閱讀理解：說(shuō)明文（科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)與科技創(chuàng)新類）綜合測(cè)試篇-2025年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)（新教材新高考）

綜合測(cè)試03說(shuō)明文（科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)與科技創(chuàng)新類）

題型閱讀理解:說(shuō)明文

1.（2024?廣東江門?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Thehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalcomputerthathasevolvedovertensof

thousandsofyears.Butwhatwouldyougetifyoucombinedthisbiologicalcomputerwitharealone?

ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrain-liketissuestoan

electronicchip,whichcanperformsimplecomputertasks.Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowing

fieldcalledbiologicalcomputingthatmightonedaydobetterthancurrentcomputers,accordingtoNature.

Thebrain-liketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids（類器官），weren'tpartofaliving

person?sbrain.Theywere"grown“fromhumanstemcells,whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcells

andformingbodytissues.Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid.

Theresearchersthenplacedoneorganoidontoanelectronicchipwiththousandsofelectrodes（電極）.

Althoughorganoidsaremuchsimplerandsmallerthananactualbrain,theyactsimilarlytohumanbrains,suchas

respondingtoelectricalsignals,whichiswhatourbraindoesallthetime.Theseresponsesleadtochangesinthe

brain,whichfuelourabilitytolearn.

TotestBrainoware,theresearchersuseditforvoicerecognitionbytrainingitwith240Japaneserecordings

spokenbyeightspeakers.Theyfoundthattheorganoidreacteddifferentlytowardeachvoice.Withanaccuracyof

78percent,itsuccessfullyidentifedthespeakersbyshowingdifferentneural（神經(jīng)的）activities.

What'sspecialaboutBrainowareisthatresearcherscantakeadvantageoftheorganoid'scomplexitywithout

understandingitscellnetworks,accordingtoDailyMail.Inotherwords,scientistsdon'tneedtoknowexactlyhow

theorganoidworksinordertouseit.

Accordingtotheresearchers5workpublishedinDecember,combiningorganoidsandelectronicchipscould

increasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture.Also,suchmodelscanbeusedtostudyhumanbrains,

accordingtoNature.UsingBrainowaretomodelandstudyneurologicaldisorders,suchasAlzheimer'sdisease,is

oneexample.Itcouldalsobeusedtotesttheeffectsofdifferenttreatmentsforsuchdiseases."That'swherethe

promiseis:usingthesetoonedayhopefullyreplaceanimalmodelsofthebrain,“ArtiAhluwalia,aresearcherin

Italy,toldNature.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthetissuesusedbytheresearchers?

A.Theywereartificiallyconstructed.B.Theywereharvestedfromdeadhumanbodies.

C.Theyformedacompletehumanbrain.D.Theywereculturedfromspecifichumancells.

2.WhatsuccessdidBrainowareachieveinthevoicerecognitiontest?

A.Distinguishingthevoicesbetweenspeakers.

B.Understandingthecontentoftherecordings.

C.Showingpreferencesforsomeofthevoices.

D.Correctlymatchingallthespeakerswiththeirvoices.

3.WhatmakesBrainowaredistinctive,accordingtoDailyMail?

A.Noin-depthknowledgeoforganoidsisneededtouseit.

B.Itscomplexityiseasytolearnandunderstand.

C.Itopensupnewpossibilitiesforstudyinghumanbrains.

D.Itscellnetworksarethesameasthoseofhumanbrains.

4.WhatdoesthelastparagraphfocusonregardingBrainoware?

A.ItsinfluenceonAItechnology.B.Itscontributiontoanimalwelfare.

C.Itspotentialapplications.D.Itsunderlyingproblems.

【答案】1.D2.A3.A4.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文體裁為說(shuō)明文。美國(guó)印第安納大學(xué)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)了一種名為Brainoware的技術(shù)，將類似人

腦的組織與電子芯片相結(jié)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)了簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算任務(wù)，如聲音識(shí)別，為生物計(jì)算領(lǐng)域帶來(lái)了新進(jìn)展。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中"Theywere"grown"fromhumanstemcells,whicharecapableofproducing

differenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues.（它們是從人類干細(xì)胞中“培養(yǎng)”出來(lái)的，這些干細(xì)胞能夠產(chǎn)生

不同類型的細(xì)胞并形成身體組織。）”可知，它們是從特定的人類細(xì)胞中培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段中"Theyfoundthattheorganoidreacteddifferentlytowardeachvoice.Withan

accuracyof78percent,itsuccessfullyidentifedthespeakersbyshowingdifferentneural（神經(jīng)的）activities.（他們

發(fā)現(xiàn)，類器官對(duì)每種聲音的反應(yīng)不同。它通過(guò)顯示不同的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)，成功地識(shí)別了說(shuō)話者，準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到了

78%O戶可知，Brainoware在聲音識(shí)別測(cè)試中成功地區(qū)分了不同說(shuō)話人的聲音。故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第六段中"What'sspecialaboutBrainowareisthatresearcherscantakeadvantageofthe

organoid'scomplexitywithoutunderstandingitscellnetworks,accordingtoDailyMail.（據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，

Brainoware的特別之處在于，研究人員可以在不了解細(xì)胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)的情況下利用這種類器官的復(fù)雜性。戶可知，

Brainoware的獨(dú)特之處在于不需要深入了解其細(xì)胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)就能使用它。故選A。

4.主旨大意題。由文章最后一段"Accordingtotheresearchers5workpublishedinDecember,combining

organoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture.Also,suchmodelscanbe

usedtostudyhumanbrains,accordingtoNature.UsingBrainowaretomodelandstudyneurologicaldisorders,

suchasAlzheimer'sdisease,isoneexample.Itcouldalsobeusedtotesttheeffectsofdifferenttreatmentsforsuch

diseases.64Thafswherethepromiseis:usingthesetoonedayhopefullyreplaceanimalmodelsofthebrain,“Arti

Ahluwalia,aresearcherinItaly,toldNature.（根據(jù)研究人員去年12月發(fā)表的研究成果，將類器官和電子芯片結(jié)

合起來(lái)，未來(lái)可以提高人工智能的速度和效率。止匕外，根據(jù)《自然》雜志的報(bào)道，這樣的模型可以用來(lái)研

究人類的大腦。使用brainware來(lái)模擬和研究神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病，如阿爾茨海默病，就是一個(gè)例子。它還可以用

來(lái)測(cè)試對(duì)這類疾病的不同治療方法的效果。意大利的研究人員ArtiAhluwalia在接受《自然》雜志采訪時(shí)表

示：“這就是前景所在:有一天，這些技術(shù)有望取代動(dòng)物的大腦模型「）”可知，最后一段主要講述了Brainoware

在未來(lái)可能的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，包括用于研究神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病模型，以及可能替代動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)等。因此，該段落的重

點(diǎn)在于Brainoware的潛在應(yīng)用。故選Co

2.（2024?廣西?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Ourtalebeginstwodecadesago,whenagroupofDutchwomensetouttofindan

explanationfortheantisocialbehaviorofthemalesintheirfamily.Aswellashavinglearningdifficulties,these

menandboyswerelikelytooutburstsofaggressionandwererackingupalistofseriousoffenses,including

murder.Suspectingthatthebehaviormightbehereditary（遺傳性的）,thewomenapproachedgeneticistHans

BrunnerattheUniversityHospitalinNijmegen,theNetherlands.Eventually,in1993,hetrackeddownthecrime:a

deadvariantofagenecalledmonoamineoxidaseA（MAOA）,locatedontheXchromosome（染色體）.

Understandably,theannouncementcreatedasensation.Itwasthefirsttimeagenehadbeenlinkedtohuman

aggressionandMAOAseemedtoberesponsibleforahistoryofviolencestretchingbackfivegenerations.

Inthefollowingyears,evidencepouredintosupporttheconnectionbetweenMAOAandaggression.Then,

in2004,journalistAnnGibbonssealedthelinkbygivingMAOAtheheadline-friendlylabel“warriorgene”.The

nicknamestuck,raisingtheprofileofMAOA,andatthesametimemakingmisconceptionsabouthowour

behaviorisaffectedbyourgeneticmake-up.

Explainingtheinteractionbetweengenesandbehaviorisoneofthetoughesttasksinbiology.The

publicationoftheentirehumangeneticcode,adecadeago,dispelledanyillusionthathavingthegeneticblueprint

ofourspecieswouldgiveaclearinsightintoournature.Instead,whatbecameapparentisthatwehavefarfewer

genesthananyoneimagined,andthatunderstandinghowtheseshapeusasindividualsisgoingtobeahugetask.

Genessimplymakeproteins.Soforbehavioralgeneticiststhequestionishow,whenandwhytheyinfluence

ourbehavior.Clearly,thisinvolvesacomplextango（探戈舞）betweengenesandenvironments.Workingoutthe

exactstepsisverydifficult,andconveyingthefindingstothosewithoutascientificbackgroundisjustas

problematic.

5.WhafsthemainpurposeofHansBrunner'sstudy?

A.TohelpagroupofDutchwomenimprovetheirrights.

B.Toprovemenaremoreaggressivethanwomen.

C.Tofindthereasonsforaggressivebehavior.

D.ToprovehowimportantmonoamineoxidaseAis.

6.Whyisthepublicationoftheentirehumangeneticcodeimportantaccordingtothetext?

A.Itprovedageneticblueprintwouldgiveaclearinsightintoournature.

B.Itprovedthecomplexinteractionbetweengenesandbehavior.

C.Itshowedweneededfurtherresearchonhowgenesshapedusasindividuals.

D.Itshowedweactuallyhavemoregenesthanweimaginedbefore.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Ifsdifficulttofindroughinterplaybetweengenesandbehavior.

B.Studyingtherelationshipbetweengenesandtheenvironmentislikedancingthetango.

C.Everyoneisresponsiblefordiscoveringtheprincipleontheinteractionofgenesandbehavior.

D.Scientistshavealongwaytogobeforethepubliccanunderstandthefindings.

8.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.BehavioralGeneticists:DiscoveringtheMAOAGene'sImpactonAggression

B.FromWarriorGenesToBehavioralMysteries:ADutchStudySparksThoughts

C.GenesandEnvironment:TheStoryoftheMAOAGene

D.DecodingAggression:TheRoleoftheMAOAGeneinHumanBehavior

【答案】5.C6.C7.D8.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了荷蘭科學(xué)家HansBrunner通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)MAOA基因與人類攻

擊行為之間的聯(lián)系，并探討了基因與行為之間復(fù)雜的相互作用。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Ourtalebeginstwodecadesago,whenagroupofDutchwomensetouttofindan

explanationfortheantisocialbehaviorofthemalesintheirfamily.Aswellashavinglearningdifficulties,these

menandboyswerelikelytooutburstsofaggressionandwererackingupalistofseriousoffenses,including

murder.Suspectingthatthebehaviormightbehereditary（遺傳性的），thewomenapproachedgeneticistHans

BrunnerattheUniversityHospitalinNijmegen,theNetherlands.Eventually,in1993,hetrackeddownthecrime:a

deadvariantofagenecalledmonoamineoxidaseA（MAOA）,locatedontheXchromosome（染色體）.（我們的故

事開(kāi)始于二十年前，當(dāng)時(shí)一群荷蘭婦女開(kāi)始為她們家族中男性的反社會(huì)行為尋找解釋。除了有學(xué)習(xí)障礙外,

這些男人和男孩很可能會(huì)爆發(fā)出攻擊性，并且會(huì)犯下一系列嚴(yán)重的罪行，包括謀殺。她們懷疑這種行為可

能是遺傳的，于是找到了荷蘭奈梅亨大學(xué)醫(yī)院的遺傳學(xué)家HansBrunner。最終，在1993年，他找到了罪魁

禍?zhǔn)祝阂环N被稱為單胺氧化酶A（MAOA）的基因的死亡變體，位于X染色體上。）“可知，HansBrunnei"的

研究目的是為了找到攻擊性行為的原因。故選C。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Thepublicationoftheentirehumangeneticcode,adecadeago,dispelledany

illusionthathavingthegeneticblueprintofourspecieswouldgiveaclearinsightintoournature.Instead,what

becameapparentisthatwehavefarfewergenesthananyoneimagined,andthatunderstandinghowtheseshapeus

asindividualsisgoingtobeahugetask.,整個(gè)人類遺傳密碼的出版，消除了任何幻想，即擁有我們物

種的遺傳藍(lán)圖將使我們清楚地了解我們的本性。相反，顯而易見(jiàn)的是，我們的基因比任何人想象的都要少

得多，而理解這些基因如何塑造我們作為個(gè)體將是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。廠可知，整個(gè)人類基因組的公布表明我

們需要進(jìn)一步研究基因如何塑造我們作為個(gè)體的特征。故選Co

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Workingouttheexactstepsisverydifficult,andconveyingthefindingsto

thosewithoutascientificbackgroundisjustasproblematic.（計(jì)算出確切的步驟是非常困難的，而將這些發(fā)現(xiàn)傳

達(dá)給沒(méi)有科學(xué)背景的人同樣是有問(wèn)題的。戶可知，科學(xué)家在讓公眾理解研究發(fā)現(xiàn)方面還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故

選D。

8.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段中的“Eventually,in1993,hetrackeddownthecrime:adead

variantofagenecalledmonoamineoxidaseA（MAOA）,locatedontheXchromosome（染色體）.（最終，在1993

年，他找到了罪魁禍?zhǔn)祝阂环N被稱為單胺氧化酶A（MAOA）的基因的死亡變體，位于X染色體上。廣以

及倒數(shù)第二段中的“Explainingtheinteractionbetweengenesandbehaviorisoneofthetoughesttasksinbiology.

（解釋基因和行為之間的相互作用是生物學(xué)中最困難的任務(wù)之一。）”可知，本文主要講述了MAOA基因在人

類行為中的作用，因止匕“DecodingAggression:TheRoleoftheMAOAGeneinHumanBehavior?（解碼攻擊性：

MAOA基因在人類行為中的作用）”適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選Do

3.（24-25高三上?重慶,階段練習(xí)）Shadowsareoftenassociatedwithdarknessanduncertainty.Now,

researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore（NUS）aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstrating

awaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical（光學(xué)的）effecttogenerateelectricity.

Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator（SEG）,whichmakesuseofthecontrast

inillumination（照明）betweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.Ifsmadeupofaseriesofthinstrips

ofgoldfilmonasiliconlayer,whichisthenplacedonaflexibleplasticbase.

“Inconventionaloptoelectronics（光電子學(xué)）whereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,

shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.Inthiswork,wetookadvantageofthe

illuminationcontrastcausedbyshadowsasanindirectsourceofpower.Thecontrastinilluminationcausesa

voltage（電壓）differencebetweentheshadowandilluminatedsections,resultinginanelectriccurrent.Thisnovel

conceptofharvestingenergyinthepresenceofshadowsisunprecedented.^^explainedresearchteamleader

ProfessorTanSweeChing.

Mobileelectronicdevicessuchassmartphones,smartglassesande-watchesrequireefficientand

continuouspowersupply.Asthesedevicesarewornbothindoorsandoutdoors,wearablepowersourcesthatcould

harnesssurroundinglightcanpotentiallyimprovethefunctionofthesedevices.Whilecommerciallyavailablesolar

cellscanperformthisroleinanoutdoorenvironment,theirenergyharvestingefficiencydropssignificantlyunder

indoorconditionswhereshadowsarepersistent.Thisnewapproachtomaximizingtheefficiencyofenergy

harvestingisbothexcitingandtimely.

“WhenthewholeSEGisunderilluminationorinshadow,theamountofelectricitygeneratedisverylowor

noneatall.WhenapartoftheSEGisilluminated,asignificantelectricaloutputisdetected.Wealsofoundthatthe

bestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,as

thisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively.^^saidco-teamleaderProfessorAndrew

Wee.

TheNUSresearchersarealsolookingatdevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtoclothingtoharvestenergy

duringnormaldailyactivities.Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGfbrefficient

harvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.

9.Whyareshadowsconsideredundesirableintraditionaloptoelectronics?

A.Theyservenousefulpurpose.B.Theyweakendeviceperformance.

C.Theyarerareinoutdoorconditions.D.Theyaredifficulttocontrolorpredict.

10.WhatdoweknowabouttheSEG?

A.It'sspeciallydesignedtoworkinopenareas.

B.Itwillreplaceexistingsolarcellsonceandfbrall.

C.Ifsmosteffectivewhenfullypositionedinlightorinshadow.

D.Itrequiresabalanceoflightandshadowtomaximizeelectricitygeneration.

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.TheSEGisunlikelytoworkefficientlyindarkplaces.

B.TheresearchersarelookingtoreducethecostoftheSEG.

C.ThedevelopmentofSEGislimitedbyitshighproductioncost.

D.TheresearchersaredevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtosmartphones.

12.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.

B.Theproblemswithshadowsinconventionaloptoelectronics.

C.Thechallengesofadaptingtechnologyforwearabledevices.

D.Aneedforefficientpowersupplyinmobileelectronicdevices.

【答案】9.B10.D11.B12.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的可產(chǎn)生電的發(fā)明，該發(fā)明利用明亮和陰影區(qū)域之間的

照明對(duì)比來(lái)發(fā)電，該設(shè)備被稱為“陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Inconventionaloptoelectronicswhereasteadysourceoflightisusedto

powerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.（在傳統(tǒng)的光電子技術(shù)中，

使用穩(wěn)定的光源為設(shè)備供電，陰影是不可取的，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)降低設(shè)備的性能。）”可知，陰影不可取的原因在

于它們會(huì)降低設(shè)備的性能。故選B項(xiàng)。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“Wealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhen

halfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationand

collectionrespectively^我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)電的最佳表面積是當(dāng)SEG的一半被照亮而另一半處于陰影中時(shí)，因

為這分別為電荷的產(chǎn)生和收集提供了足夠的面積。戶可知，當(dāng)SEG的一半被照亮而另一半處于陰影中時(shí)，

即，光影面積平衡時(shí)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)最佳發(fā)電表面積。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡來(lái)最大限度地發(fā)電。故

選D項(xiàng)。

11.推理判斷題o根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容“Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEG

forefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.（另一個(gè)有前景的研究領(lǐng)域是開(kāi)發(fā)低成本的SEG,以有效

地從室內(nèi)照明中收集能量。戶可知，開(kāi)發(fā)低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人員在尋求降低SEG

的成本。故選B項(xiàng)。

12.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第——段“Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore（NUS）aregiving

shadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical（光學(xué)的）

effecttogenerateelectricity.（現(xiàn)在，新加坡國(guó)立大學(xué)的研究人員正在給陰影一個(gè)積極的轉(zhuǎn)變，他們展示了一種

利用這種常見(jiàn)但常被忽視的光學(xué)效應(yīng)來(lái)發(fā)電的方法。）”和文章第二段內(nèi)容“Theteamcreatedadevicecalleda

shadow-effectenergygenerator（SEG）,whichmakesuseofthecontrastinilluminationbetweenlitandshadowed

areastogenerateelectricity.（該團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)建了一種稱為陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器（SEG）的設(shè)備，該設(shè)備利用明亮和

陰影區(qū)域之間的照明對(duì)比來(lái)發(fā)電。）”可知，文章主要以“陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器（SEG）”為話題，對(duì)其原理和

應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了闡述。因此，選項(xiàng)A“Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.（一種利用陰影發(fā)電的創(chuàng)

新方法。）”可對(duì)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概述。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.（2024?內(nèi)蒙古通遼?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Mosthumansareabletorecognizeabout1,000,000differentcolors.Some

peoplecan'trecognizethismanybecauseofcolorblindness.Ifsomeoneiscolorblind,thatmeanshecan'tseeas

manycolorsasothers-or,inrarecases,can'tseecolorsatall.

Thankfully,specialglasseshavealreadybeenmadetohelpfixsometypesofcolorblindness.Now,

accordingtoarecentresearch,scientistshavebroughtthissolutiononestepfurther.KarepovandEllenbogen,

engineersfromIsraelhavefoundawaytoapplythistechnologytocontactlenses（隱形眼鏡）.Thismethodisso

creativebecauseitcansolvemanydifferentkindsofvisual（視力的）problems.

Peopleareabletoseecolorbecauseofhowtheeyeisstructured.Atthebackofoureyes,there?rethree

differentkindsofcellsthatabsorb（吸收）lightwaves.Whenlightwavesareabsorbed,thecellssendamessageto

thebrainfortheimagetobeprocessed.

Ifsomethingiswrongwiththesecells,thiscancauseproblemswhenthebrainprocessestheimage.Oneof

themostcommontypesofcolorblindnessisred-greencolorblindness.Peoplewhohavethisspecifictypeofvisual

imperfectionhavedifficultytellingapartthecolorsredandgreen.

“Itwouldinfluencesimpledailyroutinessuchastellingthecolorsoftrafficlights,9,Karepovexplained.He

alsostressedtheimportanceofusingthisfindingtocreatespecialcontactlensesinsteadofrelyingon

color-correctingglasses.

Whetheryouprefertowearglassesorcontacts,it'snicetoknowthatpeoplewhoarecolorblindwillsoonbe

abletochoosebetweenthetwo,aswell.

13.Thewriterleadsinthetopicbyatthebeginningofthepassage.

A.makingatableB.listinganumber

C.askingaquestionD.givinganexample

14.Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusaboutcolorblindness.

A.themaincauseofB.thedifferentkindsof

C.asimpletooltofindD.anewmethodtofix

15.Theunderlinedword“imperfection“inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto.

A.experienceB.weakness

C.languageD.examination

16.Theoveralltone（總基調(diào)）ofthepassageis.

A.personalanddoubtfulB.sadbuthumorous

C.scientificandpromisingD.informativebutmeaningless

【答案】13.B14.D15.B16.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了兩位工程師發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種治療色盲的新方法。文章開(kāi)頭通過(guò)列舉人類

能識(shí)別的顏色數(shù)量引入主題，然后介紹了兩位以色列工程師將一種治療色盲的技術(shù)應(yīng)用于隱形眼鏡，最后

介紹了色盲的原因和最常見(jiàn)的一種類型——紅綠色盲。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第一段"Mosthumansareabletorecognizeabout1,000,000differentcolors.（大多數(shù)

人能夠識(shí)別大約1,000,000種不同的顏色。）”可知，作者通過(guò)列舉一個(gè)數(shù)字來(lái)引入主題。故選B項(xiàng)。

14.主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文第二段“Thankfully,specialglasseshavealreadybeenmadetohelpfixsometypesof

colorblindness.（幸運(yùn)的是，人們已經(jīng)制造了特殊的眼鏡來(lái)幫助治療一些類型的色盲。）”以及該段中的“Now,

accordingtoarecentresearch,scientistshavebroughtthissolutiononestepfurther.KarepovandEllenbogen,

engineersfromIsraelhavefoundawaytoapplythistechnologytocontactlenses（隱形眼鏡）.Thismethodisso

creativebecauseitcansolvemanydifferentkindsofvisual（視力的）problems.（現(xiàn)在，根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，科

學(xué)家使這個(gè)解決方案更進(jìn)一步。來(lái)自以色列的工程師Karepov和Ellenbogen找到了一種將這項(xiàng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用于

隱形眼鏡的方法。這種方法很有創(chuàng)意，因?yàn)樗梢越鉀Q許多不同類型的視覺(jué)問(wèn)題。戶可知，第二段主要講述

了一種治療色盲的新方法。故選D項(xiàng)。

15.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文第四段第三句"Peoplewhohavethisspecifictypeofvisual...havedifficultytelling

apartthecolorsredandgreen.（患有這種特定類型視覺(jué)...的人很難區(qū)分紅色和綠色。戶可推知，劃線詞所在

句意為“紅綠色盲是最常見(jiàn)的一種視覺(jué)—。”再根據(jù)劃線詞前的定冠詞the及形容詞最高級(jí)mostcommon

typesof可知，此處指的是“缺陷”。故選B項(xiàng)。

16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Mosthumansareabletorecognizeabout1,000,000differentcolors.（大多數(shù)人能

夠識(shí)別大約1,000,000種不同的顏色。）“、第二段"Thankfiilly,specialglasseshavealreadybeenmadetohelpfix

sometypesofcolorblindness.（幸運(yùn)的是，人們已經(jīng)制造了特殊的眼鏡來(lái)幫助治療一些類型的色盲。）”以及該

段中的“Now,accordingtoarecentresearch,scientistshavebroughtthissolutiononestepfurther.Karepovand

Ellenbogen,engineersfromIsraelhavefoundawaytoapplythistechnologytocontactlenses（隱形目艮鏡）.This

methodissocreativebecauseitcansolvemanydifferentkindsofvisual（視力的）problems.（現(xiàn)在，根據(jù)最近的——

項(xiàng)研究，科學(xué)家使這個(gè)解決方案更進(jìn)一步。來(lái)自以色列的工程師Karepov和Ellenbogen找到了一種將這項(xiàng)

技術(shù)應(yīng)用于隱形眼鏡的方法。這種方法很有創(chuàng)意，因?yàn)樗梢越鉀Q許多不同類型的視覺(jué)問(wèn)題。）”以及最后一

段“Whetheryouprefertowearglassesorcontacts,ifsnicetoknowthatpeoplewhoarecolorblindwillsoonbe

abletochoosebetweenthetwo,aswell（無(wú)論你更喜歡戴眼鏡還是隱形眼鏡，很高興知道色盲的人很快也能在

這兩者之間做出選擇了）”可知，本文主要介紹了兩位工程師發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種治療色盲的新方法，并指出了這一新

方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由此可推知，這篇文章的總基調(diào)是科學(xué)且充滿希望的。故選C項(xiàng)。

5.（24-25高三上,云南玉溪?開(kāi)學(xué)考試）Artificialintelligence（AI）modelshavelongsurpassed（超出）just

creatingtextresponsesandimages.Now,withonlyonesentence,OpenAFslatesttext-to-videomodel,Sora,can

turnyourwordsintovideowithgoodvisualqualitywhilecompletelyfollowingyourcontentinstructions.

Soraissaidtobebetterthanmanyotherexistingmodelswithsimilarfunctions.TheAImodelcancreate

videosatsuitableaspectratios（屏幕高寬比）fordifferentdevices.Italsoletsusersquicklytestoutcontentin

lowerqualitybeforemakingthehigh-qualityversion,whichhelpsspeedupoutputaccordingtotheuser'srequests.

Apartfromthis,itsabilitytopresentvideosinarealisticandsmoothmannerissurprising.Soracancreate

detailedsceneswithseveralcharacters,specifictypesofmotion,andaccuratesubjectandbackgrounddetails.

Beyondtheuser'srequests,italsounderstandshowtheseelementsexistintherealworld.Forexample,reflections

inthewaterchangeasawomanwalksby.

However,thecurrentmodelisn'tperfect.Itmayhavetroubleaccuratelyshowinghowthingsmoveina

complicatedsceneandmightnotgethowoneactionleadstoanother.Forexample,ifsomeoneeatspartofacookie

inaSora-madevideo,thecookiemightnotlooklikeifsbeenbitteninto.Themodelmightmixupdirectionsand

findithardtodescribeeventsintherightorder.OnepossiblereasonisthatSoralearnseachbasicunitofavideo,

knownasaspacetimepatch（時(shí)空補(bǔ)?。?independently.

Soraisstillinthetestingstageofdevelopment.OpenAIisnowinvitingnetworksecurityprofessionalsto

makerandomattacksonSora'ssysteminordertotestthemodeFspossibleweaknessesandrisks.Sorahasalso

beenopentosomevisualartists,designersandfilmmakers.TheirfeedbackwillhelpOpenAItoimprovethemodel

tobetterservecreativeprofessionals.

17.Whatisthemainfocusofparagraph2and3?

A.Sora'sstrengths.B.Sora9sweaknesses.

C.Sora'sdevelopment.D.Sora'spopularity.

18.Whydoestheauthorprovidetheexampleinparagraph4?

A.ToshowSora'ssafetyproblems.B.ToshowSora'sexistingweaknesses.

C.ToshowSora'sperfectperformance.D.Toexplaintheconceptofaspacetimepatch,

19.WhatcanweknowaboutSorauptonow?

A.Itisbeingtestedandimproved.B.Ithasenjoyedgreatpopularity.

C.Ithasmaderandomattacks.D.Ithasbeenstopped.

20.Whafsthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Sora:Aperfecttext-to-videoAImodelB.Sora:Atoolforchatting

C.Sora:KnownasaspacetimepatchD.Sora:Leadthewayincreatingvideos

【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了Sora這一先進(jìn)AI模型能夠根據(jù)文本指令生成高質(zhì)量視頻及其

特點(diǎn)。

17.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Soraissaidtobebetterthanmanyotherexistingmodelswithsimilarfunctions.The

AImodelcancreatevideosatsuitableaspectratios（屏幕高寬比）fordifferentdevices.Italsoletsusersquickly

testoutcontentinlowerqualitybeforemakingthehigh-qualityversion,whichhelpsspeedupoutputaccordingto

theuser'srequests.（據(jù)說(shuō)Sora比許多具有類似功能的現(xiàn)有模型更好。人工智能模型可以為不同的設(shè)備創(chuàng)建合

適的長(zhǎng)寬比視頻。它還允許用戶在制作高質(zhì)量版本之前快速測(cè)試低質(zhì)量的內(nèi)容，這有助于根據(jù)用戶的要求

加快輸出速度）''及第三段中“Apartfromthis,itsabilitytopresentvideosinarealisticandsmoothmanneris

surprising.（除此之外,它以逼真流暢的方式呈現(xiàn)視頻的能力令人驚訝）”可知，第二段和第三段主要描述了Sora

的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，包括它可以創(chuàng)建適合不同設(shè)備的視頻、允許用戶快速測(cè)試低質(zhì)量版本以及能夠生成真實(shí)流暢的視

頻場(chǎng)景等，這兩段的重點(diǎn)在于展示Sora的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A。

18.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中"However,thecurrentmodelisn'tperfect.Itmayhavetroubleaccuratelyshowing

howthingsmoveinacomplicatedsceneandmightnotgethowoneactionleadstoanother.（然而，目前的模式并

不完美。它可能無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確地顯示復(fù)雜場(chǎng)景中的事物如何移動(dòng)，也可能無(wú)法理解一個(gè)動(dòng)作如何導(dǎo)致另一個(gè)動(dòng)

作）”及所舉例子“Forexample,ifsomeoneeatspartofacookieinaSora-madevideo,thecookiemightnotlook

likeifsbeenbitteninto.Themodelmightmixupdirectionsandfindithardtodescribeeventsintheright

order.（例如，在由Sora生成的視頻中，如果某人吃掉了一部分餅干，餅干可能看起來(lái)不像是被咬過(guò)的。該

模型可能會(huì)混淆方向，并且難以按正確的順序描述事件）”可知，第四段提到的例子是為了說(shuō)明Sora在處理

復(fù)雜場(chǎng)景時(shí)的一些局限性，比如難以準(zhǔn)確表現(xiàn)物體運(yùn)動(dòng)或事件順序等，這個(gè)例子是用來(lái)展示Sora目前存在

的弱點(diǎn)。故選B。

19.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Soraisstillinthetestingstageofdevelopment.OpenAIisnowinvitingnetwork

securityprofessionalstomakerandomattacksonSora'ssysteminordertotestthemodeFspossibleweaknesses

andrisks.Sorahasalsobeenopentosomevisualartists,designersandfilmmakers.Theirfeedbackwillhelp

OpenAItoimprovethemodeltobetterservecreativeprofessionals.（Sora仍處于開(kāi)發(fā)測(cè)試階段。OpenAI目前正

邀請(qǐng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全專業(yè)人士對(duì)Sora的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行隨機(jī)攻擊，以此來(lái)測(cè)試該模型可能存在的弱點(diǎn)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。Sora也已

向一些視覺(jué)藝術(shù)家、設(shè)計(jì)師和電影制作人開(kāi)放。他們的反饋將幫助OpenAI改進(jìn)模型，以便更好地服務(wù)于創(chuàng)

意專業(yè)人士）“可知，Sora正在測(cè)試和改進(jìn)。故選A。

20.主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及第一段“Artificialintelligence（AI）modelshavelongsurpassed（超出）just

creatingtextresponsesandimages.Now,withonlyonesentence,OpenAFslatesttext-to-videomodel,Sora,can

turnyourwordsintovideowithgoodvisualquality