Weleunitdiscoveringusefulstructures語法句子成分及句子結(jié)構(gòu)課件高中英語人教版

DiscoveringUsefulStructure句子成分及句子結(jié)構(gòu)Part1Whatmakesasentence?句子成分主語S(subject)

謂語V(verb)表語P(predicative)賓語O(object)定語(attribute)狀語A(adverbial)賓補(bǔ)C(objectcomplement)Wemadehimourmonitoryesterday.Sallyisahard-workinggirl.

句子成分是什么？包括什么？主謂賓表定補(bǔ)狀句子成分=組成句子的各個(gè)成分。Hi!Hi!Imake

new

friendshere!Imakenewfriendshere.Canyouanalysethestructureofthissentence?主語謂語動(dòng)詞賓語Iloveyou.Youloveme.loveiseverything.Swimmingisgoodforourhealth.句子的主角，動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，可以是人，可以是物品S:主語找出主語：主語一般位于句子的

，動(dòng)詞的

。一句話里

（能/不能）沒有主語。句首

前面

不能主語是謂語所表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的執(zhí)行者，是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體。名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式（短語）、動(dòng)名詞（短語）或從句等都可作主語。名詞Theappleisred.

這個(gè)蘋果是紅色的。代詞Nobodycanhelpyoubutyourself.只有你自己才能幫助你。數(shù)詞Fourandfivemakesnine.四加五等于九。名詞化的形容詞Thesickandtheoldneedourhelp.病人和老人需要我們的幫助。不定式（短語）Tobecomeanurseismywish.成為一名護(hù)士是我的心愿。動(dòng)名詞（短語）Runningisgoodforhealth.跑步有益于健康。從句Thatheforgottotellmethetimeforthemeetingcausedlotsoftrouble.他忘了告訴我會(huì)議的時(shí)間帶來了很多麻煩。S主語Subject用來描述主語的動(dòng)作，狀態(tài)謂語通常是動(dòng)詞。V:謂語找出謂語：Iloveyou.loveiseverything.Swimmingisgoodforourhealth.Ilikeswimmimg.謂語一般位于主語的

。一句話里

（能/不能）沒有謂語。謂語通常是

或

。后面不能動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞短語1.Idon'tlikethisdirtyroom.

A.don'tlikeB.thisC.dirtyD.room2.Ifoundmyclassmateskindandfriendly.

A.foundB.classmatesC.kindD.friendly3.Therewillbealecturetomorrow.A.willbeB.thereC.lecture

D.tomorrow

找出謂語

Iloveyou.Theysenttheboytohospital.Ienjoyedlearning.Hedidnotwanttoleave.

是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者位置：位于及物動(dòng)詞之后/介詞之后（介賓、動(dòng)賓）怎么判斷賓語？在介詞的

，在動(dòng)詞的

。后面

后面O：賓語找出賓語：賓語表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。可以用作賓語的有名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)、從句等。O賓語Object名詞Weloveourmotherland.

我們愛我們的祖國(guó)。代詞Wheredidyoubuythat?你在哪兒買的那個(gè)東西？數(shù)詞Ifyouput5and7together,you’llget12.如果你把5和7加起來，就會(huì)得到12。Isentyouaflower.Yougavemearing.

直接賓語（DO）和間接賓語（IO）找出直接賓語和間接賓語：雙賓：人是間接賓語，物是直接賓語人間物直Readthefollowingsentences

Thesunwasshining.

Themoonrose.

Theuniverseremains.

Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.

Who

cares?

Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.

Thepenwritessmoothly.主謂(SV)簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型

Whoknows

theanswer?

Shesmiled

herthanks.

Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.

Heenjoys

reading.

Theyate

whatwasleftover.

Hesaid

“Goodmorning”.

Iwant

tohaveacupoftea.

Headmitted

thathewasmistaken.2.主謂賓(SVO)簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型1.She

orderedherself

anewdress.2.Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.3.Hebroughtyou

adictionary.4.Hedeniesher

nothing.5.Ishowedhimmypictures.6.Igavemycarawash.7.Itold

him

thatthebuswaslate.8.Heshowed

me

howtorunthemachine.4.主謂雙賓(SVIODO)簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型三個(gè)基本句型：句型一：主＋謂句型二：主＋謂＋賓句型三：主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓1.Shecomes.2.Iloveher!3.Igaveheraflower.主語謂語主語謂語賓語主語謂語直接賓語間接賓語練一練翻譯：1.主＋謂：

老師進(jìn)來了。2.主＋謂＋賓：

老師看到小明。3.主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓：

老師給他一個(gè)懲罰（punishment）

1.位于系動(dòng)詞之后,2.主語的“表現(xiàn)”說明主語“是什么”,“怎么樣”什么是系動(dòng)詞：P：表語

1.Sheisbeautiful.2.Hervoicesoundsgreat!3.Shestayedhealthy.4.Ibecomefat.

1.位于系動(dòng)詞之后,2.主語的“表現(xiàn)”說明主語“是什么”,“怎么樣”什么是系動(dòng)詞：P：表語

1)be動(dòng)詞：be(am,is,are)

2)感官動(dòng)詞:3)表變化的動(dòng)詞:4)表持續(xù)的動(dòng)詞：

眼睛看look,

鼻子聞smell,嘴巴嘗taste,耳朵聽soundbecome,get,turn,go,grow

keep,stay名詞Pollutionfromcarshasbecomeamajorproblem.

來自汽車的污染已成了一個(gè)主要問題。代詞Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.七十四啦！你看起來不像。數(shù)詞Angelawasthefirsttoleave.安吉拉是第一個(gè)走的。形容詞Pleasefeelfreetosaywhatyoureallythink.請(qǐng)隨便談?wù)勀愕恼鎸?shí)想法吧。動(dòng)名詞（短語）Wastingtimeiskillingyourself.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間就是自殺。說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征、身份或狀態(tài),與連系動(dòng)詞be,look,seem,appear,feel,taste,smell,sound,become,get,grow,turn,remain,keep,stay等一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。表語通常由名詞(短語)代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)、分(短語)或從句等充當(dāng)。P表語PredicativeMymotherisateacher.Iwanttokeephealthy.Themusicsoundsgreat.

Theleavesturngreeninspring.

找出表語

怎么判斷表語？通常在在

的后面

。系動(dòng)詞

Thisis

anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

Thedinnersmells

good.

Hefell

inlove.

Everythinglooks

different.

Heisgrowingtallandstrong.

Thetroubleis

thattheyareshortofmoney.

Ourwellhasgonedry.

Hisfaceturned

red.3.主系表(SP)簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型第四個(gè)基本句型：句型四：

主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語1.Sheisbeautiful.2.Shelooksbeautiful.3.Istayedhealthy.練一練翻譯：主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語1.這個(gè)男孩很帥。2.樹葉變綠了。主語系動(dòng)詞表語

五種簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型1.Shecomes.2.Sheisbeautiful.3.shegivesmeasmile.4.shemakesmehappy.5.Iloveher.主語謂語主語系動(dòng)詞表語主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語主語謂語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語主語謂語賓語句型一：主＋謂句型二：主＋系＋表句型三：主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓句型四：主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)句型五：主＋謂＋賓IsawmystudentCaiGuangruidancing

intheroomandhewashappy.說出下列句子的句子成分：主謂賓語主系表C賓補(bǔ)：補(bǔ)充說明賓語A：狀語表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、條件等狀語是用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或句子的一種成分。它可以表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步或比較等。通常由副詞、介詞短語、不定式(短語)、分詞(短語)、形容詞、名詞(短語)、從句等充當(dāng)。Adv狀語Adverbial副詞TomspeaksEnglishveryfast.

湯姆英語說得很快。介詞短語ThemeetingisgoingtobeheldinRoom321tomorrowmorning.會(huì)議將于明天上午321房間舉行。不定式（短語）Iwenttheretoseemygrandmother.我到那里去看我奶奶。分詞（短語）Arrivingthere,callmeup.到了那里，給我打個(gè)電話。形容詞（短語）Hereturnedhome,safeandsound.他安然無恙地回家了。從句We’llgowherepeopleneedus.我們要去人民需要我們的地方。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Timepermitting,we’lltakeabreak.如果時(shí)間允許的話，我們就休息會(huì)兒。

He

runs

everymorning.

Theywereswimminginthesea.

Aliceshouldstudyhard.

Alice

swims

verywell.

Greatprogresshasbeenmadeinthepasttenyears.

He

talkedtoomuch.6.主謂狀(SVA)簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型

Ibought

abookyesterday.

Shelikes

dancingverymuch.

Ihadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.7.主謂賓狀(SVOA)簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型賓語補(bǔ)足語是用來說明賓語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等的一種句子成分。賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語構(gòu)成了復(fù)合賓語，它們?cè)谶壿嬌嫌兄髦^關(guān)系。名詞(短語)、形容詞(短語)、副詞、介詞短語、不定式(短語)、分詞(短語)等皆可作補(bǔ)足語。C賓語補(bǔ)足語ObjectComplement形容詞Ifoundthebookveryinteresting.

我覺得這本書很有意思。分詞（短語）Hemadehimselfknowntothemfirst.他先向他們作了自我介紹。不定式（短語）Sheaskedmetolendherahand.她請(qǐng)我?guī)退话选?.主謂賓+賓補(bǔ)(SVOC)簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型

They

appointedhim

manager.

They

painted

the

doorgreen.

Thissetthem

thinking.

Theyfoundthehousedeserted.

Whatmakes

him

thinkso?

We

saw

him

out.

He

asked

metocomebacksoon.

Isaw

themgettingonthebus.

八種簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型總結(jié)1.Shecomes.2.Sheisbeautiful.3.shegivesmeasmile.4.shemakesmehappy.5.Iloveher.主語謂語主語系動(dòng)詞表語主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語主語謂語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語主語謂語賓語句型一：主＋謂句型二：主＋系＋表句型三：主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓句型四：主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)句型五：主＋謂＋賓6.Iliveinthecountryside.7.Isawadoginthepark.8.Therearemanydogs.主語謂語狀語（表示地點(diǎn))therebe句型：表示“有”主語謂語賓語狀語（表示地點(diǎn))

Therearethreepeopleinmyuncle’sfamily.

Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.

Thereisn’taboyintheroom.

Therearen’tanybooksonthedesk.

There’salottoexploreatseniorhigh.

There’saboysittingunderthetree.8.Therebe…簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型TherewillbeanEnglishtestnextMonday.Thereisgoingtobeameetingtonight.Therehasbeenabigtreeonthetopofthehill.Therehappenedtobesomemoneyinmypocket.Thereusedtobeachurchacrossfromthebank.Thereseemstobemoreandmorethingsforustoknowandstudy.Therebe句型中be的變體

Thereappears(tobe)somethingwrongwithher.

Thereexisteddifferentopinionsonthisproblem.

Thereremainedjusttwenty-eightpounds.TherestandsanoldtempleatthetopofthehillTherelivedanoldmanatthefootofthemountain.寫出畫線部分在句中所作的成分1.Afterthelecture,pleaseexchangeviewswithyourpartner.2.Whenyouregisteryourinformation,don'tforgettofillinyourname,sex(maleorfemale),age,andnationality.3.WelookforwardtovisitingtheEiffelTowerdesignedbyafamousdesigner.4.Afterregistration,thefreshmenwereanxioustovisitthecampus.5.Johndoesn'tplantogotoseniorhighschoolaftergraduatingfromjuniorhighschool.狀語A謂語動(dòng)詞V謂語動(dòng)詞V表語P賓語OPracticemakesperfect！寫出畫線部分在句中所作的成分6.Thatguyfeltawkwardbecausehehadmadeabadimpressiononothers.7.Thecompanyorganisedaresearchteamtoexplorenewtechnologiesbydoingexperiments.8.Jackcouldn'tconcentrateonthelecturewhenhetooknotesonhisfashcards.9.Toachieveyourlearninggoal,youmustreviseyourlearningstrategy.表語P

主語S賓語O賓語OReadthesentencesandanalysethestructures.

Hesmiled.Imadeaplan.Sheiskind.Heshowedushispictures.Ifoundthebookinteresting.Herunsfast.Imetanoldfriendinthestreet.Thereisabigtree.主謂(SV)主謂賓

(SVO)主系表

(SP)主謂雙賓(SVIODO)主謂賓賓補(bǔ)(SVOC)主謂狀

(SVA)主謂賓狀(SVOA)存現(xiàn)句(Therebe…)簡(jiǎn)單句The100-year-oldschoolliesinthecentreofthecity.Wemustact.Themathshomeworklookseasy.Theteacherfoundthecl