2025屆高考英語一輪復習第二部分語法專項突破第一板塊構建基礎詞法專題二名詞學案新人教版

PAGE專題二名詞————————————?知識梳理?———————————一、名詞概況名詞的分類一般名詞個體名詞table桌子；lawyer律師；cat貓；sister姐妹集體名詞people人們；class班；army軍隊；family家庭物質名詞water水；sun陽光；snow雪；hair頭發(fā)抽象名詞hope希望；health健康；love愛；weather天氣專出名詞Tom湯姆；China中國；Beijing北京；theWorldTradeOrganization世界貿易組織名詞的句法功能作主語Waterfreezesbelowzero.Thecarwillseatsixpeople.作賓語Weloveourcountry.Wehavefinishedthetask.Hegavemesomebooks.作表語Heisagooddoctor.Maryhasbecomealawyer.Heremainsasingleman.作定語bloodtype血型；dressshop服裝店；warstory斗爭故事；morningpaper早報；bodytemperature體溫；girlfriend女摯友；womandoctor女醫(yī)生作狀語Waitaminute.Heworkstenhourseveryday.作補足語Mikeisconsideredagoodmonitor.WeelectedJackmonitor.名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Shehasthreebrothers.Theaudienceareenjoyingeveryminuteoftheplay.不行數(shù)名詞Cakeisakindoffood.Thisfactoryproducessteel.名詞的全部格's全部格Mary'sbike瑪麗的自行車；fiveweeks'holiday五周的假期；thetree'sbranches樹枝of全部格thelegsofthechair椅子的腿；theworksofMarkTwin馬克·吐溫的作品雙重全部格afriendofmybrother's我兄弟的一個摯友；apictureofmine我的一張照片二、名詞的幾個留意事項留意事項例詞例句特別的復數(shù)形式單復數(shù)同形的名詞sheep綿羊；deer鹿；means方法；series系列；works工廠；Chinese中國人It'saneffectivemeansofcommunication.Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.Therearemanysteelworkshere.TheChineseareindustriousandbrave.只表示復數(shù)意義的集體名詞people人們；police警察；cattle牛Millionsofpeoplehavelosttheirhomes.Policesaytheyhavearrestedtwentypeople.側重成員時表示復數(shù)意義，側重整體時表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞class班級；family家庭；team隊；public大眾；army軍隊；government政府Tohimthefamilyisthecoreofsociety.Herfamilyareallmusiclovers.Thepublichavelostfaithinwhatthegovernmentisdoing.Thepublichasrespondedgreatlytoourefforts.常以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞glasses眼鏡；trousers褲子；goods商品，貨物；woods森林，樹林；times時代；surroundings環(huán)境；arms武器；papers文件，試卷，論文；belongings財產；manners禮貌Yourtrousersareputonthebed.Wherearemyglasses?Theymaystillbe,buttimeshavechanged.Theworkingconditionsandsurroundingsaresoexcellenthere.Ineededtosortmybelongings.Goodmannersareimportanttoeveryoneintheworld.有兩種復數(shù)形式的名詞peopleeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(人民—people,民族—peoples))fisheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(魚（條數(shù)）—fish,魚（種類）—fishes))pennyeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(便士（面值）—pence,便士（硬幣個數(shù)）—pennies))不行數(shù)名詞轉換為可數(shù)名詞物質名詞eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(tea茶,atea一杯茶))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(beer啤酒,abeer一杯啤酒))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(coffee咖啡,acoffee一杯咖啡))抽象名詞afailure失敗的人或事；apleasure令人興奮的人或事；asuccess勝利的人或事Itwasarelieftositdown.Hehadagoodknowledgeofmathematics.FirstIheardanoise.Wewillmeettomorrowandmakeadecisionthen.Thehurricanelastnightwasagreatsurprise.Theytelephonethepeopleandfixatimeforaface-to-faceinterview.TheconcertthatJohnDenverorganizedwasagreatsuccess.專出名詞aJack一個叫做杰克的人She'stryingtofindaJackChenhere.WehavetwoJackshereinouroffice.名詞作定語常以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞作定語時用復數(shù)sportsmeeting運動會；salesmanager銷售經(jīng)理Willtheschoolsportsmeetingbeheldnextweek?Weshou