2020屆高考英語復(fù)習(xí)考點專項突破20閱讀理解（社會生活類）（含解析）

2020屆高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)考點專項突破

專題20閱讀理解（社會生活類）

1.D【2019?全國I]

Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學(xué)），Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmeto

keepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsand

coolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokes

onothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.

Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychology

sortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables5plays-well-with-others

qualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployed

everafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere'sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbomofpowerand

evendishonorablebehavior.

Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein'sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewho

werehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,areumostlikelyto

engage（從事）indangerousandriskybehavior.”

Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,the

mostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（調(diào)查研究）.“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteens

hadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearly

showedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”

Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,

kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.

Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedto

positivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesfor

learningandfbrnewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,hesaid.

32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?

A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.

33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theclassificationofthepopular.

B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.

C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.

D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.

34.WhatdidDr.Prinstein'sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?

A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.

B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.

C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.

D.Theyperformedwellacademically.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.BeNice-YouWon'tFinishLast

B.TheHighertheStatus,theBeer

C.BetheBest-YouCanMakeIt

D.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness

【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，對人好，討人喜歡對人生活的各個方面有深遠的積極影響。牛.活

中，與人為善，待人慷慨，定會受到歡迎和回報。

32.C推理判斷題。由第一段“Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,

whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus（在美好的小學(xué)時光里，我喜歡分享我的娃娃和笑話，這讓我

保持了高高的社會地位。）“可推知，作者在小學(xué)早期時，是一個慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的；lonely寂寞

的；generous慷慨的；cool冷靜的，故選C。

33.A段落大意題。第二段中臨床心理學(xué)教授MitchPrinstein將受歡迎的人分為兩類:討人喜歡的人和追求地

位的人。本段內(nèi)容分別對thelikable和thestatusseekers做了解釋，所以本段主要介紹了兩種受歡迎的人的

分類，文中o…對應(yīng)答案的classificationo故選Ao

34.B推理判斷題。由第四段“Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment”可知，心理學(xué)

教授MilchPrinstein的研究表明，討人喜愛的矮子，適應(yīng)性更強，故選B。

35.A主旨大意題。通過全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講了受歡迎，討人喜歡對人生活的各個方面有深遠的有益

影響。這些人可愛，慷慨大方，適應(yīng)能力強，A項指出“對人好?點，——最終，你的收獲無窮無盡”符合本

文中心。故選A。

2.C[2019?全國II]

MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach'sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshe

waitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtel's"me"time.Andlikemore

Americans,she'snotalone.

Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfast

aloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74

percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.

“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?"Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.

Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,

toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingheronthe

shoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.tcToday,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,“shesaid.

Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchalthebar.Helikesthathe

cansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe'sonafirst-namebasisifhewantsto

havealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,“hesaid."Ifsa

chanceforself-reflection,Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”

Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhave

feltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepus

companyatthetable.4tItdoesn'tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealtheadvancesintechnology,saidLaurie

Demerit,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.

28.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?

A.Foodvariety.

B.Eatinghabits.

C.Tablemanners.

D.Restaurantservice.

29.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?

A.Tomeetwithhercoworkers.

B.Tocatchupwithherwork.

C.Tohavesometimeonherown.

D.Tocollectdataforherreport.

30.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?

A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.

B.He'sfondofthefoodatthebar.

C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.

D.He'sfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.

31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.

B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.

C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.

D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.

【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。一份新的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，越來越多的人選擇獨自一個人吃飯。本文分析/這種現(xiàn)

象背后的深層次原因。

28.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，在美國，約有46%的人們獨自用餐，53%的人們獨自吃早餐，46%的

人們獨自吃午餐，只有74%的人們晚餐不是獨自享用，故可知本段的數(shù)據(jù)是關(guān)于用餐習(xí)慣，故選B。

29.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.

Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself.可知，Bechtel一個人吃午飯可以讓她逃離老板的關(guān)注，給自己留一

些自由時間，故選C。

30.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwith

whomhe'sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction.nJMlMazoleny喜歡這樣的氣氛，因為可以

坐在那里，查看手機信息，或者想聊天了，可以直呼吧臺服務(wù)員名字和他聊天，故可知，他與服務(wù)員很熟

悉，可以直呼對方名字，故選D。

31.A主旨大意題。本文通過一份調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，很大比例的人選擇獨自用餐，原因很多，比如逃離工作氛

圍，或者反思自己，但是獨自用餐正慢慢成為一種趨勢，故選A。

3.B【2019?浙江卷】

Moneywithnostringsattached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslast

month,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,''GiveWhatYouCan,Take

WhatYouNeed.1'

Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.

"Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic（社會經(jīng)濟的）backgroundsgaveandtook,“saidTylerBridgesofThe

Toolbox,whichcreatedtheproject."Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafew

dollars."Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideo

clip（片段）showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.

“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,“Bridgessaid."There'sa

certainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost.*'Mostpeoplewhotook

dollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.

Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign.Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosity

andsympathy.Headdedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideoson

theInternet.

“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,*'hesaid."Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsome

daysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”

24.Whatdoestheexpression''moneywithnostringsattached'1inparagraphImean?

A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.

B.Moneynotlegallymade.

C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.

D.Moneynottiedtogether.

25.WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?

A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.

B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.

C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.

D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.

26.WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?

A.Todoatestonpeople'smorals.

B.Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.

C.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.

D.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.

【答案】24.C25.B26.D

【解析】文章介紹J'TylerBridges所發(fā)動的一個項目，讓有善心的人捐助錢財，讓需要的人自取錢財;而

這個項目的宗旨就在于讓人們能夠互相幫助。

24.C句意理解題。根據(jù)下文的故事并結(jié)合第一段板上寫的言語“Givewhatyoucan.Takewhatyouneed”可

知，這里的錢是可以隨意拿取的，并不附帶任何條件，故選C項。

25.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句、第三句Peopleofallages,races…Weevenhadabride…可以推斷知，

作者用“新娘”也來參與該活動來說明參與人員的多樣性，故選B項。

26.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy,

并結(jié)合全文可知，Bridges開展這個活動的目的在于傳遞“慷慨和同情之心”，故選D項。

4.C【2019.北京】

Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumbersthey

don'tknow.Bynextyear,halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺詐）.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverity

oftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammers

fromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions”（解決方案）becomewidely

available,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture,it*snotjustgoingtobethenumber

youseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou'rehearingis

actuallyreal.

That'sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation（處理）andautomationtechnologiesthat

areabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear*sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanew

voicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoa

receptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.

Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthat

robocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecisionAdecadeofdatabreaches（數(shù)據(jù)侵入）ofpersonal

informationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother*sname,andfarmore.Armedwith

thisknowledge.they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans.for

example,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethat

soundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's,rickingyouinto"confirming"youraddress,mother'sname,andcard

number.Scammersfollowmoney,socompanieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,

andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthat

gradually.

Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtowork

togethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniform

waytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby.orabandoningphonecallsaltogether

andmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications-usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanbetiedto

youridentity.

Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtoharderfromhereonout.

38.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstoproblemofrobecalls?

A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.

39.takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammercan.

A.aimatvictimspreciselyB.damagedatabaseseasily

C.startcampaignsrapidlyD.spreadinformationwidely

40.Whatdoesthepassageimply?

A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B.Technologiescanbedouble-edited.

C.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.

D.Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.

41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRooted

B.WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRoboealls

C.WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerous

D.HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology

【答案】38.D39.A40.B41.C

【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了自動語音電話給人們生活帶來的負面影響。文章首段提出越來越

多的人拒絕未知號碼的電話的現(xiàn)象，而緊接下來的兩段又進一步闡述了這類電話帶給人們的危害的原因，

并在倒數(shù)第二段闡述了具體解決方案，并得出結(jié)論。

38.D觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容以及第一段中的“Unfortunately,gtoolittle,toolate.”可知，作

者對于語音電話問題的解決持“失望的”態(tài)度。故選D。

39.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的"Armedwiththisknowledge,they'reabletocarryoutindividually

targetedcampaignstocheatpeople.”可知，利用新技術(shù)，騙子能夠“準(zhǔn)確地瞄準(zhǔn)受害者故選A。

40.B判斷推理題。根據(jù)整篇文章的內(nèi)容來看，文章闡述了語音電話作為新技術(shù)帶給人們便利的同時

也產(chǎn)生了諸多危害，因此這篇文章意指“Technologiescanbedouble-edged.技術(shù)可能是一把雙刃劍?！肮蔬xB。

41.C主旨大意題。文章首段提出越來越多的人拒絕未知號碼的電話的現(xiàn)象，而緊接下來的兩段又進一步

闡述了這類電話帶給人們的危害的原因，因此文章的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMore

Dangerous為什么語音電話越來越危險故選Co

5.D12019?天津】

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggle

againstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.

Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteabook.

Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.Thatformerprisonerwas

Cervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉訶德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydo

somepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?

We'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.Fmnottalkingabout

thosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.Tmtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningon

growingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationand

thenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolean,the

opportunitiesareeverywhere.

ThethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskillsWelearntobearwiththethingswe

can'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenever

goingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.

Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitisto

havemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomething

largerthanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.

Manyofusequate（視...等同于）“commitment“withsuch“caring"occupationsasteachingandnursing.

Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuch

excellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruck,orrunningastore-maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindof

peopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.

51.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat.

A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativity

B.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoal

C.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfate

D.disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess

52.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean?

A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.

B.Wasteone'senergytakingrisks.

C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.

D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.

53.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.

B.Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.

C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.

D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.

54.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5?

A.Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.

B.Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.

C.Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.

D.Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.

55.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.

B.Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.

D.Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.

【答案】51.B52.D53.C54.D55.A

【解析】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了如何過一種有意義的成人的生活。

51.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中此人53歲，有債務(wù)，生活不幸，身上還有傷，但他下決心寫一本，而且

此書還獲得了成功，350年依舊受歡迎，可知作者通過Cervantes的故事來表明年齡不是一個人實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的

障礙，故答案為B.

52.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下的作者說我要討論的是那些停止學(xué)習(xí)的人的成長，他們在流逝的歲月里

采用的是固定的態(tài)度和觀點，不想通過學(xué)習(xí)進步，可知劃線短語的意思是“無興趣學(xué)習(xí)的人“，故答案為D。

53.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中我們在自己專業(yè)的領(lǐng)域里取得成功，然后深陷其中，沒有什么使我們吃驚，

我們也沒有驚奇的意識，即指我們失去了好奇心。但后一句說，如果我們愿意學(xué)習(xí)的話，我們還有機會成

功。暗含的意思就是如果我們有好奇心的話，我們就有機會獲得成功，故答案為C。

54.D推理判斷題。作者在文中告訴我們要學(xué)會忍受我們不能改變的事物，要學(xué)會避免自憐，要學(xué)會不管我

們怎么表現(xiàn)，總有人不喜歡我們等等方法，可知第5段的主要意思是告訴我們要用合適的方法去對待生活。

故答案為D。

55.A主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，作者通過?個例子引出他的主題：一個人如何過一個有意義的成

年人生活。作者為我們提供了一些指導(dǎo)，要有動力，要有好奇心，要用適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞饺ド畹?，故答案為A。

6.C【2019?江蘇】

WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashing

machine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?

Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhavereal

impacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.

ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbythe

Internet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtry

toliveonideas.Thisbeliefin''post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturing

sector(制造業(yè))withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.

Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedthe

internationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.This

hasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentand

Internetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhaps

givingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmaking

moreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptop

computerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymore

important,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-term

costsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.

Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthe

technologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveinanborderlessworld".

Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappening

todayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.

Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationson

cross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.

Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthe

nationalandtheinternationallevels,andfbrmakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,our

fascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinall

sortsofwrongdirections.

61.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto.

A.alackofconfidenceintechnology

B.aslowprogressintechnology

C.aconflictofpublicopinions

D.awasteoflimitedresources

62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould.

A.takepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccount

B.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople

C.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport

D.providemoreaffordableinternetfacilities

63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?

A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.

B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.

C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.

D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.

64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.

B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.

C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.

D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.

【答案】61.D62.A63.B64.B

【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章闡述了盲目夸大新科技可能帶來的嚴(yán)重后果.一方面信息技術(shù)革命增加

了發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家的差距，另一方面就是發(fā)達國家對發(fā)展中國家的某些政策取消，這其實對于發(fā)展

中國家非常不利。

61.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarce

resources.可知，對科技的誤判會導(dǎo)致稀有資源的誤用，也就是說是資源的浪費，故選D項。

62.A推理判斷題°根據(jù)第四段第四、五句Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdigging

wells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople*

livesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupinternetcentresinruralvillages.Iamnotsaying

thatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithout

carefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.可知，對于捐助者投

資一些花哨的項目，不如實際一點來從根本上改善人們的生活，故選A項。

63.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一、三句Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosome

oftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresulIs.可知，由于

通信和交通技術(shù)的發(fā)展，世人可以無國界的交流而忽視了必要的監(jiān)管，故選B項。

64.B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章首句"WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmore

importantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?”引出主題，說明洗衣機有時比互聯(lián)網(wǎng)更重要；結(jié)合全文大意

可知，主要闡述了盲目夸大新科技可能帶來的嚴(yán)重后果。通過兩個事例說明了某些國家忽視了制造業(yè)，也

就是傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)業(yè)，以及擔(dān)心所謂的“數(shù)字鴻溝”，而忽視人們最基本的生活需求，所以無論科技如何發(fā)展，都

不能盲從，傳統(tǒng)的技術(shù)在如今仍舊有一席之位，故選B項。

7.B【2018?全國I]

GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscooking

upastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbutt

offerstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

MorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'sleantintopracticeinherownhome,

preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

HWeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,'*she

explains."Ipay￡5foraportion（一份）,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugar

andoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfood

ourselves.n

Theeight-partseries（系歹!J節(jié)自），SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:

GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeach

week.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.

Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadalightbudgetforherfamily.

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingyourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess

【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.D

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一檔英國系列電視節(jié)目，給觀眾介紹如何減少食物浪費以及如何

以較少的預(yù)算做出美味佳肴。

24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段知道GoodMomingBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofa

everymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole可知，她開辟了一個新的節(jié)目。故選B。

25.細節(jié)理解題°根據(jù)文章第二段中的InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekand

withthehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5

perfamilyaday.可知，Susanna在MattTebbutt的幫助下，提供如何減少食物浪費同時給每日生活費低于5

英鎊的每個家庭準(zhǔn)備食譜。故選C。解題關(guān)鍵詞：同義詞表達withthe