專題03 動詞和動詞短語,動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致-五年(2020-2024)高考英語真題分類匯編(新高考專用)(原卷版)

2020-2024年五年高考真題分類匯編PAGEPAGE1專題03動詞和動詞短語、動詞的時態(tài),語態(tài)和主謂一致五年(2020-2024)高考英語真題分類匯編(新高考專用)第一部分動詞和動詞短語考點考情考查特定語境下動詞和動詞短語詞義辨析2020江蘇卷—classify;2020江蘇卷—allowfor;命題趨向和技巧點撥考查特定語境下動詞和動詞短語詞義辨析，學會借助于詞義、搭配、邏輯進行辨析。五年真題1.(2020江蘇卷)Therewillstillbelotsofchallengesifweareto________garbageinashorttime.A.clarify B.justify C.satisfy D.classify2.(2020江蘇卷)Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s,________anewgenerationofvirtualreality.A.allowingfor B.accountingfor C.callingfor D.compensatingfor第二部分動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致考點五年考情分布考點1：動詞的時態(tài)2024浙江1月卷—havestarted2022浙江1月卷—haspromised2022新課標II卷—wasfixing;2021浙江卷—sold2023新課標II卷—wished2022浙江卷—noticed;2020新課標—formed;考點2動詞的語態(tài)2024新課標II卷—wasbuilt2022新課標I卷—isdesigned;2021浙江1月卷—isconsidered;2021浙江卷—waspainted;2020新課標—arecalled。2024浙江1月卷—couldbeoffered;2022浙江卷—canbeappreciated;考點3主謂一致2024新課標I卷--walks;2024新課標II卷--were;2022新課標I卷—were;2021新課標II卷—was2021新課標I卷--was一.命題趨向高考中通常把時態(tài)和語境結合起來考查(常在語法填空)。題干中往往沒有明確的時間狀語，需要考生搜索出時間參照信息。1.考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法，且句中有明確的時間狀語提示，尤其要掌握一般過去時，現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語標志。2.考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示，如Itisthefirsttimethat…等。3.考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法，且需要考慮主從復合句時態(tài)呼應。4.考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法，且需要考慮語境整體時態(tài)。5.考查情態(tài)動詞在被動語態(tài)用法，且注意情態(tài)動詞后接動詞原形基本用法。二.技巧點撥1.掌握獨特的時間狀語標志(1)題干中如用always，often，seldom，sometimes，usually等，用一般現(xiàn)在時。(2)題干中如用yesterday，lastnight，afewdaysago，theotherday等，用一般過去時。(3)題干中如用tomorrow，nextyear，inaweek等，用一般將來時。(4)題干中如用now，atpresent等，用現(xiàn)在進行時。(5)題干中如用atthattime，then，atsixo’clockyesterday等，用過去進行時。(6)題干中如用atthistimetomorrow，from1o’clockto3o’clocktomorrow等，用將來進行時。(7)題干中如用since，sofar，uptonow，in/over/duringthelastyear/pastfewyears等，用現(xiàn)在完成時。2.熟記固定句型中的時態(tài)(1)bedoing...when...，when前面的句子常用過去進行時，when后面的句子常用一般過去時。(2)Itis/hasbeen＋時間段＋since...表示“自從……以來已……”，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時或一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用一般過去時。(3)祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句，陳述句常用一般將來時。3.分清主動被動，辨析語態(tài)看到主語為物，且動詞為及物動詞，要想到用被動語態(tài)。4.找準句子中的主語，看主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)。5.牢記特殊用法的結構，用對謂語動詞的數(shù)。6.注意結合時態(tài)和語態(tài)。一.考查動詞時態(tài)。1.(2024浙江1月卷)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).2.(2024浙江1月卷)However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimes________(offer)insmallerpacks.3.(2023新課標II卷)Asalittlegirl,I________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.4.(2022浙江卷)Whenhefelta3DversionofLeonardodaVinci’s“MonaLisa”he________(notice)hersmilerightaway.”Icanactuallyfeelwhatyouseewhenyoulookatit,”hesaid.5.(2022浙江1月卷)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.6.(2022新課標II卷)Henry________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.7.(2021浙江卷)AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand________(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.8.(2020新課標)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,________(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumthatopenedin1759.二.動詞語態(tài)9.(2024新課標II卷)Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,________(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.10.(2022新課標I卷)TheGPNP________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.11.(2022浙江卷)Tounderstandapainting,we’retaughttolookforcolor,composition,andlight.Buthowcanapainting________(appreciate)bysomeonewho’sblind?12.(2021浙江1月卷)Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25________(consider)healthy.13.(2021浙江卷)Mary’sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.14.(2020新課標)Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic________(call)galleriesorrooms.考點三.語法一致15.(2024新課標I卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.16.(2024新課標II卷)“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout________(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.”17.(2022新課標I卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.18.(2021新課標II卷)Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic