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PAGEPAGE1專題03完形填空之爭論文爭論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表見解或提出主見的說理性文章。爭論文的目的不僅是客觀的說明事物,還力圖勸服讀者信任并接受某一觀點。中考中常見的爭論型完形填空分為兩種,一種是夾敘夾議型完形填空;另一種是純爭論型完形填空。Part1考情分析爭論文是中考完形填空中較難的一種文體,一般由三個要素組成:論點、論據(jù)、結論。要做好爭論文類的完形填空,最重要的是抓住作者的論點。不同的爭論文論點的提出方式往往不同,大體有以下三種狀況:(1)開宗明義地提出論點。有些爭論文在文章的一起先就提出論點,然后再通過詳細的論據(jù)去論證論點。有時候既有正面的論據(jù),也有反面的論據(jù)。最終總結全文。(2)導入式提出論點。有些爭論文會先敘述生活中的一件詳細的事情或描述生活中的現(xiàn)象,然后依據(jù)事情或現(xiàn)象所反映的問題提出自己的論點,最終用詳細的論據(jù)去論證自己的論點。(3)最終提出論點。在有些爭論文中,一起先作者僅僅是列舉生活中的現(xiàn)象,而不表明自己的觀點。文章通過對詳細現(xiàn)象的分析,自然得出一種結論,這種結論往往就是作者的論點。對于純爭論形式的完形填空,要在駕馭全文主旨的狀況下,找出每段的主旨句。找出了每段的主旨句也就把握了文章的脈絡,這樣理解文意就簡潔了。Part2解題思路1.首句制勝,論點明確把握首句,這樣就可以快速找到文章所要論證的觀點,進而理解全文的主旨大意。英語爭論文中絕大部分首句就是全文的論點,而且通常每段的首句就是主題句(topicsentence)。因此抓住每段的首句是特別重要的?!纠?】Howmanytimeshasthishappenedtoyou?You'retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk.Andsomeonetalkingortextingonacellphoneslowsyoudown,orworse,(75)_______you.Whatifwecouldputthesemultitaskers(一心二用的人)intotheirownlane,freeinguphalfofthesidewalkforpedestrians(行人)whoarepayingattention?That'stheideabehindthenewshowMindOverMasses.TheshowcreatedaseparatelaneonaWashington,DCsidewalkforthosewhowantedtolookattheirphones,whiletheotherlanewasfor(76)_______walkers.ItwaspartofabehaviorexperimentbytheNationalGeographicChannelintheUS.However,theexperimentdidn'treallywork(77)_______itcouldhavebecausealotofphoneusersdidn'tnoticethemarkingsatall."it'snosurprisewalkersdidn'tnoticethelanesbecausetheywere(78)_______lookingattheirphones,"saidYahooCheckingphonesonthegoisjustoneofafewannoyingthingsaboutmodernmobilephoneusage.Belowaresomephoneetiquettes(禮儀)tipsprovidedbytheGuardian.Youshouldreplytomessages.it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtimetoreply,yet(79)_______toupdatetheirstatuses(狀態(tài))ontheirsocialnetworkingsitesinthemeantime.Youshouldpickaniceringtone.Nooneappreciatesitwhenanannoyingringtonebreaksintowhatthey'redoing.Youshouldnotvisitsomeone'shomeandimmediatelyaskforWi-Fi.Doyouseriouslywanttoclimboverthebackofthecouch,grabtherouter(路由器),andreadtheWi-Fipasswordoffthebackofit?(80)_______gotoyourfriend'shome,drinkandeatwhatyourhostgivesyou,andchatfacetoface.75.A)runsawayB)runsoutofC)runsintoD)runsafter76.A)slowerB)quickerC)morecarefulD)morepatient77.A)aswellasB)assoonasC)asgoodasD)aslongas78.A)tooafraidB)toobusyC)toocarefulD)toodifficult79.A)failsB)succeedsC)managesD)enables80.A)InsteadB)InsteadofC)InadditionD)Inreturn【詳解】75.C考查短語.A)runsaway逃跑;B)runsoutof耗盡;C)runintosb撞到某人身上;D)runsafter追求,追逐.依據(jù)前句you'retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk.Andsomeonetalkingortextingonacellphoneslowsyoudown,orworse,你正試圖穿過擁擠的人行道.而在手機上閑聊或發(fā)短信會讓你慢下來.可知更糟糕的是,會撞到你身上.故選C.76.C考查形容詞.A)slower緩慢的;B)quicker快些的;C)morecareful更細致,更當心;D)morepatient更耐性.依據(jù)前句TheshowcreatedaseparatelaneonaWashington,DCsidewalkforthosewhowantedtolookattheirphones,這個節(jié)目為那些想看手機的人在華盛頓特區(qū)的人行道上開拓了一條獨立的車道.可知而另一條車道則是更當心的行人.故選C.77.A考查短語.a(chǎn)s…as表示同…一樣.依據(jù)前后句However,theexperimentdidn'treallywork…itcouldhavebecausealotofphoneusersdidn'tnoticethemarkingsatall.可知然而,這個試驗并沒有達到它所能達到的效果,因為很多手機用戶根本沒有留意到這些標記.a(chǎn)s…as表示同…一樣.結合本題應當用well修飾動詞work.意為這個試驗并沒有達到它所能達到的效果.故選A.78.B考查形容詞.A)tooafraid太膽怯 ;B)toobusy太忙;C)toocareful太細致;D)toodifficult太困難.依據(jù)前句"it'snosurprisewalkersdidn'tnoticethelanes步行者沒有留意到車道,這并不驚奇.可知因為他們忙著看手機.故選B.79.A考查動詞.A)fails失??;B)succeeds勝利;C)manages管理,經(jīng)營;D)enables使能夠.依據(jù)前句it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtimetoreply,可知給一個須要很長時間回復的摯友發(fā)短信是特別令人懊喪的,但同時也沒有在社交網(wǎng)站上更新他們的狀態(tài).故選A.80.A考查副詞.A)Instead代替,常位于句尾或句首,表示"代替"、"反而、卻"的意思;B)Insteadof代替,是短語介詞,意思是"代替"、"而不是".它后面一般接名詞、代詞、動名詞或介詞短語作它的賓語;C)Inaddition另外;D)Inreturn回報.依據(jù)前句Doyouseriouslywanttoclimboverthebackofthecouch,grabtherouter(路由器),andreadtheWi﹣Fipasswordoffthebackofit?你真的想爬到沙發(fā)后面,拿上路由器,然后從后面讀取Wi﹣Fi密碼嗎?可知相反,去你摯友的家里喝酒,吃主子供應應你的東西,然后面對面地閑聊.故選A.2.結構清晰,脈絡有序爭論型完形填空的三要素:論點、論據(jù)和論證。它們一般有序地支配在引子、正文、結論這一爭論文的一般結構中。能說明論據(jù)主要內容的答案,可以在論點里得到印證,而論點的答案也可以與論據(jù)結合起來,這樣論點、論據(jù)形成一體,相互印證。有時作者為了使文章脈絡清晰,邏輯流暢,都會運用一些連接詞。如:onthecontrary,allinall,inshort,generally,worsestill,ontheotherhand,inconclusion,asaconsequence,hence,also,personally,furthermore,definitely,surely,undoubtedly,obviously,additionally,besides,likewise,forthesakeof,firstl等。3.按確定的方法論證爭論型完形填空都是按確定的論證方法來論證的。常用的論證方法有:歸納法(分析個別事物,達到共同點,得出結論);推理法(從原理動身,個別分析說明,得出結論);比照法(正反比照,分析說明,得出結論);駁論法(闡述錯誤觀點,逐條批駁,闡明觀點)?!纠?】Friendsareveryimportantinoureverydaylife.Everyoneneedsfriends.Weallliketofeelclosetosomeone.(1)_______isnicetohaveafriendtotalk,laugh,anddothingswith.Certainly,sometimesweneedtobealone.Wedon'talwayswantpeople(2)_______.Butwewouldfeellonelyifwe(3)_______hadafriend.Notwopeoplearejustthesame.Friends(4)_______don'tgetonwell.Thatdoesn'tmeanthattheynolongerlikeeachother.Mostofthetimetheywillmakeup(言歸于好)andbecome(5)_______again.Sometimesfriendsmoveaway.Thenwefeelvery(6)_______.Wemissthemverymuch,butwecan(7)_______themandwritetothem.Andwecan(8)_______newfriends.Itisencouragingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends.Theylive(9)_______thanpeoplewhodon't.Why?Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy.(10)_______happyhelpsyoustaywell.Oritcouldbemuchbetterthatsomeonecares.Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou,youtakebettercareofyourself.(1)A.ItB.HeC.ThereD.Someone(2)A.a(chǎn)loneB.a(chǎn)wayC.a(chǎn)lloverD.a(chǎn)round(3)A.everB.neverC.justD.really(4)A.a(chǎn)lwaysB.sometimesC.oftenD.usually(5)A.sistersB.cousinsC.classmatesD.friends(6)A.a(chǎn)ngryB.sadC.happyD.a(chǎn)lone(7)A.callB.a(chǎn)skC.tellD.talk(8)A.lookforB.findC.makeD.know(9)A.longerB.shorterC.slowerD.faster(10)A.SmellingB.BeingC.SoundingD.Making【詳解】1.A:考查代詞及語境的理解.句意:有一個摯友可以談話、一起笑、一起做事情是特別好的.這句話中運用的句型是Itis+形容詞+todosth.做某事是…的.在這個句型中it是形式主語,真正的主語是動詞不定式.故應選A,其他的代詞都不能做形式主語.2.D:考查副詞及語境的理解.句意:我們不想讓人們在四周.a(chǎn)lone一個人,獨自;away離開;allover遍及;around在四周.依據(jù)上一句話sometimesweneedtobealone的意思可知,有時候我們也須要一個人呆著,不想讓別人在我們的四周.故選D.3.B:考查副詞及語境的理解.句意:但是假如我們從沒有過摯友,我們就會感到孤獨.ever曾經(jīng);never從不;just僅僅,只;really真的.依據(jù)句意可知Butwewouldfeellonelyifwe(3)hadafriend,有時候我們須要一個人呆著,但是假如從來就沒有過摯友的話,就會感到孤獨.故選B.4.B:考查副詞及語境的理解.句意:摯友之間有時候也相處不好.a(chǎn)lways總是;sometimes有時候;often常常;usually通常.摯友之間因為特性的不同,有時候也會相處不好don'tgetonwell,而不是總是、通?;虺3#蔬xB.5.D:考查名詞及語境的理解.句意:大多數(shù)時候,他們會言歸于好好,在重新成為摯友.sisters姐妹;cousins表姐妹;classmates同學;friends摯友.依據(jù)這一段的意思Mostofthetimetheywillmakeup(言歸于好)andbecome(5)again.可知,摯友之間也要發(fā)生沖突的時候,但是他們最終還會言歸于好,再次成為摯友.故選D.6.B:考查形容詞及語境的理解.句意:有時候,摯友可能搬走了,于是我們就會感到難過.a(chǎn)ngry生氣的;sad難過的;happy歡樂的;alone獨自,一個人.依據(jù)前一句話的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmoveaway,摯友假如搬走了的話,我們會感到難過.故選B.7.A:考查動詞及語境的理解.句意:我們會特別的惦念他們,但是我們可以給他們打電話或寫信.call打電話;ask問;tell告知;talkwith和某人談話.依據(jù)上文的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmoveaway,Wemissthemverymuch假如摯友搬走了,我們可以給他們打電話或寫信,跟他們保持聯(lián)系.故選A.8.C:考查動詞及語境的理解.句意:我們也可以交新?lián)从眩甽ookfor找尋;find找到,發(fā)覺;make制作,這里是makefriends交摯友;know知道.依據(jù)newfriends的意思可知,假如原來的摯友搬走了,我們還可以交新?lián)从眩蕬斢胢ake.9.A:考查形容詞及語境的理解.句意:有摯友的人比沒有摯友的人活得更長.longer更長;shorter更短;slower更慢;faster更快.依據(jù)句意及下文There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends.Theylive(9)thanpeoplewhodon't.Why?Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy可知,有摯友的人比沒有摯友的人活得更長,因為他們更歡樂,這樣身體就會更健康.故選A.10.B:考查動詞及語境的理解.句意:摯友可以使我們歡樂,歡樂就可以幫助你保持身體健康.smelling的原形是smell,意思是聞,聞起來;sounding的原形是sound,意思是聽起來;making的原形是make,意思是使,制作;空后的happy是一個形容詞,故用being,beinghappy是一個動名詞形式在句中做主語.故選B.精講精練【例題1】Atnight,youfallasleepwhilelisteningtobeautifulmusic.Inthemorning,youare(1)_____upbythesingingofbirdsoutside.Youcanenjoyallofthesethingsbecauseofoneimportantorgan(器官)﹣theears.March3isEarCareDay.Ithelpsusrememberthe(2)_____ofourearsandencouragesustotakegoodcareofthem.Youmaywonder:howdotheears(3)_____?Theearhasthreedifferentparts:theouterear,themiddleear,andtheinnerear.Theouterearisthepartyoucansee.Itcollects(4)_____aroundyou.Thesoundthentravelsdowntothemiddleear,theinnerearandthentoyourbrain.Yourearsneverstopworking,even(5)_____youareasleep!That'swhyyoumaysometimeswakeupsuddenlyinthemiddleofthenight﹣yourbrain(6)_____something,butyoudon'tknowwhatitwas,sinceyouwereasleep.Butearsdomorethanhear.Theyhelpyoukeepyourbalance,too.Intheinnerear,thereareorgansthatarefilled(7)_____liquid(液體)andcoveredinsmallhairs.Whenyoumoveyourhead,theliquidandhairsmove,too.Theysend(8)_____toyourbrainaboutthepositionofyourhead.Moresurprisingly,earsevenhelpwith(9)_____food.Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears,youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes,accordingtothewebsiteofPeople'sDaily.Theearsare(10)_____importantorgans.Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownearsaswellastheycan.1.A.takenB.cheeredC.wokenD.dressed2.A.sizeB.importanceC.differenceD.shape3.A.moveB.tasteC.smellD.work4.A.a(chǎn)irB.lightC.soundD.heat5.A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.since6.A.noticedB.heardC.sawD.watched7.A.ofB.withC.byD.in8.A.messagesB.newsC.picturesD.signs9.A.touchingB.feelingC.tastingD.eating10.A.quicklyB.slowlyC.freelyD.truly【答案】CBDCABBACD【解析】1.C考查動詞,A.taken帶走B.cheered歡呼C.woken醒來的D.dressed裝扮,依據(jù)Inthemorning,結合后文bythesingingofbirdsoutside,可知是指在早晨被外面的鳥叫聲吵醒,故選C.2.B考查名詞,A.size尺寸B.importance重要性C.difference不同D.shape形態(tài),依據(jù)encouragesustotakegoodcareofthem激勵我們好好照看耳朵,可知耳朵是很重要的,故選B.3.D考查動詞,A.move移動B.taste嘗起來C.smell聞起來D.work工作,依據(jù)后面的內容,可知描述的是耳朵的工作原理,所以此處是指耳朵是"如何"工作的,故選D.4.C考查名詞,A.a(chǎn)ir空氣B.light光C.sound聲音D.heat熱度,依據(jù)后文Thesoundthentravelsdowntothemiddleear然后聲音會傳播到中耳,可知外耳廓的作用是收集四周的聲音,故選C.5.A考查連詞,A.when當…時B.before在…之前C.until直到D.since自從,依據(jù)Yourearsneverstopworking,even…youareasleep,結合選項,推出句意:你的耳朵始終在工作,甚至在你睡覺的時候,故選A.6.B考查動詞,A.noticed留意到B.heard聽到C.saw看到D.watched觀看,依據(jù)上一句Yourearsneverstopworking,even(5)Ayouareasleep!可知說的是耳朵在睡眠狀態(tài)下也在工作,所以睡著的時候可以"聽到"聲音,故選B.7.B考查介詞,A.of…的B.with和…一起C.by被D.in在里面,依據(jù)arefilled…liquid,結合選項,可知考查短語befilledwith被…充溢,故選B.8.A考查名詞,A.messages信息B.news新聞C.pictures圖片D.signs標記,依據(jù)toyourbrain,可知大腦接受身體傳輸?shù)男畔?,故選A.9.C考查動詞A.touching觸覺B.feeling感覺C.tasting品嘗D.eating吃,依據(jù)后文Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears,youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes,假如你的耳朵出了問題,你可能很難辨別出不同的味道,推出耳朵還有幫助品嘗味道的功能.故選C.10.D考查副詞,A.quickly快速地B.slowly漸漸地C.freely自由地D.truly真實地,依據(jù)Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownearsaswellastheycan.每個人都應當盡量愛護自己的耳朵.推出耳朵的確很重要,故選D.【練習1】Dopeopleindifferentcountrieshavethesameideaofnumbers?TheunluckynumberforChinesepeopleisusually4becauseitsoundslike(1)______word"death".14is(2)______than4becauseofitssoundtoo.Onthecontrary,9isa(3)______numberforChinese.Itmeans"long"and"longlife".8isas(4)______as18fortheysoundlike"rich"and"certainrich".I(5)______inEuropeforalongtime,andIfindthatinmanywesterncountriespeopledon'tlikethenumber13.(6)______tookmeyearstolookforthereason.Tilloneofmyforeignfriendstoldmethatthere(7)______13peopleattheLastSupperwithJesusChristandthenhewaskilled.That's(8)______itisanunluckynumber.Theytrynot(9)______thisnumberinmanyways.Forexample,(10)______yougointoalift,youwillnotseethenumber13init.Manypeople(11)______believeFridaythethirteenthisaveryunluckyday.Itisusually(12)______FridayinNovember.Theyareverycareful(13)______thatdaysuchasdrivingslowly.Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike(14)______numbers.However,we(15)______takeitseriously.Aslongasthenumberisuseful,itisagoodnumber.1.A.a(chǎn)B.a(chǎn)nC.theD./2.A.badB.badlyC.worseD.theworst3.A.luckB.luckyC.luckilyD.luckiness4.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.thebest5.A.studyB.studiedC.willstudyD.havestudied6.A.ThisB.ItC.ThatD.They7.A.isB.wasC.a(chǎn)reD.were8.A.whenB.howC.whyD.what9.A.useB.usedC.usingD.touse10.A.ifB.becauseC.thoughD.unless11.A.everB.neverC.a(chǎn)lsoD.a(chǎn)lready12.A.fourB.thefourC.fourthD.thefourth13.A.onB.a(chǎn)tC.inD.with14.A.a(chǎn)nyB.someC.eachD.every15.A.couldn'tB.shouldn'tC.mustn'tD.wouldn't.【答案】CCBADBDCDACDABB【解析】1.C考查冠詞.a(chǎn)和an是不定冠詞,以元音音素開頭的單詞前用an,以輔音音素開頭的單詞前用a.the是定冠詞,表示強調.依據(jù)句意是特指單詞death,所以選擇C.2.C考查比較級結構.bad壞的,原型,比較級是worse,最高級是worst.badly是副詞,壞的,原型;依據(jù)后面的than可知要用比較級,故選擇C.3.B考查形容詞.luck幸運,是名詞.它的形容詞是lucky幸運的,副詞是luckily幸運地,luckiness幸運,好運,依據(jù)后面number是名詞,要用形容詞,故選擇B.4.A考查形容詞或副詞原級.A好;形容詞;B好;副詞;C比較級,D最高級;依據(jù)as…as中要有原型,同時本題要用形容詞作is的表語,故選擇A.5.D考查動詞.A原型;B過去式;C將來時,D完成時;依據(jù)后面foralongtime一段時間要用完成時,故選擇D.6.B考查代詞;依據(jù)后面took要用it作主語,固定用法,故選擇B.7.D考查系動詞.依據(jù)前面told可知時態(tài)是一般過去時,therebe句型,后面13people是復數(shù)形式,所以要用are的過去式were,故選擇D.8.C考查疑問詞.A當..時;B怎樣;C為什么、D什么;依據(jù)上面That's(8)itisanunluckynumber這里是說明了為什么13不是吉利數(shù)字,故選擇C.9.D考查動詞.依據(jù)題干,考查固定結構trynottodosth試著別做某事,故選擇D.10.A考查連詞;A假如;B因為;C雖然;D除非;依據(jù)yougointoalift,youwillnotseethenumber13init你進入電梯,你將看不到13,應當是假設,故選擇A.11.C考查副詞.A曾經(jīng);B從不;C也;D已經(jīng);依據(jù)Manypeople(11)believeFridaythethirteenthisaveryunluckyday.很多人(11)認為第十三個星期五,應當也是特別不吉利的一天,故選擇C.12.D考查序數(shù)詞.A4;B4;C第四;D第四;依據(jù)FridayinNovember應當是11月的第四個星期五,要用序數(shù)詞,前面要加the,故選擇D.13.A考查介詞.依據(jù)后面thatday詳細的某一天要用介詞on,故選擇A.14.B考查形容詞.依據(jù)后面numbers是復數(shù)形式,先解除C、D.A用于否定句或疑問句,B用于確定句,本句Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike(14)numbers.是確定句,故選擇B.15.B考查情態(tài)動詞.A不能;B不應當;C不必,表禁止;D不會;依據(jù)后面Aslongasthenumberisuseful,itisagoodnumber.只要這個數(shù)字有用,它就是個好數(shù)字,這里takeitseriously,應當是不應當當真,故選擇B.【例題2】"Friendsaretreasureinourlives",asthesayinggoes.Itmeansthatfriendsarereallyimportantforus.IrememberwhenIwasgrowingup,mymomalways(46)_______,"Halfthefunofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers."It'strue.Friendsmake(47)_______enjoythetasteofoursuccessandjoyandcomfortusinourchallengingmoments.Theyprovideamirrorforusto(48)_______moreaboutourselves.Ihavealwayslookedonfriendsasfamily(49)_______.Theyenrichourlives.Asafamouswritersaid,"Afriendisapresentwhichyougive(50)_______."Tobeagoodfriend,it'simportanttobeagoodlistener.Listento(51)_______yourfriendsaysfirstratherthanmakingaconclusionquickly.Sometimesitis(52)_______torepeattheirwordsbacktothem.Itcanhelpthemrealizewhethertheirwordsarewhattheywanttosay.Patienceisanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend,(53)_______.Youknowtheoldgoldenrule"Careforothers(54)_______thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou."Thesupportofafriendduringadifficulttimecanmakeadifferencebetweensuccess(55)_______failure.46.A.saidB.toldC.talkedD.spoke47.A.usB.meC.herD.them48.A.changeB.teachC.fightD.learn49.A.friendsB.childrenC.membersD.enemies50.A.herselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.myself51.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whose52.A.boringB.specialC.beautifulD.useful53.A.neverB.eitherC.tooD.a(chǎn)lso54.A.ofB.byC.forD.in55.A.butB.soC.a(chǎn)ndD.or【答案】AADCBADCBC【解析】46.A考查動詞.依據(jù)后句Halfthefunofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers做任何事的一半樂趣就是和別人共享.這是我媽媽總是對我說的,可知強調說話的內容,結合選項,A.說.表示說的內容;B.告知,C.說話,D.講某種語言.即我的媽媽總是說,故選A.47.A考查代詞.依據(jù)后句comfortus勸慰我們,這與make是并列關系,結合選項,A.我們.B.我,C.她,D.他們.即這是真的.摯友讓我們在充溢挑戰(zhàn)的時刻享受勝利和歡樂的味道.故選A.48.D考查動詞.依據(jù)前句Theyprovideamirror他們供應了一面鏡子,結合選項,A.變更;B.教;C.打架;D.學習.可知推想意思是他們?yōu)槲覀児艘幻骁R子,讓我們更多的了解自己,即用動詞不定式表示目的,故選D.49.C考查固定短語.依據(jù)后句Theyenrichourlives摯友豐富了我們的生活,結合選項,A.摯友;B.兒童;C.成員;D.敵人.可知推想意思是我總是把摯友看作是我的家庭成員,故選C.50.B考查代詞.依據(jù)前句Afriendisapresentwhichyougive,這里用的是you你,結合選項,A.她自己,B.你自己.C.他自己,D.我自己.可知推想意思是摯友是你贈送給自己的禮物,故選B.51.A考查關系詞.依據(jù)后句yourfriendsays,這里缺少說的賓語,結合選項,A.什么.B.那,C.怎樣,如何,D.誰的.可知推想意思是即首先要傾聽你的摯友所說的,故選A.52.D考查形容詞.依據(jù)前后句Sometimesitis…torepeattheirwordsbacktothem.結合選項,A.無聊的;B.特別的;C.美麗的;D.有幫助的.可知應說有時把他們的話重復一遍是很有用的.故選D.53.C考查副詞.依據(jù)前句Patience(耐性)isanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend,結合選項,A.從不,B.也,表示否定意義,C.也.D.也,通常放在句中.可知推想意思是耐性也很重要,這里放在了句子的結尾,且表達確定的意思,故選C.54.B考查固定短語.依據(jù)前后句Careforothers…thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou,結合選項,A.…的;B.通過;C.為了;D.在…里.可知推想意思是以你希望他們關切你的方式照看他人,bytheway通過這種方式,故選B.55.C考查固定短語.依據(jù)前句betweensuccess,結合選項,A.但,B.因此,C.和.D.或者.可知推想意思是在困難時刻摯友的支持能夠對勝利和失敗產(chǎn)生很多的影響,即固定短語between…and…,故選C.【練習2】Haveyouseenthecartoonsoftwopenguins(企鵝)ontheInternet?Theysitoneithersideofasmall(16)_______.Theyarefriends,buteachdoessomethingselfish(自私的)which(17)_______theirfriend"ship"tosink(沉沒).Thecartoonshavebecomevery(18)_______.Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendshipandsometimes(19)_______theymaylosetheirfriends.Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappyand(20)_______momentswith.Afriendissomeonetotalktoaboutyourdeepestfeelings.Andwithagoodfriendyouwillneverbealone.However,keepingfriendshipisn'talways(21)_______.Thekeyto(22)_______yourfriend"ship"fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings:sharing,caringandcommunicating.Goodfriendsliketoshareeverythingwitheachother.Theysharetheirsnacks,theysharetheir(23)_______aboutschoolwork,sometimestheyevensharetheirclothes!Andgoodfriendsalsocareabouteachother.Theydo(24)_______theycantomaketheirfriendshappy.Butthemostimportantpartoffriendshipiscommunicating.Communicatingmeanstalkingtoyourfriendsandbeinghonestwiththem.Italsomeansthatyoukeepintouchwithyourfriendseventhoughtheymaybein(25)_______schoolsorlivefaraway.Withoutcommunication,itissuretosendyourfriend"ship"tosinkintothesea.16.A.houseB.chairC.boatD.cave17.A.causesB.findsC.catchesD.sends18.A.importantB.interestingC.colourfulD.popular19.A.thinkB.worryC.speakD.wake20.A.joyfulB.meaningfulC.a(chǎn)ngryD.sad21.A.easyB.difficultC.seriousD.helpful22.A.runningB.walkingC.stayingD.keeping23.A.moneyB.foodC.toysD.knowledge24.A.whoeverB.wheneverC.whateverD.whenever25.A.thesameB.differentC.expensiveD.cheap【答案】CADBDADDCB【解析】16C考查名詞:依據(jù)theirfriend"ship"tosink,結合選項,推想意思是它們坐在一艘小船的兩邊.故選C.17A考查動詞:依據(jù)theirfriend"ship"tosink,結合選項,推想意思是他們是摯友,但是每個企鵝都做了自私的事情讓友情消逝.故選A.18D考查形容詞:依據(jù)Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendship,結合選項,推想意思是這個動畫已經(jīng)很流行.它展示了人們有多么的珍惜友情,故選D.19B考查動詞:依據(jù)theymaylosetheirfriends,結合選項,推想意思是有時候會擔憂他們會失去摯友.故選B.20D考查動詞:依據(jù)Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappyand,結合選項,推想意思是摯友是一位你能共享歡樂分擔苦痛的人.故選D.21A考查動詞:依據(jù)However,keepingfriendshipisn'talways,結合選項,推想意思是然而,維持友情不是始終很簡潔.故選A.22D考查動詞:依據(jù)yourfriend"ship"fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings,結合選項,推想意思是愛護你友情之船不會沉沒的秘訣歸結于三件簡潔的事情:共享,關切和溝通.考查短語keep…from,故選D.23D考查動詞:依據(jù)aboutschoolwork,結合選項,推想意思是好的摯友喜愛彼此共享一切.他們共享他們的零食,學業(yè)學問,有時候他們甚至共享衣服.故選D.24C考查動詞:依據(jù)theycan,結合選項,推想意思是他們會做他們能做的一切去讓自己的摯友快樂.這里用whatever充當do的賓語,故選C.25B考查動詞:依據(jù)eventhoughtheymaybein(25)schoolsorlivefaraway.結合選項,推想意思是也意味著即使或許在不同的學?;蛘咦〉暮苓h也要和你的摯友保持聯(lián)系.故選B.【例題3】"Thankyou"iswidely(41)_______inamodernsociety.Itisaverygood(42)_______.Youshouldsay"Thankyou"(43)_______othershelpyouorsay(44)_______kindtoyou.Forexample,whensomeone(45)_______thedoorforyou,whensomeonesaysyouhavedoneyourworkwell,whensomeonesaysyouhave(46)_______aniceshirt,oryourcityisverybeautiful,youshouldsay"Thankyou".Itisusednotonlybetweenfriends,(47)_______betweenparentsandchildren,(48)_______andsisters,husbandsandwives."Excuseme"is(49)_______shortpoliteusage.Weuseitthe(50)_______as"Thankyou".Whenyouhearsomeonesayssobehindyou,you'llgettoknowthatsomebodywantstowalkpast(51)_______touchingyou.Itisnotpolitetointerrupt(打斷)otherswhiletheyare(52)_______.Ifyouwanttohaveawordwithoneofthem,pleasesay"Excuseme"(53)_______,andthenbegintotalk.Youshouldalsodo(54)_______whenyouwanttocoughormakeanyunpleasantnoisebeforeothers.Let'ssay"Thankyou"and"Excuseme"(55)_______therightsituation.41.A.usedB.toldC.a(chǎn)ctedD.taught42.A.voiceB.soundC.mannerD.reason43.A.whereverB.wheneverC.whoeverD.whatever44.A.nothingB.everybodyC.a(chǎn)nybodyD.something45.A.closesB.opensC.losesD.shakes46.A.hiddenB.soldC.boughtD.worn47.A.butB.a(chǎn)ndC.soD.yet48.A.cousinsB.brothersC.parentsD.grandparents49.A.othersB.otherC.a(chǎn)notherD.theother50.A.partB.suchC.commonD.same51.A.withoutB.withC.withinD.while52.A.runningB.talkingC.sleepingD.walking53.A.thenB.secondC.firstD.next54.A.thisB.thatC.itD.so55.A.onB.toC.inD.a(chǎn)t【答案】ACBDBCABCDABCDA【解析】41題答案:A考查動詞辨析.A運用;B告知;C表演;D教;依據(jù)Thankyou"iswidely(41)inamodernsociety感謝你應當是被廣泛應用于社會中,故答案是A.42題答案:C考查名詞辨析.A聲音;B聲音;C行為;D緣由;依據(jù)前面Thankyou"iswidely(41)inamodernsociety感謝你應當是被廣泛應用于社會中這個應當是禮貌對的行為,故答案是C.43題答案:B考查連詞辨析.A無論何地;B無論什么時候;C無論是誰;D無論什么;依據(jù)Youshouldsay"Thankyou"(43)othershelpyou你應當說感謝,后面其他人幫助你,應當是無論什么時候,故答案是B.44題答案:D考查代詞辨析.A沒什么;B每個人;C任何人,用于否定句或一般疑問句;D某些事情;依據(jù)say(44)kindtoyou應當說你一些好話,故答案是D.45題答案:B考查動詞辨析.A關;B開;C丟失;D搖;依據(jù)whensomeone(45)thedoorforyou應當是為你開門,故答案是B.46題答案:C考查動詞辨析.A隱藏;B賣;C買;D穿;依據(jù)whensomeonesaysyouhave(46)aniceshirt應當是你買了一件美麗的襯衫,故答案是C.47題答案:A考查連詞辨析.A但是;B和;C所以;D也,還;仍舊;依據(jù)題干notonly…butalso(also可以省略)是關聯(lián)詞語,意思是:不但…而且…是固定短語,故答案是A.48題答案:B考查名詞辨析.A表兄弟姐妹;B兄弟;C父母;D祖父母;依據(jù)parentsandchildren,(48)andsisters,husbandsandwives.父母和孩子,丈夫和妻子,空中應當是兄弟和姐妹,故答案是B.49題答案:C考查代詞辨析.A其它的,相當于代詞和名詞;B其它的,后面要用名詞復數(shù);C另一個,三個以上的另一個;D兩者中的另一個;依據(jù)"Excuseme"is(49)shortpoliteusage"對不起"是另一種客氣的用法.很多中的另一個,故答案是C.50題答案:D考查形容詞辨析.A部分;B例如;C一般的;D相同的;依據(jù)Weuseitthe(50)as"Thankyou",應當是固定短語thesameas和…一樣,故答案是D.51題答案:A考查介詞辨析.A沒有;B和..;C在內部;D在…期間;依據(jù)Whenyouhearsomeonesayssobehindyou,you'llgettoknowthatsomebodywantstowalkpast(51)touchingyou.當你聽到有人你身后說,你會知道有人想走過去,應當是不觸摸你,故答案是A.52題答案:B考查動詞辨析.A跑;B說話;C睡覺;D走路;依據(jù)Itisnotpolitetointerrupt(打斷)others打斷別人…是不禮貌的.應當是睡覺,故答案是B.53題答案:C考查序數(shù)詞辨析.A然后;B其次;C首先;D接下來;依據(jù)Ifyouwanttohaveawordwithoneofthem,pleasesay"Excuseme"果你想和其中一個人說一句話,和前面的例子,請先說"對不起",故答案是C.54題答案:D考查代詞辨析.A這個;B那個:C它;D如此,這樣;依據(jù)后面whenyouwanttocoughormakeanyunpleasantnoisebeforeothers當你想在別人面前咳嗽或發(fā)出不開心的聲音時,你也應當這樣做,故答案是D.55題答案:A考查介詞辨析.依據(jù)題干,ontherigntsituation在正確的狀況下是固定用法,故答案是A.【練習3】DoyouknowOneBelt,OneRoad?WealsocallittheModernSilkRoad.AndZhangQianwasanearlytraveleroftheAncientSilkRoad.Hewasprobablythefirst(1)_______tobringbackgoodinformationaboutthecentralAsianlandstoChina.In138BC,HanWudisentZhangQiantotheYue-chipeopletoaskfortheir(2)_______againsttheXiongnuwhoofteninfringed(侵擾)them.(3)_______,onthewaytotheWesternRegions,hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople.Zhanghadtostaywiththem(4)_______about10yearsbeforehegotaway.WhenZhangfinaly(5)_______theYue-chiintheNorthIndia,hewas(6)_______tofindthattheydidn'twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople.On(7)_______returnjourney,ZhangQianandhismenwere(8)_______again.Itwasnotuntil125BCthattheyreturnedtoChina.(9)_______Zhangdidn'tfinishhisjob,helearnedalotabouttheplaces,people,customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms(王國)intheWesternRegions.LaterHanWudisentZhangtotheWestagain.Zhang'sjourneytotheWesthelped(10)_______internationaltrade,especiallyinsilk,betweenChinaandtheWest.That'stheAncientSilkRoad.1.A.menB.man'sC.manD.men's2.A.questionB.helpC.knowledgeD.a(chǎn)nswer3.A.HappilyB.ExcitedlyC.LuckilyD.Unfortunately4.A.forB.sinceC.a(chǎn)tD.in5.A.a(chǎn)rrivedB.reachedC.gotD.liked6.A.comfortableB.disappointedC.excitedD.enjoyable7.A.himB.heC.hisD.himself8.A.caughtB.madeC.servedD.heard9.A.ButB.AsC.BecauseD.Although10.A.useB.getC.developD.see【答案】CBDABBCADC【解析】1.C考查名詞,A.men男人B.man's男人的C.man男人D.men's男人的,依據(jù)Hewasprobablythefirst,主語he是單數(shù),故解除AD,考查句型thefirstmantodosth第一個做某事的人,故選C.2.B考查名詞,A.question問題B.help幫助C.knowledge學問D.a(chǎn)nswer回答,依據(jù)againsttheXiongnuwhoofteninfringed(侵擾)them,可知是為了對抗匈奴,所以派張騫去尋求幫助,故選B.3.D考查副詞,A.Happily快樂地B.Excitedly激烈地C.Luckily幸運地D.Unfortunately不幸地,依據(jù)onthewaytotheWesternRegions,hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople.路張騫在路上被匈奴人抓住,這是不幸的事情,故選D.4.A考查介詞,A.for為了B.since自從C.a(chǎn)t在…D.in在里面,依據(jù)about10years,這是時間段,for引導時間段,故選A.5.B考查動詞,A.a(chǎn)rrived到達B.reached到達C.got到達D.liked喜愛,依據(jù)WhenZhangfinaly…theYue﹣chi,結合選項,推出句意:當張騫到達Yue﹣chi,arrive后接in/at;get要接to,reach是及物動詞,后面不用介詞,故選B.6.B考查形容詞,A.comfortable舒適的B.disappointed悲觀的C.excited激烈的D.enjoyable享受的,依據(jù)tofindthattheydidn'twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople.可知張騫發(fā)覺他們并不情愿對抗匈奴,所以感到悲觀,故選B.7.C考查代詞,A.him他,賓格B.he他,主格C.his他的D.himself他自己,依據(jù)On…returnjourney,在他的回去的旅途中,故選C.8.A考查動詞,A.caught抓住B.made制造C.served服務D.heard聽到,依據(jù)again,可知他再次被抓住,故選A.9.D考查連詞,A.But但是B.As作為C.Because因為D.Although雖然,依據(jù)Zhangdidn'tfinishhisjob,helearnedalotabouttheplaces,people,customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms(王國)intheWesternRegions.可知考查句型:although…的用法,表示"雖然…但是…",結合句意"雖然張騫沒有完成他的使命,但是他了解到了西部地區(qū)36個王國的文化和風土人情",故選D.10.C考查動詞,A.use運用B.get得到C.develop發(fā)展D.see看到,依據(jù)Zhang'sjourneytotheWesthelped…internationaltrade,張騫的西域之行幫助發(fā)展了國際貿易,故選C.課后作業(yè)Richorpoor,youngorold,weallhaveproblems.Wecaneasilybecomeunhappy(31)______wesolveourproblems.(32)______aboutourproblemscanaffecthowwedothingsatschoolorathome.Sohowdowedealwithourproblems?Mostofushaveprobablybeenangry(33)______ourfriends,parentsorteachers.Perhapstheysaidsomethingyoudidn'tlike,oryoufelttheywereunfair.Sometimes,peoplecanstayangryforyearsaboutasmallproblem.Timegoesby,andgoodfriendshipsmay(34)______.Whenweareangry,however,weareusuallytheonesaffected.Haveyoueverseenyoungchildrenplayingtogether?Buttheyfightverysoon,anddecidenottotalktoeachother.However,thisusuallydoesn't(35)______forlong.Theybecomegoodfriendsagain.Thisisanimportant(36)______forus:wecansolveaproblembylearningtoforget.Manystudentsoftencomplainaboutschool.Theymightfeeltheyhavetoomuchworktodosometimes,orthinktherulesaretoo(37)______.Wemustlearnhowtochangethese"problems"into"challenges"(挑戰(zhàn)).Asyoungadults,itisourduty(38)______ourbesttodealwitheachchallengewiththehelpofourteachers.Bycomparingyourselftootherpeople,youwillfindyourproblemsarenotso(39)______.ThinkaboutStephenHawking,forexample,
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