31885447Unit3講義2021-2022學(xué)年人教版八年級英語下冊

Unit3

Could

you

please

clean

your

room?新課知識講解與練習(xí)單詞檢測：名詞：垃圾；廢棄物n__________地板n_________雜亂；不整潔n_________襯衫n_________手指n__________雜務(wù)；乏味無聊的工作n_____點心；小吃；快餐n_____精神壓力；心理負(fù)擔(dān)n____鄰居n___________獨(dú)立n________公正性；合理性n_____動詞：折疊；對折v_______掃；打掃v__________扔；擲v_______給；遞；走過；通過v_______借；借用v________借給；借出v_______厭惡；討厭v_______浪費(fèi)；濫用v__________提供；供應(yīng)v______依靠；信賴v_______發(fā)展；壯大v________落下；掉下v_______形容詞：有?。徊皇娣dj________獨(dú)立的；自主的adj________合理的；公正的adj_______不合理的；不公正的adj_____副詞：也不adv________而且；加之；adv________連詞：與.同時；當(dāng).的時候；然而conj__________因為；既然conj__________從..以后；自..以來prepconjadv__________詞組檢測：重點短語1.haveafever發(fā)燒2.haveacough咳嗽3.haveatoothache牙疼4.talktoomuch說得太多5.drinkenoughwater喝足夠的水6.haveacold受涼;感冒7.haveastomachache胃疼8.haveasoreback背疼9.haveasorethroat喉嚨痛10.liedownandrest躺下來休息11.sothat以便12.seeadentist看牙醫(yī)13.getanXray拍X光片14.takeone’stemperature量體溫15.giveup放棄16.keepondoingsth.堅持做某事17.soundlike聽起來像18.runout(of)用完;用盡19.inthesameway以同樣的方式20.beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣做某事21.goalong沿著……走23.makeadecision做出決定24.withoutthinkingtwice沒有多想25.getoff下車26.haveaheartproblem有心臟病27.toone’ssurprise使.......驚京訝的28.thanksto多虧了；由于29.intime及時30.savealife挽救生命31.getintotrouble造成麻煩32.rightaway立刻；馬上33.becauseof由于34.getoutof離開;從……出萍35.hurtoneself受傷36.takerisks冒險37.falldown摔倒38.feelsick感到惡心/感到不舒服39.haveanosebleed流鼻血40.so...that如此……以至于…41.haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困難42.beincontrolof掌管;管理語法學(xué)習(xí)：情景對話—could表示請求、建議例題：1.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Ofcourseyou_______. A.can B.must C.should D.will2.—Couldyoupleasenotkeepthewaterrunning?—_______.I’mturningofftheshower.A.OK,Iwill B.That’sallright C.Sorry,Iwon’t3.—GouldIhaveyournameplease,sir?—_________.A.Oh,no B.You’repoliteC.CallmeMary D.It’skindofyou4.—GouldyoulookaftermygardenwhileI’maway?―_________. A.WithpleasureB.Holdon,pleaseC.IagreewithyouD.That’sagoodidea5.—Couldyouanswerthisquestion,please?―__________. A.IcouldB.Yes,Icouldn’tC.NevermindD.Well.Letmetry6.—Gouldyoue,please?IwantsomeHelp.—___________.A.Yes,IcouldB.You’reweleC.Sure.I’mingnowD.That’sright7.—CouldIspeaktoMr.White,please?”—__________.A.Sorry,I’mafraidhe’soutatthemoment.B.Ofcourseyoucould.C.Ifyouwant,you’lljusthavetowait.D.No,youcouldn’t.重點總結(jié)：Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？【解析1】Couldyoupleasedosth?請你（做）......好嗎？用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。Could不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t【解析2】takeout取出（v+adv）【注】:跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊【短語】takeouttherubbish倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace發(fā)生takeoff脫下；起飛Thegiftisinthebox.Youcantakeitout.2.IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了?！窘馕?】twohoursofTV表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyears_______(be)reallyashorttime.作形容詞 作形容詞足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）【解析2】enoughIdon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.作副詞作副詞 足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【記】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。3.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面，我媽媽就過來了。【解析1】theminute=assoonas“一......就......”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.infrontof【解析2】infrontof指在物體外部的前面Thereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.inthefrontof【辨析】inthefrontof指在物體內(nèi)部的前面Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom.【記】Thedriversat________________thecar.Thepolicemanstood___________thecar.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大：attable吃飯；進(jìn)餐atthetable在桌邊inhospital住院inthehospital在醫(yī)院（不一定看?。?.I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累！【解析】as...as...和......一樣......【注】比較級倍數(shù)表達(dá)句型為：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞、副詞原級+as+比較對象Herfaceisasredasanapple.notso/as…as…5.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的時間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做?！窘馕觥縩either+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語“某人（主語）也不”⑴neither兩者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表達(dá)“…也不……”則用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”6.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。【解析】find+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語【注】find→found→foundv尋找(1)findsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難7.“I’mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandfortablehome.”Ireplied.“對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?！蔽一卮鹫f?！窘馕?】needv需要用于肯定句，是實義動詞。(1)人做主語，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事(2)物做主語，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedoneThedeskneedsrepairing.Thedeskneedstoberepaired.用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞(1)needn’t=don’thaveto沒有必要(2)need,must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t—MustIgotherenow?—Yes，youmust/No,youneedn’tsharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.與某人分享某物8.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？【解析】pass（1）v給；遞；走過；通過passsb.sth把某物遞給某人Passon傳遞Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通過；路過Ipassyourhome.⑶v通過（考試）；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.9.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本書看嗎Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些錢嗎？【解析】borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow借入,與from連用，尤指主語“【借進(jìn)來”】borrowsthfromsb.從某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出,與to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借給某人Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.(3)keep保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】10.CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀請某人去某地【解析】invitev→invitationn邀請(1)invitesb.todosth邀請某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地點邀請某人去某地Youshouldrefusehis__________(invite).Heisreallyfriendly.①Weinvitedhim_______(join)ustopracticespeakingEnglish.②Heinvitedalotoffriends_________(e)tohisbirthdayparty.11.Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)?！窘馕觥縨akesb.dosth讓某人做某事make→made→madev.做，制作，使得(1)makesb/sth+形容詞“讓某人或某物…”makeyouhappy(2)makesb/sthdosth使某人做某事makemelaugh.12.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時間?！窘馕觥縜wasteof浪費(fèi)awasteoftime浪費(fèi)時間awasteofmoney浪費(fèi)金錢wastev“浪費(fèi)”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花費(fèi)時間/金錢13.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學(xué)，他們應(yīng)該把時間用在學(xué)習(xí)上。【解析1】spend...onsth在某事上花費(fèi)......spend/pay/cost/take花費(fèi)(1)spend→spent→spentv花費(fèi),主語是人◆sb.+spend+時間/錢+onsth◆sb.+spend+時間/錢+（in）doingsth◆spendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeontheputergames.(2)pay→paid→paidv支付，主語是人◆sb.+pay+錢+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.(3)cost→cost→costv花費(fèi)，主語是某物或某事◆sthcostsb.+錢某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢Anewputercostsmealotofmoney.(4)take→took→takenv花費(fèi)◆Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto“目的是；為了”后接動詞原形。inordertodosth為了做某事14.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohouseworksothere’snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，當(dāng)他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做?！窘馕觥縢etolder長大get/bee/go辨析：=1\*GB2⑴get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.=2\*GB2⑵bee強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果Webecamefriends.=3\*GB2⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情gobad變壞，goblind變瞎，gohungry挨餓15.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)。【解析】providesth.forsb.為某人提供某物providev提供providesb.withsth.(sth前需加介詞with)=providesthforsb.(sb前介詞用for)供應(yīng)某人某物相當(dāng)于：offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.provide為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“提供；供給”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offer側(cè)重表示“愿意給予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.對某人提供某物offertodosth主動提出干某事supply定期“供應(yīng)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.為某人提供某物16.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.無論如何，我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不那么難?！窘馕觥縜nyway無論如何,(一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開）17....Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每個人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整潔?！窘馕?】doone’spart盡職責(zé)；盡本分Doone’spartindoingsth在做某事上盡職責(zé)【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+adj.“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”keep系動詞“保持”keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.實義動詞“保持；繼續(xù)”(1)keep(on)doingsth繼續(xù)做某事Hewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworking(2)keepsb.doingsth讓某人一直做某事I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.18.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做雜務(wù)不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约骸！窘馕觥縟evelopindependence培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識developv→developmentn發(fā)展→developingadj.發(fā)展的→developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的adevelopingcountry一個發(fā)展中國家adevelopedcountry一個發(fā)達(dá)國家19.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子們越早學(xué)會獨(dú)立，對他們的未來越好?！窘馕觥縯he+比較級…，the+比較級…“越......越......”單元檢測：1.—CouldIborrowyourcamera?—___________，butpleasegiveitbackbySaturday.A.IamsorryB.OfcourseC.CertainlynotD.No,thanks2.Ihavetwosisters,but________ofthemisateacher.A.allB.neitherC.bothD.none3.Whenanearthquakehappens,andyouareoutdoors,youshouldgotoanopenareaas_____aspossible.A.quickly B.quietly C.loudly D.slowly4.LiuYingisgoodatsinging.Shesings______thefamoussinger,CoCo.A.aswellas B.asgoodas C.asbetterasD.asthebestas5.—Whichmagazinedoyoulikebetter,CrazyReadingorTeen’sspace?—Ilike___ofthem.TheyareusefulforEnglishlessons.A.noneB.neitherC.allD.both6.－Whichdoyouprefer,aCDplayerorawalkman?－______.Ipreferaportableputer.A.Both B.Either C.None D.Neither7.—Sir,couldyoupleaseputoutyourcigarette?Thisisasmokefree（無煙的）school.—__________A.I'msorryaboutthis.B.NoproblemC.Sure,I'dlovetoD.Nevermind8.—TheteachersspeakeitherEnglishorFrench,oreven_______.—That'ssocool!A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none9.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,_______toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.A.wereinvitedB.wasinvitedC.havebeeninvitedD.hasbeeninvited10.Tom,wouldyouplease___thebox?It’sforyoursister.A.notopenB.don’topenC.nottoopenD.tonotopen11.Youhadbetterhurryorwe’llbelatefortheplane.Theplanewill_______inafewminutes.A.takeup B.takedown C.takeoff D.takeaway12.Nowallofusexerciseat___least____houraday.A.the;aB.a;anC.不填；aD.不填；an13.Youmay___thebookfortwoweeks.A.keepB.borrowC.lendD.buy14.Hespeaks______English______French.Instead,hespeaksGerman.Aeither;orBnotonly;butalsoCboth;andDneither;nor15.Althoughyoulikethebook,youmayonly______itfortwoweeks.A.borrowB.keepC.lendD.stay.16.—MayI____yourdictionary?—Sorry.LiLei____itforfivedays.A.lend;borrowedB.borrow;haskeptC.borrow;hasborrowedD.lend;haslent17. Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved（涉及）,possibly______twenty.A.asfewas B.aslittleas C.asmanyas D.asmuchas18.Iwasverysurprisedwhenthealienwentintoasouvenirshop.A.excitedB.amazingC.relaxingD.amazed19.It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnow____largeaswhatitwas.A.twiceasB.astwiceC.twicemuchD.muchtwice20.Thegreatwriterhaswrittenmanystoriesforchildren.Itissaidthatanewonewill______attheendofthismonth.A.gooutB.eoutC.lookoutD.runout21.Scientistsaretryingtheirbestto_______waystotreattheterriblediseasecalledH7N9.A.eupwith B.lookforwardto C.talkabout D.giveup22.Tomdidn’tgotoschool_____thismorningbecauseheoverslept（睡過頭）.A.atonceB.ontimeC.byaccidentD.atpresent23.—Canyoufinish____thesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.A.toreadB.readC.readsD.reading24.—Doyouknowthegirl__________isstanding__________thebus?—Yes,sheismyfriend,ZhangYing.A.that,inthefrontofB.whom,underC.who,infrontofD.which,behind25.Ican’tplaythepiano,and_____.A.neithercanmysisterB.mysistercan’t,tooC.socan’tmysisterD.canmysister,either26.Ourteacheroftenasksus_____questionsingroups.A.discussB.todiscussC.discussingD.discussed27.IfNancy__theexam,shewillgotoAustraliaforEnglishstudy.A.passB.passedC.passesD.willpass28.Whenyouhavedifficulty,dorememberto__.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.A.makeadecisionB.giveupC.askforhelpD.giveadvice29.Mr.Liasksthestudents____intheriver,becauseit’stoodangerous.A.swimB.toswimC.nottoswimD.tonotswim30.Don’tthrowawaythewastepaper,Itneeds__sothatitcanbereused.A.todestroyB.destroyingC.tocollectD.collecting31.—Ididn’thearyoueinjustnow.—That’sgood.Wetried____anynoise,foryouweresleeping.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.Making32._____thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.A.WhenB.IfC.WhileD.Once33.Annoftenhelpsme___mathafterschool.A.forB.withC.onD.by34.—Canyoufinish___thesebooksbefore10o’clock?—Yes,Ican.A.toreadB.readC.readsD.reading35.Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey___putergames.A.playB.areplayingC.haveplayedD.wereplaying36.______yourhelp,wecouldn’tcatchthethief.WithB.UnderC.ForD.Without37.–Idon’tlikerainydays.—_____.Rainydaysalwaysmakemesad.A.NeitherdoIB.SodoIC.NeitherIdoD.SoIdo38.Weshouldtry___muchfruit.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.eats39.IfyouhavedifficultyinlearningEnglish,youshouldaskyourteacheroryourclassmates___help.A.forB.ofC.inD.on40.Theyoungshould___theold___adviceatwork.A.ask;forB.ask;toC.askfor;/D.asks;/閱讀表達(dá)：AThesummerholidayising,whichcanbearelaxingtimeforsleeping,eatinggoodmealsandseeingoldfriends.Trytotakesometimeofffromschoolandspendafewweeksoffun.Herearesomeideasforplanningyoursummerholiday.Firstofall,joiningaclubisagoodchoice!Youcanjoinamusicclub,asportscluboranartclub.It’sgoodforyourfuturedevelopmentandtheteachersintheclubcangiveyougoodadvice.Doingsomethinggoodforsocietyisalsogreat.Therearemanyvolunteer(志愿的)programmesforyoutochoosefrom,suchaslookingaftertheoldortheyoung,cleaningthestreets,plantingtreesorkeepingthetrafficinorder.Youknowthatteenscanalsomaketheworldbetter.Haveyoueverlivedwithanotherfamily?Youcanjoininaprogrammecalled“MeetingaNewFamily”.Twofamiliesexchangetheirchildrenforsometimesothattheycanlearnhowtogetonwellwithothers.Summercampisstillpopulartoday.AnEnglishsummercampmaybeagoodchoice.YoucannotonlymakefriendsbutalsopracticeyourEnglish.任務(wù)一：閱讀短文，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容補(bǔ)全所給的五個殘缺的句子。每空只填一詞1.Thewritergivessomeideasfor______

yoursummerholiday.

2.Tolearndrawing,youcanjoinan______

club.

3.Teenscanmaketheworldbetterby______

asvolunteers.

4.InanEnglishsummercampyoucan______

yourEnglish.

5.Ifyouareoneofthechildrenintheprogramme“MeetingaNewFamily”,you______

livewithyouownparentsforsometime.任務(wù)二：列舉Thewaystorelaxinthesummerholiday:_____________ 7._____________ 8._____________任務(wù)三：翻譯文中畫線部分：9.________________________________________任務(wù)四：回答問題:Howmanypiecesofadvicedidthewritergiveusforspendingar