2025版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)2降的生活方式積極的生活態(tài)度1課時提能練含解析

PAGE課時提能練(二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(濟(jì)寧市2024年高考模擬考試)Physicalactivitycalorieequivalent(相等的東西)(PACE)labelscouldimproveonlabelsthatidentifyonlycaloriesandthenutrientcontent,accordingtoanewscientificreview.Undertheproposedsystem,asmallbarofchocolatewouldcarryalabelinformingconsumersthatitwouldtake23minutesofrunningor46minutesofwalkingtoburnoffthe230caloriesitcontains.Thelarge-scaleapplicationofPACElabelscould,onaverage,cutcalorieconsumptionbyupto200caloriesperpersonperday,accordingtoresearchers.AmandaDaley,leadresearcherfromLoughboroughUniversity，saidthatPACElabelswouldpresenttheinformationinamoreaccessiblewaytoconsumersthantheexistingcalorieandnutrientcontentlabels.ShetoldCNNthatthecurrentlabelingsystem“hasn'tmadeahugedifferencetoobesityintheUK”．Sheandherteamlookedatdatafrom14studiesthatexaminedtheeffectivenessofPACElabelinginreducingcalorieconsumption.Researcherscautionthatthenumberofstudiesincludedinthereviewwassmall,andmosttookplaceincontrolledenvironmentsratherthanreal-worldsettings,butstillconcludethatPACElabelingisworthtrying.Areductionofabout100caloriesperday,combinedwithasustainedincreaseinphysicalactivity,couldreduceobesityrates,accordingtoDaley.ShecalledPACEa“reallysimpleandreallystraightforward”strategy,andsuggesteditcouldbeusedonfoodanddrinkpackaging,supermarketlabelsandrestaurantmenus.However,NicholaLudlam-Raine，aregistereddietitianandspokespersonfortheBritishDieteticAssociation,flaggedsomeissueswithPACElabels.Ludlam-RainesaidPACE“couldbeextremelyproblematic”forthosewitheatingdisordersasitsuggeststhatfoodneedstobe“burntoff”．Italsopromotestheideathatcalories，ratherthannutrients,arethemainconsiderationwhenitcomestofood,sheadded.“Remember,youcannotoutrunabaddiet，”saidLudlam-Raine,explainingthatexercisingdoesn'tmeanyoucanliveoffchocolateandfizzydrinks.【語篇解讀】本文屬于說明文。PACE標(biāo)簽?zāi)軌蛞砸环N更易懂的方式展示食物的卡路里和養(yǎng)分含量，大規(guī)模應(yīng)用PACE標(biāo)簽，或可削減人們的熱量攝入。1．WhatdoesDaleythinkoftheexistinglabelingsystem?A．Itcontainsphysicalactivitycalories.B．Itaffectscalorieconsumptiongreatly.C．It'snoteffectiveenoughagainstobesity.D．Itcanbewidelyappliedtootherfields.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“ShetoldCNNthatthecurrentlabelingsystem‘hasn'tmadeahugedifferencetoobesityintheUK’”可知，AmandaDaley認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的標(biāo)簽體系并沒有對英國的肥胖問題產(chǎn)生巨大的影響，即不能足夠有效地解決肥胖問題。]2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flagged”inParagraph5mean?A．Pointedout. B．Leftout.C．Objectedto. D．Jumpedat.A[詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“Ludlam-RainesaidPACE‘couldbeextremelyproblematic’forthosewitheatingdisordersasitsuggeststhatfoodneedstobe‘burntoff’”可知，Ludlam-Raine講到了PACE標(biāo)簽對于那些飲食失調(diào)的人來說存在的問題，故畫線詞所在句應(yīng)表示她指出或提到一些有關(guān)PACE標(biāo)簽的問題，故選A項。pointout“指出；指明”。leaveout“遺漏，不包括”；objectto“反對，不贊成”；jumpat“迫不及待地接受”。]3．WhatcanbeinferredfromLudlam-Raine'swords?A．PACElabelingcauseseatingdisorders.B．Caloriesmattermorethannutrients.C．Havingagooddietismoreimportant.D．Takingexerciseisnotnecessaryatall.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“‘Remember，youcannotoutrunabaddiet，’saidLudlam-Raine，explainingthatexercisingdoesn'tmeanyoucanliveoffchocolateandfizzydrinks.”可知，有一個好的飲食習(xí)慣很重要。]4．Whichsectionofamagazineisthetextlikelyfrom?A．Fashion. B．Health.C．Sports. D．Technology.B[文章出處題。文章主要介紹了有助于削減消費者每天的卡路里攝入量的PACE標(biāo)簽，并在最終提到好的飲食習(xí)慣的必要性，故文章話題應(yīng)屬于“健康”這一范疇，最可能在雜志的健康版塊出現(xiàn)。]B(河北省石家莊二中2025屆高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)Cansnackingbeakeyelementofahealthylifestyle?Ifyourfirstresponseis“No！”，here'sachancetoupdateyouropinions.Someofuswereraisedwiththeadviceof“Nevereatbetweenmeals.”，whichcanprotectourteethfromsweets.Yettherecanbesignificantadvantagesofsnackingonhealthyfoods.Researchershavefoundthateatingfrequentmini-mealsoffershealthbenefits.Dr.DavidJenkinsandcolleaguesattheUniversityofTorontohavereportedsomeremarkableadvantages.Inonestudy,participantswererandomlydividedintotwogroupsandbothgroupsweregiventhesametypeandamountoffoodoveratwo-weekperiod.Onegroupconsumedthreemealsaday.Forthosehavinga“NibblingDiet”，foodwasdividedinto17mini-mealsaday.Aftertwoweeks,thenibblershadreducedtheirbloodcholesterol(膽固醇)levelsbymorethan15percent.Cortisol(皮質(zhì)醇),astressindicator,wasreducedby17percent.Averageseruminsulin(血清胰島素)levelsofnibblerswerereducedby28percent.Withlessinsulin,thebodyislesslikelytoconvertloadsofcaloriesintobodyfat.Also,youmaythinkeatingconcentratedsourcesoffatorsugar(orboth)willpacktheweightintoyourbody.However,seebelowforsomeexamplesofhealthysnacks：Nutsarehighinfatsokeepportionsmoderate.However,thefatcomeswithawealthofmineralsandprotectivesubstances.Forgrowingyoungsters,high-energyadults,athletesandthosewhohavedifficultymaintainingtheirweight,nutsareagreatsolution.Driedfruits(raisins,currants,apricots)helpyoustockuponiron.Ifyoutendtofeelcoldinwinter,keepraisinshandy.Whenyourbloodsugardrops,you'llhaveaninstantremedy.Freshfruitisalsoagreatchoice.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇爭論文，很多人從小就被教化“兩餐之間不要吃東西”，然而，探討人員發(fā)覺，常常吃健康的零食對身體有很大的好處。5．Whydoestheauthorproposeaquestionatthebeginningofthepassage?A．Toraisethereaders'awarenessofrefusingsnacks.B．Toarousethereaders'interestinthetopic.C．Toshowthesignificanceofhealthylifestyles.D．Toemphasizetheimportanceofeatingsnacks.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Cansnackingbeakeyelementofahealthylifestyle？Ifyourfirstresponseis‘No！’，here'sachancetoupdateyouropinions.”和下文介紹的常常吃健康零食的好處可知，文章開頭的問題是為了引起讀者對該話題的愛好，從而引出文章的主題。故選B項。]6．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“NibblingDiet”inParagraph2referto?A．Noteatingtoomuchfoodatatime.B．Eatingmanysnacksatatime.C．Eatingfoodgentlyeachtime.D．Eatingfoodquicklyeachtime.A[詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Onegroupconsumedthreemealsaday.”和畫線部分后的foodwasdividedinto17mini-mealsaday可知，此處指參加者被隨機(jī)分為兩組，在兩周的時間里，兩組都被供應(yīng)相同種類和數(shù)量的食物；一組人每天吃三頓飯，另一組每天的食物則被分成17份。由此可推知，畫線部分應(yīng)指一次不吃太多食物。故選A項。]7．Howdoestheauthorconvincereaderstobelievehisopinion?A．Byexplainingsomeconcepts.B．Byusingmanyexperts'words.C．Byaskingmanyspecificquestions.D．Bygivingsomeexamples.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的內(nèi)容可知，作者通過介紹一項探討試驗來論證自己的觀點，而第四段至第六段作者舉例說明不同的人應(yīng)當(dāng)吃什么健康零食，所以作者是通過舉例來讓讀者信服他的觀點的。故選D項。]8．Whocanbenefitfromdriedfruitsindailylife?A．Anathletewhoneedstomaintainhisweight.B．Achildwhoiseagertogrowupquickly.C．Agirlwhowantstowarmherselfinwinter.D．Apatientwholongstodecreasehisbloodsugar.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Driedfruits(raisins，currants，apricots)helpyoustockuponiron.Ifyoutendtofeelcoldinwinter，keepraisinshandy.”可知，假如你冬天簡單感到冷的話，可以把葡萄干放在手邊，當(dāng)作零食。由此可知，想要在冬天讓自己溫煦起來的女孩會從葡萄干這種干果中受益。故選C項。]Ⅱ.完形填空(山東省膠東示范校2025屆高三下學(xué)期聯(lián)考)Itstartedoutasanordinaryday.Iwasshoppingwhenit1methatIhadpromisedtodoareadingchallenge.Withthisinmind，Ipickeda2byRachelHollisandwenthome.ShortlyafterIsatdownreading,mydogstartedbarking.3，Ithrewthebookdownontothecushionto4thedog.WhenIreturned,Ifounda(n)55-dollarbillonthefloor.Assumingitflewoutofthebook,Iglancedthroughpagesinthe6offindingaclue.Ithenfoundanotebetweenthechapters.It7，“Tothepersonwhobuysthisbook：I'mhavingahardday.MaybeIcould8someoneelse'swiththislittlegift...”Ithoughtitwassomeonereally9thatshiftedtheenergyonsuchabaddayto10someoneelse's.IfIwashaving11days,I'djustwanttosettlebackeatingicecream!Ithensharedthesweetgestureonawebsite,whichreceivedthousandsoflikes.NowIam12withresponsesfrompeoplewhohavebeen13topaythegooddeedforward.Ihopethecountlessnewstorieswill14theauthorofthenote,sothatshecouldknowthe15ofhersimplekindness.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者買回家一本書，意外發(fā)覺里面夾著一張鈔票和便條，原來是一個生疏人在自己不如意的一天給別人打算的禮物。作者將這一善舉上傳到網(wǎng)上后，引發(fā)了一連串的善行。1．A.worried B．remindedC．hit D．shockedC[結(jié)合語境和下文中的“Withthisinmind”可知，作者正在購物時，突然想起自己曾承諾要進(jìn)行一項閱讀挑戰(zhàn)。hit后跟sb.，可以表示“使某人突然想起”。]2．A.list B．noteC．record D．workD[想到了這件事，作者選擇了一本RachelHollis的書，然后回家了。work“著作，(藝術(shù))作品”。]3．A.Eventually B．ConsequentlyC．Gradually D．SuddenlyB[作者坐下看書后不久，她的狗就起先叫了起來。因此她把書扔到墊子上，去查看她的小狗。依據(jù)語境可知，空處前后之間是因果關(guān)系，所以此處用副詞consequently“結(jié)果，因此，所以”。]4．A.checkon B．bringinC．holdup D．findoutA[參見上題解析。]5．A.moving B．a(chǎn)musingC．confusing D．satisfyingC[作者發(fā)覺在地上稀里糊涂多了一張5美元的鈔票，感到很驚異。confusing“令人困惑的”。]6．A.expectation B．formC．direction D．processA[作者假定錢是從書中飛出來的，于是翻閱書頁，希望能找到線索。intheexpectationof“希望……，期盼……”。]7．A.writes B．readsC．shows D．meansB[作者發(fā)覺了一張夾在書中的便條，上面寫的有內(nèi)容。read“(指示牌、信上等)寫著”。]8．A.observe B．memorizeC．lengthen D．brightenD[此處表示“我這一天過得不好，或許我可以用這個小禮物使別人有愉悅的一天”。brighten“使更快樂，使更好玩”。]9．A.creative B．elegantC．energetic D．specialD[依據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容以及下文作者拿自己與寫便條的人作對比“IfIwashaving...settlebackeatingicecream！”可知，寫便條的人某一天的日子很艱難，但卻轉(zhuǎn)移精力去改善別人的一天，作者認(rèn)為這樣的人很特殊。special“特殊的，特殊的”。]10．A.praising B．improvingC．understanding D．noticingB[結(jié)合語境以及上文提到的“withthislittlegift”可知，寫便條的人想改善別人的一天。improve“改善”。]11．A.busy B．pleasantC．tough D．boringC[上文中的“I'mhavingahardday”“onsuchabadday”示意了此處是作者拿自己與寫便條的人作對比。tough“艱苦的，艱難的”。]12．A.flooded B．a(chǎn)ssociatedC．faced D．providedA[作者現(xiàn)在收到了很多人的回復(fù)。befloodedwithsth.“大量收到某物”。]13．A.interested B．inspiredC．recommended D．urgedB[他們被這一善舉鼓舞(inspired)，都以實際行動把這種善行傳遞下去。]14．A.change B．helpC．connect D．reachD[依據(jù)下文中的“sothatshecouldknow”可知，作者希望這些新的故事最終能傳到便條的作者那里。reach“得知(信息)”。]15．A.purpose B．spreadC．impact D．reputationC[作者希望便條的作者能充分了解到自己的善舉所帶來的影響。impact“影響”。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·新高考八省聯(lián)考卷)Likemanyotherstudents，youmayhavevariouspeople，1.________(include)familymembersandfriends，givinginputonyourcollegedecision.Whilemanyofyourtrustedrelativesandpeers(同齡人)mayhavevery2.________(value)advicethatcanhelpyoutomakethedecision，finallythechoiceisyoursandyoursalone.Onlyyoucanfullyrealizewhichaspectsofacollegewillmakeyoutrulyhappyand3.________(satisfy)，sokeepthatatthefrontofyourmind.Moreover，fullyconsidereachoption.Itcanbeeasy4.________(let)aparticularschoolbecomeafront-runnerearlyon5.________yourdecision-makingprocess，anditmayevenbecomethewinningchoice—butbesuretocarefullyevaluateeveryschool6.________hasacceptedyou，sinceyouhadparticularreasonsforapplyingtoeachschool.Dokeep7.________openmind.Studentscanchangemajors，butrememberthatthere'snore-livingacertainsemester(學(xué)期)，andthere'snomakingupforlosttime.Don'tgotoaschool8.________(specific)forahighschoolrelationship9.________tomakesomeoneelsehappy.A10.________(student)collegeexperienceishisorherown，andthestudentmustputhisorhereducationfirst.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要是關(guān)于學(xué)生該如何選擇自己要上的學(xué)校的建議，說明白雖然親戚和摯友可能有特別有價值的建議，但還是要自己做確定，充分考慮每一種選擇，保持開放的心態(tài)，把自己的教化放在首位。1．including[考查介詞。句意：像很多其他學(xué)生一樣，