第02講被動語態(tài)專題（原卷版）-2022年九年級英語寒假課（二模）（牛津上海版）

第02講被動語態(tài)專題【學習目標】掌握被動語態(tài)用法了解中考中的常見題型完成專項訓練【基礎知識】本節(jié)內(nèi)容（presentation）（2530mins）被動語態(tài)的用法主動句與被動句的關系主動句：動作的執(zhí)行者（主語）+謂語動詞+動作的承受者（賓語）被動句：動作的承受者（主語）+be+動詞的過去分詞+by+動作的執(zhí)行者注意:(1)有時by短語可以省略。(2)主動句的時態(tài)是由謂語動詞來體現(xiàn)的，而被動句的時態(tài)是由be動詞來體現(xiàn)的。掌握了被動句的基本結(jié)構和主、被動句的相互轉(zhuǎn)換關系，在考試中就可以不變應萬變。被動語態(tài)結(jié)構一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am／is／aredone一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was／weredone現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：am／is／arebeingdone過去進行時的被動語態(tài)：was/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have／hasbeendone過去完成時的被動語態(tài)：hadbeendone一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：willbedone／am(is,are)goingtobedone過去將來時的被動語態(tài)：wouldbedone／was(were)goingtobedone含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞＋bedone重點難點：①雙賓語：“動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語”改為被動時,有兩種變法。Histeachergavehimadictionary.人：→Hewasgivenadictionarybyhisteacher.(間接賓語做主語)物：→Adictionarywasgiventohimbyhisteacher.(直接賓語主語)（需用to或者for引出原句的間接賓語)。【例題】Sheboughtmeapresent.（改為被動結(jié)構）→Apresent_________________________mebyher.Keys:wasboughtfor重難點總結(jié)：1)間接賓語（人）做主語，變被動語態(tài)時沒有to,for;直接賓語（物）主語，變被動語態(tài)時要用to或者for引出原句的間接賓語2)常見接雙賓語的動詞有：give,borrow,buy,lend,show,tell,pass,offer,build,bring,teach,leave,sell②感官動詞和使役動詞在主動語態(tài)中，某些動詞之后帶有復合賓語，即賓語和賓語補足語，這個復合賓語由動詞不定式來充當，to被省略，但在被動語態(tài)中，這個to還要還原。eg:Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主動語態(tài)）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被動語態(tài)）【例題】Hemakesthegirlstayathome.（改為被動結(jié)構）→Thegirl_________________________stayathome.Keys:ismadeto▲有這種用法的常用動詞有：使役動詞make,let,have。感官動詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。③be+過去分詞特殊用法有些“be+過去分詞”的結(jié)構并不是被動語態(tài)，它們有可能是“系表結(jié)構（即系動詞之由過去分詞來充當表語）?！北容^：（1）

（2）【例題】Thelibrary_______from9o’clocktofiveo’clockeveyday.A.opensB.isopenedC.isopenD.openKeys:C④不及物動詞和短語只有及物動詞和可接賓語的動詞+介詞詞組才可以有被動語態(tài)。eg：原則上，只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)，但是，許多不及物動詞加上介詞或者副詞，變成及物動詞短語，也可以用于被動語態(tài)。但是即后面的介詞或副詞不能丟掉。eg:Weshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.（改為被動結(jié)構）→Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitelybyus.【例題】Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren．（改為被動結(jié)構）→Thechildrenwill______________________________byher．Keys:betakengoodcareof⑤主動表被動wash,wear,sell,write,drive,clean,read,cook,cut等。eg:Thiskindofclothwasheswell./Thisbooksellswell./Thepenwritesverysmoothly.在need,require,want,worth（形容詞）,deserve后的動名詞必須用主動形式。eg:Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.eg:Thebookisworthreading.補充：want/need/require+doing相當于want/need/require+tobedone.tobedone3）特殊結(jié)構：makesb.heard/understood（使別人能聽見/理解自己）等。eg:Sheraisedhervoicetomakeushearclearly.⑥不用于被動語態(tài)不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語：appear,die(死亡),disappear（消失）,happen，breakout,etrue,takeplace.系動詞無被動語態(tài),如appear,be,bee,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。eg:Itsoundsgood./Theflowersmellssweet./Thewatchlooksgood.⑦特殊句式在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動結(jié)構來表示據(jù)說…… Itissaidthat…據(jù)報導…… Itisreportedthat…據(jù)推測…… Itissupposedthat…希望…… Itishopedthat…眾所周知…… Itiswellknownthat…普遍認為…… Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…有人建議…… Itissuggestedthat…1)Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.2)ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp.【真題演練】=1\*ROMANI.pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根據(jù)所給要求完成句子）1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomsafterschool.(改為被動語態(tài))Theirclassrooms_______often________bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.(改為被動語態(tài))Tom____________anewpenbyLiLeilastweek.Anewpen_________________TomlastweekbyLiLei.3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.(改為被動語態(tài))English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.Wehavedonemanythingstoprotectourenvironment.(改為被動語態(tài))Manythings________________________toprotectourenvironment.5.Theywillpublishthesestorybooksnextmonth.(改為被動語態(tài))Thesestorybooks_______________nextmonth.6.Theworkerswillwidensomeroadsinourcitynextyear.(改為被動語態(tài))Someroadswill______________inourcitynextyear.7.Hesaidhewouldplantsometreesthenextyear.(改成被動語態(tài))Hesaidsometrees____________________byhim.8.Peopleinourvillagethrewawayagreatnumberofplasticbagslastyear.(被動語態(tài))Agreatnumberofplasticbags_____________awayinourvillagelastyear.9.ADutchartistFlorentijinHofmanhaddesignedthefamousbigyellowrubberduck.(改為被動語態(tài))Thefamousbigyellowrubberduck_______________________byaDutchartistFlorentijinHofman.10.Wedon'tallowpeopletosmokeanywhereinthebuilding.(改為被動語態(tài))

People tosmokeanywhereinthebuilding.11.Shereadsomeinformationaboutmemoryinthelibrary.(改為被動語態(tài))[來Someinformationaboutmemory__________________inthelibraryyesterdayby________.12.Weusuallycallmathsthelanguageofscience.(改為被動語態(tài))Maths__________usually__________thelanguageofscience.13.JimmyhadlentthenovelsthatheboughttohisfriendbeforelastMonday.(改為被動語態(tài))ThenovelsthatJimmybought______________________________tohisfriend.14.MyfriendJoneswrotesomearticlesaboutmemorylastmonth.(改為被動語態(tài))Somearticlesaboutmemory____________________bymyfriendJoneslastmonth.15.Thestudentswereperformingtheplay“SoundofMusic”atnineyesterday.(改為被動語語態(tài)）Theplay“SoundofMusic”____________________________bythestudentsatnineyesterday.16.Theworkerisbuildingmanymodernbuildingsnow.(改為被動語語態(tài)）Manymodernbuildingsbytheworkersnow.17.Thestudentshavedrawnpicturesfortwohours.(改為被動語語態(tài)）Picturesbythestudentsfortwohours.18.Wemustdosomethingtoprotectwater.(改為被動語語態(tài)）Somethingtoprotectwaterby________.19.Hemakesthegirlstayathome.(改為被動語語態(tài)）Thegirl________________________________athomebyhim.20.Mymotherboughtmeabeautifulskirtyesterday．（改為被動語態(tài)）

I________________abeautifulskirtbymymotheryesterday.

Abeautifulskirt_________________________mebymymotheryesterday.21.Theycancelledoneoftheflightsbecausethereweren'tmanypassengers.(改為被動語態(tài)）Oneoftheflightsbecausethereweren'tmanypassengers.22.GrandmaLiplantsdifferentkindsofvegetablesinhersmallyard.(改為被動語態(tài))Differentkindsofvegetables____________________byGrandmaLiinhersmallyard.23.Didtheyfindthepetcatafteraday’ssearch?（改為被動語態(tài)）________thepetcat_______afteraday’ssearch?24.Nowadayspeoplespendalotoftimeonmobilephonesorlaptops.(改為被動語態(tài))Nowadaysalotoftime__________________onmobilephonesorlaptops.25.He’sgivensomeimportanttalksonsciencetechnologytous.(改為被動語態(tài))Someimportanttalksonsciencetechnology__________________giventous.【過關檢測】一、單項選擇1．Tom________hisroomeveryday,sohisroomisvery________.A．clean;clean B．cleans;cleans C．clean;cleans D．cleans;clean2．Hiscar_________fiveyearsago,butitlooksquitenew.A．buys B．bought C．wasbought D．isbought3．Peopleinthiscityexpectthatthebuildingofthebridge________beforetherainyseasones.A．canplete B．ispleted C．haspleted D．willbepleted4．—Itsaysthatthereisgoingtobeanotherstormtomorow.AreyougoingtoSam’sbirthdayparty?—I’mnotsure.IwillgowithyouifI________.A．willinvite B．invited C．willbeinvited D．a(chǎn)minvited5．—WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplayJourneytotheWest?—Itisverypopular.Millionsofpeople__________duringthattime.A．a(chǎn)ttracted B．a(chǎn)reattracted C．wereattracted D．wereattracting6．Themedicinetocure(治療)yourheadache.A．isused B．uses C．used D．use7．Inordertomakeourhometownmorebeautiful,lotsoftrees________lastyear.A．a(chǎn)replanted B．haveplanted C．wereplanted D．planted8．SuqianfirstmarathononMarch28.Everydetailwasworthpayingattentiontoabetterresultbeforeandduringthatevent.A．washeld;achieving B．tookplace;achievingC．wastakenplace;achieving D．A&B9．Mum,sweepingrobots________moreandmorewidely.Whynotbuyone?A．a(chǎn)reused B．wereused C．a(chǎn)reusing D．used10．Allofusshouldfollowthetrafficrules,orwe________bythetrafficpolice.A．a(chǎn)repunished B．willbepunished C．werepunished D．havebeenpunished11．—Inthepast,peopledidn’tdealwiththewastebeforeit________away.—Luckily,thesituationismuchbetternow.A．takes B．took C．wastaken D．istaken12．—Whatdoyouknowabouttheearthquakethathappenedinthemorning?—Thewoundedpeople________tothehospitalintime.A．a(chǎn)rebrought B．werebrought C．willbebrought D．brought13．Traintickets________online.Itisconvenient.YoucantakethetrainwithyourIDcard.A．sold B．weresold C．a(chǎn)resold D．havesold14．We’llhaveabirthdaypartyforthechild.Apetdog______tohimasagift.A．maygive B．maybegiven C．mustgive D．mustbegiven15．Thinkcarefullybeforedecidingwho_________.A．invites B．willbeinvited C．isinvited D．willinvite16．—DoyouknowwhenthemunistPartyofChina________?—Sure.It’sheronehundredthanniversary(周年)thisyear.A．forms B．hasformed C．isformed D．wasformed17．Mostpeoplebelieverobots________inalmosteveryfieldinthefuture.A．willuse B．use C．willbeused D．a(chǎn)reused18．—WhywasWendysohappythismorning?—Becauseshe________forhercreativeanswertothequestioninthemathclass.A．praised B．ispraised C．waspraised19．Itissaidthatanewlibrary______inourschool.A．willbebuilt B．builds C．wasbuilt D．isbuilding20．Theflowers__________everyday,ortheywilldie.A．mustwater B．canbewater C．shouldwater D．mustbewatered21．—Nowcities________cars.Somefamiliesevenhavetwoormorecars.—Thelocalgovernmentsaretryingtosolvetheparkingproblem.A．a(chǎn)refilledwith B．a(chǎn)reinterestedinC．a(chǎn)refulledof D．a(chǎn)regoodat22．Wastewaterfromfactoriesmustbeforepouringintoriversorlakes.A．process B．beprocessed C．beprocessing D．haveprocessed23．Don’ttouchmycup.It________withhotwater.A．fills B．filled C．isfilled D．wasfilled24