第19講 七選五（講義）-2024年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)（新教材新高考）含答案及解析

?第19講七選五（講義）【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握七選五命題規(guī)律掌握段首句解題策略掌握段中句解題策略并熟知邏輯關(guān)系詞掌握段位句解題策略【考情分析】七選五題型詞數(shù)300左右(正文詞數(shù)200左右，選項(xiàng)詞數(shù)100左右)。選材多是社會(huì)生活和文化科技方面；具有貼近生活、新穎、體現(xiàn)正能量、時(shí)代性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)。文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、邏輯嚴(yán)密、層次分明，突出對(duì)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的整體理解，側(cè)重考查學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力。設(shè)空題型包括短中、段首、段尾題，其中段中題是考查的重難點(diǎn)。段首和段尾為輔。七個(gè)選項(xiàng)意義都與文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)，兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)。年份卷別段首題及題號(hào)段中題及題號(hào)段尾題及題號(hào)2023新高考I卷04個(gè)；36/37/39/40題1個(gè)；38題2023新高考II卷1個(gè)；39題3個(gè)；36/38/40題1個(gè)；37題2022新高考I卷04個(gè)；36/37/38/39題1個(gè)；39題2022新高考II卷1個(gè)；36題4個(gè)；37/38/39/40題02021新高考I卷1個(gè)；39題4個(gè)；36/37/38/40題02021新高考II卷1個(gè)；38題3個(gè)；37/39/40題1個(gè)；36題【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】知識(shí)點(diǎn)一段首題命題規(guī)律：段首題具有鮮明的語(yǔ)言特征，要么是段落標(biāo)題句(主旨句)，要么就是段落主題句，七選五解題時(shí)可采用先易后難的原則，而段首的這兩種題型即可作為七選五解題的突破口。題型和考查角度：1.段落小標(biāo)題：概括段落大意，特征突出，短小且語(yǔ)言精煉2.段落主題句：段落主旨概括性，與其它段落承上啟下一段落小標(biāo)題解題策略：1.觀察其它段落標(biāo)題的形式。閱讀段落內(nèi)容，提煉段落中心詞、高頻詞和中心詞的近義詞。選項(xiàng)特征：1.其形式應(yīng)和其他小標(biāo)題相同。選項(xiàng)語(yǔ)言短小精煉。3.多為名詞詞組、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或祈使向。二段落主題句主題句分兩種類型。設(shè)空處在段首通常為主旨概括句，有時(shí)也可能為承上啟下(過(guò)渡)句。如果設(shè)空處位于段首，要瞻前顧后找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與之銜接，并結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。1.主旨概括句解題策略：認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，段落的第一、二句是關(guān)鍵信息，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句，有時(shí)也要參考最后一句，因?yàn)槎温渲谐＿\(yùn)用首尾呼應(yīng)的原則，根據(jù)尾句進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。選項(xiàng)特征：準(zhǔn)確概括段落大意，避免以偏概全或偏離主題2.承上啟下(過(guò)渡)句在段首設(shè)空的題有時(shí)也可能起承上啟下的作用，此時(shí)既要熟悉上一段內(nèi)容，又要去結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容。解題策略：做題時(shí)要聯(lián)系上下文，把握邏輯關(guān)系，分析所選答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)特征：過(guò)渡句與段落主旨相關(guān)，且與上下文語(yǔ)意連貫?！菊骖}典例】（2023年新高考II卷）·___19___Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.AGetoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.知識(shí)點(diǎn)二段中題命題規(guī)律：段中設(shè)空的題目即為主題句的展開(kāi)句。此種題要注意分析前后的邏輯性和內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意句子之間的銜接手法，如代詞、邏輯連接詞等。做題時(shí)，首先要依據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息將選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行排除，然后將剩下的可能答案逐一代入，達(dá)到選項(xiàng)和設(shè)空處的前后內(nèi)容達(dá)到語(yǔ)意連貫及邏輯通順，最終確定最佳選項(xiàng)。解題策略：利用結(jié)構(gòu)或暗示利用邏輯關(guān)系一利用結(jié)構(gòu)或暗示設(shè)空位于段中，首先閱讀選項(xiàng)并畫出關(guān)鍵詞；然后重點(diǎn)閱讀設(shè)空處的前一句和后一句，畫出關(guān)鍵詞，找出它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系或根據(jù)意義的連貫性得出答案；1.先看選項(xiàng)七選五的選項(xiàng)較少，并且給出的都是句子。可以通過(guò)句子的完整性或者句子后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)先判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過(guò)閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其它選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。2.再看空前空后由于七選五空出的是整個(gè)句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，可以通過(guò)選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來(lái)確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。3.注意代詞或定冠詞一定要注意句子中出現(xiàn)的人稱代詞或者指示代詞，因?yàn)槲覀冎?，代詞是指代一個(gè)名詞或者一個(gè)句子的，然后通過(guò)代詞在句子中所做的成分我們可以推斷出它指代的句子的類型，這樣可以迅速的確定備選選項(xiàng)?！菊骖}典例】（2023年新高考I卷）Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.____19____Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.4.注意一些特殊疑問(wèn)詞選項(xiàng)中或空前出現(xiàn)特殊疑問(wèn)詞，一定要把這句話仔細(xì)讀幾遍，因?yàn)閷?duì)于不同特殊疑問(wèn)詞的回答方式是不一樣的，比如對(duì)why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的詞，對(duì)when的回答，后面要有表時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，對(duì)where的回答，后面要有表地點(diǎn)的名詞，對(duì)how的回答，后面要有方式狀語(yǔ)等。注意選項(xiàng)和設(shè)空處是否為完整的句子有時(shí)選項(xiàng)可能不是一個(gè)完整的句子，這樣子可以在選項(xiàng)中圈定一些從句如if,when等開(kāi)頭的選項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合文章設(shè)空處前后的關(guān)聯(lián)即可迅速判定正確選項(xiàng)。二利用邏輯關(guān)系連詞可以表現(xiàn)句子與句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，通過(guò)不同的連詞我們可以推知句子與句子之間不同的關(guān)系。如一些表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外還有一些表示并列關(guān)系的連詞如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ontheonehand....ontheotherhand等。并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系是指后一句對(duì)前一句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),next/then,finally/last,firstofall,foronething,foranotherthing,some...others...,tobeginwith,toconclude等；常見(jiàn)的表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,notonly...butalso...等。【真題典例】(2021全年國(guó)甲卷)●Invite5－10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.Lesspeoplethanthat,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●18.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.G．Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系是指后一句對(duì)前一句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有but,however,nevertheless,still,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,instead,onthecontrary,incontrast,incomparison,bycomparison等?！菊骖}典例】(2019年全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.36Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.E．Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系是指后一句為前一句的結(jié)果(有時(shí)也為原因)。常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有so,therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat,resultin/from,leadto,dueto,thanksto,owingto等?！菊骖}典例】(2020年浙江高考)MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.34Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特點(diǎn))othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.F．Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.例證關(guān)系例證關(guān)系是前后句的某句是為了證明或解釋另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過(guò)程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和推理(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords,thatis(tosay)等。【真題典例】(2021年浙江高考)“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.35Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing，”Paulosays.B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.知識(shí)點(diǎn)三段尾題命題規(guī)律：段尾設(shè)空的題多為總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，偶有起承上啟下的作用。即要么是結(jié)論句，要么就是承上啟下句。題型和考查角度：結(jié)論句：用于總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，常含有總結(jié)性的詞語(yǔ)。承上啟下句：此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來(lái)?？偨Y(jié)概括句解題策略：1.做題時(shí)一要注意設(shè)空的前一句或前兩三句；2.要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)的詞語(yǔ)如thus,therefore,hence,so,asaresult,inaword,inshort,toconclude,tosumup等；承上啟下(過(guò)渡)句解題策略：1.在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)要考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭是否有銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段的開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否能緊密聯(lián)系起來(lái)。2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能連貫起來(lái)。3.通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。4.與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折、排比、并列、遞進(jìn)等關(guān)系。根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，【典例】(2023屆福建省高三聯(lián)合測(cè)評(píng)試題)●Sende-mailsinsteadoftraditionalmail.Traditional,postedmailsrequirealotofpaper.Therearealsosomeotherdisadvantagestotraditionalmail.E-mailshaveafewadvantages,includingbeingdeliveredmuchquickerthantraditionalmail,theabilitytobesenttoonepersonoralargergroup,andbeingabletosendthematanytime.A．TakingcareoftheEarthiseveryone’sjob.B．Youcouldusenoteapporwordprocessortodothis.C．Usingoldnewspapersisagreat,eco-friendlywaytowrapgifts.D．Youcouldalsotextorcallsomeoneasopposedtosendingtraditionalmail.E．Thebackofapieceofpapercanbeusedforthingslikedraftsorothernotes.F．Ittakesalotlessenergytorecyclepaperthantomakesomefromrawmaterial.G．Traditionalmailisperhapsoneofthemostexcitingwaystohearfromsomeone.考向一段首句（2023屆遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市二中模擬試題）___It’seasytogiveinwhenyourchildrenarelosingtheirtempers.Buteachtimeyougivethemwhattheywant,youteachyourchildrenthattheirunacceptableactsareaneffectivewaytogettheirneedsmet.Ifyouwanttoraisementallystrongkids,sticktoyourlimits.A．GivingintomisbehaviorB．KeepingtoyourprinciplesC．TeachthemnottogiveupdreamseasilyD．KidstendtohaveawidevarietyofemotionsE．Therefore,setlimitsonwhatyougiveyourchildrenF．Youmaythinkit’scutetospendmoremoneyonyourchildrenG．Theyarealsomorelikelytostrugglewithself-confidenceissues考向二段中句（2023屆吉林省長(zhǎng)春吉大附中實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校模擬試題）Don’twatchorreadscarycontentbeforebed.Images-fromanyexcitingordisturbingcontentyouwatchbeforebedcanappearinyourdreams.

164Readingthenewsmediaandthenhoppingintobedismorelikelytogiverisetoupsettingdreamsthanlookingthroughpicturesfromyourlastvacationwithyourfamily.A．Useawhitenoisemachine.B．Practicestress-relievingactivities.C．Ahealthysleeproutinebegetssoundsleep.D．Instead,tryherbalteasandotherdrinksaidingsleep.E．Howcanwereducenightmaresandimproveoursleep?F．Duringthepandemic,evenoureverydaylivesarelookingprettyscary,too.G．Dreamsandrapideyemovementsleepisessentialformemoryimprovement.考向三段尾句（2023屆遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市二中模擬試題）ExpectingPerfectionWhilehighexpectationsaregoodforkids,settingthegoaltoohighislikelytogettheoppositeeffect.Whetheryouexpecttoomuchfromyourchildonthesportsfield,oryouracademicexpectationsareunreasonable,kidswhofeeltheycan’tsucceedarelikelytostoptrying..A．GivingintomisbehaviorB．KeepingtoyourprinciplesC．TeachthemnottogiveupdreamseasilyD．KidstendtohaveawidevarietyofemotionsE．Therefore,setlimitsonwhatyougiveyourchildrenF．Youmaythinkit’scutetospendmoremoneyonyourchildrenG．Theyarealsomorelikelytostrugglewithself-confidenceissues（2023年新高考I卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.____16____Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis....Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”____17____Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.（2023年新高考II卷）·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.___17___·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.___18___Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.AGetoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.

?第19講七選五（講義）【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握七選五命題規(guī)律掌握段首句解題策略掌握段中句解題策略并熟知邏輯關(guān)系詞掌握段位句解題策略【考情分析】七選五題型詞數(shù)300左右(正文詞數(shù)200左右，選項(xiàng)詞數(shù)100左右)。選材多是社會(huì)生活和文化科技方面；具有貼近生活、新穎、體現(xiàn)正能量、時(shí)代性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)。文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、邏輯嚴(yán)密、層次分明，突出對(duì)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的整體理解，側(cè)重考查學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力。設(shè)空題型包括短中、段首、段尾題，其中段中題是考查的重難點(diǎn)。段首和段尾為輔。七個(gè)選項(xiàng)意義都與文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)，兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)。年份卷別段首題及題號(hào)段中題及題號(hào)段尾題及題號(hào)2023新高考I卷04個(gè)；36/37/39/40題1個(gè)；38題2023新高考II卷1個(gè)；39題3個(gè)；36/38/40題1個(gè)；37題2022新高考I卷04個(gè)；36/37/38/39題1個(gè)；39題2022新高考II卷1個(gè)；36題4個(gè)；37/38/39/40題02021新高考I卷1個(gè)；39題4個(gè)；36/37/38/40題02021新高考II卷1個(gè)；38題3個(gè)；37/39/40題1個(gè)；36題【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】知識(shí)點(diǎn)一段首題命題規(guī)律：段首題具有鮮明的語(yǔ)言特征，要么是段落標(biāo)題句(主旨句)，要么就是段落主題句，七選五解題時(shí)可采用先易后難的原則，而段首的這兩種題型即可作為七選五解題的突破口。題型和考查角度：1.段落小標(biāo)題：概括段落大意，特征突出，短小且語(yǔ)言精煉2.段落主題句：段落主旨概括性，與其它段落承上啟下一段落小標(biāo)題解題策略：1.觀察其它段落標(biāo)題的形式。閱讀段落內(nèi)容，提煉段落中心詞、高頻詞和中心詞的近義詞。選項(xiàng)特征：1.其形式應(yīng)和其他小標(biāo)題相同。選項(xiàng)語(yǔ)言短小精煉。3.多為名詞詞組、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或祈使向。二段落主題句主題句分兩種類型。設(shè)空處在段首通常為主旨概括句，有時(shí)也可能為承上啟下(過(guò)渡)句。如果設(shè)空處位于段首，要瞻前顧后找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與之銜接，并結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。1.主旨概括句解題策略：認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，段落的第一、二句是關(guān)鍵信息，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句，有時(shí)也要參考最后一句，因?yàn)槎温渲谐＿\(yùn)用首尾呼應(yīng)的原則，根據(jù)尾句進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。選項(xiàng)特征：準(zhǔn)確概括段落大意，避免以偏概全或偏離主題2.承上啟下(過(guò)渡)句在段首設(shè)空的題有時(shí)也可能起承上啟下的作用，此時(shí)既要熟悉上一段內(nèi)容，又要去結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容。解題策略：做題時(shí)要聯(lián)系上下文，把握邏輯關(guān)系，分析所選答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)特征：過(guò)渡句與段落主旨相關(guān)，且與上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。【真題典例】（2023年新高考II卷）·___19___Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.AGetoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.【答案】19.D【解析】設(shè)空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.(尋求并接受有建設(shè)性的反饋對(duì)于你的成長(zhǎng)非常重要。我在社交媒體上發(fā)布我的作品，并因此結(jié)識(shí)了一些最友好的人。無(wú)論我的藝術(shù)水平如何，他們都讓我感到受到了重視和尊重)”可知，本段主要講述了是分享自己的作品，所以D項(xiàng)“Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.(如果你感覺(jué)舒適的話，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故選D項(xiàng)。知識(shí)點(diǎn)二段中題命題規(guī)律：段中設(shè)空的題目即為主題句的展開(kāi)句。此種題要注意分析前后的邏輯性和內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意句子之間的銜接手法，如代詞、邏輯連接詞等。做題時(shí)，首先要依據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息將選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行排除，然后將剩下的可能答案逐一代入，達(dá)到選項(xiàng)和設(shè)空處的前后內(nèi)容達(dá)到語(yǔ)意連貫及邏輯通順，最終確定最佳選項(xiàng)。解題策略：利用結(jié)構(gòu)或暗示利用邏輯關(guān)系一利用結(jié)構(gòu)或暗示設(shè)空位于段中，首先閱讀選項(xiàng)并畫出關(guān)鍵詞；然后重點(diǎn)閱讀設(shè)空處的前一句和后一句，畫出關(guān)鍵詞，找出它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系或根據(jù)意義的連貫性得出答案；1.先看選項(xiàng)七選五的選項(xiàng)較少，并且給出的都是句子。可以通過(guò)句子的完整性或者句子后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)先判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過(guò)閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其它選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。2.再看空前空后由于七選五空出的是整個(gè)句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，可以通過(guò)選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來(lái)確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。3.注意代詞或定冠詞一定要注意句子中出現(xiàn)的人稱代詞或者指示代詞，因?yàn)槲覀冎?，代詞是指代一個(gè)名詞或者一個(gè)句子的，然后通過(guò)代詞在句子中所做的成分我們可以推斷出它指代的句子的類型，這樣可以迅速的確定備選選項(xiàng)。【真題典例】（2023年新高考I卷）Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.____19____Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【答案】19.C【解析】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(這樣，你們就可以交換意見(jiàn)，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€(gè)人都與眾不同，以及你們個(gè)性中閃光的方面。)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會(huì)使得你和朋友們一起交換意見(jiàn)等。選項(xiàng)C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習(xí)。)”符合語(yǔ)境，C項(xiàng)中的“they”與空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)C和下文“Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.(事實(shí)上，不要等到你犯了錯(cuò)誤才去嘗試這個(gè)——這是一個(gè)在任何時(shí)候都能增強(qiáng)自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故選C。4.注意一些特殊疑問(wèn)詞選項(xiàng)中或空前出現(xiàn)特殊疑問(wèn)詞，一定要把這句話仔細(xì)讀幾遍，因?yàn)閷?duì)于不同特殊疑問(wèn)詞的回答方式是不一樣的，比如對(duì)why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的詞，對(duì)when的回答，后面要有表時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，對(duì)where的回答，后面要有表地點(diǎn)的名詞，對(duì)how的回答，后面要有方式狀語(yǔ)等。注意選項(xiàng)和設(shè)空處是否為完整的句子有時(shí)選項(xiàng)可能不是一個(gè)完整的句子，這樣子可以在選項(xiàng)中圈定一些從句如if,when等開(kāi)頭的選項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合文章設(shè)空處前后的關(guān)聯(lián)即可迅速判定正確選項(xiàng)。二利用邏輯關(guān)系連詞可以表現(xiàn)句子與句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，通過(guò)不同的連詞我們可以推知句子與句子之間不同的關(guān)系。如一些表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外還有一些表示并列關(guān)系的連詞如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ontheonehand....ontheotherhand等。并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系是指后一句對(duì)前一句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),next/then,finally/last,firstofall,foronething,foranotherthing,some...others...,tobeginwith,toconclude等；常見(jiàn)的表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,notonly...butalso...等?！菊骖}典例】(2021全年國(guó)甲卷)●Invite5－10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.Lesspeoplethanthat,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●18.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.G．Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition【答案】G【解析】下文“Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir‘new’clotheshome.(他們還應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備大量的可重復(fù)使用的袋子，把他們的‘新’衣服帶回家。)”說(shuō)明去的時(shí)候應(yīng)該為交換所得的“新衣服”準(zhǔn)備袋子。G項(xiàng)(告訴每個(gè)人帶來(lái)品相完好的衣服)說(shuō)明去參加衣物交換的時(shí)候應(yīng)該帶完好的衣服，G項(xiàng)中的“bring”和下文中的“carry”相呼應(yīng)，都是為交換衣物所做的準(zhǔn)備。下文中的“also”也是提示詞，其中“They”指代G項(xiàng)的“everyone”。故選G。轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系是指后一句對(duì)前一句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有but,however,nevertheless,still,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,instead,onthecontrary,incontrast,incomparison,bycomparison等。【真題典例】(2019年全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.36Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.E．Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?【答案】E【解析】設(shè)空上一句的句意為：我們都是聽(tīng)著人們說(shuō)的“出去呼吸點(diǎn)兒新鮮空氣”長(zhǎng)大的，設(shè)空下一句表示答案是肯定的。設(shè)空處應(yīng)是針對(duì)去戶外呼吸新鮮空氣是否真有好處的一個(gè)問(wèn)句。由此可知，E項(xiàng)(但是新鮮空氣真的像你媽媽總說(shuō)的那樣對(duì)你有好處嗎？)與前一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，邏輯合理。故選E。因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系是指后一句為前一句的結(jié)果(有時(shí)也為原因)。常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有so,therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat,resultin/from,leadto,dueto,thanksto,owingto等。【真題典例】(2020年浙江高考)MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.34Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特點(diǎn))othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.F．Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.【答案】F【解析】根據(jù)前句“當(dāng)我的母親看到我的創(chuàng)作時(shí)，她說(shuō)我的設(shè)計(jì)很有創(chuàng)意”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)(于是，我開(kāi)始對(duì)制造東西產(chǎn)生了長(zhǎng)久的興趣。)和前句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，“我”正是在聽(tīng)了母親那句話后才開(kāi)始對(duì)制造東西產(chǎn)生興趣。故選F。例證關(guān)系例證關(guān)系是前后句的某句是為了證明或解釋另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過(guò)程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和推理(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords,thatis(tosay)等?！菊骖}典例】(2021年浙江高考)“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.35Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing，”Paulosays.B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)上文“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.(許多中國(guó)人很少能接觸到英語(yǔ)。)”可知，對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的門檻較高。根據(jù)下文“Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whoactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing(也就是說(shuō)，我們知道很多交換明信片的人，包括中國(guó)人，他們通過(guò)交換明信片提高了英語(yǔ)水平)”可知，寫明信片成為一種練習(xí)英語(yǔ)的渠道。B項(xiàng)(這使得學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)它變得格外困難。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。知識(shí)點(diǎn)三段尾題命題規(guī)律：段尾設(shè)空的題多為總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，偶有起承上啟下的作用。即要么是結(jié)論句，要么就是承上啟下句。題型和考查角度：結(jié)論句：用于總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，常含有總結(jié)性的詞語(yǔ)。承上啟下句：此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來(lái)?？偨Y(jié)概括句解題策略：1.做題時(shí)一要注意設(shè)空的前一句或前兩三句；2.要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)的詞語(yǔ)如thus,therefore,hence,so,asaresult,inaword,inshort,toconclude,tosumup等；承上啟下(過(guò)渡)句解題策略：1.在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)要考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭是否有銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段的開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否能緊密聯(lián)系起來(lái)。2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能連貫起來(lái)。3.通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。4.與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折、排比、并列、遞進(jìn)等關(guān)系。根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，【典例】(2023屆福建省高三聯(lián)合測(cè)評(píng)試題)●Sende-mailsinsteadoftraditionalmail.Traditional,postedmailsrequirealotofpaper.Therearealsosomeotherdisadvantagestotraditionalmail.E-mailshaveafewadvantages,includingbeingdeliveredmuchquickerthantraditionalmail,theabilitytobesenttoonepersonoralargergroup,andbeingabletosendthematanytime.A．TakingcareoftheEarthiseveryone’sjob.B．Youcouldusenoteapporwordprocessortodothis.C．Usingoldnewspapersisagreat,eco-friendlywaytowrapgifts.D．Youcouldalsotextorcallsomeoneasopposedtosendingtraditionalmail.E．Thebackofapieceofpapercanbeusedforthingslikedraftsorothernotes.F．Ittakesalotlessenergytorecyclepaperthantomakesomefromrawmaterial.G．Traditionalmailisperhapsoneofthemostexcitingwaystohearfromsomeone.【答案】D【解析】本段的標(biāo)題是“Sende-mailsinsteadoftraditionalmail.(用電子郵件代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)信件。)”可知，根據(jù)D項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞“traditionalmail”提示，D項(xiàng)：Youcouldalsotextorcallsomeoneasopposedtosendingtraditionalmail.(你也可以發(fā)短信或打電話，而不是發(fā)送傳統(tǒng)的郵件。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?？枷蛞欢问拙洌?023屆遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市二中模擬試題）___It’seasytogiveinwhenyourchildrenarelosingtheirtempers.Buteachtimeyougivethemwhattheywant,youteachyourchildrenthattheirunacceptableactsareaneffectivewaytogettheirneedsmet.Ifyouwanttoraisementallystrongkids,sticktoyourlimits.A．GivingintomisbehaviorB．KeepingtoyourprinciplesC．TeachthemnottogiveupdreamseasilyD．KidstendtohaveawidevarietyofemotionsE．Therefore,setlimitsonwhatyougiveyourchildrenF．Youmaythinkit’scutetospendmoremoneyonyourchildrenG．Theyarealsomorelikelytostrugglewithself-confidenceissues【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)下文“It’seasytogiveinwhenyourchildrenarelosingtheirtempers.Buteachtimeyougivethemwhattheywant,youteachyourchildrenthattheirunacceptableactsareaneffectivewaytogettheirneedsmet.Ifyouwanttoraisementallystrongkids,sticktoyourlimits.(當(dāng)你的孩子發(fā)脾氣時(shí)，你很容易屈服。但每次你給他們想要的東西，你都會(huì)教育你的孩子，他們不可接受的行為是滿足他們需求的有效途徑。如果你想培養(yǎng)心智健全的孩子，就要堅(jiān)持自己的極限)”可知，這里指出父母向孩子的要求屈服的不當(dāng)做法。選項(xiàng)A“向不當(dāng)行為屈服”和下文意思一致。故選A?？枷蚨沃芯洌?023屆吉林省長(zhǎng)春吉大附中實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校模擬試題）Don’twatchorreadscarycontentbeforebed.Images-fromanyexcitingordisturbingcontentyouwatchbeforebedcanappearinyourdreams.

164Readingthenewsmediaandthenhoppingintobedismorelikelytogiverisetoupsettingdreamsthanlookingthroughpicturesfromyourlastvacationwithyourfamily.A．Useawhitenoisemachine.B．Practicestress-relievingactivities.C．Ahealthysleeproutinebegetssoundsleep.D．Instead,tryherbalteasandotherdrinksaidingsleep.E．Howcanwereducenightmaresandimproveoursleep?F．Duringthepandemic,evenoureverydaylivesarelookingprettyscary,too.G．Dreamsandrapideyemovementsleepisessentialformemoryimprovement.【答案】F【解析】根據(jù)上文提示“Images-fromanyexcitingordisturbingcontentyouwatchbeforebedcanappearinyourdreams.”（睡前觀看的任何令人興奮或不安的內(nèi)容都會(huì)出現(xiàn)在你的夢(mèng)中。）可知，睡覺(jué)前看那些好的或不好的消息都會(huì)出現(xiàn)在你的夢(mèng)中，再根據(jù)下文提示“Readingthenewsmediaandthenhoppingintobedismorelikelytogiverisetoupsettingdreamsthanlookingthroughpicturesfromyourlastvacationwithyourfamily.”（閱讀新聞媒體，然后跳到床上，比瀏覽上次和家人度假的照片更容易引發(fā)令人不安的夢(mèng)。）可知，閱讀這些新聞使你不安，這說(shuō)明閱讀的新聞是不好的消息，由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Duringthepandemic,evenoureverydaylivesarelookingprettyscary,too.”（在大流行病期間，甚至我們的日常生活看起來(lái)也相當(dāng)可怕。）符合，引起下文，新聞媒體播放的那些消息正是疫情期間那些人們可怕的生活，即下文“thenewsmedia”內(nèi)容指的是“evenoureverydaylivesarelookingprettyscary”。故選F?？枷蛉挝簿洌?023屆遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市二中模擬試題）ExpectingPerfectionWhilehighexpectationsaregoodforkids,settingthegoaltoohighislikelytogettheoppositeeffect.Whetheryouexpecttoomuchfromyourchildonthesportsfield,oryouracademicexpectationsareunreasonable,kidswhofeeltheycan’tsucceedarelikelytostoptrying..A．GivingintomisbehaviorB．KeepingtoyourprinciplesC．TeachthemnottogiveupdreamseasilyD．KidstendtohaveawidevarietyofemotionsE．Therefore,setlimitsonwhatyougiveyourchildrenF．Youmaythinkit’scutetospendmoremoneyonyourchildrenG．Theyarealsomorelikelytostrugglewithself-confidenceissues【答案】G【解析】根據(jù)上文“Whilehighexpectationsaregoodforkids,settingthegoaltoohighislikelytogettheoppositeeffect.Whetheryouexpecttoomuchfromyourchildonthesportsfield,oryouracademicexpectationsareunreasonable,kidswhofeeltheycan’tsucceedarelikelytostoptrying.(雖然高期望值對(duì)孩子有好處，但設(shè)定過(guò)高的目標(biāo)可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的效果。無(wú)論你對(duì)孩子在運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上的期望過(guò)高，還是對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)的期望不合理，那些覺(jué)得自己無(wú)法成功的孩子都可能停止嘗試)”可知，這里提出對(duì)孩子期望值太高的壞處。選項(xiàng)G“他們也更有可能與自信問(wèn)題作斗爭(zhēng)”和上文意思一致。故選G。（2023年新高考I卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.____16____Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis....Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”____17____Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymight