浙江中考英語(yǔ)2022-2024年真題匯編-教師版-專(zhuān)題10 閱讀理解（議論文）

三年（2022-2024）中考英語(yǔ)真題分類(lèi)匯編（浙江專(zhuān)用）專(zhuān)題10閱讀理解（議論文）（2024浙江）Doyougetintroubleforfeedingyourdogonfoodfromdinnerunderthetable?Anewstudysuggeststhatbysharing“peoplefood”,youmightactuallybehelpingtokeepyourpethealthy.Manydogsarefeddryprocessedfood.Sciencehasshownthatadiet(飲食)ofprocessedfoodisnothealthyforhumans.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofHelsinki,inFinland,saythisdietisnotgoodforourpetdogs,either.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthefoodadogmightfindinanowner’shomesuchaseggs,fish,meatandvegetablesmaybebetterthanadietofjustdogfood.Thisisbecausehavingdifferentkindsoffoodleadstomorevariety(多樣性)inmicrobes,whicharelittlelivingthings,toosmalltobeseenwithoureyes.Therearemillionsoftheminhumanandanimalbodies.Somearebadforus,butmanyaregoodforus,andtheyplayimportantrolesinhelpingusdigest(消化)food.Atotalof8,500youngpetdogstookpartinthestudy.4,500ofthemwereunder6monthsold,andtherestwerebetween6and18monthsold.Theownerswereaskedaboutwhatfoodtheyhadfedtheirpetsandhowoften.Whenthedogsreachedadulthood,theirownersreportedthatabout20%ofthedogsshowedCEsymptoms(慢性腸胃不適癥狀)suchasweightloss.However,ifdogshadbeenfedamixeddietwhileyoung,itwas22%lesspossibleforthemtoexperienceCEsymptomslaterinlife.Dr.AnnaHielmBjorkmantoldTheTimesofLondon,“Dogfoodonsaleisdescribedasprovidingacompletediet.Butwhatweshowisthatvarietyisimportant.Nobodywouldgive12yearsofthesamefoodtoachild—whyshouldadogbedifferent?”1.Accordingtothenewstudy,dogowners________.A.mustofferdryfoodtotheirdogs B.canfeeddogson“peoplefood”C.hadbetterbuymoreprocessedfood D.shouldn’tmakefoodbythemselves2.Paragraph3mainlyexplainswhy________.A.dogsneeddifferentkindsoffood B.littlelivingthingsstayinhumanbodiesC.scientistsstudydryprocessedfood D.peopleshouldkeepdogsathome3.HowdoesthewriterdescribethestudyinParagraph4tomakeitbelievable?A.Byusingpictures. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bytellingstories. D.Bylistingnumbers.4.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.History. B.Business. C.Science. D.Culture.【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C【解析】本文介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與僅喂食狗糧相比，給狗提供多樣化的“人類(lèi)食物”可能有助于保持其健康，并減少成年后患慢性腸胃不適癥狀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anewstudysuggeststhatbysharing‘peoplefood’,youmightactuallybehelpingtokeepyourpethealthy.”可知，根據(jù)新研究，狗主人可以給狗喂“人類(lèi)食品”。故選B。2.段落大意題。根據(jù)“Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthefoodadogmightfindinanowner’shomesuchaseggs,fish,meatandvegetablesmaybebetterthanadietofjustdogfood....manyaregoodforus,andtheyplayimportantrolesinhelpingusdigest(消化)food.”可知，狗在主人家中找到的食物如雞蛋、魚(yú)、肉和蔬菜，可能比單一的狗糧更好，因?yàn)槎鄻踊氖澄锟梢栽黾芋w內(nèi)有益微生物的種類(lèi)，有助于消化。由此推知本段解釋了為什么狗需要吃多種類(lèi)的食物。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Atotalof8,500youngpetdogstookpartinthestudy.”，“about20%ofthedogsshowedCEsymptoms(慢性腸胃不適癥狀)suchasweightloss”和“However,ifdogshadbeenfedamixeddietwhileyoung,itwas22%lesspossibleforthemtoexperienceCEsymptomslaterinlife.”可知，作者通過(guò)列數(shù)字，使其研究更可信。故選D。4.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與僅喂食狗糧相比，給狗提供多樣化的“人類(lèi)食物”可能有助于保持其健康，并減少成年后患慢性腸胃不適癥狀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由此推知，本文可能來(lái)自雜志的“科學(xué)”部分。故選C。(2023嘉興,D)RogerFederer,aworld-famoussportsstar,quit(放棄)the2020OlympicGamestodealwithhiskneeproblem.Itwasaharddecisionbecausenoonewantedtobeaquitter.Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.Nothingisfunallthetime.Stickingatsomethingdifficultteachesusimportantskillslikeperseverance(毅力).However,learningtoletgowhenthingsaren'trightisimportanttoo.Maybeyourheartisn'tinplayingthepianoanymore,oryouonlyplayfootballbecauseyourfriendsdoandyouwanttotryadifferentsportinstead.Makingthedecisiontowalkawaycanfreeuptimeandenergytospendonsomethingyoureallyenjoy.Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan'treach,ordon'treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidenceandhelpyouleadahappierandhealthierlife.Buthowcanyouknowit'stimetostopandmoveon?EricBeanisanexpertinsportspsychology(心理學(xué))whohelpsathletesandteamsunderstandtheirfeelings.Hesays,“Quittingisneveramatterofblackandwhite.”Hesuggeststhinkingcarefullyaboutwhyyouaren'tenjoyingsomethinganymore.Isitbecauseyou'vearguedwithateammateorcan'tgetonwithanewartteacher?Talkaboutthiswithatrustedadultorfriend.Thatcanhelpyoudecidewhetheryoushouldstayandstick,orquitandmoveon.

Quittingdoesn'thavetomeantotallygivingup,though.Forexample,playinganinstrumentmightbemorefunifyoutakeawaythepressureofexams.Ifyoudodecidetogiveupanactivity,Beansuggestspickingupanotherwhereyoucanstillenjoythingsliketeamwork,creativity,andexercise.1.Thewritermentions“RogerFederer”inParagraph1toshowthat.

A.weshouldnevergiveupB.weshouldgetawayfromtroubleC.it'sallrighttostopandquitD.it'sdifficulttowinOlympicmedals2.AccordingtoParagraph2,learningtoletgoisimportantbecausewecan.

A.learnaboutperseveranceB.haveenoughmoneytospendC.liveabusierandfullerlifeD.feelmoreconfidentinourselves3.BysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3,EricBeanmeansthat.

A.it'snotgoodtostickatthingswedon'tlikeB.weshouldthinktwicebeforequittinganactivityC.wedon'thavetotakeexamstoshowourtrueabilitiesD.it'swisertopickupanewhobbythantokeeptheoldone4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.KnowingWhentoStopB.WorkingHardtoMoveOnC.LearningHowtoGrowUpD.StartingEarlytoMakeChanges答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是議論文。作者認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)該知道何時(shí)需要對(duì)一件事情放手。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.”可知,以RogerFederer為例是為了說(shuō)明有時(shí)放棄也是可以的、有好處的,故選C。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan'treach,ordon'treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidence”可知,放棄你無(wú)法達(dá)到的目標(biāo)或者你不想要的目標(biāo),可以建立你的信心。故選D。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線部分后的“Hesuggeststhinkingcarefullyaboutwhyyouaren'tenjoyingsomethinganymore...Thatcanhelpyoudecidewhetheryoushouldstayandstick,orquitandmoveon.”可知,他建議人們仔細(xì)思考為什么不再享受某件事,跟信任的人談?wù)?這能幫助人們決定是否要放棄,也就是建議人們?nèi)级?故選B。4.A文章標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要談?wù)摿巳藗冏瞿臣虑闀r(shí)要認(rèn)真思考,明白什么時(shí)候應(yīng)該放棄,并闡述了適時(shí)放手的重要性,故選A。(2023金華,D)①Doeslifesometimesseemtobefullofimpossibleproblems?Howmanytimes,forexample,doyoufindyourselfsayingthingslike“Ireallydon'tunderstandthismathsproblem”,or“Ican'tgetintotheschoolteam”?Well,maybeit'stimetointroduceyourselftothepowerof“yet”.Byaddingthissimpleword,youcanchangeeverything.“Ireallydon'tunderstandthismathsproblemyet.”“Ican'tgetintotheschoolteamyet.”Suddenly,theimpossiblebecomespossible.Youcanimaginethosethingshappening.②Ireadaboutaschoolthathaschangedthewayitmarksitsstudents'exams.Theschoolfindoutthattheoldpass/failsystemwasn'thelpingstudents'motivation(積極性).Ifyoupassed,thengreat,butthosestudentswhodidn'tpassoftenfeltlikefailures.Sonowstudentswhodon'tpasstheexamswillnotseeabigred“F”ontheirpapers;theyseea“Notyet”instead.Thatwaythestudentsfeelthattheyareonajourney.Theyhaven'treachedtheend,buttheyknowthattheyaregoingtherightway.③Thiskindofthinkingispartofwhatexpertscall“havingagrowthmindset”.Peoplewithagrowthmindsetdon'tconcentrateonfailure.Theyaren'tworriedbynotgettingthingsrightthefirsttimeandarehappytokeeptryinguntiltheydo.Theyenjoythechallengeandbelievetheycanchange.Incontrast,peoplewhojustfocusonthefailurehavewhattheexpertscall“afixedmindset”.Thesepeoplearealwaysworriedaboutfailureandarehappytogiveupwhenthingsdon'tgoright.Theydon'tthinkthattheyareabletochange.Clearly,itisbettertohaveagrowthmindsetthanafixedmindset.④Butdon'tworryifyouthinkthatyouhaveafixedmindset.▲.Rememberthatitallstartswithquestioningthethingsyoubelieveaboutyourself.Stopbelievingthatyoucan'toryouhaven'tandrealizethatyoujustcan'torhaven'tyet.Onceyoustartdoingthis,you'llwonderwhyyoudidn'tdoitbefore.It'sonesmallbutverypowerfulword.

1.TheexampleinParagraph2isto.

A.expressafeelingB.describeaproblemC.showtheresultD.supportthetopic2.Accordingtothepassage,whichoneofthefollowinghas“agrowthmindset”?A.Jackgotan“A”intheexam.Hewasquitehappytotellhisparents.B.Davidfailedinacompetition,buthestaysconfidentandkeepstrying.C.Jennyfoundithardtoworkoutthemathsproblem,soshegaveitup.D.Emmawasrefusedbytheschoolteam.Shedidn'twanttohaveanothertry.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinto▲?

A.ExpertswillhelpyougrowuphealthilyinmindB.YoucantrainyourselftodevelopagrowthmindsetC.EveryonehashisownadvantagesanddisadvantagesD.Youcanchangeeverythingbyaddingthesmallword“yet”4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePowerof“Yet”B.TwoDifferentMindsetsC.NothingIsImpossibleD.OntheWaytoSuccess答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是議論文。yet(還)是一個(gè)很有分量的詞,且在我們成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中起著重要的作用。1.D推理判斷題。在第一段中,作者表明yet這個(gè)詞能變不可能為可能,鼓勵(lì)人們繼續(xù)努力,第二段通過(guò)介紹這個(gè)詞的運(yùn)用——可以改變成績(jī)不合格的學(xué)生的想法讓他們繼續(xù)前進(jìn),來(lái)證明作者的觀點(diǎn)。故選D。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theyaren'tworriedbynotgettingthingsrightthefirsttimeandarehappytokeeptryinguntiltheydo.”可知,B選項(xiàng)“大衛(wèi)在一場(chǎng)比賽中失敗了,但他保持著自信并不斷努力。”中的大衛(wèi)具有“成長(zhǎng)心態(tài)”。故選B。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butdon'tworryifyouthinkthatyouhaveafixedmindset.”以及下文介紹的如何改變想法可知,此處內(nèi)容和培養(yǎng)“成長(zhǎng)心態(tài)”相關(guān),B選項(xiàng)“你可以訓(xùn)練自己培養(yǎng)成長(zhǎng)心態(tài)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。4.A文章標(biāo)題題。作者認(rèn)為yet(還)是一個(gè)很有分量的詞,且在我們成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中起著重要的作用。選項(xiàng)A作為標(biāo)題最合適。故選A。(2023寧波,C)①Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhat'smoreimportant,lookingfashionableorfeelingcomfortable?Youmighthavenoticedmanypeoplechoosingstyleovercomfortandsomeevengotoextremes(極端)tofollowfashion.Butweshouldremember:beingfashionableisn'teverything.It'smoreimportanttobehealthy.②Somepeoplebelievethattheyneedtobeacertainsizetolookgood.So,theystartextremediets(日常飲食)thatarenotgoodfortheirhealth.Theymightnoteatmealsoreattoolittle,whichcanmakethemfeelsick.Isitahealthywaytolive?③Also,manygirlswearshoeswithveryhighheels.Theymightthinkhighheelsmakethemlooktaller.Buttheseshoescanactuallyhurttheirfeetandmakeithardtowalkcomfortably,anditcanincreaserisksoffalls.Someevenweartight(緊的)clothesthatinfluencebloodcirculation(循環(huán)),makingithardtobreathe.Shouldweputfashionovercomfortandphysicalhealth?④Besides,someboysandgirlsspendalotoftimeandmoneychangingtheirhaircolor.Thematerialtheyuseisusuallyharmfultotheirhealth.Tomaketheirhairstraightorcurly,theyalsousetoolsthatarehotenoughtoburntheirhair.Butusingthesetoolstoooftenoratveryhightemperaturescanmakethehairdryorevenburnt.Isitreallyworthittoriskourhealth,spendingsomuchtimeandmoney?⑤So,let'srethinkwhat'sreallyimportant.Isitfashionorisitourwell-being?Clothesorhairstylesdon'ttellusanythingaboutaperson'scharacter.Insteadofspendingalotoftimechoosingclothes,wecouldusethattimetodofunthingswithfriends.Andinsteadoffollowingextremediets,let'seatproperlyandexerciseregularly.Remember,yourworthisnotdecidedbyyourappearance,butbywhoyouareasaperson.1.Whydosomepeoplegoonextremedietsaccordingtothepassage?A.Becausethedietsarehealthy.B.Becausetheyjustwanttolookgood.C.Becausetheywanttosavetime.D.Becausetheywanttosavemoney.2.Whatisthewriter'spurposeofusingaquestionineachparagraph?A.Toaskforhelpfromreaders.B.Totellhowtospendtimeandmoney.C.Todescribethelatestfashion.D.Toleadreaderstothinkaboutthetopic.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“well-being”inParagraph5mean?A.Growth.B.Health.C.Warmth.D.Wealth.4.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.B.C.D.答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章從飲食、服裝、發(fā)型三個(gè)方面論證了人們?yōu)樽非髸r(shí)尚而犧牲舒適與健康的危害。作者認(rèn)為一個(gè)人的價(jià)值不是由外貌決定的,而是取決于他是一個(gè)怎樣的人。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與自我”范疇中“生活與學(xué)習(xí)”這一主題群,涉及子主題“健康、文明的行為習(xí)慣與生活方式”。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句“Somepeoplebelievethattheyneedtobeacertainsizetolookgood.So,theystartextremediets...”可知,有些人為了看起來(lái)好看,所以采取極端的飲食方式。故選B。2.D推理判斷題。作者在每一段提出問(wèn)題的目的是引導(dǎo)讀者去思考,故選D。3.B詞義猜測(cè)題。第一段提出“It'smoreimportanttobehealthy.”,而畫(huà)線詞所在句以及前一句“So,let'srethinkwhat'sreallyimportant.Isitfashionorisitourwell-being?”與之呼應(yīng)。由此可推知,well-being意為“健康”,故選B。4.A篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知,作者在文章第一段引出“時(shí)尚與健康”的話(huà)題,并提出自己的觀點(diǎn),即健康比時(shí)尚重要。第二、三、四段分別從飲食、服裝、發(fā)型三個(gè)方面論證了人們?yōu)樽非髸r(shí)尚而犧牲舒適與健康的危害。第五段總結(jié)全文,再次闡明自己的觀點(diǎn):一個(gè)人的價(jià)值不是由外貌決定的,而是取決于他是一個(gè)怎樣的人。故選A。長(zhǎng)難句分析Someevenweartightclothesthatinfluencebloodcirculation,makingithardtobreathe.有些人甚至穿影響血液循環(huán)的緊身衣,使呼吸困難。本句為主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞tightclothes。makingithardtobreathe是動(dòng)詞的-ing形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。(2023杭州,D)Weallenjoybeingpartofagroup—there'snobetterworkthanteamwork,right?Actually,Idisagree.Teamworkcanbehard.Infact,itwassodifficultthatIleftmyofficejobandstartedworkingfromhomeonmyown.It'samuchbetterfitforme,andithasmademethinkaboutwhyteamworkcanmakeourjobsharderratherthaneasier.Personalities(個(gè)性)canmaketeamworkdifficult.There'softensomeoneontheteamthatputstheirneedsfirst.Theteamoftengoesalongwiththisperson,whoseideasmightnotbethebest,justtheloudest.Justonedifficultpersonalitycanmaketeamworkhard.Combine(結(jié)合)severalchallengingpersonalitytypes,andit'sevenharder.Nothavingenoughtimetogethercanalsomaketeamworkchallenging.Forexample,Iwasonceonateamwhereweneverhadenoughtimetomeetasagroup.Tosuccessfullyworkasateam,youneedtimetogether—andlotsofit.Afinalreasonteamworkisdifficultisbecausethere'softennotrainingonhowtoworkonateam.Youcan'tjustputpeopleinaroomandexpectthemtoworkwellwitheachother.Youneedtobuildtrustwithyourteammembers.Thinkoffootballplayers:Theyaren'tjustgivenaballandtoldtoplay.Theypractice,andtheytrain.Teamworkcanbehard,butworkingalonehasitschallenges,too.Whenmycomputerdoesn'twork,Idon'thaveanITpersontoturnto.WhenIhaveagreatidea,Idon'thaveanyonetoshareitwithtoseeifitreallyisagreatidea.Don'tgetmewrong—Istilllikemyteamofoneandenjoymakingalloftheimportantdecisionsmyself.ButnowIrealizewhatwaswrongwiththeteamworkIdidinthepastandhowgoodteamworkcouldbeifdonecorrectly.Andthat'susefulinformation—becauseonedayImightwanttoturnmyMETEAMintoaWETEAM.1.Whydidthewriterchoosetoworkfromhomeonhisown?A.Tokeephimselfbusier.B.Tokeephimselfhealthier.C.Tomakehisjobeasier.D.Tomakehisteamharder.2.Whichofthefollowingmakesteamworkdifficult?A.Strongpersonality.B.Lotsofteamworktime.C.Challengingideas.D.Clearteamroles.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.AWETEAMhashardlyanyadvantages.B.AMETEAMneedsalotofITengineers.C.AMETEAMhasnochallengesforthewriter.D.AWETEAMmaybethewriter'schoiceoneday.4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toshowtheadvantagesofteamwork.B.Totelltheimportanceofteamwork.C.Tointroducetheinfluenceofteamwork.D.Toexplainthedifficultiesofteamwork.答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章主要談?wù)搱F(tuán)隊(duì)合作中會(huì)遇到的一些困難,最后作者表達(dá)了對(duì)良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的向往。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與社會(huì)”范疇中的“社會(huì)服務(wù)與人際溝通”主題群,涉及“交流與合作,團(tuán)隊(duì)精神”子主題內(nèi)容。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第四句“Infact,itwassodifficultthatIleftmyofficejobandstartedworkingfromhomeonmyown.”可知,作者選擇在家獨(dú)自工作是為了使工作更容易。故選C。2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句“Personalitiescanmaketeamworkdifficult.”可知,很強(qiáng)勢(shì)的個(gè)性會(huì)使團(tuán)隊(duì)合作困難。故選A。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一句中“onedayImightwanttoturnmyMETEAMintoaWETEAM”可知,也許有一天,WETEAM會(huì)成為作者的選擇。故選D。4.D寫(xiě)作目的題。本文第一段作者首先講述了自己在團(tuán)隊(duì)合作中遇到困難后選擇在家工作的經(jīng)歷,接著第二、三、四段介紹了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作難的原因。所以說(shuō)明團(tuán)隊(duì)合作中的困難是作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的。故選D。長(zhǎng)難句分析It'samuchbetterfitforme,andithasmademethinkaboutwhyteamworkcanmakeourjobsharderratherthaneasier.它更適合我,它讓我思考為什么團(tuán)隊(duì)合作會(huì)讓我們的工作更難而不是更容易。本句為由and連接的并列復(fù)合句。and前為簡(jiǎn)單句,and后為主從復(fù)合句,包含why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。（2023麗水）Therewereonly15minutesuntillunch.ButeveryoneinMrs.Stretch’smathclasswaswaitingexcitedlyforthestartofAroundtheWorld.AroundtheWorldwasEddie’sfavoriteclassroomgame.Helovedracingagainstaclassmatetosolveamathproblem.Eddiewonandlost.ButhisfriendMichaelneverlost.Hewasthechampion（冠軍）ofAroundtheWorld.Everyweekhewouldgoaroundtheclassroomwinningagainsteveryone.“Areweallready?”MrsStretchasked.Everyonenodded.“Thenlet’sbegin,”saidMrs.Stretch.“Talia,youstart.”Taliawasnewtotheclass.Thiswouldbeherfirsttimeplaying.ShejumpedupandwentovertoEddie’sdesk.Eddiestoodup,too.“Twelvetimestwo,”saidMrs.Stretch.“Twenty-four!”Taliacalledout,asecondbeforeEddiecould.Eddiesatdown,disappointedbutstillhappytoknowtherightanswer.Taliamovedontochallengethenextclassmate.Sheseemedunstoppable.Finally,TaliagottoMichael.“Eighttimestwelve,”Mrs.Stretchsaid.“Ninety-six!”shoutedTaliafirst.Theclasssatshocked,theneveryonecheeredforTalia,today’schampion.“Nicejob,Talia,”saidMrs.Stretch.“It’stimeforlunch,everyone.Nowlineup,please.”Eddiestoodtogotolunch.HenoticedMichaelhadhisheaddownonhisdesk,hisfaceburiedinhisarms.EddiewalkedtoMichaelandputhishandonhisshoulder.“It'sOKtolose,”Eddiesaid.“IloseAroundtheWorldallthetime.You’restillgreatatmultiplication.”“That’snotwhyI’mupset,”Michaelsaidintohisarms.“Noonelikesme.TheycheeredwhenIlost.”“Youthinktheycheeredagainstyou?”Eddieasked.“▲”Michaelsaid.“Ithinktheycheeredbecausetheyweretoosurprised,”Eddiesaid.“You’rethechamp.Taliahadtodoherbesttobeatyou.So,peoplewereexcitedaboutit.”“Sheisreallygoodatmath,”Michaelagreed.“Andsoareyou,”saidEddie.“Youhelpusallworkharder.Becauseofyou,weprobablyhavethebestmathclassinthewholeschool.”“Thanks,”Michaelsaid.HesmiledatEddie,“Doyouwanttosittogetheratlunch?”“Sure,”saidEddie.“Youcanquizmeonmathproblemsandhelpmegetbetter.”Michaelstoodup.“Challengeaccepted!”1.WhatisAroundtheWorld?A.Amathchallenge. B.Arunningrace.C.Acomputergame. D.Awritingcompetition.2.Whatcanweknowaboutthecharactersinthestory?A.Taliawasreallygoodatmath.B.Mrs.Stretchlikedthechampionbest.C.Eddiecaredalotaboutwhetherhewonorlost.D.Michaelwashard-workingbutseldomhelpedothers.3.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsentencetofillin▲inParagraph18?A.Whatelse? B.Whyelse? C.Whoelse? D.Whereelse?4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexpressthemessage（啟示）ofthestory?A.Onceachampion,alwaysachampion.B.Tobeagoodloseristolearnhowtowin.C.Theonlywaytogrowistochallengeyourself.D.Neverforgetfailureisjustanevent,notaperson.【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.D【解析】本文講述了邁克爾在“環(huán)球世界”這個(gè)游戲中一直是冠軍，有一天卻被新來(lái)的一位同學(xué)打敗，邁克爾感到很失落，他的朋友埃迪安慰他說(shuō)輸贏并不重要，不要因?yàn)槭《穸ㄗ约涸?jīng)的成績(jī)。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“AroundtheWorldwasEddie'sfavoriteclassroomgame.Helovedracingagainstaclassmatetosolveamathproblem.”可知，環(huán)球世界是數(shù)學(xué)游戲，故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theclasssatshocked,theneveryonecheeredforTalia,today’schampion.”可知，塔里亞的數(shù)學(xué)真的很好，故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ithinktheycheeredbecausetheyweretoosurprised,”可知，此處是問(wèn)原因的，故選B。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Becauseofyou,weprobablyhavethebestmathclassinthewholeschool.”可知，文章告訴我們失敗只是一件事們不要因?yàn)槭《穸ㄗ约涸?jīng)的成就，選項(xiàng)D“永遠(yuǎn)不要忘記失敗只是一件事，而不是一個(gè)人。”符合題意，故選D。（2024衢州）①Onemorning,Igotupearlyanddecidedtomakeanapplepieformymum.Icalledmygrandmaforhelp,followedaTVprogramtomakejamandwaitedexcitedly.IenjoyedeverystepsomuchthatIdidn’tnoticethreehourspassby.Althoughthepielookedterribleandwasnotthatdelicious,Mumateitupandtoldmeitwasthebestpiethatshehadeverhad.Forthefirsttime,IrealisedthatalthoughIdidn’tmakethepiesuccessfully,Ireallyenjoyedtheprocess(過(guò)程).②Theprocessisimportantbecauseitbringsussomethingbiggerthantheresultitself.Thatis,wealwayshavenewexperiencesduringtheprocess,whichmayhelpusimproveourskillsorformgoodrelationshipswithothers.Ifwejustconcentrateontheresultanddonotenjoytheprocess,wewillbemorelikelytofeeldisappointedandwanttogiveup.Asaresult,wewillneverunderstandtherealmeaningofsuccess.③Butinthisbusyworld,weseealotofsuccessfulpeopleareincompetition.Howcanweenjoytheprocess?Well,thequestionhastheanswerinitself.④Don’talwayscompareyourselfwithothers.Firstofall,wearealldifferent.Andsuccessmeansdifferentthingstous.Forsome,successmeansbeingfamous,whileforothers,itmaybehealthorpower.Rideyourownride.⑤Slowdown.Youneedtostopexpectingimmediateresultsinwhatyoudoandlearntobepatient.Impatienceleadstounhappiness.Doitslowly,butneverstop.⑥Reward(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))yourself.Dividetheprocessintosmallsteps,andgiveyourselfarewardaftercompletingeachofthem.Rewardingyourselfforsmallwinscangoalongway.Forexample,ifyouareintheprocessoflosingweight,enjoyyourfavouritecakeonceinawhile.1.Howdoesthewriterstartthearticle?A.Bygivinganexample B.Bycomparingfacts.C.Byusingoldsayings. D.Bylistingnumbers.2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“concentrateon”meaninParagraph2?A.Makeup. B.Getreadyfor.C.Pointout. D.Payattentionto.3.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthetext?A. B. C. D.4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Enjoytheprocess B.Whatdoessuccessmeantous?C.Nevergiveup D.Howcanweachievegoodresults?【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.A【解析】本文主要是作者通過(guò)講述自己做蘋(píng)果派的經(jīng)歷告訴我們，做任何事情不要看重結(jié)果，要享受這個(gè)過(guò)程，并就如何享受過(guò)程提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者是通過(guò)結(jié)合自身做蘋(píng)果派的例子來(lái)引出本文主題，故選A。2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Ifwejustconcentrateontheresultanddonotenjoytheprocess,wewillbemorelikelytofeeldisappointedandwanttogiveup.”可知，如果只關(guān)注結(jié)果而不享受過(guò)程，更有可能感到失望，想要放棄，所以劃線單詞表示“關(guān)注”，與“Payattentionto”詞義接近，故選D。3.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段作者講述了自己做蘋(píng)果派的經(jīng)歷；第二段講述了自己的感悟；第三段引出問(wèn)題“如何享受過(guò)程”，第四段到第六段提出建議，C項(xiàng)符合文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。4.最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要是作者通過(guò)講述自己做蘋(píng)果派經(jīng)歷告訴我們，做任何事情不要看重結(jié)果，要享受這個(gè)過(guò)程，并就如何享受過(guò)程提出了幾點(diǎn)建議，文章整體以“享受過(guò)程”為線索展開(kāi)介紹，所以最適合本文的標(biāo)題是：享受過(guò)程，故選A。(2022紹興,C)“IwishIhadstraighthair”;“I'dliketobetaller”.Attimes,weallwanttolookabitmorelikesomeoneelse.However,thepicturesweseeonTVandsocialmediacangiveusimproperideasabouthowourbodies“should”look.Thetruthisthateverybodyisdifferent—andthat'sagoodthing.Acceptingandfeelinggoodaboutourbodiesisreallyimportantforourself-confidence(自信).Bodyconfidenceiswhensomeoneacceptsandbehaveskindlytowardstheirbody.Thatincludesoursizeandshape,skincolor,appearanceandanyphysicaldisabilities.JadeParnellfromtheCentreforAppearanceResearch(CAR),saysthathavingbodyconfidenceis“aboutbeingacceptingofyourbodyandwhatitdoesforyou”.Ifyoufeelpositive(積極的)aboutyourbody,youaremorelikelytotakecareofit.Researchhasevenshownthatyouaremorelikelytotakepartinactivitiesandperformwellinschool.However,feelingagitatedaboutyourbodycouldmakeyoustepback,dolesswellatschoolandevenfeeldown.Parnellsaysthatthecostoftryingtoachievethe“perfect”appearanceishigh.Shesays,“Ifyou'respendingalotoftimetryingtolookacertainway,youwillhavelesstimetospendwithfriendsandtomakeimportantmemories.”It'simportanttorememberthateverybodyisdifferent.Todevelopapositivebodyimage,Parnellsays,“Trytotalkpositivelyaboutyourownbodyandotherpeople'sbodies.Trynottopaytoomuchattentiontoappearance.Instead,thinkaboutwhatyourbodydoesforyou;doyourlegsmakeyourunreallyfast?”Shealsosuggeststreatingyourbodywellbyeatingdifferentkindsoffoods,exercisingtofeelgoodandtohavefun,andgettingplentyofsleep.Rememberthatyouaremorethanhowyoulook.1.ThewriterthinksthatthepicturesonTVandsocialmedia.

A.areperfectforpeopletofollowB.mayspreadwrongideasoflooksC.implyeveryoneisdifferentD.showpeoplehowtobehavekindly2.Theunderlinedword“agitated”probablymeans“”.

A.scaredB.seriousC.carelessD.worried3.Parnellwillagreethatyoushould.

A.acceptyourbodyasitisB.avoidtalkingaboutothers'bodiesC.spendmoremoneyonyourappearanceD.rememberwhatyouusedtobelike4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragereaderstotakemoreexercise.B.Toremindreadersnottoeattoomuchfood.C.Toleadreaderstobuildupbodyconfidence.D.Toadvisereaderstotreattheirfriendswell.答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了我們要積極地看待自己的身體外貌,要有自信。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與自我”范疇中的“做人與做事”主題群,涉及“自我認(rèn)識(shí),自我管理,自我提升”子主題內(nèi)容。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,thepicturesweseeonTVandsocialmediacangiveusimproperideasabouthowourbodies‘should’look.”可知,電視和社交媒體上的圖片可能會(huì)給我們傳遞錯(cuò)誤的外貌觀念。故選B。2.D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前面的However可知,這里和前兩句意思相反,前面說(shuō)feelpositive就表現(xiàn)得好,所以這里的意思應(yīng)該是和positive相對(duì),故此處畫(huà)線部分意為“焦慮的;煩惱的”。故選D。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“JadeParnell...saysthathavingbodyconfidenceis‘a(chǎn)boutbeingacceptingofyourbodyandwhatitdoesforyou’.”可知,Parnell認(rèn)為要接受自己的身體原本的樣子。故選A。4.C寫(xiě)作目的題。本文主要講我們要積極地看待自己的身體,要建立身體自信。故選C。(2022舟山,D)WhenLeonMartinaskedforhisparents'adviceonhowtobecomeaUXdesigner(設(shè)計(jì)師),theybothwentsilent.“Infact,Ihadnoideawhathewastalkingabout,”saidAnne,hismother.“Ididn'tknowwhetherhewastalkingaboutdesigningclothes,computerprogramsorafancybrandofbike.”Evenwhenher18-year-oldsonexplainedthatitwassomethingabout“behindthescenes”onlinedesign,hismotherwasstillabitlost.“IfeltlikeIhadtotallyfailedasaparent,”shesaid.“Myjobasaparentistoopendoorssomychildrencanachievetheirpotential(潛力),buthowcanIdothatwhenIdon'tevenunderstandwhattheirdreamsare?”▲Researchhasfoundthatmorethan2/3ofparentsinEnglandarenowfacingtheproblemthat,whentheirchildrenexpressinterestinneweducationandjobchoices,theymayknownothingaboutthem.Morethan75%ofparentsfeelitisalmostimpossibletooffertheirchildrengoodadviceinsuchafast-changingjobmarket.

MichelleReadidasurveyofover2,000parentsofsecondaryschoolstudentsinEngland.Shefoundthatmanyparentswereafraidtheirchildrenwouldjuststoptalkingabouttheircareer(職業(yè))plansathome,simplybecausetheirmumanddadcouldhardlyfollowthem.“Weallknowthatparents'opinionsandsuggestionsplaya