Unit2ExploringEnglishUsinglanguage課件高中英語

Unit2ExploringEnglishUsinglanguageLearningobjectives

Toreviewsomeusualwordformations.TounderstanddifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishinspellingandvocabulary.TounderstandsomeunfamiliarEnglishexpressionsandenablestudentstousetheseEnglishexpressionsinpropersituation.Wordformationpine+apple=pineappleReview:Wordformation01WordformationNeitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple....sculptasculpture...Whenwe...seerain...,wecansay“it'sraining”...

WHOMatchthewordsinboldtothetypesofwordformation.Page17abbreviatingchangingthepartofspeechaddingaprefixorsuffixcombiningtwoormorewordsabcdn.v.WorldHealthOrganizationWordformationTechnicaltermsderivation派生法compounding合成法conversion轉(zhuǎn)化法abbreviation縮寫Wordformation1.derivation派生法Wordformation1.derivation派生法...sculptasculpture...在詞根上加前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成新詞。前綴和后綴有一定的含義或功能，有助于推測(cè)新詞的詞義。sculpturen.sculptv.詞根：

sculp=tocarve雕刻后綴：

-ure=構(gòu)成抽象名詞Wordformation1.derivation派生法...sculptasculpture...在詞根上加前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成新詞。前綴和后綴有一定的含義或功能，有助于推測(cè)新詞的詞義。

disagree,impossible,misunderstand...表示否定：un-,im-,in-,mis-,non-,dis-...

supermarket,microscope,macroeconomic...表示程度、大?。簊uper-,over-,micro-,macro-...

ex-wife,preschool,retell,midnight,international...

其他：ex-,pre-,re-,mid-,inter-,trans-......前綴：Wordformation1.derivation派生法...sculptasculpture...在詞根上加前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成新詞。前綴和后綴有一定的含義或功能，有助于推測(cè)新詞的詞義。后綴：teacher,interviewee,artist,musician,actress...carefulness,truth,development,friendship,relation...表示個(gè)體名詞的后綴：-er,-or,-ee,-an,-ist,-ian,-an,-ess...表示抽象名詞的后綴：-ness,-ment,-ure,-ship,-tion,-th,-ance...a.名詞后綴Wordformation1.derivation派生法...sculptasculpture...在詞根上加前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成新詞。前綴和后綴有一定的含義或功能，有助于推測(cè)新詞的詞義。后綴：beautify,modernize,lengthen,originate...-ify,-en,-ize,-ate...b.動(dòng)詞后綴Wordformation1.derivation派生法...sculptasculpture...在詞根上加前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成新詞。前綴和后綴有一定的含義或功能，有助于推測(cè)新詞的詞義。后綴：comfortable,useful,nervous,

natural,

physical,active...-able,-al,-ful,-less,-ous,-ic,-ical,-ish,-ive,-en,-y,-ed...c.形容詞后綴Wordformation1.derivation派生法...sculptasculpture...在詞根上加前綴或后綴，構(gòu)成新詞。前綴和后綴有一定的含義或功能，有助于推測(cè)新詞的詞義。后綴：carefully,quickly,backward(s)...-ly,-ward(s)...d.副詞后綴WordformationWordformationCanyoufindmoreexamplesinthereadingpassage?paint-paintinghard-hardlysoft-softlyharm-harmless/harmfulshame-shameless/shamefulvisible-invisibleWordformation2.compounding

合成法Neitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.

把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的獨(dú)立且語義不同的單詞組合成一個(gè)新詞，構(gòu)詞方式較靈活。合成詞的詞義通?？梢杂山M成它的單詞的詞義推測(cè)出來。handbook______rainfall______outbreak_______babysit_______undergo______blacklist_______well-known_____good-looking______heartfelt_______overnight______upstairs_______Guessthepartsofspeechandmeaningsofthefollowingwords手冊(cè)，指南降雨；降雨量爆發(fā)，發(fā)作保姆，臨時(shí)照看嬰孩經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受黑名單，將……列入黑名單著名的好看的衷心的，真誠(chéng)的一夜之間在樓上Wordformation合成名詞1.Thedomesticatedsilkwormisnolongerfoundinthewild.2.Shewasoffsomewhereatdaybreakthismorning.3.Awomantookdownhistalksinshorthand.4.Anewspaperstoryledtohisdownfall.5.TheyfeellikeI’masortofgo-between.合成名詞數(shù)量較大，主要構(gòu)成方式有：名詞+名詞；名詞+動(dòng)詞；形容詞+名詞；副詞+動(dòng)詞等。Wordformation合成形容詞1.Ofcoursehealthyeatingdoesn’thavetobetime-consumingordifficult.2.Thegovernment’soverridingconcernistoreduceinflation.3.Becausehe’ssonear-sightedhedoesn’thavealicense.4.Weareinaharshwaragainstacruelandbloodthirstyenermy.合成名詞數(shù)量較大，主要構(gòu)成方式有：名詞+動(dòng)詞ing；名詞+形容詞；形容詞+動(dòng)詞ing；形容詞+動(dòng)詞ed；副詞+動(dòng)詞ing；副詞+動(dòng)詞edWordformation合成動(dòng)詞1.Isleepwalkaroundfivetimesaweek--sometimeseverynight.2.She’soutdonealltheothers.3.Theyareheretosafeguardthecease-fire.合成動(dòng)詞的主要構(gòu)成方式有：名詞+動(dòng)詞；形容詞+動(dòng)詞；副詞+動(dòng)詞。Wordformation2.compounding

合成法Neitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.

把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的獨(dú)立且語義不同的單詞組合成一個(gè)新詞，構(gòu)詞方式較靈活。合成詞的詞義通?？梢杂山M成它的單詞的詞義推測(cè)出來。合成名詞news+paper=newspaperhair+cut=haircutb.合成動(dòng)詞baby+sit=babysitover+look=overlookc.合成形容詞heart+felt=heartfeltkind+hearted=kind-heartedd.其他合成詞every+one=everyonethrough+out=throughoutWordformationCanyoufindmoreexamplesinthereadingpassage?hamburgereggplantseasickairsickcarsickhomesickhomeworkhouseworkWordformation3.conversion轉(zhuǎn)化法Whenwe...seerain...,wecansay“it'sraining”...把一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性，詞形不變。轉(zhuǎn)化后的詞義可以通過原詞義推斷出來。Shegavemeaglassofwater.Youshouldwatertheflowerstwiceaweek.a.名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞Wordformation3.conversion轉(zhuǎn)化法Whenwe...seerain...,wecansay“it'sraining”...把一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性，詞形不變。轉(zhuǎn)化后的詞義可以通過原詞義推斷出來。b.

動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

Let'stalkaboutit.Ithinkwe'dbetterfinishthetalknow.Wordformation3.conversion轉(zhuǎn)化法Whenwe...seerain...,wecansay“it'sraining”...把一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性，詞形不變。轉(zhuǎn)化后的詞義可以通過原詞義推斷出來。Sheiswearingablackdress.Thegirlinblackisverybeautiful.

c.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞Wordformation3.conversion轉(zhuǎn)化法Whenwe...seerain...,wecansay“it'sraining”...把一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性，詞形不變。轉(zhuǎn)化后的詞義可以通過原詞義推斷出來。Tomisabraveman.Healwaysbravesthedifficultiesinlife.

d.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞WordformationCanyoufindmoreexamplesinthereadingpassage?Whenwe...see...snow,wecansay...“it'ssnowing”.Wordformation4.abbreviation縮寫

WHOWorldHealthOrganization用單詞或短語的部分內(nèi)容指代整體。Abbreviationinvolvesshorteningaword.Wedothisinthreemainways:clippingacronym/initialismblendingBCAWeuseclippingwhenweshortenor‘clip’oneormoresyllablesfromaword.Meetclipping!MeetacronymsAcronymsareformedwhentheinitiallettersoftwoormorewordsarecombinedinawaythattheyarenormallypronouncedaswords:ASAP:assoonaspossibleScuba:Self-containedUnderwaterBreathingApparatusUNESCO:UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,CulturalOrganizationMeetacronymsSomeacronyms,however,usethefirstsyllablesandnon-initiallettersinstead.forexample,Radar-RadioDetectingandRangingInterpol-InternationalCriminalPoliceOrganizationlikeanacronym,aninitialismisalsoasubcategoryofabbreviationwherethefirstlettersofthewordsinaphrasearecombinedtocreateanewandshorterterm.However,thenewtermsareunpronounceableandreadletterbyletter.DVR:DigitalVideoRecorderUSB:UniversalSerialBusNYC:NewYorkCityMeetinitialism!Meetblending!Weformblendswhenwecombinepartsofexistingwordstoformanewword:blog:blendofwebandlogmotel:blendofmotorandhotelWordformationCanyoufindmoreexamplesinthereadingpassage?IT-informationtechnologyUS-UnitedStatesWordformationWorkingroups.Comeupwithasmanywordsaspossible.

abbreviatingchangingthepartofspeechaddingaprefixorsuffixcombiningtwoormorewordsWordformationCompletethepassagewiththehelpofwordformation.P17penfriendwell-knownWordformationalittle/abit/alittlebit1.alittle/abit作程度副詞修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或比較級(jí)

可以互換Eg.Ithinktheseboxesareabit/alittleheavy.Hewalkedabit/alittleslowly.Thespeakerspokeupabit/alittlesoastomakehimselfheardmoreclearly.He’sfeelingabit/alittlebetter.2.alittle用于不可數(shù)名詞前做定語abitof

用于不可數(shù)名詞前Eg.Hemayneedalittlehelp.Hemayneedabitofhelp.Wordformationalittle/abit/alittlebit3.alittle/abit在否定句中意思不同notabit一點(diǎn)也不（=notatall）Heisnotabitworried.notalittle很，非常（=very）Heisnotalittleangry.4.abit和alittlebit用法相同Eg.Jackisalittlebitselfish.WordformationCompletethepassagewiththehelpofwordformation.incorrectunhappyimprovementWordformationCompletethepassagewiththehelpofwordformation.calmpresentingWTOASAPAmericanandBritishEnglish02AmericanandBritishEnglishAmericanandBritishEnglishAmericanandBritishEnglish含義地鐵subwayunderground高速公路highwaymotorway汽油gaspetrol公寓apartmentflat電梯elevatorliftVocabulary美式英語英式英語AmericanandBritishEnglish含義餅干cookiebiscuit假期vacationholiday出租車taxicab大學(xué)collegeuniversity足球soccerfootball電影moviefilmVocabulary美式英語英式英語AmericanandBritishEnglish含義美式英語英式英語劇院theatertheatre米metermetre行為behaviorbehaviour顏色colorcolour組織organizeorganise旅行(過去式)traveledtravelledSpellingAmericanandBritishEnglish2.同詞異義：相同詞既出現(xiàn)在美國(guó)英語中，也出現(xiàn)在英國(guó)英語中，但分別表示完全不同的概念。例如：

例詞BEAEbiscuit蘇打餅干軟餅billion萬億十億overall緊身褲工裝褲3.同義異詞：英國(guó)英語和美國(guó)英語分別用不同的詞來表示同一概念。舉例來說：BEAE詞義liftelevator電梯tincan罐頭tapfaucet水龍頭sweetscandy糖果AmericanandBritishEnglishtheatretheaterAmericanandBritishEnglishgashighwaypetrolmotorwayelevatorliftsubwayundergroundapartmentflatAmericanandBritishEnglishIntroducingthemainidea:AEandBEhavedifferencesShowingexamples:

differentwordselectionfordailysamethingsSummarymaking:seekcommongrounddespitedifferencesUnfamiliarEnglishexpressions03UnfamiliarEnglishexpressionsselfie:

aphotographthatyoutakeofyourself,usuallywithamobilephonenetizen:acitizenwhousestheInternetBRBberightbackCOZ

becauseG2GgotogoUnfamiliarEnglishexpressions123UnfamiliarEnglishexpressionsC