2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專題二名詞學(xué)案新人教版

PAGE專題二名詞————————————?知識(shí)梳理?———————————一、名詞概況名詞的分類一般名詞個(gè)體名詞table桌子；lawyer律師；cat貓；sister姐妹集體名詞people人們；class班；army軍隊(duì)；family家庭物質(zhì)名詞water水；sun陽(yáng)光；snow雪；hair頭發(fā)抽象名詞hope希望；health健康；love愛；weather天氣專出名詞Tom湯姆；China中國(guó)；Beijing北京；theWorldTradeOrganization世界貿(mào)易組織名詞的句法功能作主語(yǔ)Waterfreezesbelowzero.Thecarwillseatsixpeople.作賓語(yǔ)Weloveourcountry.Wehavefinishedthetask.Hegavemesomebooks.作表語(yǔ)Heisagooddoctor.Maryhasbecomealawyer.Heremainsasingleman.作定語(yǔ)bloodtype血型；dressshop服裝店；warstory斗爭(zhēng)故事；morningpaper早報(bào)；bodytemperature體溫；girlfriend女摯友；womandoctor女醫(yī)生作狀語(yǔ)Waitaminute.Heworkstenhourseveryday.作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Mikeisconsideredagoodmonitor.WeelectedJackmonitor.名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Shehasthreebrothers.Theaudienceareenjoyingeveryminuteoftheplay.不行數(shù)名詞Cakeisakindoffood.Thisfactoryproducessteel.名詞的全部格's全部格Mary'sbike瑪麗的自行車；fiveweeks'holiday五周的假期；thetree'sbranches樹枝of全部格thelegsofthechair椅子的腿；theworksofMarkTwin馬克·吐溫的作品雙重全部格afriendofmybrother's我兄弟的一個(gè)摯友；apictureofmine我的一張照片二、名詞的幾個(gè)留意事項(xiàng)留意事項(xiàng)例詞例句特別的復(fù)數(shù)形式單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞sheep綿羊；deer鹿；means方法；series系列；works工廠；Chinese中國(guó)人It'saneffectivemeansofcommunication.Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.Therearemanysteelworkshere.TheChineseareindustriousandbrave.只表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的集體名詞people人們；police警察；cattle牛Millionsofpeoplehavelosttheirhomes.Policesaytheyhavearrestedtwentypeople.側(cè)重成員時(shí)表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，側(cè)重整體時(shí)表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞class班級(jí)；family家庭；team隊(duì)；public大眾；army軍隊(duì)；government政府Tohimthefamilyisthecoreofsociety.Herfamilyareallmusiclovers.Thepublichavelostfaithinwhatthegovernmentisdoing.Thepublichasrespondedgreatlytoourefforts.常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞glasses眼鏡；trousers褲子；goods商品，貨物；woods森林，樹林；times時(shí)代；surroundings環(huán)境；arms武器；papers文件，試卷，論文；belongings財(cái)產(chǎn)；manners禮貌Yourtrousersareputonthebed.Wherearemyglasses?Theymaystillbe,buttimeshavechanged.Theworkingconditionsandsurroundingsaresoexcellenthere.Ineededtosortmybelongings.Goodmannersareimportanttoeveryoneintheworld.有兩種復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞peopleeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(人民—people,民族—peoples))fisheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(魚（條數(shù)）—fish,魚（種類）—fishes))pennyeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(便士（面值）—pence,便士（硬幣個(gè)數(shù)）—pennies))不行數(shù)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(tea茶,atea一杯茶))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(beer啤酒,abeer一杯啤酒))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(coffee咖啡,acoffee一杯咖啡))抽象名詞afailure失敗的人或事；apleasure令人興奮的人或事；asuccess勝利的人或事Itwasarelieftositdown.Hehadagoodknowledgeofmathematics.FirstIheardanoise.Wewillmeettomorrowandmakeadecisionthen.Thehurricanelastnightwasagreatsurprise.Theytelephonethepeopleandfixatimeforaface-to-faceinterview.TheconcertthatJohnDenverorganizedwasagreatsuccess.專出名詞aJack一個(gè)叫做杰克的人She'stryingtofindaJackChenhere.WehavetwoJackshereinouroffice.名詞作定語(yǔ)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)sportsmeeting運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)；salesmanager銷售經(jīng)理Willtheschoolsportsmeetingbeheldnextweek?Weshou