北師大版高三英語一輪復習選擇性必修第三冊UNIT9 HUMAN BIOLOGY課件

第一部分教材知識講練選擇性必修第三冊UNIT9

HUMANBIOLOGY續(xù)寫語料積累背誦·句之美欣賞·語之秀1．(心理描寫)(2024·廣州市綜合測試)Withtheboxinhand，IcouldfeelmyheartpoundingwhenringingSusan'sdoorbell．2．(神態(tài)描寫)(2024·浙江省十校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)Whensherealizedwhathadhappened，shelaughedherheadoff．3．(背景描寫)(2024·南京市達標訓練)Ablazingsunwasrisingovertheblueocean，andtheskywas

cloudless．(2024·大連市雙基測試)Whileslowlylookingthroughthescreenwithherfingertipandreadingeachcomment，shewassomovedthattearsstreameddownhercheeks．Andduringthewholedaytheywerebathedintheneighbor'skindnessandwarmth．語基

自主檢測·目標確立核心單詞語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1．_______vt．證明……有道理，為……辯護2．________vi．&vt．革新，創(chuàng)新，改革3．____________adv．人為地，虛假地4．____________adj．繁殖的，生殖的5．_______n．障礙，壁壘6．_______adj．至關重要的，關鍵性的7．_____adj．很有可能，肯定會8．_____vt．濫用，妄用；虐待

n．濫用；虐待9．_______vt．包含，容納，裝盛10．_________n．變化物，變體；差異，變動11．____________n．現(xiàn)象12．________vt．估計，估算13．____vt．埋葬，安葬；埋藏14．_________vt．計算，核算15．____________adv．象征地，象征性地1．Theobjectoftheseexperimentswastofindtheconnection，ifany，betweenthetwo___________(phenomenon)．2．Ithinkyouhavemadeanerrorin___________(calculate)thetotal．3．It____________(estimate)thatthemeetingwilllastfourdays．4．Shealwayshasherhead______(bury)inabook．5．Theseman-made________(barrier)willensureaveryhighdegreeofprotection．6．Hersuccesshad_________(justify)thefaithherteachershadputinher．7．Helookedatmeforamoment，andthenwroteasentence__________(contain)thebestadviceI'veeverhad．8．You'vedonesomuchwork—you'rebound_______(pass)theexam．justifyinnovateartificiallyreproductivebarriercrucialboundabusecontainvariationphenomenonestimateburycalculatesymbolicallyphenomenacalculatingisestimatedburiedbarriersjustifiedcontainingtopass派生單詞語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1．comparevi．&vt．比較→__________n．比較2．a(chǎn)ccurateadj．準確的，正確的→________n．準確(性)→__________adv．準確地；精確地3．locatevi．&vt．找出……的準確位置→_______adj．位于；坐落在→________n．位置；地點4．opposevi．&vt．抵制，反對；抗爭→_______adj．與某事物相反；反對某事物，不贊成某事物→__________n．抵制，反對5．depressvt．使沮喪；使蕭條→_________adj．沮喪的→__________adj．令人沮喪的，讓人憂愁的→__________n．沮喪；蕭條6．classifyvt．將……分類；把……歸入一類→______________n．歸類，分類，分級7．identifyvt．確定，發(fā)現(xiàn)；認出，識別→_______________n．確定，發(fā)現(xiàn)1．________withthatcomputer，thisoneisbetter．Butintermsofprice，thereisno__________．(compare)2．Thevillageis_______onthebankoftheYellowRiverandits________makesitveryattractive．(locate)3．Thestudentslivingfarawayfromtheschoolwerestrongly__________totheplan．Their_________preventedtheplanfrombeingcarriedout．(oppose)4．Itisdifficulttoworkoutthebills__________，sothereisneedtocheckthe________ofthesefigures．(accurate)5．Hiswholeexperiencewasvery__________，whichmadehisparentsmore_________．(depress)comparisonaccuracyaccuratelylocatedlocationopposedoppositiondepresseddepressingdepressionclassificationidentificationComparedcomparisonlocatedlocationopposedoppositionaccuratelyaccuracydepressingdepressed高頻短語語境運用(選用左欄中短語的適當形式填空)1．_________________與……相比2．____________致力于3．__________度過，熬過(困難或不快的時期等)4．_____多達5．________克服；從(不快或疾病中)恢復過來；熬過6．____________找出，提出，想出7．___________一定會8．___________削減，減少9．_____________被看作10．___________對……來說至關重要11．______________被歸類為……12．_____________(表示對比)而，相對于13．______________在……過程中14．________導致，引起15．_________由……組成16．____________有……的能力1．________________metal，plasticshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages．2．Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyou____________achieveyourdream．3．Wemadeadonationof120，000yuantoyou，expectingitcanhelpyou____________________thedifficulties．4．Legoisconsideringabrick(積木)rentalplaninanattemptto___________plasticwaste．5．Youmustbeabletostandforaperiodoftime_____eighthoursofwork．6．Toomuchanxietycan_________sleeplessnessandlossofappetite．7．Atthemeeting，he____________anewsuggestiontosolvetheproblem．8．Theendresultisanincreaseincost_____________areductionincost．incomparisonwithbedevotedtogetthroughuptogetovercomeupwithbeboundtocutdownonbetreatedasbecrucialforbeclassifiedasasopposedtointhecourseofresultinconsistofbecapableofIncomparisonwithareboundtogetthrough/getovercutdownonuptoresultincameupwithasopposedto原句結構辨識寫作佳句背誦1．way后面跟定語從句Theycanbecausedbyseveraldifferentfactors，suchasavirusbeingcarriedintoanarea，orchangesinthewaypeoplelive...我不認為你跟你媽媽說話的方式是合適的。Idon'tthink______________________________isappropriate．(應用文之建議信)2．動詞-ing形式短語作結果狀語Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea'spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire．戰(zhàn)爭中那位母親去世了，留下了三個孤兒。Themotherdiedinthewar，_________________．(續(xù)寫之情節(jié)描寫)thewayyouspeaktoyourmotherleavingthreeorphans考點

歸納探究·精準講練①He'squitecapable__lyingtogetoutoftrouble．②Hewasfoundlyingintheroad，drunkand_________(capable)．1．capability

n．[課本義](完成困難事情的)能力，才能[增補義](國家的)軍事力量ofincapable◎havethecapabilitytodosth．/ofdoingsth．有做某事的能力◎capableadj．有能力的；足以勝任的◎becapableof有能力……◎incapableadj．沒有能力(做某事)；不能自理的havethecapabilityofbecominganexcellentteacher有能力成為一名出色的教師外國學生學習漢語的主要目的是能夠用漢語進行交流。ThemainpurposeofforeignstudentslearningChineseis___________________________________．(capable)tobecapableofcommunicatinginChinese①Allthe____________(participate)inthecompetitionshallgetvariousprizes，dependingontheirperformances．②Abackinjurypreventedactive_____________(participate)inanysportsforawhile．2．participant

n．參加者，參與者participantsparticipation◎participatevi．參加◎participatein參加◎participatein(doing)sth．withsb．同某人一起參加(做)某事◎participationn．參加，參與◎beanactiveparticipant成為積極的參與者◎participateinthediscussionactively積極參與這次討論我們鼓勵學生參與學院的管理。_______________________________therunningofthecollege．Weencouragestudentstoparticipatein①Thenewbridgeisalmostidentical__theoldone．②Thenameontheticketshouldbeidentical____theoneinthepassport．3．identical

adj．完全相同的，非常相似的towith◎beidenticalto和……一致◎identicalwithsb．/sth．和……相同◎identicallyadv．同一地；相等地◎arowofidenticalhouses一排完全相同的房子◎adressalmostidenticaltomine一條和我的幾乎一模一樣的連衣裙書的封面上有一只小獵犬，看起來和我的狗一模一樣。Thereonthebook'scoverwasabeagle____________________________．whichlookedidenticaltomydog①When_________(compare)differentcultures，weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities．②Ateacherisoftencompared__acandle．That'sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkis______________compare．4．comparison

n．[課本義]比較[增補義]對比，相比comparingtobeyond/without◎bycomparison比較起來；相比之下◎incomparison(withsb．/sth．)(與……)相比較◎comparev．比較；對比◎(be)comparedto/with...和……相比◎compare...to...把……比作……◎compare...with...把……和……比較◎without/beyondcompare無與倫比(compare用作名詞)◎makeacomparisonwithotherbooks和其他書相比◎comparesleeptodeath將睡眠比作死亡與西方音樂相比，我更喜歡東方音樂，因為它要柔和得多。______________________________，Iprefereasternmusic，becauseitismuchsofter．(compare)Comparedto/withwesternmusic①Mymotherisstronglyopposedtomyfathertreatingme__junkfood．②Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnature__abrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople．③Allofthepatientswereunder_________(treat)forchronicdepression．5．treatment

n．診療，治療，療法；對待方式toastreatment◎undertreatment在治療中◎treatvt．&vi．治療；對待；款待

n．款待；招待◎treat...as/like...把……看作……；把……視為……◎treatsb．to...用……招待/款待某人◎receivetreatmentforshock接受休克治療◎treatpeoplewithrespect對人尊敬◎treathimtolunch請他吃午飯瑪麗因被當作小孩對待而生氣。Marywasangryat________________________．beingtreatedlike/asachild①Theclassexperimentthatdaywastoshowhowheatinga_________(contain)ofwaterwouldbringairbubblingtothesurface．②Whentakinguptheprize，theyoungparticipantcouldn'tcontain_______(him)forjoy，grinningfromeartoear．6．contain

vt．[課本義]包含，容納，裝盛[增補義]克制；抑制(感情等)；防止……蔓延(或惡化)containerhimself◎containone'sanger/disappointment/curiosity/feelings克制某人的憤怒/失望/好奇/情感◎containoneself控制自己；自制◎containern．容器；集裝箱；貨柜◎can'tcontainoneself無法克制自己◎unabletocontainheranger無法克制她的憤怒◎hardlycontainmycuriosity幾乎無法克制我的好奇心他忍不住生氣，轉過身來，憤怒地咆哮道：“到底是誰干的？”_________________________，heturnedaroundandroaredangrily，“Whoonearthdidit？”Unabletocontainhisanger①Whatistheexact________(locate)oftheship?②_______(locate)inthecentraldistrict，theXi'anHoteloffersthebestservicewiththelowestprice．7．locate

vi．&vt．找出……的準確位置locationLocated◎locatedadj．位于◎belocatedin＝besituatedin位于；坐落于◎locationn．位置；地點◎belargelylocatedinthedesert大部分位于沙漠中◎findaconvenientlocationforthesebookshelves找一個合適的地方放這些書架◎belocatedinabeautifulandquietspotneartheriver坐落在河邊一個環(huán)境優(yōu)美、僻靜的地方廈門大學坐落在美麗的海島上，環(huán)境優(yōu)美，景色迷人。XiamenUniversity，___________________________，hasawonderfulenvironmentandcharmingscenery．locatedonabeautifulisland①However，manyparentsoppose__________(separate)studentsintoscienceandart．②Somestudentsare_______(oppose)tothedecisionandthinkthatitwilllimittheirfreedom．8．opposed

adj．與某事物相反；反對某事物，不贊成某事物separatingopposed◎beopposedto(doing)sth．反對(做)某事◎opposevt．反對；抵制；阻撓◎oppose(doing)sth．反對(做)某事◎oppositionn．反對；對立◎remainfundamentallyopposedtotheplan依然從根本上反對這項計劃◎stronglyopposehergoingtherealone極力反對她獨自去那個地方由于我所有的朋友都反對我的計劃，我忍不住傷心地抽泣起來。_________________________________，Icouldn'tresistsobbingsadly．Withallofmyfriendsopposedtomyplan①Thephysicistwaswholly______(bury)incalculatingaproblemsoheforgothislunch．②_______(bury)hisfaceinhishands，thereportertriedtocontrolhisweeping．9．bury

vt．[課本義]埋葬，安葬；埋藏[增補義]使陷入；覆蓋；隱藏buriedBurying◎bury...in...把……埋到……；使……沉浸于……◎buryoneselfin(doing)...埋頭于/專心于……◎beburiedin專心于◎burytheoldworldandbuildanewone忘卻曾經(jīng)，締造未來◎buryhisheadinhisnewspaper專心致志地看他的報紙她埋頭讀書，不知道外面在下雪。__________________________________________，shewasnotawareitwassnowingoutside．Buriedinherbooks/Buryingherselfinherbooks①Howwouldtheyget____thatproblem，hewondered?②Onceyouwanttodosomething，youmustgetdownto_____(do)itwell．10．getthrough

度過，熬過(困難或不快的時期等)；接通電話；通過考試overdoing◎get...across使……被理解◎getalong/onwith進展；與……相處◎getdownto(doing)sth．開始認真做某事◎getover克服；從(不快或疾病中)恢復過來；熬過◎getthroughthewinter熬過這個冬天◎getthroughtoher接通她的電話◎getthroughanentranceexamination通過入學考試微笑可以幫助我們渡過難關，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。Asmilecanhelpus_________________________andfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers．getthroughdifficultsituations①Thefireresulted__elevenpeoplebeingkilledandthedestructionofthefactory．②Hisillnessmainlyresulted____eatingbadfood．③Hewasinjuredas_resultofatrafficaccident．11．resultin

導致，引起infroma◎resultfrom意為“由于……而造成后果”，后接導致某事的原因；resultin意為“引起；導致”，后接導致某事的結果?！騛saresult意為“結果，因此”，后面跟句子；asaresultof...意為“因為；由于；作為……的結果”，后面跟名詞或代詞?！騬esultinexcellentgrades取得優(yōu)異成績◎injuriesresultingfromafall因摔倒而受的傷他的勤奮終使他成功。①Hardwork_________hissuccess．②Hissuccess___________hardwork．resultedinresultedfrom①Theway___________cameupatthemeetingwasunpractical．②Andyoushouldkeepitinmindthatcomparingnoteswithyourclassmatesfrequentlyisagoodway__________(improve)yourstudy．12．[教材原句]Theycanbecausedbyseveraldifferentfactors，suchasavirusbeingcarriedintoanarea，orchangesinthewaypeoplelive...它們可能由不同因素引起，例如病毒被帶入某個地區(qū)，或者由于人們生活方式的改變……that/whichtoimprove◎way后跟定語從句時，關系代詞用that/which，作賓語時可以省略；需要關系副詞時用that/inwhich或省略?！騱ay表示“方式；方法”時，其后可以跟不定式或ofdoingsth．的形式。ThefirstthingIwouldsayisthatthewayyoubegintheconversationisveryimportant．我要說的第一件事就是，你開始談話的方式非常重要。你能告訴我你是怎么解決這個問題的嗎？Canyoutellmetheway______________________________？(inwhich/that)yousolvedtheproblem①Georgereturnedafterthewar，only__________(tell)hiswifehadlefthim．②Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands，_______(leave)therestoftheirbodiesexposed．13．[教材原句]Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea'spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire．現(xiàn)今科學家估計，發(fā)病區(qū)域多達50%的人口死于這一流行病，這成為羅馬帝國衰落的一個主要原因。tobetoldleaving動詞-ing形式短語作狀語表示結果，一般表示意料之中的結果。不定式短語作結果狀語，通常表示事先未曾預料到的情況或結果，有時不定式前用only，以加強“意想不到”的語氣。Iexplainedalottoher，onlytogetthemisunderstandingdeeperanddeeper．我向她解釋了許多，結果卻使誤會變得越來越深。我匆匆趕到車站，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。Irushedtothestationinahurry，_______________________________．onlytofindthetrainhadalreadygone三層

強基固本·達標訓練Ⅰ．用所給詞的正確形式填空。1．Asamatteroffact，BeijingOpera________(contain)thesoulofChinesenationalculture．2．Animalsinthezoohavelostthecapability________(catch)foodforthemselves．3．Shehurriedtotheparty，only_______(find)thattheyhadgone．4．______(bury)inwritingasciencefiction，shedidn'trealizeitbegantorainoutside．5．Cultureisimportantbutby__________(compare)ofmilitaryhistoryit'sboring．6．Manypeopleopposed________(build)anewhighwaybecauseofthegreatcost．7．Shesawonatableanalbum__________(contain)picturesofEdwardatages．8．FontbonneUniversityisaliberalartscollege，_______(locate)inaresidentialsuburbofSt．Louis．containstocatchtofindBuriedcomparisonbuildingcontaininglocatedⅡ．在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~。1．ItstruckmethatIcouldtreatthegirl____anabsorbingdramainreturnforherhelp．2．Ithinkbothsexesareequallycapable__lookingafterchildren．3．ItriedtocallyoulastSundaybutIcouldn'tget_______anyhow．4．Mymotherwasburied__readinganovelwithoutnoticingmecomein．5．Mostcrashesresult____humansandnotmechanicalfaults．toofthroughinfromⅠ．用所給詞的正確形式填空。1．Inspiteoftheicycoldweather，mymotheristhefirst______(get)uptopreparebreakfast．2．Wecanpredictchangeswithasurprisingdegreeof________(accurate)．3．Mothersareoftentheoneswhoprovide_________(emotion)supportforthefamily．4．Iknowthatthisdrafttextwillneed_________________(edit)．5．Theprisonerhascertainly_________(justify)hisclaimsbyhisactions．6．Muchofthemeaningmust___________(infer)fromthecontext．7．Thepolicethinkthevideotapemayholdsomevital_____(clue)totheidentityofthekiller．8．Shedealswithallthe______________(correspond)promptlyandefficiently．togetaccuracyemotionalediting/tobeeditedjustifiedbeinferredcluescorrespondenceⅡ．在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~。1．Isuspecttheso-calledpoet____copyingothers'poemsbutIhavenosolidevidence．2．Hewasarrestedonchargesofcorruptionandabuse____power．3．Youcanhavetheequipment____trial，andifyoudon'tlikeityoucangiveitback．4．Maybealotofpeopledon'tknowthefactthatwhalesareclassified____mammals．5．Shewassuspected__havinglinkswithadissidentgroup．ofofonasofⅠ．熟詞生義(選出黑體詞在句中的漢語意思)1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1，600homesinSouthBurlington．

__A．對待

B．治療

C．(利用化學物質或反應)處理

2．(2022·浙江卷)Unfortunately，betweenusstoodthebarrieroflanguage．

__A．障礙物

B．語言隔閡

C．壁壘CB3．(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Astheygrewmoremobile，weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday，butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom，otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief．

__A．包含 B．容納

C．放置4．(2020·天津卷)HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow？

__A．(為畫像、攝影等)擺姿勢

B．引起C．提問CAⅡ．長難語句(分析句子的結構并將句子翻譯成漢語)1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework，whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked，orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday．化繁為簡

本句是復合句，句子主干是Itmightbethetime。or連接三個________，分別是“whenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework”，“whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked”和“whenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday”，其中“afterthefamilyhadhadatiringday”是________從句。[嘗試翻譯]_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________定語從句時間狀語可能是你幫朋友做作業(yè)的時候，可能是你在沒有人要求的情況下熨衣服的時候，也可能是你在家人累了一天之后烤餅干的時候。2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Morethan30yearsago，thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals，suchas“f”and

“v”，weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods．化繁為簡

本句是復合句，句子主干是thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentalsweremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocieties。其中that引導________，“thatatesofterfoods”是________。[嘗試翻譯]_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________賓語從句定語從句30多年前，學者查爾斯·霍克特指出，被稱為唇齒音的語音，如“f”和“v”，在吃較軟食物的社會的語言中更為常見。3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(對齊)，makingithardtoproducelabiodentals，whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth．化繁為簡

本句是復合句，句子主干是Theydiscoveredthat。discovered后接由that引導的________，makingithardto...upperteeth作________，which引導非限制性定語從句，對先行詞labiodentals做補充說明。[嘗試翻譯]_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________賓語從句結果狀語他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，古代人類成年人的上下門牙是對齊的，因此很難產(chǎn)生唇齒音，而唇齒音是通過將下唇與上牙接觸而形成的。三維

提能培優(yōu)·進階訓練Thereareseveraldifferentfactorsthatcauseanepidemic，whichhasa1．_____(low)baselinethantheflu．Thebirdflu，amodern2．__________(adapt)ofthe1918SpanishFlu，firstappearedin1997，3．_____hastakenmorethanonehundredlives．Inthe1330s，anepidemicbrokeoutinAsia，4．________(know)as“TheBlackDeath”，becauseonevisiblesymptomwasblackspots5．__thebody．TheSpanishFluhappenedin1918．AsaresultofWorldWarⅠ，morepeopleweretravellingandmoving，whichmadeitspreadworldwide，6．_______(kill)upto50millionpeoplein18months．TheSARSepidemicbeganin2002inGuangdongProvinceandthenspreadtoCanada，VietnamandSingapore．About8，000people7．_____________(infect)．TheoutbreakofEVDinWestAfricaresulted8．____11，310deaths．Itwasextremely9．__________(infect)andthesurvivalratewaslow．Governmentsintheworldwantthoroughandsystematicmedicalresearchonepidemics．Countrieswillneedtoworktogether10．________(fight)epidemics．loweradaptationwhichknownonkillingwereinfectedininfectioustofightStep1．要點提示(利用本單元知識補全所給英文句子)①克隆羊多莉是第一只成功克隆的動物。AsheepcalledDollywasthefirst___________________animal．②科學家已經(jīng)克隆了20多種哺乳動物，包括駱駝、牛等。Morethan20mammalspecieshavebeenclonedbyscientists，_______________________________．③2018年，致力于靈長類克隆的中國科學家宣布他們克隆了兩只猴子。In2018，Chinesescientists，who_________________thecloningofprimates，announcedthattheyhadclonedtwomonkeys．successfullyclonedincludingcamels，cattleandsoonweredevotedto④與其他的物種相比，他們之所以如此努力地要突破