第08講 句子成分+基本句型+句子種類+長難句（練）-2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測（新教材新高考）含答案及解析

第08講句子成分+句子種類+句子種類長難句（模擬精練+真題演練）用單詞的適當形式填空1.(江蘇省蘇北四市2023年高三調(diào)研測試)ApaperpublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantSciencedetailshowplantsarerapidlyadaptingtotheeffectsofclimatechange,andhowtheyarepassingdowntheseadaptationstotheiroffspring(后代).【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆河北省名校聯(lián)考一模)Tohelpresolvethisissue,scientistshavebeentryingtolearnwhyspeciesbecomeendangered.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆廣東省廣州市統(tǒng)考試題)Whenputtotests,beeshavelongprovedthatthey’vegotalotmoretoofferthanpollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆廣東省六校聯(lián)盟試題)Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（湖北省武漢市2023屆高三質檢）RosAltmann,theformerpensionsminister,recentlywroteofbeingcontactedbyanelderlywomanwhonolongerdrivestoherlocalpark,becauseshecannotdownloadthecarparkingapprequired.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（2023屆浙江卷里卷天下高三聯(lián)考）BacongraduatedfromtheUniversityofConnecticutin2015andhassinceservedasanESL(EnglishasaSecondLanguage)instructor,anaturalistatanoutdoorschool,andsoldvegetablesatfarmer’smarkets,accordingtoherwebsiteontheproject,whichshe’snamedMilesForClimate.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（2023屆重慶名校聯(lián)盟高三診斷試題）Hisformerclassmateshavekepttheirpromisethatafterhewasgone,theywouldn’tlosetrackofPat.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆河北省衡水中學高三下學期五調(diào)試題）Paula,whohasfullyrecovered,said,“At18,Henryhasalreadybeeninvolvedinbuildingtherestofmylife.”【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.（2023屆江蘇省鹽城市高三三模試題）Overthenexttwoyears,BanerjeeexploredarangeofstylesatStanford,performedandeventuallydirectedthestudentgroupStanfordSwingtime,andservedasco-chairoftheplanningcommitteeforVienneseBallandforBigDance.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.（2023屆浙江省鎮(zhèn)海中學高三5月模擬考試英語試題）Thatcriticalroleshapedthebrain’srewardsystem,makingushard-wiredtoenjoycarbohydratesandfattyfoods.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023屆東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體模擬試題）Swotwillscan(查看)theseasandpreciselymeasurefinedifferencesinsurfaceelevations(高度)aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies(漩渦),wheremuchoftheoceans’decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023屆河北省張家口市高三5月三模英語試題）TheParavelAviatorGrandcombinesrecycledfabricwithrecycledmetalparts,includingzippers(拉鎖)andahandlethatcanbeusedaslongasyoudo.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市九中三模試題）Thestudy,whichinvolvedinvitinghundredsofresearcherstoreviewaneconomicspaper,isincredible【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14.（2023屆湖南省衡陽高三聯(lián)考）Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata,expertshaveadjustedexerciseplansforthemtokeepfitnessinordertoensureasafelanding,Zhongsaid.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15.（2023屆山東省濟南市高三三模英語試題）WalterBenjamin,theGermanphilosopher,oncenotedthatboredomwasthe‘dreambirdthathatchestheeggofexperience’.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________用單詞的適當形式填空1.（2022年新高考I卷)AdditionallyfromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupwork

tobecompleted

inclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2022年新高考I卷)Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.（2022年新高考II卷）Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.（2022年全國乙卷）Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.（2022年全國乙卷）Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（2022年浙江卷）Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators(捕食者).【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（2021年天津卷）Itisfoundthatpeoplewhofrequentculturalplacesorparticipateinartisticeventsaremorelikelytogaingoodhealthcomparedtothosewhodonot;moreengagementwiththeartsislinkedtoahigherlevelofpeople'swellbeing.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.（2022年浙江卷1月）Assoonasshegraduatedfromhighschool，shelefthometoliveonCatalinaInlandofftheCaliforniacoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.(2022天津卷)Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.”【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.（2022全國乙卷）Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第08講句子成分+句子種類+句子種類長難句（模擬精練+真題演練）用單詞的適當形式填空1.(江蘇省蘇北四市2023年高三調(diào)研測試)ApaperpublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantSciencedetailshowplantsarerapidlyadaptingtotheeffectsofclimatechange,andhowtheyarepassingdowntheseadaptationstotheiroffspring(后代).【分析】本句是復合句。主干Apaperdetails.how引導賓語從句，publishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantScience為過去分詞短語作后置定語。and連接兩個并列的賓語從句.【句意】發(fā)表在《植物科學的趨勢》雜志上的一篇論文詳細描述了植物是如何快速適應氣候變化的影響的，以及它們是如何將這些適應能力傳遞給它們的后代（后代）的。(2023屆河北省名校聯(lián)考一模)Tohelpresolvethisissue,scientistshavebeentryingtolearnwhyspeciesbecomeendangered.【分析】本句是復合句。連詞why引導賓語從句，充當動詞learn的賓語，不定式短語tohelpresolvethisissue作目的狀語，謂語使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。【句意】為了幫助解決這個問題，科學家們一直在試圖了解為什么物種會瀕臨滅絕。(2023屆廣東省廣州市統(tǒng)考試題)Whenputtotests,beeshavelongprovedthatthey’vegotalotmoretoofferthanpollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen.【分析】本句是復合句。When引導的時間狀語從句中省略beesare,主干為beeshavelongprovedthat，that引導賓語從句，在從句中不充當句子成分，pollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen為并列成分充當介詞than的介詞賓語?！揪湟狻吭跍y試中，蜜蜂已經(jīng)證明了除了授粉（授粉）、制造蜂蜜和忠于蜂后之外，它們還有更多的東西。(2023屆廣東省六校聯(lián)盟試題)Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.【分析】本句是復合句。主干部分為therebe倒裝句型。主語為something,that為關系代詞引導定語從句，并在從句中充當主語?！揪湟狻磕俏焕蠇D人的行為有些引起了我的注意。（湖北省武漢市2023屆高三質檢）RosAltmann,theformerpensionsminister,recentlywroteofbeingcontactedbyanelderlywomanwhonolongerdrivestoherlocalpark,becauseshecannotdownloadthecarparkingapprequired.【分析】主語RosAltmanna,theformerpensionsminister充當同位語，謂語為wroteof，關系代詞who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞woman,連詞because引導原因狀語從句，從句中required為過去分詞作后置定語修飾app?！揪湟狻壳梆B(yǎng)老金部長RosAltmann最近寫道，一位不再開車去當?shù)毓珗@的老婦人聯(lián)系了她，因為她不會下載所需的停車應用程序。（2023屆浙江卷里卷天下高三聯(lián)考）BacongraduatedfromtheUniversityofConnecticutin2015andhassinceservedasanESL(EnglishasaSecondLanguage)instructor,anaturalistatanoutdoorschool,andsoldvegetablesatfarmer’smarkets,accordingtoherwebsiteontheproject,whichshe’snamedMilesForClimate.【分析】本句是并列句。前句主謂Bacongraduated，后句謂語動詞hasservedas及并列謂語hassoldvegetables,主語相同，故省略主語。關系代詞which引導定語從句，在從句中作name的間接賓語?！揪湟狻颗喔?015年畢業(yè)于康涅狄格大學，之后擔任ESL（英語作為第二語言）講師，在一所戶外學校的博物學家，根據(jù)她在農(nóng)貿(mào)市場上銷售蔬菜，根據(jù)她的網(wǎng)站，她將其命名為英里斯氣候。（2023屆重慶名校聯(lián)盟高三診斷試題）Hisformerclassmateshavekepttheirpromisethatafterhewasgone,theywouldn’tlosetrackofPat.【分析】本句是復合句。主干部分Hisformerclassmateshavekepttheirpromise。連詞that引導同位語從句，修飾promise,在從句中，連詞after引導時間狀語從句，主句為theywouldn’tlosetrackofPat?！揪湟狻克郧暗耐瑢W們遵守了他們的承諾，在他走后，他們不會忘記帕特。(2023屆河北省衡水中學高三下學期五調(diào)試題）Paula,whohasfullyrecovered,said,“At18,Henryhasalreadybeeninvolvedinbuildingtherestofmylife.”【分析】本句為復合句，主句中運用直接引語。關系代詞who引導定語從句，修飾先行名詞Paula，主干Paulasaid?！揪湟狻恳呀?jīng)完全康復的保拉說：“18歲的亨利已經(jīng)參與了構建我的余生?！?.（2023屆江蘇省鹽城市高三三模試題）Overthenexttwoyears,BanerjeeexploredarangeofstylesatStanford,performedandeventuallydirectedthestudentgroupStanfordSwingtime,andservedasco-chairoftheplanningcommitteeforVienneseBallandforBigDance.【分析】本句為并列句。主語一致，謂語動詞為一系列的動作連續(xù)性發(fā)生?！揪湟狻吭诮酉聛淼膬赡昀?，班納吉在斯坦福大學探索了一系列的風格，表演并最終指導了學生團體斯坦福搖擺時間，并擔任了維也納舞會和大舞會規(guī)劃委員會的聯(lián)合主席。10.（2023屆浙江省鎮(zhèn)海中學高三5月模擬考試英語試題）Thatcriticalroleshapedthebrain’srewardsystem,makingushard-wiredtoenjoycarbohydratesandfattyfoods.【分析】本句是簡單句。謂語動詞shape，表示“塑造”。makingushard-wiredtoenjoycarbohydratesandfattyfoods.為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結果狀語?！揪湟狻窟@個關鍵的角色塑造了大腦的獎賞系統(tǒng)，使我們習慣于享受碳水化合物和高脂肪的食物。（2023屆東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體模擬試題）Swotwillscan(查看)theseasandpreciselymeasurefinedifferencesinsurfaceelevations(高度)aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies(漩渦),wheremuchoftheoceans’decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur.【分析】本句為復合句。關系副詞where引導定語從句，并在從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語，修飾先行詞currentsandeddies.介詞短語aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies充當后置定語。【句意】Swot將掃描（查看）海洋，并精確測量較小洋流和渦流（漩渦）周圍表面海拔（高度）的細微差異，海洋的熱量和碳減少被認為是發(fā)生在那里。（2023屆河北省張家口市高三5月三模英語試題）TheParavelAviatorGrandcombinesrecycledfabricwithrecycledmetalparts,includingzippers(拉鎖)andahandlethatcanbeusedaslongasyoudo.【分析】本句主干部分謂語動詞combine...with...,including是介詞短語作后置定語，修飾metalparts,關系代詞that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞ahandle?！揪湟狻颗晾S爾飛行員混合利用了可回收的纖維織物和可回收的金屬部件，包括拉鏈（拉鎖）和一個可以使用的手柄。（2023屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市九中三模試題）Thestudy,whichinvolvedinvitinghundredsofresearcherstoreviewaneconomicspaper,isincredible【分析】本句是主從復合句。主干主語thestudyisincredible.非限制性定語從句被which引導，修飾主語。從句謂語involve后需跟動名詞作賓語，故invitinghundredsofresearchers...作其賓語?！揪湟狻窟@項研究邀請了數(shù)百名研究人員審查一篇經(jīng)濟學論文，令人難以置信。14.（2023屆湖南省衡陽高三聯(lián)考）Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata,expertshaveadjustedexerciseplansforthemtokeepfitnessinordertoensureasafelanding,Zhongsaid.【分析】本句是話語引述。主干部分Zhongsaid.引述的話語中，主干部分為expertshaveadjustedexerciseplans.Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata過去分詞短語作狀語，tokeepfitnessinordertoensureasafelanding均為不定式作目的狀語?！揪湟狻跨娬f，根據(jù)他們的在軌體檢和數(shù)據(jù)，專家們已經(jīng)調(diào)整了鍛煉計劃，以保持健康，以確保他們的安全著陸。15.（2023屆山東省濟南市高三三模英語試題）WalterBenjamin,theGermanphilosopher,oncenotedthatboredomwasthe‘dreambirdthathatchestheeggofexperience’.【分析】本句是復合句。主語WalterBenjamin,謂語note，that引導賓語從句。TheGermanphilosopher充當同位語。副詞once作狀語，賓語從句中thedreambird作表語，其后被關系代詞that引導的定語從句修飾?！揪湟狻康聡軐W家沃爾特·本杰明曾指出，無聊是“孵化經(jīng)驗之蛋的夢想之鳥”。用單詞的適當形式填空1.（2022年新高考I卷)AdditionallyfromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupwork

tobecompleted

inclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.【分析】本句為主從復合句。主句Iwillassigngroupwork,非謂語短語tobecompleted

inclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome充當后置定語,Additionally為副詞作狀語,bothofwhich引導非限制性定語從句?！揪湟狻看送猓覍⒉粫r地分配小組工作在課堂上完成或短期作業(yè)在家完成，這兩者都將被評分。(2022年新高考I卷)Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.【分析】本句為并列句，由and連接。前面是therebe句型，主語為700elderlypeople,lookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾people，后半句中謂語使用被動語態(tài)。【句意】現(xiàn)在有700名老人在東北部的20家養(yǎng)老院照顧母雞，該慈善機構已經(jīng)得到了財政支持，以便在全國范圍內(nèi)推廣此舉。3.（2022年新高考II卷）Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.【分析】本句為并列句，由and連接。前一句中謂語動詞為havebannedtexting,overthelastsevenyears為介詞短語作時間狀語，后句中主干部分為publicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethods，動詞不定式短語topersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphones作目的狀語，連詞when引導時間狀語從句?！揪湟狻吭谶^去的七年里，大多數(shù)州都禁止司機發(fā)短信，公共服務運動也嘗試了各種各樣的方法來說服人們在開車時放下手機。5.（2022年全國乙卷）Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.【分析】Itisbelievedthat...是主謂賓句子結構。That引導真正的主語從句，It充當形式主語，puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease是現(xiàn)在分詞短語充當結果狀語。【句意】大家都認為，如今的兒童和青少年攝入的糖分是推薦量的三倍，這使得他們患糖尿病的風險更高。6.（2022年全國乙卷）(2022全國乙卷)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandcult