遼寧省2023-2024學年高二上學期期末測試英語試卷（含答案）

遼寧省2023-2024學年高二上學期期末測試英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、第一部分：閱讀，第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。VUEUFROMHERETheGreatOutdoorsFebruary2023Givingawinterskillcourseago●4FEBRUARYRombaldsStrideYORKSHIREDALESOrganizedbythe15thAiredaleScoutGroup,theRombaldsStrideWinterChallengesisa23-milewalkingorrunningroutetakinginsomeofYorkshire'sfinestscenery.You'llascendtheAiredaleValley,overRombaldsMoortoHkleyandacrossOtleyChevin.Cost:$12rombaldsstride.co.uk●16-19FEBRUARYFortWilliamMOUNTAINFESTIVALScotland'soutdoorcapitalwelcomesyouforapackedprogrammeofeventsinspiredbyitshighplaces.Fromsessionstoawardceremoniesandfilmscreenings,aswellasascheduleofguidedwalksandruns,theactivitiesareasvariedasthelandscape.Cost:variesmountainfestival.co.uk●21-22FEBRUARYCaravan,Camping&MotorhomeShowBIRMINGHAMWithmorethan350exhibitorstandsshowcasingtheirlatestandgreatestproducts,thishugeshowistheplacetobeifyou'reonthelookoutforatouringcaravan,amotorhomeoracampervan.You'llalsobeabletobrowseahugearrayoftents,tiltedtowardsthefamilyandcarcampingmarket,plusawidearrayofaccessoriesandgadgets,fromsleepsystemstostanduppaddleboards.Cost:$12peradult,under15freeCcmshow.co.uk●23-24FEBRUARYWinterSkillsandWildCampingGLENCOEThistwo-daycoursewillhelpyouhoneyourwinterskillsandcombineyournew-foundknowledgewithahighwinterwildcamp(andsunset,weatherpermitting!)withreducedlegwork.BasedaroundGlencoeandKinlochleven,thecourseisprovidedbyqualifiedguidesonbehalfofRichMountainExperiences.Campinggearcanbesupplied.Cost:$250richmountainexperiences.co.uk●22-28FEBRUARYTheWinterreverseDARTMOORStartyournewyearwithabigdoseofwinterandawalkorrunacrossDartmoor.Thisfullysupported50kmjourneyfromsouthtonorth,throughsomeofthemostremotepartsofthemoors,ismorechallengethanrace.Whilstgoodfitnessisrequired,walkerscanchoosetobeaccompaniedbylocalMountainLeaderswithfirstaidcover.Cost:$255-275climbsouthuest.com1．Whatkindofcoursewillyoutakeifyouwanttoenjoyaguidedwalkingandrunning?A．YORKSHIREDALES.B．MOUNTAINFESTIVAL.C．BIRMINGHAM.D．GLENCOE．2．Iftheparentswiththeir14-year-olddaughterareinterestedinCaravan,Camping&MotorhomeShow,howmuchwilltheypay?A．$24. B．$27. C．$39. D．$25.3．InTheWinterreversecourse,whatspecialservicecanbeoffered?A．Thelocalguides'company.B．Somewinterskillslikerunning.C．Necessaryfirstaid.D．Newfoundknowledge.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。It'sgettingclosetomidnight,andclosetomydestination—milemarker133onAlaska'sGlennHighway,whereI'montheroadtorealizealifelongdream.I'mgoingtoseethenorthernlights.IamScott'sonlycustomertonight,butwhetherit'sonepersonorabridalpartyfromJapan,theprofessionalphotographerandvideographerlovestocomeputheretowitnessoneofnature'smostspectacularshows—andtoshareitwithothers."Ican'ttellyouhowmuchjoyIgetfromseeingthesmileonpeople'sfaces.That'sworthitrightthere.That'sthereasonwhyIdotours,"hesays.Iemergefromthevanintominus6degrees.Abazillionstarssparkle,andtheMilkyWaypoursoverhead.Whatlookslikeagraystreamofcloudarcheslowoverthehorizon."That'sit!"saysScott.Really?That'sit?Ispent13hoursinplanesandairports,andthendrove2.5hourstoseeagraybelt?"Patience,"hesays."Itwillgetbetter.Waittill2am.That'susuallythebesttime."Aurora(極光)tourismiscombinedwithwinteractivitieslikeicefishing,snowmachinerides,andhotsprings.Asauroraguidesandscientistswilltellyou,there'snoguaranteeofasighting.ButFairbanksisastatisticallygoodbetbecauseofitsnorthernlocationandfreedomfromcoastalclouds,whichcanbeachallengeforAnchorage.Travelersarerecommendedtoputasideatleastthreenightstoimproveyourchancesofviewing,withtheideathatyou'llbeupmuchofthenighteachtime.EachtimehewakesmeandIstepoutside,itappearsmoreglorious.Atfirst,afuzzthesizeofahoneydewfloatsalongthehorizon.Anothertime,abroadgreenlinestretchesacrossthesky,followedbyashorttail."Doyouseethered?"Scottasks.Hehasmelookthroughhiscamera.Itcanseemorecolorthanthenakedeye.Finally,asifplayingavisualsymphonictune,agiantlineofphosphorous(發(fā)磷光的)greenseemstoswoopdowntothetreetopsanddollopthemwithacurlicueswirl.I'msmilinginsideandout.Wecangonow.4．WhatmakesScottliketodoauroratourism?A．Thechancetotakespectacularphotos.B．Thehappinessoftourists.C．Thepartytoenjoythenortherlights.D．Hislifelongdream.5．WhatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromParagraph3?A．Shefeltveryangry.B．Shewasquitethrilled.C．Shewasalittledisappointed.D．Shegraduallylostherpatience.6．WhyisFairbanksanidealplacetoenjoythenorthernlights?A．Itoffersvisitorsaguaranteedsighting.B．It'slocatedintheAntarcticCircle.C．Ithaswinteractivitiesfortravelers.D．It'sfreefromcoastalcloudyweather.7．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thebeautyofaurora.B．Scott'scamera.C．Theauthor'sdeparture.D．Theshapesofnorthernlights.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Areyouaddictedtosocialmedia?Youmaythinkyoucanquititanytimeyouwant,butyourbodyandbrainmaynotagree.Stayingdeeplyconnectedtoyoursocialnetworkscanbecostly.Researcherstookalookathownon-stopsocialnetworkingcanactuallychangeyourbrain.Socialmediasitesareusedbyonethirdoftheglobalpopulation,and5—10%areunabletocontroltheironlineusageduetoapsychologicaladdiction.Researcherscallthisaddictionasubstanceaddiction,namely,asimilareffectofdrugoralcoholonaddicts.Thereisadeclineinthewhitematter(腦白質(zhì))thatcontrolsemotionalprocessinganddecisionmaking,largelybecausesocialmediaprovidesanimmediatereward.Whenyoupostsomethingonlineandsomeone"likes"it,yougettheimmediatereward—people'spraise,andthenyourbrainbeginstolongfortheserewards.It'sjustlikehowadrugworks.Researchersalsolookedathowmultitaskingaffectsthebrain.Whenyouaredealingwithavarietyoftasks,devices,andwebsites,youhavetoconstantlyswitchyourthinkingmodes,whichusuallyleadstotheunbalanceddistributionofattention.Also,multitaskingcoulddamageyourabilitytocommittomemory.Considerwhathappenswhenyourphonevibrates(振動).Youfeelthevibrationandninetimesoutoften,youpullyourphonesouttocheck,whichwilldistractyoufromwhatyouaredoing.Ofcoursethereisnothingwrongwithusingsocialmediatostayintouchwithfamily,friends,andcolleagues,butaswitheverythingelseinlife,moderation(適度)isthekey.Moderationcannotonlyhelpusontask,butalsohelpcontrolthesideeffectsfromoverstimulatingourbrainswithsocialmedia,mobiledevices,andscreentime.8．What'sthepurposeofParagraph1?A．Toraiseaquestion. B．Togiveanexample.C．Tobringupthetopic. D．Tomakeananalysis.9．What'sthereasonbehindpeople'snon-stopsocialnetworking?A．Theirfragilebrainstructure.B．TheconvenientInternetaccess.C．Thepressurefromfastcitylife.D．Theirmentaldependenceonit.10．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingoutcomescanmultitaskingbringabout?A．Animprovementintimemanagement.B．Adeclineincreativity.C．Adecreaseinworkingefficiency.D．Anincreaseinsensibility.11．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Critical.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Theshinyleavesandbranchingrootsofmangroves(紅樹林)inAustraliaareeye-catching,andnowastudyprovidesuswithnewfindingsaboutthetrees.Long-termtidalcycles(潮汐周期),inlargepart,setinmotiontheexpansionandcontractionofmangroveforestsbythemoondrive,researchersreportinScienceAdvances.Thisdiscoveryiskeytopredictingwhenmangrovesaremostlikelytogrowfast.Mangrovesarecoastaltrees,whicharegoodatabsorbingcarbonandcouldhelpfightclimatechange,thatprovidehabitatforfishandfightagainsterosion(侵蝕).Butinsomeplaces,theforestsfaceplentyofmenaces,includingcoastaldevelopment,pollutionandlandclearingforagriculture.NeilSaintilan,anenvironmentalscientistinSydney,workedouthowthesizeandthicknessofmangroveforestsacrossAustraliachangedovertime.Saintilannoticedacuriouspattern.Mangroveforeststendedtoexpandandcontractinacertainmanner."Isawthis33-yearregularchange,"Saintilansaid.Thatregularitygottheresearchersthinkingaboutthemoon.Overthecourseof33years,theplane(平面)ofthemoon'sorbitaroundEarthslowlytilts(傾斜).Whenthemoon'sorbitistheleasttiltedrelativetotheequator,semi-diurnaltides(半日潮)—whichconsistoftwohighandlowtideseachday—tendtohavealargerrange.Saintilanfoundthatmangroveforestsexperiencingsemi-diurnaltidestendedtobelargeranddenserpreciselywhenhighertideswereexpectedbasedonthemoon'sorbit,whichcoulddelivermuchmorewaterandnecessarynutrientstomangroves.Itisimportanttorecognizethiseffectonmangrovepopulations.Suchknowledgecouldinformeffortstoprotectandrestoretheforests,thuspromotingthegrowthofthesetrees.Thatmightlooklikeaddedlimitationsonhumanactivitynearbythatcouldharmtheforests.Butpeopleshouldbemorereactive.12．WhichofthefollowingcanbeindicatedfromthenewstudyaboutAustralianmangroves?A．Theycanpredictthemotionofthemoon.B．Theirfavorablegrowthtimeispredictable.C．Theirfunctionsarebeyondnormalimagination.D．Theydowellintransformingcarbonintooxygen.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"menaces"probablymeaninParagraph2?A．Doubts. B．Threats C．Opportunities. D．Solutions.14．Howdoesthemoonaffectmangroves'growthinAustralia?A．Bydecreasingtheappearanceoflowtides.B．BytiltingfrequentlytooffermoretidesfortheEarth.C．Bydrivingtidestoprovidebeneficialelementsforgrowth.D．Bygeneratingsemi-diurnaltidestoreducemangroves'soilloss.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．KnowledgeofProtectingandStoringMangroves.B．ResearchaboutExpansionandContractionofForests.C．DiscoveryontheCausesofHighandLowTides.D．NewFindingsaboutMoonDriveandMangroves.二、第一部分：閱讀，第二節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sufferingfromaphobia(恐懼癥)isfarfromdelightful.Foradults,thephobiacanseriouslylimitaperson'sfunctioning.16．Ifyouoryourchildexperiencesaphobia,youmaywishtotrythefollowingtoreducethedistresssurroundingit.Namethefear.17．Dr.DanSiegel,clinicalprofessorofpsychiatryatUCLA,summarizesthisexperienceas"nameittotameit."Pixar'smovieMonsters,Inc.illustratesthisnicelyasthemonsterintheclosetbecomeslessscarywhenBoonamesitKitty.18．Askyourselfwhetherthefearissensible.Sincemanyfearsaregroundlessinnature,thisstephelpstoreduce"worst-casescenario(方案)"thinking.Itisimportanttonotethatwhilethepercentageofmanyfeareditemshappeningisextremelyremote,theyarenotnecessarily0percent.Therefore,thisstepisoftenpairedwithfindingawaytomakepeacewiththefeareditemstillexistingintheworld.Safelyfacethefear.Thisisdemonstratedtobethemostenduringwaytoputfearsbehindus.Anyunhelpfulreaction,especiallyavoidance,mustberemoved.It'svitaltosetthestageforsuccessbysafelyandgraduallyfacingthefeareditem,stepbystep.Forinstance,ifsomeoneisafraidofsnakes,picturingasnakeinone'smindcomesfirst,thenlookingatapictureoftherattlesnake,andfinallygoingtothezoo.19．Notfacing,orworse,avoidingfeartendstogiveitmorepowerandmakethephobiastrongerovertime.Insummary,itisperfectlynaturalandhumantoexperiencefears.20．Ifaphobialasts,itisalwaysanoptiontoseekthehelpofamentalhealthprofessional.Whateveryoudo,itisimportantnottoletthefearconsumeyouoryourchild'slife.A.Analyzethefear.B.Makepeacewiththefear.C.Labelingthefeartendstoreducethepowerofthefeareditem.D.Forchildren,itleadstoincreasedanxietyandmayleaduptoschoolavoidance.E.Thesestepscanbepairedwithrelaxationstrategiestolimitthephysiologicalfearresponse.F.Generallyspeaking,themoreapersonseekstreatmentforthephobia,thebettertheoutcome.G.However,whenthatfearbecomestoomuchorfixed,itcanpreventusfromenjoyingthejoysornecessitiesoflife.三、第三部分：語言運用，第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwaslookingattheitemssuchasateapot,apoetrybook,andacoat.Iboughtthemfromcharityshops,whereothers'trashbecamemy21．.Ihavealsodonatedmanyunwantedtoys.22．mytoyswillalsobecomeothers'preciousdiscoveries.Thiscircularrelationshipisjustoneofthemany23．ofcharityshops.Theyextendtheusefulnessofoldobjects,whicharelikedbynew24．insteadofendingupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場).Accordingtothestatistics,second-handdonations25．90%ofacharityshop'sproductrange.Withpeoplebecomingmoreandmore26．ofthebenefitsofacirculareconomy,therelevantlanguageofcharityshoppershaschanged.Shoppersnowspeakof"pre-loved"or"vintage"goods27．"second-hand"clothes.Inaddition,theeconomicvalueofcharityshopsisincreasing.Therearecurrentlyover11,000charityshopsintheU.K.,28．a(chǎn)bout270millionayearforcharitywork.Thismeansvitalsupportformedicalresearch,solvingpoverty,29．childwelfare,andsoon.Besides,thesestoreshavemanyotherbenefits.Froma(n)30．perspective,charityshopskeepgoodsincirculationwhichmightotherwisebe31．reducingCO2emissionsgreatly.Besides,charityshopsprovideaffordablegoods,allowingpeoplehavinglower32．toenjoyhigh-qualitygoods.Ifthedonations33．toflow,theshelvesincharityshopswillbepackedwithvariouswonderfulitems,providingafantasticshoppingexperience.Ibelievecharityshopswillbe34．worldwidesoon.It'shardformetoimagineabetterchoicethansomethingthat35．savingwastewithspendingverylittle.21．A．treasures B．memories C．missions D．purposes22．A．Regularly B．Emotionally C．Desperately D．Hopefully23．A．changes B．a(chǎn)dvantages C．exceptions D．burdens24．A．partners B．owners C．designers D．producers25．A．lookup B．putup C．makeup D．openup26．A．careful B．a(chǎn)fraid C．ignorant D．a(chǎn)ware27．A．exceptfor B．regardlessofC．becauseof D．ratherthan28．A．casting B．raising C．decreasing D．demanding29．A．improving B．a(chǎn)nalyzing C．discovering D．defending30．A．a(chǎn)rtistic B．educationalC．environmental D．commercial31．A．thrownaway B．putforwardC．turneddown D．pickedup32．A．qualities B．spirits C．incomes D．scores33．A．return B．continue C．intend D．happen34．A．charged B．controlled C．blamed D．a(chǎn)ppreciated35．A．equips B．replaces C．combines D．compares四、第三部分：語言運用，第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ZhangZening,36．hanfuenthusiastinNanjing,EastChina'sJiangsuProvince,startedanextraordinaryjourneyeightyearsago37．(bring)thistraditionalChineseclothingbacktolife.38．(inspire)byancientmurals(壁畫),Zhang,41,studiedtheartistryofhanfuinvarious39．(museum),transformingtwo-dimensionalpaintingsintotangibleand40．(wear)pieces.Herextraordinarycraftsmanshiphasnotonlydelightedhanfuenthusiastsbutaswellarousedthe41．(curious)ofyoungminds,givingthemtheopportunitytowearhistoricallysignificantclothingduringmuseumvisits.Zhangfirmlybelievedthathanfuserves42．a(chǎn)gatewayintothepast,allowingpeopleto43．(true)connectwiththeirculturalheritage.Since2020,Zhang,theownerofHeluHanfuStudio,44．(cooperate)withwomen'sre-employmentorganizations,seekingfull-timestay-at-homewomenwithsewingskills,45．corresponds(一致)withherneedfortheproductionofhanfu.五、第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）46．第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是校英語俱樂部負責人李華，你校舉辦的英語學習網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇邀請到了著名詩人WilliamSmith在線做主題為"HowtoWriteandEnjoyEnglishPoems"的專題講座。請你在講座前作簡要發(fā)言，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎和感謝；2.介紹嘉賓和活動流程；3.對聽眾提出要求。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.開頭結(jié)尾已給好，不計入詞數(shù)。Dearfellowstudents,Nowlet'swelcomeMr.Smith!47．第二節(jié)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。KilimandjarowasapopularplaceforsoccerfanswhowenttowatchMiddlesbroughF.C.playovertheweekendtoeatafterthegame.WakaWakaChickenwasoneoftherestaurant'ssignaturedishes.Everythingseemednormalfortheowneroftherestaurant,Apollo,whoalwaysvaluesthevirtueofhonesty,andhiswaiters.Customerswereflockingin,andservicewasrunningsmoothlythatday.Apollo,tobehonest,wasn'teventhere.Hewashavingagoodtimewithhisfamily,completelyunawareofwhatwasgoingoninhisrestaurant.Hehadnoideathatsomethingunexpectedwasabouttohappenandthathe'dbegettingaratherawkwardphonecallfromthewaiter.Atabout11：00a.m,threeguyswalkedin,clearlyinterestedinsittingdownandeatingsomefood.There'sagoodchancetheycamefromoutoftownandwerefansoftheawayteam.Attheveryleast,thestaffcoulddetectadifferenceintheiraccents.Itwasn'tlongbeforetheywereattendedtobyawaiterwhotooktheirorders.Afterthat,everythingappearedtobegoingwell…ThethreefriendsweregladtheyhadchosenKilimandjaro.WakaWakaChickenwithcheesewasenjoyedbythem.Fromtheirexpression,thestaffcouldtellthesethreeguyswereverysatisfiedwiththefood.Aboutonehourlater,thethreefriendswerepreparedtopayfortheirmeals.Thetotalcostofthefoodwas￡35.Theyreachedfortheircreditcardsandhandedthemoverasthewaiterapproachedtheirtable.However,theywereshockedwhenthewaiterinformedthemthattheycouldonlypayincash.Noneofthemcarriedcashwiththem.Atthistime,thewaiterwasaskedtogotoanothertabletotakeorders.Realizingthelasttrainbackhomewastodepartinanhour,thethreefriendshadotherideas…注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Onreturning,thewaiterwassurprisedthethreeguyshadgonewithoutpaying.Twoweekslater，Apolloreceivedanunexpectedletterwith￡35attached.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，對2023年二月份的"偉大的戶外"冬季技能課程進行了廣告宣傳。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)MOUNTAINFESTIVAL部分中的"Fromsessionstoawardceremoniesandfilmscreenings,aswellasascheduleofguidedwalksandruns,theactivitiesareasvariedasthelandscape."從會議到頒獎典禮和電影放映，以及導游步行和跑步的時間表，活動與景觀一樣豐富多樣?？芍?，如果你想享受導游的步行和跑步，你會選擇山地戶外文化節(jié)課程。故選B。2．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Caravan,Camping&MotorhomeShow部分中的"Cost:$12peradult,under15free"費用：每位成人12美元，15歲以下免費，可知，如果父母帶著他們14歲的女兒對旅行拖車、露營和房車展感興趣，他們將支付24美元。故選A。3．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheWinterreverse部分中的"Whilstgoodfitnessisrequired,walkerscanchoosetobeaccompaniedbylocalMountainLeaderswithfirstaidcover."雖然需要良好的身體素質(zhì)，但步行者可以選擇由當?shù)氐纳降仡I(lǐng)袖陪同，并提供急救服務(wù)?？芍?，在冬季逆向課程中，可以提供必要的急救服務(wù)。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B5．C6．D7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者去看北極光的經(jīng)歷。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"‘Ican'ttellyouhowmuchjoyIgetfromseeingthesmileonpeople'sfaces.That'sworthitrightthere.That'sthereasonwhyIdotours,'hesays.""看到人們臉上的笑容，我無法告訴你我有多高興。這是值得的。這就是我參加旅游的原因，"他說。可推知，游客的快樂讓斯科特喜歡做極光旅游。故選B。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"‘That'sit!'saysScott.Really?That'sit?Ispent13hoursinplanesandairports,andthendrove2.5hourstoseeagraybelt?""就是它！"斯科特說。真的嗎？就這些嗎？我在飛機和機場待了13個小時，然后開了2.5小時的車去看灰色地帶？可推知，作者有點失望。故選C。6．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"ButFairbanksisastatisticallygoodbetbecauseofitsnorthernlocationandfreedomfromcoastalclouds,whichcanbeachallengeforAnchorage."但費爾班克斯在統(tǒng)計上是一個不錯的選擇，因為它位于北部，沒有沿海的云層，這對安克雷奇來說可能是一個挑戰(zhàn)?？芍M爾班克斯是欣賞北極光的理想之地，因為這里沒有沿海多云的天氣。故選D。7．考查段落大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Atfirst,afuzzthesizeofahoneydewfloatsalongthehorizon.Anothertime,abroadgreenlinestretchesacrossthesky,followedbyashorttail."Doyouseethered?"Scottasks.Hehasmelookthroughhiscamera.Itcanseemorecolorthanthenakedeye.Finally,asifplayingavisualsymphonictune,agiantlineofphosphorous(發(fā)磷光的)greenseemstoswoopdowntothetreetopsanddollopthemwithacurlicueswirl."起初，一團蜜露大小的絨毛漂浮在地平線上。還有一次，一條寬闊的綠線橫跨天空，后面是一條短尾。"你看到紅色了嗎?"斯科特問道。他讓我看他的相機。它能看到比肉眼更多的顏色。最后，就像演奏一曲視覺交響樂一樣，一條巨大的磷綠線似乎俯沖到樹梢上，并以卷曲的漩渦將它們傾倒?？芍?，最后一段主要講的是極光之美。故選A。【答案】8．C9．D10．C11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了社交媒體的過度使用會對大腦產(chǎn)生負面影響，適度使用社交媒體和注意腦部刺激的平衡是重要的。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Areyouaddictedtosocialmedia?Youmaythinkyoucanquititanytimeyouwant,butyourbodyandbrainmaynotagree.Stayingdeeplyconnectedtoyoursocialnetworkscanbecostly."你沉迷于社交媒體嗎？你可能認為你可以隨時戒掉它，但你的身體和大腦可能不同意。與您的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)保持深度聯(lián)系可能代價高昂；以及第二段中的"Researcherstookalookathownon-stopsocialnetworkingcanactuallychangeyourbrain."研究人員研究了不間斷的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)如何真正改變你的大腦?？芍谝欢问且鲈掝}，故選C。9．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段"Thereisadeclineinthewhitematter(腦白質(zhì))thatcontrolsemotionalprocessinganddecisionmaking,largelybecausesocialmediaprovidesanimmediatereward.Whenyoupostsomethingonlineandsomeone"likes"it,yougettheimmediatereward—people'spraise,andthenyourbrainbeginstolongfortheserewards.It'sjustlikehowadrugworks."控制情緒處理和決策的白質(zhì)有所下降，這主要是因為社交媒體提供了即時的回報。當你在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布一些東西，有人"喜歡"它時，你會得到直接的獎勵——人們的贊美，然后你的大腦開始渴望這些獎勵。這就像藥物的作用方式一樣?？芍?，人們不停地社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)背后的原因是他們對它的精神依賴，故選D。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Whenyouaredealingwithavarietyoftasks,devices,andwebsites,youhavetoconstantlyswitchyourthinkingmodes,whichusuallyleadstotheunbalanceddistributionofattention.Also,multitaskingcoulddamageyourabilitytocommittomemory.Youfeelthevibrationandninetimesoutoften,youpullyourphonesouttocheck,whichwilldistractyoufromwhatyouaredoing."當你在處理各種各樣的任務(wù)、設(shè)備和網(wǎng)站時，你必須不斷地轉(zhuǎn)換你的思維模式，這通常會導致注意力的不平衡分配。此外，多任務(wù)處理可能會損害你的記憶力?？紤]一下手機振動時會發(fā)生什么。你感覺到振動，十有八九，你拿出手機檢查，這會分散你的注意力?？芍?，多任務(wù)處理會讓工作效率下降，故選C。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Ofcoursethereisnothingwrongwithusingsocialmediatostayintouchwithfamily,friends,andcolleagues,butaswitheverythingelseinlife,moderation(適度)isthekey.Moderationcannotonlyhelpusontask,butalsohelpcontrolthesideeffectsfromoverstimulatingourbrainswithsocialmedia,mobiledevices,andscreentime."當然，使用社交媒體與家人、朋友和同事保持聯(lián)系并沒有錯，但與生活中的其他事情一樣，適度是關(guān)鍵。適度不僅可以幫助我們完成任務(wù)，還可以幫助控制社交媒體、移動設(shè)備和屏幕時間過度刺激我們的大腦的副作用?？芍?，作者對社交的態(tài)度是很客觀的，故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．B14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項關(guān)于澳大利亞紅樹林的新研究，揭示了長期潮汐周期對紅樹林擴張和收縮的影響，以及月亮對紅樹林生長的驅(qū)動作用，并指出這些發(fā)現(xiàn)對于預(yù)測紅樹林的生長發(fā)展和保護具有重要意義。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和標題歸納四個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Thisdiscoveryiskeytopredictingwhenmangrovesaremostlikelytogrowfast."這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是預(yù)測紅樹林何時最有可能快速生長的關(guān)鍵?？芍瑥陌拇罄麃喖t樹林的新研究中可以看出他們的有利生長時間是可以預(yù)見的，故選B。13．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"includingcoastaldevelopment,pollutionandlandclearingforagriculture."包括沿海開發(fā)、污染和農(nóng)業(yè)用地清理。可知，menaces包含了"coastaldevelopment,pollutionandlandclearingforagriculture"，而沿海開發(fā)、污染和農(nóng)業(yè)用地清理都是不利于紅樹林發(fā)展的，是紅樹林所面臨的威脅，可推測劃線詞menaces的含義為"威脅"，故選B。14．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的"Saintilanfoundthatmangroveforestsexperiencingsemi-diurnaltidestendedtobelargeranddenserpreciselywhenhighertideswereexpectedbasedonthemoon'sorbit,whichcoulddelivermuchmorewaterandnecessarynutrientstomangroves."Saintilan發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)歷半晝夜潮汐的紅樹林往往更大、更密集，而根據(jù)月球軌道預(yù)計潮汐會更高，這可以為紅樹林提供更多的水和必要的養(yǎng)分?？芍?，月球是通過推動潮汐，為紅樹林提供有益元素，故選C。15．考查標題歸納。根據(jù)第一段"Theshinyleavesandbranchingrootsofmangroves(紅樹林)inAustraliaareeye-catching,andnowastudyprovidesuswithnewfindingsaboutthetrees.Long-termtidalcycles(潮汐周期),inlargepart,setinmotiontheexpansionandcontractionofmangroveforestsbythemoondrive,researchersreportinScienceAdvances.Thisdiscoveryiskeytopredictingwhenmangrovesaremostlikelytogrowfast."澳大利亞紅樹閃亮的葉子和分枝的根引人注目，現(xiàn)在一項研究為我們提供了關(guān)于這種樹的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。研究人員在《科學進展》上報告說，長期的潮汐周期在很大程度上是由月球驅(qū)動的紅樹林的擴張和收縮引起的。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是預(yù)測何時紅樹林最有可能快速生長的關(guān)鍵?？芍?，本文主要介紹了一項關(guān)于澳大利亞紅樹林的新研究，揭示了長期潮汐周期對紅樹林擴張和收縮的影響，以及月亮對紅樹林生長的驅(qū)動作用，"關(guān)于月球驅(qū)動器和紅樹林的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。"可以作為本文的最佳標題，故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．D；17．C；18．A；19．E；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了恐懼對于成年人和孩子的影響，以及如何克服恐懼的影響。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇生活類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Foradults,thephobiacanseriouslylimitaperson'sfunctioning."對于成年人來說，恐懼癥會嚴重限制一個人的功能；以及空后"Ifyouoryourchildexperiencesaphobia,youmaywishtotrythefollowingtoreducethedistresssurroundingit."如果你或你的孩子患有恐懼癥，你可能希望嘗試以下措施來減少圍繞它的痛苦。可知，空處應(yīng)與兒童有關(guān)，D.Forchildren,itleadstoincreasedanxietyandmayleaduptoschoolavoidance."對于兒童來說，它會導致焦慮增加，并可能導致逃避學校。"上下文一致，符合語境，故選D。17．根據(jù)空后"Dr.DanSiegel,clinicalprofessorofpsychiatryatUCLA,summarizesthisexperienceas"nameittotameit."Pixar'smovieMonsters,Inc.illustratesthisnicelyasthemonsterintheclosetbecomeslessscarywhenBoonamesitKitty."加州大學洛杉磯分校（UCLA）精神病學臨床教授丹·西格爾（DanSiegel）博士將這種經(jīng)歷總結(jié)為"命名以馴服它"。皮克斯的電影《怪獸公司》很好地說明了這一點，因為當Boo將其命名為Kitty時，壁櫥里的怪物變得不那么可怕了?？芍?，本段的建議是通過給恐懼起名字來克服恐懼，C.Labelingthefeartendstoreducethepowerofthefeareditem."給恐懼貼上標簽往往會降低恐懼物品的力量。"符合語境，故選C。18．根據(jù)空后"Askyourselfwhetherthefearissensible."問問自己，這種恐懼是否合理?？芍?，本段是要分析恐懼，A.Analyzethefear."分析恐懼"符合語境，故選A。19．根據(jù)空前"Forinstance,ifsomeoneisafraidofsnakes,picturingasnakeinone'smindcomesfirst,thenlookingatapictureoftherattlesnake,andfinallygoingtothezoo."例如，如果有人害怕蛇，首先在腦海中想象一條蛇，然后看響尾蛇的照片，最后去動物園。可知，前文分析的是面對恐懼時的策略，E.Thesestepscanbepairedwithrelaxationstrategiestolimitthephysiologicalfearresponse."這些步驟可以與放松策略搭配使用，以限制生理性恐懼反應(yīng)。"上下文一致，符合語境，故選E。20．根據(jù)空前"Insummary,itisperfectlynaturalandhumantoexperiencefears."總而言之，經(jīng)歷恐懼是完全自然和人性化的；以及空后"Ifaphobialasts,itisalwaysanoptiontoseekthehelpofamentalhealthprofessional."如果恐懼癥持續(xù)存在，尋求心理健康專家的幫助始終是一種選擇。可知，空處與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，與恐懼持續(xù)存在有關(guān)，G.However,whenthatfearbecomestoomuchorfixed,itcanpreventusfromenjoyingthejoysornecessitiesoflife."然而，當這種恐懼變得太多或固定時，它會阻止我們享受生活的快樂或必需品。符合語境，故選G?！敬鸢浮?1．A；22．D；23．B；24．B；25．C；26．D；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．C；31．A；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，探討了慈善商店的多個益處。慈善商店通過循環(huán)利用舊物品延長它們的使用價值，避免它們被送往垃圾填埋場；其次，慈善商