江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學年高二上期中英語試題（含解析）

江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學年高二上學期11月期中英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）AstheexcitementoftheSummerOlympicsattractsaudiencesworldwide,itpresentsagoldenopportunitytoinspireouryoungergenerationnotjustinsportsbutinthefieldsofScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics(STEM).Thesedisciplines,oftenperceivedascomplex,canbemadeaccessibleandenjoyablethroughthelensoftheOlympics.Here,weexploreaseriesofinnovativeSTEMchallengesdesignedforbothlowerelementaryandupperelementarystudents,aimedatsparkingtheircuriosityandfosteringaloveforlearning.SurfingSTEMChallengeTheSurfingSTEMChallengeinvitesstudentstoexplorethefascinatingworldofmagneticforces(磁力)bykeepingasurfersuspendedinmid-air.Usingamagneticstick,studentsguidethesurfer’strack,mirroringthefluidmovementsofsurfingwaves.BasketballSTEMchallengeTheBasketballSTEMchallengeattractsstudentsbytaskingthemwithinventingabasketballgametailoredforone-handedplay,makinguseofmaterialsathand.Theactivityhighlightstheimportanceofcreativity,engineeringcapability,andcooperativeeffort,allwithinthevibrantatmosphereoftheSummerOlympics.SkateboardingSTEMActivityTheSkateboardingSTEMActivitychallengesstudentstoconstructasmallskateboard,alongwithconstructingaskateparktoshowtheirfingerboardingskills.It’sanengagingwaytoconnectwiththedynamicworldofskateboardingintheSummerOlympics,encouragingteamwork,innovation,andhands-onlearning.GolfSTEMChallengeTheGolfSTEMChallengetasksstudentswiththeexcitingprojectofdesigningandbuildingaminigolfcourse,alongwithcreatingtheirowngolfclub.ThisinnovativeapproachtolearningnotonlybringsthespiritoftheSummerOlympicsintotheclassroombutalsofostersteamwork,problem-solving,andadeeperunderstandingofthescientificconceptsbehindthegameofgolf.ClickHeretofindoutmoreinformation.1．IntheSurfingSTEMChallenge,studentslearnabout________.A．magneticforces B．wavepatterns C．surfingskills D．fluiddynamics2．WhatdoSkateboardingSTEMActivityandGolfSTEMChallengehaveincommon?A．Theybothemphasizeteamworkandscientificconcepts.B．Theybothencouragestudentstobuildsomethingphysical.C．Theyarebotheagertoimprovestudents’emotionalskills.D．Theybothattempttoconnectstudentswiththenaturalworld.3．Whereisthispassagemostlikelytobefound?A．Onablog B．Inareport C．Onawebsite D．InamagazineWhenStanfordUniversitystudent.EllenXu,now18,wasafive-year-oldinSanDiego,California,sheclearlyremembersthatherparentsrushedherlittlesistertothehospital.Three-year-oldKatehadfallenseriouslyill;shehadafever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue.Atfirst,thepuzzleddoctorsthoughtshehadflu,butwhenherconditiondidn’timprove,theXusreturnedtotheclinicroom,whereadoctorbychancehadasimilarearlierexperiencewithsuchsymptomsinthebloodknownasKawasakidisease.Thoughrare,it’stheleadingcauseoftheheartdiseaseinbabiesandyoungchildren,anditscausesremainunknown.Thedoctorknewhowtotreatit:HeorderedsomemedicineforKate,andfinallysheshookoff-theillnesswithoutsufferingdamagetoherheart.Xuremembersbeingcuriousabouthersister’sillnessconditionandwasamazedthatthegrown-upscouldn’tanswerherquestionsaboutwhyitwassohardtocheck.“Inmymind,itwasthispuzzleIwantedtosolve,”shesays.Tenyearslater,wantingtoenterahighschoolsciencefair,shehadanidea.Whatifwehadadoctorinourpocket?Soshecreatedjustthat:UsingAI,Xudesignedaprogramthatusesvisualfactstocheckthediseasebasedonfivephysicalsymptoms.Thetechnologyworksthesamewayasappsthatcanidentifybirdsandplantswithphotosyou’vetakenonyourcellphone.Worriedparentscanuploadaphotothattheyhavetakenoftheirchild,andthetechnologywillscanthepictureforsymptomsofthedisease,whichoftenhavestrongvisualfactors,suchasaswollentongue.Xu’sinventionhasbeenappliedasawebapponthewebsite.“Thetechnologycouldalsobedevelopedforrecognizingsomeotherdiseases,”shesays.“Itmeansalottome.IwanttouseAItohelppeoplelivehappierandhealthierlives.”XusaysthathersisterKale,nowinherthirdyearofhighschoolwithdreamsofbecominganenvironmentalengineer,isstrongandhealthy.4．WhenKatewasthreeyearsold,shehadthesymptomsEXCEPT________.A．a(chǎn)fever B．a(chǎn)cough C．reddenedeyes D．swellinginhands5．WhatinspiredEllentostarttheprogram?A．Towinamedal. B．Tosavehersister. C．Toscanuniqueplants. D．Tohelppeopleinneed.6．HowdoesEllen’sprogramwork?A．Byaskingdetailedquestionsaboutthesymptoms.B．Byanalyzingthetextdescriptionofthesymptoms.C．Byidentifyingthesymptomsinuploadedphotos.D．Bydirectlycommunicatingwithdoctorsfordiagnosis.7．WhichwordscanbestdescribeEllenaccordingtothetext?A．stubbornbutcareful B．warm-heartedandoutgoingC．hardworkingandcommitted D．innovativeandcaringTherewasatimewhenatriptothesupermarketintheUnitedStatesoftenendedwithaseeminglysimplequestionfromthecashier:“Paperorplastic?”Well,whichtypeofbagwouldyouchoose?Whilealltypesofbagshavesomeinfluenceontheenvironment,ithaslongbeensupposedthatpaperbagsarekinder.Theyaremadefromarenewablesource,breakdowneasily,burnwithoutgivingoffthicksmokeandcanberecycled.However,theproducingprocessbehindpaperbagsusesmoreenergythanthatofplasticones.Howcanthisbetrue?Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakepaperbagsistwentytimeshigher.Besides,theinfluenceonforestsisveryserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags,whichhappenstobethenumberofbagsusedintheUnitedStatesyearly.Intermsofrecycling,theideathatpaperbagsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanplasticonescanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowsitrequiresabout98%lessenergytorecycleplasticthanitdoestorecyclepaper.Eventhoughpaperbagsmightbemoreharmfulthanplasticones,plasticstillseemstobeconsideredbygovernmentsasthemoreharmfulofthetwo.InIreland,forexample,ataxhasbeenintroducedtodiscouragetheuseofplasticbags.Peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.There’snodoubtthatitmakesmoresensetoreusethesebags.However,wedon’tseemtobedoingthatatpresent.Clothbagsareabetterchoice,butstill,theirproductionalsohasabadinfluenceontheenvironment.Sowhattodo?Howshouldweanswerthequestionof“Paperorplastic?”Itseemsthatwefirstneedtoaskourselvesonemoregeneralquestion:“WhatcanIdotohelptheenvironment?”8．Thequestion“Paperorplastic?”isusedto________.A．introducethetopic B．a(chǎn)ttractcustomers’attentionC．entertaincustomers D．promotepaperbags9．Whatdowelearnfromparagraph3?A．Paperbagscausemorepollutionwhenburned. B．Paperbagswillmakeuslosealltheforests.C．Paperbagsarenogreenerthanplasticones. D．Paperbagsaren’tmadefromrenewableresources.10．InIreland,theuseofplasticbagshasdroppedquicklybecause________.A．freeplasticbagsarenolongeravailable B．thegovernmenthasbannedplasticbagsC．peoplerealizetheharmofplasticbags D．paperbagshavebecomemorepopular11．Whatmaybetheauthor’srecommendation?A．Alwayschoosepaperbags. B．Usethesamebagmanytimes.C．Usemoreclothbags. D．Stopusingbagscompletely.AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstems(莖)cut.Thesoundsareaboutthesamevolume(音量)asnormalhumanconversation.However,thepitch(音高)istoohighforpeopletohear.Theresearchersbelieveinsects,othermammalsandmaybeevenotherplantscanprobablyhearthesoundofthestressedplants.“Eveninaquietfield,thereareactuallysoundswedon’thear,andthosesoundscarryinformation,”saidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromTelAvivUniversity.“Someanimalscanhearthesesounds,sothereisapossibilitythatalotofinteractionisoccurring.”Theresearchersusedmicrophonestorecordhealthyandstressedtomatoplants,andtrainedamachinelearningalgorithm(算法)todistinguishbetweenunstressedplants,thirstyplantsandcutplants.Theyfoundthatstressedplantsgiveoutmoresoundsthanunstressedones.Thesoundsfromstressedplantswerelikepopsorclicks.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalCell,foundthirstyplantsbeganmakingnoisebeforetheyvisiblydehydrated,andthefrequencyofsoundsreachedthehighestafterfivedayswithnowater,beforedecreasingagainastheplantsdriedupcompletely.Hadanysaidhappyplantswerefoundtomakefarfewersounds.Whentomatoplantswerenotstressedatall,theywereveryquiet.Thestudyalsofoundsoundrecordingsofplantscouldbeusefulinagriculturetoensurecropsgetenoughwateranddistributewaterwhereitwasneededmost.However,it’sunclearwhyplantsproducethesesoundsandwhomightbelistening.ProfessorHadanysaid,“Wearecurrentlyinvestigatingtheresponsesofotherorganisms,bothanimalsandplants,tothesesounds,andwe’realsoexploringourabilitytoidentifyandinterpretthesoundsincompletelynaturalenvironments.”12．Inwhichofthefollowingsituationmightplantsmakesounds?A．whentheyareplayedmusic. B．whentheirstemsarebrokenC．whentheyareenjoyingsunlight D．whentheyareofferedshelter13．Whatistheclosestmeaningoftheunderlinedword“dehydrated”inparagraph4?A．driedout B．givenout C．putout D．laidout14．WhatisthemainfocusofProfessorHadany’spresentresearch?A．Makingplantsproduceloudersoundsandapplythemtopractice.B．Understandingwhyplantsmakesoundsandthepotentiallisteners.C．Updatingtheknowledgeofplantstohumansandpromotelearning.D．Developinganewmachinelearningalgorithmtorecordplantsounds.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．HowPlantsTalkwithEachOther B．PlantSounds:AnUnexploredfieldC．UncoveringtheSecretsofPlantNoises D．TheSoundsofPlantsinStressandBeyondThere’sanarttoarrangingpicturesonawall.16.Areyoutryingtobesurprisingwithyourpictureplacement?Areyoutryingtoarousecuriosityorattractpeople’sattentiontoaparticularartwork?Onceyou’veidentifiedthegoal,letthefollowinggeneralprinciplesguideyou.GettheheightrightConventionalwisdomsaysartshouldbehungateyelevel.But“eyelevel”meansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Soabasicruleistohangpiecessothattheircentersare56to60inchesabovethefloor.Andiftheartisgoingoverfurniture,aimtohangit8to10inchesfromthetopofthesofaorwhateverpieceisbeneathit.Whateverheightyouchoose,keepinmind:fromapsychologicalperspective,ifit’sascenefromnature,forexample,17.TakecarewhengroupingpiecesWhengroupingartpiecestocreateagallerywall,giveprioritytothethingthatismostspecial.18,ensuringthereisavisuallyequaldistancebetweenoneanother.Agoodruleistoaimfortwoinchesapartwithsmalleritems,andatmostsixinchesapartwithlargerworks.Inthiscase,itbringspeopleaharmoniousvisualeffect.19Whenarrangingartworkinagroup,lookforoneortwoelements(元素)thatrepeatbetweenthepieces,whetherit’sasimilarcolor,oraparticularstyleofframe(框架).Whentheyallsharethiscommoncharacteristic,thebrainsays,“Oh,thiswasmeanttobe,”—itbecomeseasiertoprocesswhatyou’relookingat.Createbalanceandsymmetry(對稱)Researchshowsthathumansprefersymmetry.A2018studyfromtheUniversityofViennafoundthatbotharthistoryandpsychologystudentsattheuniversitylevelprefersymmetricalpatternswithartoverasymmetricalones;Inotherexperiments,researchersinRomefoundthatvisualsymmetryevenleadstopositivemoodchangesinviewers.MakeaproperarrangementBeforeyoucommittothearrangementyouhaveinmindbyhammering(捶打)holesintoawall,layoutwhatyouplanonthefloorinadvancetogetasenseofhowitwilllook.Considerthisarehearsal(彩排)foryourpersonalartshow.20.A．Locateaconsistentlink.B．Ensuretwoimportantrepeatedelements.C．Bemindfulofthespacebetweentheframes.D．it’smostrelaxingifitseemslikewecanstepintoit.E．Onceyou’vegotthecorrectlayout,hammerthenails.F．itshouldbehungashighaspossibletobemoredramatic.G．Thefirststepistothinkaboutwhatyou’retryingtoachieve.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）WhenIwas8,myfamilymovedintoourbrand-newhome.Myparentshadadaptedittoourown21needsandinterests,includingbuilt-inbookshelvesto22theirhundredsofbooksandalarge,brightsunroomtoshelteralltheplantsmygarden-lovingfatherplannedtogrow.Unfortunately,afewmonthslater,aheartattack23hislife.Mymother,whoneverhad24filledoursunroomwithlow-lightplantslikeferns(蕨類植物),whichconsistentlydiedoff.Insteadofgivingup,she25overyearsandeventuallygotbetterthroughtrialanderror.Sheneverspecificallysaidshewantedtobecomeabettergardenerasawaytokeepmydad’smemoryalive,butIknewthesightofthe26couldcalltomindtheirhappytime.Itwasa27toherthatatleastpartoftheroomalwayshadplantsgrowinginit.Thenlastyear,Momexperiencedaseriesof28thatlandedherinhospital.AsIwasthoroughly29withtendingherwhileraisingkidsandworking,Ifelt30tothepointofbreakdown.31,Ialwaysgotrechargedwhen32herplants,especiallyherenormousferns—nowathomeinamoreappropriate33spot.Mommaynotbewithusmuchlonger,forherhealthhas34significantly.It’smy35todevelopagreenthumb—nursingherplantsisafuturesourceofcomfortthatwecouldbealwaystogether.21．A．urgent B．particular C．basic D．formal22．A．house B．contain C．keep D．hide23．A．wasted B．a(chǎn)ffected C．threatened D．claimed24．A．goldentouch B．silvertongue C．brownthumbs D．greenfingers25．A．examined B．explored C．experimented D．discovered26．A．books B．bookshelves C．plants D．home27．A．comfort B．promise C．reward D．habit28．A．rises B．climbs C．falls D．a(chǎn)dvances29．A．disappointed B．occupied C．bored D．a(chǎn)ssociated30．A．energetic B．excited C．discouraged D．exhausted31．A．Logically B．Systematically C．Magically D．Consequently32．A．shoutingat B．cleaningaway C．cuttingdown D．caringfor33．A．warm B．shady C．sunny D．cold34．A．improved B．declined C．changed D．increased35．A．turn B．decision C．dream D．future三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesehitvideogameBlackMyth:Wukonghastakenthegamingworldbystorm,36(sell)morethan10millioncopiesacrossallplatformsinjustthreedaysafteritsrelease,developerGameScienceannouncedonFridaynight.ConsideredthefirstChinese-developed“Triple-A”title,BlackMyth:Wukong37(top)the“most-playedgames”listonSteam,aleadinggamingplatform,38(mere)anhourafteritsreleaseonTuesdaymorning.GameSciencerevealedthat39game’smaximumnumberofplayersplayingatthesametimeacrossallplatformsreached3million.BlackMyth:Wukongdraws40(inspire)fromtheclassicChinesenovelJourneytotheWest,41followstheadventuresofamonkandhisthreedisciples.Withaparticularfocus42SunWukong,thevideogamebringslifetothelegendaryMonkeyKing43(know)forhissupernaturalpowersandmischievous(淘氣的)nature.44mostplayersarefromChina,thegame’spopularityisspreadingrapidlyworldwide.Itssuccesshasevenboostedthestock45(price)ofsomecompaniesandspurredtourisminShanxiprovince.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．現(xiàn)在選擇騎自行車上學的學生越來越多，交通安全問題特別重要。假如你是李華，對此問題，請你根據(jù)以下要點寫一篇短文向校英文報投稿。要點如下：47．學生選擇騎行上學的原因；2.自行車的優(yōu)點；3.呼吁大家遵守交通規(guī)則。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；3.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Recently,thenumberofstudentschoosingtogotoschoolbybikehasbeenincreasingallthetime.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、書面表達（本大題共1小題）48．閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ThecostofasmileKathywasayoungwomaninher20’swhoworkedinasmallrestaurantasawaitress.Oneday,asshewentabouthershiftwithherusualangrylook,akindoldmanwalkedinandsatdownatthecounter.Hereadthemenuandpolitelytoldherwhathewanted.Kathytookhisorderandyelled,“Yourfoodwillbereadysoon.”Assheturnedtoleave,themansaid,“Asmilecostsnothing”.Kathyrolledhereyesathimandwalkedaway.Shebroughthisorder,clearedhisplates,andgavehimthebill,forwhichheleftanicetip.Eachtimetheoldmansawher,hesmiledandthankedher.Thisonlymadeherangrier.Aweekwentby,andeverydaythemancameforlunchandthesamethinghappened.AndeachtimeKathytookhisorderhewouldsay,“Asmilecostsnothing.”Butaweeklater,Kathypickedupamenu,wrotethewords“1SMILE…$20"atthebottom,andplaceditonthecounterforthekindoldmantosee.Hecame,andKathywaitedforhisreactionashereadthemenu.Theoldmanorderedhisusualandadded,“…andasmile,ifyoudon’tmind”.Kathywassosurprised.Shelaughedoutloud,“Now,now…”Themanjokinglyscolded.“Iorderedasmile,notalaugh”.SoKathyputonabrightsmileandsaid,“Comingrightup,sir.”Andtohersurprise,heleft$20tip!Afewyearswentby,andthetwobondedlikefamily.Charlie,thekindoldman,wasaretiredmanagerwhosewifepassedawaylongago.Hespentmostofhistimeathome,withtheexceptionofhisfrequentrestaurantvisits.EverydayKathyspentherbreaktalkingtohim.注意：49．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；50．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Paragraph1:Onedayhedidn’tcometotherestaurant._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Severaldaysafterthefuneral(葬禮),Kathyreceivedaveryimportant-lookingletterinthemail._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．A2．B3．C【分析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了幾個結(jié)合夏季奧運會主題的STEM教育活動，旨在激發(fā)小學生對科學、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學的興趣。【解析】1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SurfingSTEMChallenge部分“TheSurfingSTEMChallengeinvitesstudentstoexplorethefascinatingworldofmagneticforcesbykeepingasurfersuspendedinmid-air.(沖浪STEM挑戰(zhàn)賽邀請學生通過讓沖浪者懸浮在半空中來探索磁力的迷人世界)”可知，在沖浪STEM挑戰(zhàn)賽中，學生們學習磁力的知識。故選A項。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SkateboardingSTEMActivity部分“TheBasketballSTEMchallengeattractsstudentsbytaskingthemwithinventingabasketballgametailoredforone-handedplay,makinguseofmaterialsathand.(滑板STEM活動挑戰(zhàn)學生構(gòu)建一個小滑板，以及建設一個滑板公園來展示他們的指板技巧)”及GolfSTEMChallenge部分“TheGolfSTEMChallengetasksstudentswiththeexcitingprojectofdesigningandbuildingaminigolfcourse,alongwithcreatingtheirowngolfclub.(高爾夫STEM挑戰(zhàn)任務學生完成一個激動人心的項目，即設計和建造一個迷你高爾夫球場，以及創(chuàng)建自己的高爾夫球桿)”可知，它們都鼓勵學生建造實物。故選B項。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ClickHeretofindoutmoreinformation.(點擊這里了解更多信息)”可知，文章來自網(wǎng)絡。故選C項?！敬鸢浮?．B5．D6．C7．D【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了18歲的斯坦福大學學生EllenXu在回憶起5歲時妹妹Kate患川崎病的經(jīng)歷后，因?qū)Ξ敃r大人們無法回答自己關(guān)于這種疑難病癥的疑問而感到好奇，于是在10年后利用AI設計了一個基于五種身體癥狀的視覺信息來檢查疾病的程序。【解析】4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Three-year-oldKatehadfallenseriouslyill;shehadafever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue.(三歲的凱特病得很嚴重；她發(fā)燒、眼睛發(fā)紅，手和舌頭有些腫脹。)”可知，Kate的癥狀有afever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue，沒有提到acough。故選B項。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Whatifwehadadoctorinourpocket?Soshecreatedjustthat:UsingAI,Xudesignedaprogramthatusesvisualfactstocheckthediseasebasedonfivephysicalsymptoms.(如果我們口袋里有個醫(yī)生呢？因此，她創(chuàng)造了這個項目：使用AI，Xu設計了一個程序，該程序使用視覺事實根據(jù)五種身體癥狀來檢查疾病。)”可知，Ellen看到妹妹生病時大人們無法解答她的疑問，后來想要有個“口袋醫(yī)生”，她創(chuàng)造了利用AI識別疾病的程序，目的是幫助有需要的人，故選D項。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Worriedparentscanuploadaphotothattheyhavetakenoftheirchild,andthetechnologywillscanthepictureforsymptomsofthedisease,whichoftenhavestrongvisualfactors,suchasaswollentongue.(擔心的父母可以上傳他們?yōu)楹⒆优臄z的照片，該技術(shù)將掃描照片以查找疾病癥狀，這些癥狀通常具有強烈的視覺因素，例如舌頭腫脹。)”可知，Ellen的程序通過識別上傳照片中的癥狀來運作的，故選C項。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中“Xu’sinventionhasbeenappliedasawebapponthewebsite.‘Thetechnologycouldalsobedevelopedforrecognizingsomeotherdiseases,’shesays.‘Itmeansalottome.IwanttouseAItohelppeoplelivehappierandhealthierlives.’(Xu的發(fā)明已作為網(wǎng)站上的Web應用程序應用?！斑@項技術(shù)也可以開發(fā)用于識別其他一些疾病，”她說?！斑@對我來說意義重大。我想用AI幫助人們過上更快樂、更健康的生活?！?”可知，Ellen創(chuàng)造了利用AI識別疾病的程序，體現(xiàn)了她的創(chuàng)新；她想幫助人們過上更幸福、更健康的生活，說明她有愛心，故選D項?！敬鸢浮?．A9．C10．A11．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章以超市收銀員常問的“要紙袋還是塑料袋？”這一問題引出話題，通過對比紙袋和塑料袋對環(huán)境的影響，指出紙袋并不比塑料袋更環(huán)保，同時提到愛爾蘭通過征稅減少塑料袋使用的例子，最后引發(fā)思考，即我們應該通過重復使用袋子等方式來保護環(huán)境，而不是簡單地在紙袋和塑料袋之間做選擇?！窘馕觥?．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TherewasatimewhenatriptothesupermarketintheUnitedStatesoftenendedwithaseeminglysimplequestionfromthecashier:‘Paperorplastic?’Well,whichtypeofbagwouldyouchoose?(曾幾何時，去美國超市的旅程經(jīng)常以收銀員看似簡單的問題結(jié)束：“紙還是塑料？”那么，你會選擇哪種類型的包呢？)”可知這個問題在文章開頭被提出，目的是引出關(guān)于紙袋和塑料袋對環(huán)境影響的話題。故選A項。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakepaperbagsistwentytimeshigher.Besides,theinfluenceonforestsisveryserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags,whichhappenstobethenumberofbagsusedintheUnitedStatesyearly.Intermsofrecycling,theideathatpaperbagsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanplasticonescanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowsitrequiresabout98%lessenergytorecycleplasticthanitdoestorecyclepaper.(研究表明，紙袋生產(chǎn)所需的能源是塑料袋生產(chǎn)的四倍。制作紙袋的水量要高出20倍。此外，對森林的影響非常嚴重。生產(chǎn)100億個紙袋大約需要1400萬棵樹，這恰好是美國每年使用的袋子數(shù)量。在回收方面，紙袋比塑料袋更環(huán)保的想法可以很快被丟棄。研究表明，回收塑料所需的能源比回收紙張少98%左右。)”可知，通過對比紙袋和塑料袋的生產(chǎn)過程中所需的能源、用水量以及對森林的影響和回收所需的能量等方面，得出紙袋并不比塑料袋更環(huán)保的結(jié)論，故選C項。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“InIreland,forexample,ataxhasbeenintroducedtodiscouragetheuseofplasticbags.Peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.(例如，在愛爾蘭，已經(jīng)引入了一項稅收來阻止使用塑料袋。人們必須為每個塑料袋支付22美分，因此，它們的使用量迅速下降。)”可知，在愛爾蘭，人們對每個塑料袋要支付22美分，這相當于塑料袋不再免費提供，所以其使用量迅速下降。故選A項。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“There’snodoubtthatitmakesmoresensetoreusethesebags.(毫無疑問，重復使用這些袋子更有意義。)”可知，作者可能會建議多次使用同一個袋子來減少對環(huán)境的影響。故選B項。【答案】12．B13．A14．B15．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了以色列的一項研究，表明植物在缺水或莖被切斷等壓力情況下會發(fā)出聲音，并探討了這些聲音的潛在聽眾和意義?！窘馕觥?2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.(一項以色列研究表明，植物在缺水或莖被切斷等壓力情況下會發(fā)出一些聲音)”可知，當植物的莖被折斷時，它們可能會發(fā)出聲音。故選B。13．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段劃線詞后“andthefrequencyofsoundsreachedthehighestafterfivedayswithnowater,beforedecreasingagainastheplantsdriedupcompletely.(而且五天不給水后，聲音的頻率達到最高，然后隨著植物完全干燥而再次下降)”可推知，口渴的植物在明顯脫水之前就開始發(fā)出噪音，故劃線詞與A項driedout“變干，干涸”意義相近。故選A項。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,it’sunclearwhyplantsproducethesesoundsandwhomightbelistening.(然而，目前尚不清楚植物為什么會發(fā)出這些聲音以及誰會聽到這些聲音)”可知，Hadiany教授目前的研究重點是理解為什么植物會發(fā)出聲音以及可能的聽眾。故選B。15．主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文及文章第一段“AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.(一項以色列研究表明，植物在缺水或莖被切斷等壓力情況下會發(fā)出一些聲音)”可知，本文主要討論了植物在壓力下發(fā)出的聲音及其潛在意義，故D項“壓力下和擺脫壓力的植物的聲音”適合作為文章的標題。故選D項。【答案】16．G17．D18．C19．A20．E【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文就如何把畫掛在墻上提出幾點建議?！窘馕觥?6．根據(jù)上句“There’sanarttoarrangingpicturesonawall.(把畫掛在墻上是一門藝術(shù)。)”以及后句“Areyoutryingtobesurprisingwithyourpictureplacement?Areyoutryingtoarousecuriosityorattractpeople’sattentiontoaparticularartwork?(你是想用你的照片來給人驚喜嗎？你是想引起人們對某件藝術(shù)品的好奇心還是想吸引人們的注意力？)”為把畫掛在墻上的效果的具體介紹?？芍?，設空處承上啟下，說明畫掛在墻上需要思考想要達到的效果，G項：Thefirststepistothinkaboutwhatyou’retryingtoachieve(第一步是想想你想要達到什么目標)合乎題意，故選G。17．根據(jù)上句“Whateverheightyouchoose,keepinmind:fromapsychologicalperspective,ifit’sascenefromnature,forexample,(從心理學的角度來看，無論你選擇什么高度，都要記?。豪纾绻谴笞匀坏膱鼍?”可知，設空處為如果是大自然的場景，從心理學的角度來看應該達到的效果，D項：it’smostrelaxingifitseemslikewecanstepintoit(如果我們可以進入大自然的場景，那是最放松的)合乎題意。故選D。18．根據(jù)后句“ensuringthereisavisuallyequaldistancebetweenoneanother.(確保彼此之間的視覺距離相等。)”可知，確保彼此之間的視覺距離相等，需要注意框架之間的空間。C項：Bemindfulofthespacebetweentheframes(注意框架之間的空間)合乎題意。故選C。19．設空處概括本段內(nèi)容，為本段小標題，設空處與上下段的首句句式保持一致，即應是祈使句。根據(jù)本段“Whenarrangingartworkinagroup,lookforoneortwoelements(元素)thatrepeatbetweenthepieces,whetherit’sasimilarcolor,oraparticularstyleofframe(框架)(在一組作品中安排藝術(shù)品時，尋找一兩個在作品之間重復的元素，無論是相似的顏色，還是特定風格的框架)”可知，這樣做的目的是確保一致性鏈接，A項：Locateaconsistentlink(確定一致性鏈接)概括本段，合乎題意。故選A。20．根據(jù)上文“Beforeyoucommittothearrangementyouhaveinmindbyhammering(捶打)holesintoawall,layoutwhatyouplanonthefloorinadvancetogetasenseofhowitwilllook.(在你打算在墻上打洞之前，先把你的計劃放在地板上，了解一下它會是什么樣子。)”可知，設空處承接上句，說明確定好后，下一步的做法，E項：Onceyou’vegotthecorrectlayout,hammerthenails(一旦你有了正確的布局，錘釘子)合乎題意。故選E?！敬鸢浮?1．B22．A23．D24．D25．C26．C27．A28．C29．B30．D31．C32．D33．B34．B35．A【分析】文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了從爸爸到媽媽再到作者在養(yǎng)植物的過程中得到安慰的故事?！窘馕觥?1．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母根據(jù)我們自己的特殊需求和興趣定制了它，包括內(nèi)置書架，用來存放他們的數(shù)百本書，還有一個明亮的大日光室，用來遮擋我愛花園的父親計劃種植的所有植物。A.urgent緊急的；B.particular特殊的；C.basic基本的；D.formal正式的。根據(jù)下文“needsandinterests”可知，這里說的是根據(jù)我們的特殊需求來定制的。故選B項。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母根據(jù)我們自己的特殊需求和興趣定制了它，包括內(nèi)置書架，用來存放他們的數(shù)百本書，還有一個明亮的大日光室，用來遮擋我愛花園的父親計劃種植的所有植物。A.house收藏存放；B.contain包括；C.keep保持；D.hide躲藏。根據(jù)上文“built-inbookshelves”可知，書架用來存放他們的數(shù)百本書。故選A項。23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，幾個月后，心臟病發(fā)作奪去了他的生命。A.wasted浪費；B.affected影響；C.threatened威脅；D.claimed奪去生命。根據(jù)上文“aheartattack(心臟病發(fā)作)”可知，此處說的是奪去了他的生命。故選D項。24．考查名詞短語辨析。句意：我的母親不擅長園藝，她在我們的日光室里種了一些低光的植物，比如蕨類植物，這些植物一直在曬傷。A.goldentouch金色之觸；B.silvertongue善于言辭；C.brownthumbs園藝技能差；D.greenfingers擅長園藝的人。根據(jù)下文“filledoursunroomwithlow-lightplantslikeferns(蕨類