浙江省嘉興市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

嘉興市2023~2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二年級(jí)期末檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthewomanlikedoingasamiddleschoolstudent?A.Climbingmountains.B.Playingbasketball.C.Listeningtomusic.2.WhichpartoftheEnglishexamdidJackfailtofinish?A.Listening.B.Writing.C.Reading.3.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.4.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tobuyanewmap.B.Toaskfordirections.C.Tomakeacomplaint.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Orderingsomefood.B.Settingupawebsite.C.Drivingintothecity.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemanapologize?A.Fornotgoingtothepark.B.Fornotexplainingthereason.C.Fornotattendingaconference.7.Whatsubjectisthegirlprobablypoorat?A.Math.B.English.C.Physics.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoweknowabouttheprogram?A.Itteacheschildrenreadingskills.B.Itgiveschildrenbooksforfree.C.Itisaimedatmakingprofits.9.Whatdothespeakersplantodo?A.Donatesomebooks.B.Registerfortheprogram.C.Introducetheprogramtoothers.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhydoesJackfeelexcitedaboutthelecture?A.Headmiresthelecturerverymuch.B.Hecangetanewbookfromthelecturer.C.Hesharessimilaradventureswiththelecturer.11.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Attheschoolgate.B.Atthelecturehall.C.Atthesubwaystation.12.Whenwillthespeakersprobablyarriveatthelecturehall?A.At3:40.B.At4:00.C.At4:20.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdoesthewomanfeelatthebeginningoftheconversation?A.Excited.B.Tired.C.Curious.14.Whydoesthemandoexerciseeveryday?A.Tohavefun.B.Tokeepfit.C.Tobuildupmuscles.15.Howmanypoundshasthewomanlost?A.30.B.33.C.63.16.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Continuerunning.B.Tellthemanhergoal.C.Talkwithherfather.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheclub?A.Itisasmallorganization.B.Ithasexistedforalongtime.C.Itisonlyopenintheevening.18.Whatdotheperformersdointheclub?A.Tellfunnystories.B.Singsongs.C.Performdances.19.WhatdoweknowabouttheshowDon’tStayThere?A.Itiswellknown.B.Itisanewpieceofwork.C.ItwascreatedbyJackDylan.20.Whatarethelistenersadvisedtodo?A.Buyadrinkinadvance.B.Joinintheperformances.C.Keepquietduringtheshow.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。ATakingtoddlerstothehairdressersisn’talwaysawalkinthepark.Butworrynomore.Therearelotsofgreatkids’hairsalonsinSingaporethatmakethewholeprocessabreeze.LAKidsCowboyWouldn’titbegoodifyouoryourpartnercouldheadsomewhereforaquickcutandhavethekids’haircutatthesametime?Surewould,whichiswhywe’relovingLAKidsCowboy.It’sSingapore’sfirstparent-childhaircutandstylingconcept.Cutsareagreatvalueof$20,makingitacheapandcheerfulbarberforkids.BonbonBlowoutBarBonbonBlowoutBarcomeswithindividualtabletsandsweets,sohaircutswon’tseemlikesuchaterribleaffairforkids.Thefull-servicesalonprovideshaircuts,styling,andhairpermservicesforchildrenfrom$28;andifit’stheirfirsthaircut,yourkidwillevenbringhomeaFirstHaircutCertificate!BabySpaIfyou’relookingforababyhaircut,looknofurther.AtBabySpa,yourkids’hairisingoodhands.ThewonderfulstylistswillensurethegentlestofhaircutswhileyourbabywatchesBarney,sittinginatoycar.BabySpaalsooffersabathingserviceforkidsuptoagetwo.Kids‘N’MeThiskids’hairdressersoveratUnitedSquareareafirmfanfavorite.It’sdowntotheexperiencedhairstylists,whoareknownandlovedfortheirawesomekids’haircutsforfootballmatches,fromsimple“shortbackandsides”toafull-onMohawk.Wehearchildrencanevenhavetheirhairsprayedwithtemporaryhairdyeforspecialoccasions!1.Wherewillaboyprobablyhaveahaircutforafootballmatch?A.AtLAKidsCowboy. B.AtBonbonBlowoutBar.C.AtBabySpa. D.AtKids‘N’Me.2.WhatisofferedbyLAKidsCowboy?A.Anadulthaircut. B.Atoyfootball. C.Abathingservice. D.AHaircutCertificate.3.Whoarethetargetreadersofthetext?A.Parents. B.Hairstylists. C.Children. D.Athletes.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了新加坡四個(gè)非常棒兒童發(fā)廊?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Kids‘N’Me部分“It’sdowntotheexperiencedhairstylists,whoareknownandlovedfortheirawesomekids’haircutsforfootballmatches,fromsimple“shortbackandsides”toafull-onMohawk.(這要?dú)w功于經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的發(fā)型師，他們以在足球比賽中為孩子們剪的漂亮發(fā)型而聞名和喜愛(ài)，從簡(jiǎn)單的“短背和側(cè)邊”到全套莫霍克發(fā)型)”可知，一個(gè)男孩可能會(huì)在Kids‘N’Me為足球比賽理發(fā)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章LAKidsCowboy部分“It’sSingapore’sfirstparent-childhaircutandstylingconcept.

(這是新加坡首個(gè)親子理發(fā)和造型概念)”可知，LAKidsCowboy提供成人理發(fā)服務(wù)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Takingtoddlerstothehairdressersisn’talwaysawalkinthepark.Butworrynomore.Therearelotsofgreatkids’hairsalonsinSingaporethatmakethewholeprocessabreeze.(帶蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子去理發(fā)店并不是像在公園里散步一樣簡(jiǎn)單。但別再擔(dān)心了。新加坡有很多很棒的兒童發(fā)廊，讓整個(gè)過(guò)程變得輕而易舉)”可知，文本的目標(biāo)讀者是有小孩子的家長(zhǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。BWorkingatacommercialbankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackssensedalackofmeaninginherlife.Shewantedtodosomethingmorefulfilling.Somepeopleseekingmeaningmightreadaself-helpbook,orperhapsvolunteerafewhoursaweek.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticutforthreemonthstoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.ReturningtoNewYork,Sackscarriedwithheranewfoundpurposeandasetofskillstoturnherdreamsintoreality.“OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedandhowtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,mostlythroughcomposting,”shesays.“AndIjustthought,‘Whyaren’twedoingthathere?Whatisactuallyinallthosebagsandrecyclingbinsattheroadsides?’”TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks’seyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingandtheneedtofindsolutions.Soin2016,shestartedworkingwithafoodrescueprogram,andin2017,shefoundhertruecalling—whatshecalls“trashwalking”.Duringwalksaroundherneighborhood,Sacks,31,pickedthroughtrashtolookforreusableitems.Soonhertrashwalksexpandedtoincluderecyclingbinsinbigcompanies.Surprisingly,shediscoveredreallygreatstuff—likeclothingandfood—allofwhichshedocumentsonInstagramandTikTok.UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhereducational,funny,andsurprisingvideosthathighlighttheproblemswithconsumerismandshareinformationabouthowtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle.“Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstoover-consumption,whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste,”shesays.Sacksisoneofthemostinfluentialclimatechangeactivistsonsocialmediatoday.Thelessonfromhertrashwalkingisn’tjustthatweneedtoproducelessstuff.It’sthatweneedtostopthrowingperfectlygooditemsinthetrashtoo.4.WhatmotivatedAnnaSackstogetinvolvedinAdamah?A.Aself-helpbooksheread. B.Herjobatacommercialbank.C.Herdesireforameaningfullife. D.Thevolunteerexperienceshehad.5.WhatdidAnnaSacksfindimpressiveaboutAdamah?A.Fast-growingfoodoutput. B.Sustainablelivingpractices.C.Advancedfarmingtechniques. D.Variouswastemanagementmethods.6.WhydidAnnaSacksstarther“trashwalking”initiative?A.Toimproveherlivingconditions. B.Togainpopularityonsocialmedia.C.Toadvertiseherfoodrescueprogram. D.Tohandlethedamagebyconsumerculture.7.Whatdoestheauthoradvocatetoreducewaste?A.Raisingpricesonproducts. B.Collectingsecond-handitems.C.Producinghigh-qualitygoods. D.Makingfulluseofproducts.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述銀行工作的女孩AnnaSacks為尋求更有意義的生活，參加了一個(gè)名為Adamah的項(xiàng)目，因此關(guān)注到了消費(fèi)文化的不良影響，并為此尋找解決措施?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WorkingatacommercialbankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackssensedalackofmeaninginherlife.Shewantedtodosomethingmorefulfilling.(2010年代中期，AnnaSacks在紐約市的一家商業(yè)銀行工作，她感覺(jué)到自己的生活缺乏意義。她想做一些更有成就感的事情)”及第二段“SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticutforthreemonthstoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.(Sacks結(jié)束了她的生活，搬到康涅狄格州參加Adamah項(xiàng)目，為期三個(gè)月，這是一個(gè)專(zhuān)注于可持續(xù)生活和種植可持續(xù)食品的農(nóng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目)”可知，她對(duì)有意義的生活的渴望促使AnnaSacks加入Adamah項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedandhowtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,mostlythroughcomposting,”shesays.(她說(shuō)：“Adamah讓我印象深刻的一件事是，他們產(chǎn)生的廢物是多么的少，以及他們?nèi)绾翁幚硭麄兯鶕碛械膹U物，主要是通過(guò)堆肥”)”可知，AnnaSacks發(fā)現(xiàn)Adamah項(xiàng)目的可持續(xù)生活實(shí)踐令人印象深刻。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks’seyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingandtheneedtofindsolutions.Soin2016,shestartedworkingwithafoodrescueprogram,andin2017,shefoundhertruecalling—whatshecalls“trashwalking”.(Adamah項(xiàng)目讓Sacks看到了消費(fèi)者文化正在造成的損害以及尋找解決方案的必要性。因此，2016年，她開(kāi)始參與一個(gè)食品救援項(xiàng)目，2017年，她找到了自己真正的職業(yè)——她稱(chēng)之為“垃圾漫步”)”可知，AnnaSacks開(kāi)始了她的“垃圾漫步”計(jì)劃，以應(yīng)對(duì)消費(fèi)者文化的破壞。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thelessonfromhertrashwalkingisn’tjustthatweneedtoproducelessstuff.It’sthatweneedtostopthrowingperfectlygooditemsinthetrashtoo.(她的“垃圾漫步”經(jīng)驗(yàn)不僅僅是我們需要減少生產(chǎn)。我們也需要停止把非常好的東西扔進(jìn)垃圾桶)”可知，作者主張充分利用產(chǎn)品來(lái)減少浪費(fèi)。故選D項(xiàng)。C“Allhappyfamiliesarealike;eachunhappyfamilyisunhappyinitsownway,”opensLeoTolstoy’snovelAnnaKarenina.WhileTolstoy’squoteisfamous,itisalsoinaccurate.Itignoresthefactthathappinessisasubjective(主觀的)experience.Therefore,happyfamiliesandindividualscomeinallshapesandsizes.Evennations,wenowknow,canbehappyindifferentways.Since2012,theWorldHappinessReporthasbeenrankingcountriesaccordingtotheirlevelsofhappiness.ThelatestreportranksFinlandasthehappiestcountryintheworld,followedbyDenmarkandIceland.Happinessmatters.Happierpeoplemoreoftenengageintheircommunitiesandhelpothers,makingthemimportantbuildingblocksforadvancingsocieties.Sonationsworldwidehaveincreasinglyfocusedonpromotingpeople’shappiness.Scientistsemploy“subjectivewell-being”,commonlytermed“happiness”,toincludebothhappinessandlifesatisfaction.Theyhaveidentifiedcharacteristicstypicalofcountrieswithhighlevelsofhappiness.Studiessuggestrichercountriesarehappier.Institutionalquality,suchasstrongcourtsandgoodlaws,alsoplaysavitalroleinshapinghappiernations.Acountry’sculturealsoinfluencessubjectivewell-being.Itisfrequentlyanalyzedfromfourmainaspects:individualism,masculinity(男子氣概),powerdistanceanduncertaintyavoidance.Inindividualisticcountries,peopletendtoputtheirowninterestsfirst,leadingtohigherlevelsofhappiness.Happiernationsusuallyhavelowerlevelsofmasculinity,whichshowapreferenceforcooperation,careandequalopportunitiesforbothmenandwomen.Happiernationsalsotendtomoreevenlydistribute(分配)power,called“l(fā)owpowerdistance”.Finally,happiernationsappeartobemoretolerantofuncertainty,lessanxiousaboutrisk-taking,andthereforemorelikelytoseizelife’sopportunities.Althoughtheimageofahappycountrysoundssimilarasdescribedintheseterms,allhappynationsarenotalike.That’sbecauseeachnationhasdifferentcultural,economic,andsocialfactorsthatshapetheiruniqueidentitiesandexperiences.Thetakeawayfromthisresearchisthatgovernmentsworldwideshouldadoptaflexibleapproachtopolicymaking,recognizingthatthereisnoone-size-fits-allapproachtopromotingwell-being.8.WhydoestheauthorquoteLeoTolstoy?A.Togivethedefinitionofhappiness. B.Tointroducethetopicofhappiness.C.Toshowtheinaccuracyofhisstatement. D.TorecommendhisnovelAnnaKarenina.9.Whyarenationsplacinggreatemphasisonpeople’shappiness?A.Itisrelatedtopeople’ssatisfactionwiththegovernment.BHappinessofanationhelpsimproveitsinternationalimage.C.Individualhappinesscontributespositivelytosocialprogress.D.Nationsworldwidearecompetingforhighhappinessrankings.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofhappiness. B.Thedifferencesamonghappynations.C.Thewaystopromotehappiness. D.Theimpactofcultureonhappiness.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“takeaway”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Message. B.Method. C.Reason. D.Result.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了個(gè)人幸福與國(guó)家幸福之間的關(guān)系以及對(duì)對(duì)國(guó)家幸福產(chǎn)生影響的因素?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段““Allhappyfamiliesarealike;eachunhappyfamilyisunhappyinitsownway,”opensLeoTolstoy’snovelAnnaKarenina.WhileTolstoy’squoteisfamous,itisalsoinaccurate.Itignoresthefactthathappinessisasubjective(主觀的)experience.Therefore,happyfamiliesandindividualscomeinallshapesandsizes.Evennations,wenowknow,canbehappyindifferentways.(“所有幸福的家庭都是相似的；每個(gè)不幸的家庭各有各的不幸，”列夫·托爾斯泰的小說(shuō)《安娜·卡列尼娜》開(kāi)篇說(shuō)道。雖然托爾斯泰的這句話很有名，但它也不準(zhǔn)確。它忽略了一個(gè)事實(shí)，即幸福是一種主觀體驗(yàn)。因此，幸福的家庭和個(gè)人是各種各樣的。我們現(xiàn)在知道，即使是國(guó)家，也可以以不同的方式獲得幸福)”結(jié)合下文對(duì)該話題的討論推知，作者引用列夫·托爾斯泰的話是為了引入幸福的話題。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Happierpeoplemoreoftenengageintheircommunitiesandhelpothers,makingthemimportantbuildingblocksforadvancingsocieties.Sonationsworldwidehaveincreasinglyfocusedonpromotingpeople’shappiness.(更快樂(lè)的人更經(jīng)常參與他們的社區(qū)并幫助他人，使他們成為推動(dòng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要基石。因此，世界各國(guó)越來(lái)越關(guān)注促進(jìn)人民的幸福)”可知，各國(guó)都非常重視人民的幸福因?yàn)閭€(gè)人幸福對(duì)社會(huì)進(jìn)步有積極貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。10題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全段，并結(jié)合本段第一句“Acountry’sculturealsoinfluencessubjectivewell-being.Itisfrequentlyanalyzedfromfourmainaspects:individualism,masculinity(男子氣概),powerdistanceanduncertaintyavoidance.(一個(gè)國(guó)家的文化也會(huì)影響主觀幸福感。人們經(jīng)常從個(gè)人主義、男子氣概、權(quán)力距離和不確定性規(guī)避四個(gè)主要方面來(lái)分析)”可知，第四段的主要內(nèi)容是文化對(duì)幸福的影響。故選D?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“governmentsworldwideshouldadoptaflexibleapproachtopolicymaking,recognizingthatthereisnoone-size-fits-allapproachtopromotingwell-being”可知，世界各國(guó)政府應(yīng)該采取靈活的政策制定方法，認(rèn)識(shí)到促進(jìn)福祉沒(méi)有放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的方法，這是這項(xiàng)研究所得出的結(jié)論/要點(diǎn)。故劃線詞與“message（主旨，要旨）”意義貼近。故選A。DIntimesofintensestress,peoplesometimesletitoutwithascreamandanewstudysuggeststhatplantsmightdothesame.ResearchersatTelAvivUniversityinIsraelhasfoundthatplantsletoutultrasonic(超聲的)screamswhendamagedorstressedbydrought.Thenoises,fallingwithinarangeof20to100kilohertz,aretoohigh-frequencyforhumanstohear,butotherplantsandsomeanimalsperceivethem.Insectsmightbelisteningforsoundsfromstressedplantstoassesstheirconditionbeforelayingeggsontheirleaves.Amoth(蛾)maydecideagainstlayingeggsonaplantthatsoundswater-stressed.Researchersattachedrecordingdevicesdirectlytoplantstolistenforsecretsoundsinsidetheirstems(莖).Indrought,airbubblesformed,burstandcausedvibrations(振動(dòng))withinthetissuethatnormallycarrieswateruptheplants’stems.Theprocesswaspickedupbytheattachedrecordingdevices,butresearcherswantedtoknowifanyplantsoundscouldtravelthroughtheair.Sotheteamplacedmicrophones10centimetresfromstressed-outtomatoandtobaccoplants.Theysubjectedonesetofcropstodroughtandanothertophysicaldamage.Athirdgroupwasuntouched.Themicrophonesdidpickupdistinctsounds.Onaverage,drought-stressedtomatoplantsletoutabout35ultrasonicscreamsperhour,whilethosewithcutstemsmadeabout25.Drought-stressedtobaccoplantsletoutabout11screamsperhour,andcutcropsmadeabout15soundsinthesametime.Theaveragenumberofsoundsfromuntouchedplantsfellbelowoneperhour.Theresearchersalsoattemptedtoidentifyeachplantgroupjustbasedonitsscreams.Usingatypeofartificialintelligencecalculations,theteampickedoutdistinctfeaturesineachsetofsoundsandsuccessfullysortedtheirplantsintothreekinds:“dry,cutoruntouched.”Ifitisnottoocostlytosetuptherecordinginafieldsituation,farmersmightbeabletohearthesestresssignalstoo.Infuture,enablingfarmerstolistenforwater-stressedplantscould“openanewdirection”,whichwillbeincreasinglyimportantasclimatechangeexposesmoreareastodrought.12.Themothismentionedinparagraph2toshow__________.A.mothsneedenoughwaterwhenlayingeggsB.someanimalsareabletohearplantsscreamC.someinsectsarepickyabouttheirsurroundingsD.wildlifespeciesdependoneachotherwhenstressed13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Plants’soundscouldn’tbedetectedbyhumans.B.Plantscanbegroupedaccordingtotheirfeatures.C.Plants’screamsarerelatedtostresstypesinaway.D.Airbubblescontributetothelackofwaterinplants.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresult.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.15Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Plants’Vibrations:WaytoReacttoStressB.StressSignals:SecretNewlyFoundinPlantsC.GreenScreams:PlantsMakeNoisesWhenStressedD.UltrasonicScreams:DiscoveryOpensaNewChapter【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了當(dāng)植物受到干旱的破壞或壓力時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)出超聲波尖叫?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Insectsmightbelisteningforsoundsfromstressedplantstoassesstheirconditionbeforelayingeggsontheirleaves.Amothmaydecideagainstlayingeggsonaplantthatsoundswater-stressed.(昆蟲(chóng)在葉子上產(chǎn)卵之前，可能會(huì)傾聽(tīng)有壓力的植物的聲音，以評(píng)估它們的狀況。蛾可能會(huì)決定不在聽(tīng)起來(lái)有水分脅迫的植物上產(chǎn)卵)”可知，第二段提到了飛蛾，以表明一些動(dòng)物能夠聽(tīng)到植物的尖叫。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Themicrophonesdidpickupdistinctsounds.Onaverage,drought-stressedtomatoplantsletoutabout35ultrasonicscreamsperhour,whilethosewithcutstemsmadeabout25.Drought-stressedtobaccoplantsletoutabout11screamsperhour,andcutcropsmadeabout15soundsinthesametime.Theaveragenumberofsoundsfromuntouchedplantsfellbelowoneperhour.(麥克風(fēng)確實(shí)能聽(tīng)到不同的聲音。平均而言，干旱脅迫下的番茄植株每小時(shí)發(fā)出約35聲超聲波尖叫，而那些切莖的番茄植株則發(fā)出約25聲。干旱脅迫下的煙草植株每小時(shí)發(fā)出約11聲尖叫，同時(shí)被割的作物發(fā)出約15聲聲音。未受影響的植物發(fā)出的平均聲音數(shù)降至每小時(shí)一次以下)”可知，同種植物壓力類(lèi)型不同，尖叫次數(shù)不同。由此推知，植物的尖叫在某種程度上與壓力類(lèi)型有關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Infuture,enablingfarmerstolistenforwater-stressedplantscould“openanewdirection”,whichwillbeincreasinglyimportantasclimatechangeexposesmoreareastodrought.(未來(lái)，讓農(nóng)民能夠傾聽(tīng)缺水植物的聲音可能會(huì)“開(kāi)辟一個(gè)新的方向”，隨著氣候變化使更多地區(qū)面臨干旱，這一點(diǎn)將變得越來(lái)越重要)”可知，這一新的發(fā)現(xiàn)可以讓農(nóng)民能夠聽(tīng)到缺水植物的聲音，農(nóng)民就可以快速判斷植物當(dāng)前處于缺水的狀況。由此推知，這一段重點(diǎn)介紹了研究結(jié)果的潛在應(yīng)用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文及文章第一段“ResearchersatTelAvivUniversityinIsraelhasfoundthatplantsletoutultrasonicscreamswhendamagedorstressedbydrought.(以色列特拉維夫大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)植物受到干旱的破壞或壓力時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)出超聲波尖叫)”可知，文章主要是關(guān)于植物在受到缺水或者被砍斷時(shí)的壓力時(shí)，它們會(huì)發(fā)出聲音。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“綠色尖叫：植物在受到壓力時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)出噪音”適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ashumans,we’remeanttobesocialcreatures.Infact,beingsociallyconnectediskeytoourmentalandemotionalhealth.____16____Thiscancauseustocutourselvesofffromothersandgraduallybecomelonely.Socialsituationscanseemfrightening,butthetruthisneverquitesoblack-and-white.Peoplearen’tthinkingaboutyou—atleastnottothedegreethatyouthink.____17____Justlikeyou’rethinkingaboutyourself,otherpeoplearethinkingaboutthemselves.They’renotspendingtheirfreetimejudgingyou,sostopwastingtimeworryingaboutwhatothersthinkofyou.____18____Whenyou’resociallyanxious,itcanseemasthougheveryoneelseisfullyconfident.Butthat’snotthecase.Therearestillmanyshypeopleouttherestrugglingwiththesameself-doubtsasyouare.Thenextpersonyouspeaktoisjustaslikelytobeworriedaboutwhatyouthinkofthem!Youdon’thavetobeperfecttobeliked.Infact,ourimperfectionscanbepleasant.____19____Ifyoucancheerfullyacceptyourawkwardnessandimperfections,you’lllikelyfindthatotherswill,too.Theymayevenlikeyoubetterforit!It’sokaytomakemistakes.Everyonemakesmistakes;it’spartofbeinghuman.____20____Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefrombeingperfect.Ifyoufindself-forgivenessdifficult,trytolookatyourownmistakesasyouwouldthoseofafriend.Overcomingsocialfearrequirespractice.Don’texpecttobecomesociallycomfortablewithoutputtinginthetime.Thatsaid,youcanstartsmall.Takebabystepstowardsbeingmoreconfidentandsocial,andthenbuildonthosesuccesses.A.Sogiveyourselfabreakwhenyoumessup.B.Mostpeoplearecaughtupintheirownlives.C.Thegoodnewsisthatyoucanlearnfromthem.D.Peoplearemuchmoreconfidentthanyouthink.E.Evenourweaknessescanbringusclosertoothers.F.Manyotherpeoplefeeljustasawkwardandnervousasyoudo.G.Yetmanyofusareshyandfeelawkwardaroundunfamiliarpeople.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.E20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾種克服社交焦慮，建立正確社交的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Infact,beingsociallyconnectediskeytoourmentalandemotionalhealth.(事實(shí)上，與社會(huì)保持聯(lián)系是我們心理和情感健康的關(guān)鍵)”說(shuō)明與社會(huì)保持聯(lián)系很重要，下文“Thiscancauseustocutourselvesofffromothersandgraduallybecomelonely.(這會(huì)導(dǎo)致我們與他人隔絕，并逐漸變得孤獨(dú))”闡述了另外一種結(jié)果，G項(xiàng)“然而，我們中的許多人都很害羞，在陌生的人面前感到尷尬”與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且指出下文中this指代的內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“Justlikeyou’rethinkingaboutyourself,otherpeoplearethinkingaboutthemselves.(就像你在思考自己，其他人也在思考自己)”說(shuō)明每個(gè)人都在想自己的事，B項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人都沉浸在自己的生活中”與下文緊密銜接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Whenyou’resociallyanxious,itcanseemasthougheveryoneelseisfullyconfident.Butthat’snotthecase.

Therearestillmanyshypeopleouttherestrugglingwiththesameself-doubtsasyouare.(當(dāng)你對(duì)社交感到焦慮時(shí)，似乎其他人都很自信。但事實(shí)并非如此。仍然有很多害羞的人和你一樣在與自我懷疑作斗爭(zhēng))”說(shuō)明大家都跟你一樣對(duì)社交感到焦慮，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“許多其他人和你一樣感到尷尬和緊張”與下文緊密銜接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Youdon’thavetobeperfecttobeliked.Infact,ourimperfectionscanbepleasant.

(你不一定要完美才能被人喜歡。事實(shí)上，我們的不完美是令人愉快的)”指出正是我們的不完美令人感到愉快，E項(xiàng)“即使是我們的弱點(diǎn)也能拉近我們與他人的距離”與上文緊密銜接，ourweaknesses對(duì)應(yīng)上文中ourimperfections，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“It’sokaytomakemistakes.Everyonemakesmistakes;it’spartofbeinghuman.(犯錯(cuò)誤是可以的。每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)；這是做人的一部分)”說(shuō)明每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，犯錯(cuò)誤是可以被接受的，A項(xiàng)“所以，當(dāng)你陷入困境時(shí)，讓自己休息一下”對(duì)你犯錯(cuò)誤時(shí)提供了解決方案，與上文緊密銜接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Longago,AnneandIhadabigargumentoverapiano!“Thefamilyshouldlearntoplay,”shesaid,havingseenoneinashop.Itoldhertherewas____21____I’dpaysomuchmoneyfora(n)____22____noneofuscouldplay.Later,Ifoundagrandpianoatanauction(拍賣(mài)).Itwasafinepiece,ifabit____23____.ItoldtheauctioneerIwouldbuyitifitwentforlessthan￡50.____24____,itendedupinourlivingroom.Annehad____25____itandplacedavaseofflowersontop.Shewas____26____ofherpiano.Thechildrentooklessons,butitturnedouttheyweren’tnaturallytalentedin____27____.Oneday,Annecamebackfromteawithafriend,fullofpraiseforherfriend’s____28____room.“Therewasroomtomove,withthechairssetwellback—no____29____.”Shequietlyindicatedthatourpianoshouldbe____30____.Ididn’treact.Thematterwas____31____,butnotforlong.WhenIreturnedhomeoneday,thepianowasinthedoorway,readyfortheremoverstotakeittoasale.Wecameasneartoa____32____aswehadeverbeen.“Doyoulovethepianoorme?”she____33____firmly.InfairnesstoAnne,shelovesthehouseandIamproudofit.Icouldn’thandlethe____34____anymore.Thepianowassold.I’msorry,but____35____Inevercouldplaythething.21.A.noway B.noproblem C.nodoubt D.norisk22.A.sport B.game C.song D.instrument23.A.ugly B.light C.old D.big24.A.Eventually B.Gradually C.Surprisingly D.Fortunately25.A.repaired B.examined C.painted D.polished26.A.critical B.ashamed C.proud D.careful27.A.thinking B.acting C.music D.entertainment28.A.spacious B.comfortable C.bright D.elegant29.A.furniture B.piano C.vase D.flower30.A.removed B.replaced C.valued D.played31.A.tackled B.dropped C.discussed D.clarified32.A.comeback B.comedown C.breakup D.breakthrough33.A.repeated B.asked C.announced D.suggested34.A.pain B.loss C.pressure D.failure35.A.intheend B.ingeneral C.aboveall D.afterall【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.A25.D26.C27.C28.A29.B30.A31.B32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了因?yàn)槠拮右I(mǎi)鋼琴，作者與妻子大吵了一架，后來(lái)買(mǎi)了鋼琴，可孩子們并沒(méi)有音樂(lè)天賦，妻子又嫌鋼琴占地方，要賣(mài)掉鋼琴，作者與妻子又大吵了一架，最終，鋼琴被賣(mài)掉，畢竟作者也不會(huì)彈奏鋼琴。21題詳解】考查名詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我告訴她，我不可能花這么多錢(qián)買(mǎi)一種我們都不會(huì)演奏的樂(lè)器。A.noway沒(méi)門(mén)；不可能；B.noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題；C.nodoubt毫不懷疑；D.norisk沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Longago,AnneandIhadabigargumentoverapiano!”可知，作者跟安妮因?yàn)殇撉俅蟪骋患?，所以安妮說(shuō)要學(xué)彈鋼琴的時(shí)候，作者告訴她不可能花這么多錢(qián)買(mǎi)一種作者和她都不會(huì)演奏的樂(lè)器。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴她，我不可能花這么多錢(qián)買(mǎi)一種我們都不會(huì)演奏的樂(lè)器。A.sport運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.game游戲；C.song歌曲；D.instrument樂(lè)器。根據(jù)上文“Longago,AnneandIhadabigargumentoverapiano!”可知，作者跟安妮因?yàn)殇撉俅蟪骋患?，故作者告訴她不可能花這么多錢(qián)買(mǎi)一種作者和她都不會(huì)演奏的樂(lè)器。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一架很好的鋼琴，雖然有點(diǎn)大。A.ugly丑陋的；B.light輕的；C.old老的；D.big大的。根據(jù)上文“Later,Ifoundagrandpianoatanauction”可知，這架鋼琴有點(diǎn)大。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，它落在了我們的客廳里。A.Eventually最終；B.Gradually逐漸地；C.Surprisingly令人吃驚地；D.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地。根據(jù)下文“itendedupinourlivingroom.”可知，最終鋼琴進(jìn)了作者的家。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：安妮把它擦亮，在上面放了一瓶花。A.repaired修理；B.examined檢查；C.painted噴漆；D.polished擦亮。根據(jù)下文“placedavaseofflowersontop”可知，此處表示先把鋼琴擦亮，然后在上面放了一瓶花。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她為自己的鋼琴感到驕傲。A.critical關(guān)鍵的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.proud驕傲的；D.careful小心的。根據(jù)上文“Annehad

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itandplacedavaseofflowersontop.”可知，安妮很喜歡這架鋼琴，故她為自己的鋼琴感到驕傲。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們上了課，但事實(shí)證明他們天生就沒(méi)有音樂(lè)天賦。A.thinking思考；B.acting表演；C.music音樂(lè)；D.entertainment娛樂(lè)。根據(jù)上文“Thechildrentooklessons,but”可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故孩子們雖然上了鋼琴課，但是事實(shí)證明他們天生就沒(méi)有音樂(lè)天賦。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，安妮和一個(gè)朋友喝茶回來(lái)，對(duì)朋友寬敞的房間贊不絕口。A.spacious寬敞的；B.comfortable舒適的；C.bright明亮的；D.elegant優(yōu)雅的。根據(jù)下文“Therewasroomtomove,withthechairssetwellback”可知，安妮夸贊朋友寬敞的房間。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有活動(dòng)的空間，椅子放得很靠后——沒(méi)有鋼琴。A.furniture家具；B.piano鋼琴；C.vase花瓶；D.flower花。根據(jù)下文“Shequietlyindicatedthatourpianoshouldbe

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”可知，安妮暗示要搬走鋼琴，故此處表示沒(méi)有鋼琴。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她悄悄地暗示我們的鋼琴應(yīng)該搬走。A.removed移除；B.replaced替代；C.valued重視；D.played玩。根據(jù)上文“Therewasroomtomove,withthechairssetwellback—no___9___”可知，安妮夸贊朋友家寬敞，沒(méi)有鋼琴占地方，故此處表示安妮暗示要搬走鋼琴。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這件事