoplewhogetplentyofphysicalactivitiesmightworrylessandsleepbetteratnight.Youmayevenlearnbetterinschool.Physicalactivitiescanmakeyourbodystrong.Itcanalsokeepyouatahealthyweight.Buthowcanteensbeencouragedtodomoreexercise?Herearesomegoodsuggestions.A.Second,exercisehelpsyourbody.B.Stepawayfromthescreen.C.Exercisewithotherstogether.D.Exercisehelpsintwoways.E.Findasportyouareinterestedin.口訣解題答案解析上文中的“First,exercisecanhelpyourmind."和選項中出現(xiàn)的"Second,exercisehelpsyourbody."構(gòu)成第一第二的順序關(guān)系，故選A。解題坑點轉(zhuǎn)折和順序是最容易辨認(rèn)的邏輯關(guān)系，但除此之外還可能會出現(xiàn)因果、讓步、條件等其他邏輯關(guān)系，需要仔細(xì)觀察文章上下文來進(jìn)行判斷。母題5（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Choosingajob—somethingyou’rethinkingofdoingfortherestofyourworkinglife—isn’talwayseasybutnecessary.Plansforyourfuturejobwillhaveagreatinfluenceonyourwholelife.21Knowyourselfwell.It’struethatthingslikepayareimportant,butdon’tletmoneyleadyouinthewrongdirection.Firstly,followyourheartandyourpersonality—ifyou’renotveryoutgoing,don’tgoforasalesjob,evenifthepay’sgood.22Ifyoudowellingettingalongwithchildren,tobeateachermaybeafantasticchoice.23Generallyspeaking,peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutoftheirjobsiftheyfeeltheyaredoingsomethingvaluableforothers.Itdoesn’thavetobecharitywork—itcouldbeajobthathelpsotherpeople,likebeingacleaner.Justimaginewhatourcitywouldbelikewithoutcleaners?Yourfirstdecisionisn’tforever.Someluckypeoplegetitrightfirsttime—theychooseajob,findtheyloveitandstickatit.24Soremember—you’reallowedtochangeyourmind!There’snoneedtoletitworryyouforyears:maybeyou’vegotthreeorfourpossiblethingsyou’dliketodo,socometoadecisionandtryone—andifyoudon’tlikeit,tryanotherone.25Thebestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.Remembertoberesponsibleforyourselfwhenyouareyoung.閱讀短文，把A-E五個句子填入文中空缺處，使短文內(nèi)容完整。A．Dosomethingofvalue.B．Butitisn’talwayslikethat.C．Herearesomesuggestionsforyou.D．Secondly,thinkaboutwhatyouaregoodat.E．Makingaclearplanforyourfuturejobismeaningful.【答案】21．C22．D23．A24．B25．E【導(dǎo)語】本文就如何選擇工作給出了一些建議。21．根據(jù)“Knowyourselfwell.”及“Yourfirstdecisionisn’tforever.”可知文中給出了一些建議，C項“這里有一些建議給你?！狈险Z境。故選C。22．根據(jù)“Firstly”可知此處要講其次做什么，D項“其次，想想你擅長什么?！狈险Z境。故選D。23．根據(jù)“Generallyspeaking,peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutoftheirjobsiftheyfeeltheyaredoingsomethingvaluableforothers.”可知可以做有價值的工作，A項“做一些有價值的事情?！狈险Z境。故選A。24．根據(jù)“Soremember—you’reallowedtochangeyourmind!”可知并非所有人都能一次選對工作，B項“但情況并非總是如此?！狈险Z境。故選B。25．根據(jù)“Thebestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.”可知此處提到了為明天做準(zhǔn)備，E項“為你未來的工作制定一個明確的計劃是有意義的?！狈险Z境。故選E。考向3：閱讀回答問題高頻考點6：特疑回答任務(wù)型閱讀·問答式閱讀Why問Because/Todo答Howmany問數(shù)量答What/Which問名詞/句子答Howmuch問數(shù)量/價格答Who問人答Howoften問頻率答When問“介詞+時間”答Howfar問距離答Where問“介詞+地點”答Howlong問長度/“for+時間段”答How問Bysth./doing答Howsoon問“in+時間段”答方法識別在問答式閱讀理解中，回答特殊疑問句時用此方法解題。解題典例Wehavegottwochildren.Jackisseven,andhislittlebrotherNickisfour.They'requitecloseandplayalottogether.Theyquarrelquitealot,too,buttheyenjoyeachother'scompany.Jackreadswell,buthedidn'tstarttoreadforpleasure.Hethinksreadingisonlysomethingyouhavetodoatschool.Ithinkthemainproblemis:healwayswatchesTV.Healsolikesplayingcardsandcomputergamesandridinghisbike.Idon'tlethimrideitonthestreet,butweoftengotothepark,whereit'ssafer.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下面的問題。WheredoesJackoftengotoridehisbike?問答式解題答案解析根據(jù)口訣"Where問→(介詞+)地點答"并結(jié)合文中"Idon'tlethimrideitonthestreet,butweoftengotothepark,whereit'ssafer."可知，Jack經(jīng)常在公園騎自行車。故答案為"Inthepark."。解題坑點注意此類特殊疑問詞提問時的回答規(guī)范，切勿添詞少詞，并在作答前確認(rèn)題目是否有詞數(shù)要求。母題6（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）閱讀短文，回答短文后的五個問題。Before1970,fewlawsprotectedtheenvironment.ThenonApril22thatyear,EarthDaywascreatedtocelebrateourplanet,tellpeopleaboutenvironmentalproblems,andencouragethemtotakeaction.NowEarthDayiscelebratedallaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimate（氣候）change,plasticpollution,anddeforestation（毀林）.Butwecanmakeadifference.HereisanEarth-helpinghero.AdelineTiffanieSuwanawastwelvewhenherfamily’shomeflooded.Indonesia,herislandnationinSouth-eastAsia,isoftenhithardbyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.Adelinewantedtohelp.Studyingtheproblem,shelearnedthatmangrovetreesplayanimportantroleinfloodprotection.Theirbig,tangled（纏結(jié)的）rootsslowfloodwatersandkeepsoilfromwashingaway.Butthetreeswerebeingcutdown.Adelinegatheredherclassmatestoplant200mangroveyoungtreesduringaschoolbreak.TheystartedagroupcalledFriendsofNature,whichworkstokeepthearea’sbiodiversity（生物多樣性）,fightagainstclimatechange,andhelppeoplerealizetheimportanceoftheenvironment.Theyevenstartedaprojecttogetcleanenergytoremotevillages.Today,Adelineattendscollege,studyinghowbusinessescanhelptheenvironment.Remember:everyoneofuscanbeaherofortheenvironment!注：每題答案不超過5個詞。26．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ourplanet”inParagraph1referto?

27．WhathappenedtoAdeline’shomewhenshewastwelve?

28．HowmanythingsdidAdelineandherclassmatesdotohelpwiththeenvironment?

29．WhatdoesAdelinedonow?

30．Whatisthepropertitleforthepassage?

【答案】26．TheEarth.27．Herfamily’shomeflooded.28．Three.29．Sheisacollegestudent.30．AnEarth-helpinghero.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了一位保護(hù)地球環(huán)境的英雄AdelineTiffanieSuwana。文章介紹了她為保護(hù)地球環(huán)境所付出的行動和努力。26．根據(jù)“ThenonApril22thatyear,EarthDaywascreatedtocelebrateourplanet”可知，人們創(chuàng)造地球日來慶祝我們的星球，劃線部分指代的是地球。故填TheEarth.27．根據(jù)“AdelineTiffanieSuwanawastwelvewhenherfamily’shomeflooded.”可知，Adeline12歲時，她的家被洪水淹沒。故填Herfamily’shomeflooded.28．根據(jù)“Adelinegatheredherclassmatestoplant200mangroveyoungtrees…TheystartedagroupcalledFriendsofNature…Theyevenstartedaprojecttogetcleanenergytoremotevillages.”可知，Adeline和同學(xué)們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境做了三件事，包括：種植樹木、成立環(huán)境保護(hù)組織、開發(fā)向偏遠(yuǎn)村莊提供清潔能源的項目。故填Three.29．根據(jù)“Today,Adelineattendscollege”可知，她現(xiàn)在是一名大學(xué)生。故填Sheisacollegestudent.30．根據(jù)“HereisanEarth-helpinghero.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了一位保護(hù)環(huán)境，拯救地球的英雄，故AnEarth-helpinghero可作為文章標(biāo)題。故填A(yù)nEarth-helpinghero.高頻考點7：自擬大意解題口訣：自擬大意文首文尾優(yōu)先讀.能抄就抄首尾句。不符就得換說法，余段首尾要考慮。全文提煉是挑戰(zhàn)，概括名詞或從句?？谠E識別題干為"What'sthemainideaofthepassage?""What'sthepassagemainlyabout?""Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?"等時，考查文章大意，用此口訣解題?？谠E解題典例DoyouknowwhatpeopleeatonNewYear'sDay?It'soneofthemostimportantfestivalsallovertheworld.PeopleintheworldeatsomethingspecialforgoodluckonNewYear'sDay.InSpain(西班牙)andsomeLatinAmericancountries,peopleeattwelvegrapesatmidnightonNewYear'sEve.Onegrapemeansgoodluckineachmonthofthecomingnewyear.Chinesepeopleeatdumplings.Peopleusuallyputsomecoins(硬幣)insidethem.Everyonewantstofindthecoinandtheythinkitcanbringpeoplegoodluckandmoneyinthecomingnewyear.Ofcoursetheydon'teatthecoin.JapanesepeopleeatnoodlesonNewYear'sEveandtheirbirthdays.Itissaidthateatingnoodlesmaybringthemgoodluckandlonglife.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?口訣解題答案解析根據(jù)首段中的"PeopleintheworldeatsomethingspecialforgoodluckonNewYear'sDay."以及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了不同國家的人們在慶祝新年時會吃什么，結(jié)合解題口訣“要抄就抄首尾句”可知，此句可作為此題答案。解題坑點當(dāng)首尾句中沒有出現(xiàn)可作為主旨句的原文原句時，需要換說法，或用名詞或從句提煉全文主旨，另外注意字?jǐn)?shù)限制。母題7（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列各題Youmayknowabout“junkfood”likeFrenchfries.Butdoyouknowabout“junksleep”?ABritishsurveyshowsthattherearemanyelectronicproductsinteenagers’bedrooms.Theyareinfluencingteenagers’sleepbadly.Thesurveywasdoneamong1,000Britishkidsfrom12to16.Itisfoundthat50%ofthemgotjust4to7hours’sleepeveryday.Butdoctorssaytheyneed8to9hours.Almost25%ofthekidssaidtheyoftenfellasleepwhiletheywerewatchingTV,listeningtomusicorusingotherelectronicproducts.“Thisisveryworrying,”saidDr.Chris,aBritishprofessor(教授),“Wecallit‘junksleep’.Itmeansyoudon’tgetenoughsleepandthequality(質(zhì)量)ofthesleepislow,too.”Thesurveyfoundthatquiteafewofthekidsfelttiredeachdaybecauseofthejunksleep,especiallygirlsbetween13and16.Nearlyalltheteenagershaveaphone,musicplayerorTVintheirbedrooms.Andlotsofthemevenhaveallthethree.Dr.Chrissuggestedthatparentsshouldhelptheirchildrenkeepawayfromelectronicproducts,andthatteenagersshouldspendlesstimeontheelectronicproducts.31．Howmanyofthe1,000Britishkidsfrom12to16getonly4to7hours’sleepadayinthesurvey?32．Accordingtothepassage,whatwere25%ofthekidsdoingwhentheyfellasleep?33．Whatdoes“junksleep”meaninthepassage?34．InDr.Chris’opinion,whatshouldteenagersdo?35．Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?【答案】31．500/Fivehundred(kids).32．TheywerewatchingTV,listeningtomusicorusingotherelectronicproducts.33．It/“Junksleep”meansyoudon’tgetenoughsleepandthequalityofthesleepislow,too.34．They/Teenagersshouldspendlesstimeontheelectronicproducts./They/Teenagersshouldkeepawayfromelectronicproductsandspendlesstimeontheelectronicproducts.35．The/Thispassage/Itis(mainly)about“junksleep”./The/Thispassage/It(mainly)talksabout“junksleep”./Junksleep.【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了“垃圾睡眠”，調(diào)查顯示，青少年的臥室里有很多電子產(chǎn)品，它們嚴(yán)重影響了青少年的睡眠。31．根據(jù)“Thesurveywasdoneamong1,000Britishkidsfrom12to16.Itisfoundthat50%ofthemgotjust4to7hours’sleepeveryday”可知50%的人每天只睡4到7個小時，即500個孩子。故填500/Fivehundred(kids).32．根據(jù)“Almost25%ofthekidssaidtheyoftenfellasleepwhiletheywerewatchingTV,listeningtomusicorusingotherelectronicproducts.”可知近25%的孩子表示，他們經(jīng)常在看電視、聽音樂或使用其他電子產(chǎn)品時睡著。故填TheywerewatchingTV,listeningtomusicorusingotherelectronicproducts.33．根據(jù)“Itmeansyoudon’tgetenoughsleepandthequality(質(zhì)量)ofthesleepislow,too”可知“垃圾睡眠”意味著你睡眠不足，睡眠質(zhì)量也很低。故填I(lǐng)t/“Junksleep”meansyoudon’tgetenoughsleepandthequalityofthesleepislow,too.34．根據(jù)“Dr.Chrissuggestedthatparentsshouldhelptheirchildrenkeepawayfromelectronicproducts,andthatteenagersshouldspendlesstimeontheelectronicproducts.”可知他建議青少年應(yīng)該少花時間在電子產(chǎn)品上，遠(yuǎn)離電子產(chǎn)品。故填They/Teenagersshouldspendlesstimeontheelectronicproducts./They/Teenagersshouldkeepawayfromelectronicproductsandspendlesstimeontheelectronicproducts.35．通讀全文可知，本文圍繞“垃圾睡眠”展開。故填The/Thispassage/Itis(mainly)about“junksleep”./The/Thispassage/It(mainly)talksabout“junksleep”./Junksleep.名校新優(yōu)子題高分必刷任務(wù)型閱讀一、閱讀還原5選5名校新優(yōu)子題必刷1（2023·河南焦作·統(tǒng)考一模）Resilience(韌性)meanshowwellyoucandealwithandreturntonormalfromthedifficultiesoflife.Researchhasshownthatalthoughsomepeopleseemtocomebyresiliencenaturally,thebehaviorcanalsobelearned.1FindaSenseofGoalFindingasenseofgoalcanhelpyoufindmeaningsinlife’schallenges.2BelieveinYourAbilitiesItiscommontohearsomebadwordsaboutyourwork.3Forexample,youcansay“Icandothis”,“I’magreatfriend”or“I’mgoodatmyjob”.Justbelieveinyourselfthatyoucangetthejobwelldone.DevelopaStrongSocialNetwork4Simplytalkingaboutasituationwithafriendorlovedonemaynotmakeyourtroublesgoaway.Butitallowsyoutoshareyourfeelings,getsupportandcomeupwithpossiblewaystosolveyourproblems.BePositive(積極的)Stayingpositiveduringdarkperiodsmaybedifficult,butbeinghopefulaboutthefutureisanimportantpartofresilience.Whatyouaredealingwithmaybedifficult,butit’simportanttoremainhopefulandpositiveaboutabetterfuture.5Itmeansunderstandingthatdifficultiesaretemporary(暫時的)andthatyouhavetheskillsandabilitiestodealwiththechallengesyouface.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A．Herearesomewaystobuildresilience.B．It’simportanttohavepeopleyoucantrust.C．Whenyouhearthem,replacethemwithgoodonesatonce.D．Positivethinkingdoesn’tmeanpayingnoattentiontotheproblems.E．Withacleargoal,you’lllearnfrompastexperiencesandkeepgoing.名校新優(yōu)子題必刷2（2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考三模）閱讀下面短文。從短文后所給的五個選項中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。Manyofusthinkthatflowersarejusttheretoaddbeautytoourlifeandsometimesasweetsmell.6Beautystrengthener(增強劑).Flowershavemanybeautifulcolorsaswellasinterestingshapesandsizes.Theirbeautyislikelytoinspire(啟發(fā))creativethinkerssothatflowerscanbeseeninmanyworksofart,suchaspaintings.NaturalAirFreshener.Besidesthefactthatplantsareknowntoremovedustfromtheair,thereareflowersthathavenaturalsweetsmells.7MoodEnhancer(調(diào)節(jié)劑).Flowersarenaturalmoodenhancersfortheypassongoodspirits.8Theflowersalwaysputsmilesonthefacesofthosewhoreceivethem,increasingpositivethinking.Peoplewhoreceiveflowersarelikelyto