福建省福州市山海聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中英語試卷【含答案解析】

山海聯(lián)盟校教學(xué)協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考高一英語分值：150分完卷時間：120分鐘第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanespeciallylikeaboutChongqing?A.Itsclimate. B.Itsscenery. C.Itsfood.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Nancy.DoyouknowChongqinginSoutheastChina?W:Yes.Itislargelybuiltonmountainsandsurroundedbyrivers;thusitisknownasthe“mountaincity”.ManypeoplearedrawntoChongqingbyitsnaturalscenery.M:Yes.ButIpreferitsdeliciousfood.Iespeciallylikeitsspecialspicyhotpot.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】HowwillthespeakersgotothePeople’sPark?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bysubway.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ShallwegotothePeople’sParktoday?M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Wecantakeabusthere.It’sveryconvenient.W:OK.Let’swalkacrossthestreet.Thebusstopisnexttothesubwaystation.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates. B.Motherandson. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:James,youareleavingforyournewschooltomorrow.CanIdosomethingtohelpyoupack?M:PleaseaskDadwheremyoldschoolbackpackis.4.此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Onwhichfloorarechildren’stoys?A.The3rdfloor. B.The4thfloor. C.The5thfloor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Arechildren’sclothesonthe3rdfloor?W:No,theyareonthe4thfloor.Andtherearechildren’stoysonthe5thfloor.Theyareonsalenow.Youcangoandhavealook.M:Thankyou.Iwillgotherelater.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abook. B.Awriter. C.Anorganization.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoureading?M:LoveChinaAllMyLife:IsabelCrook’sStories.ItwaswrittenbyTanKai.ThebookfeaturesIsabelCrook,awomanwhodevotedyearsofherlifetoChina’sEnglishlanguageeducation.W:Oh,I’veheardofit.Itisoneofthe12newlypublishedbooksrecommendedinApril.聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whathappenedtotheboy?A.Hefeltundertheweather.B.Hewaslateforschool.C.Heskippedbreakfast.7.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Cooksomenoodles. B.Callthedoctor. C.Makesometea.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Mom,I’msick.MythroathurtsandIhaveastomachache.CanIstayathomethismorning?W:I’llaskforsickleaveforyou.Maybeyouatesomethingbad.Whatdidyoueatlastnight?M:Justthenoodlesyoucooked.ButIdon’tthinkthereisanyproblemwiththenoodles.DadandEmilyatethemtoo.W:Yeah,nooneelseissick,soit’snotthat.I’llmakeyousometeawithhoneynow.AndthenIwillcallthedoctor.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhoisMike?A.Ann’shusband. B.Ann’scolleague. C.Ann’sroommate.9.WhydoesSusanmakethecall?A.Toarrangeameeting.B.Tofindapart-timejob.C.Togetsomeinformation.10.WhenwillSusanmeettheteachers?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,ABCServiceCompany.ThisisMikespeaking.W:Hello,thisisSusan.MayIspeaktoAnn?M:I’mafraidshe’sontheotherlinenow.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:OK,Iregisteredtohireapart-timeteacherthroughyourcompanylastweek.NowI’mcallingtoknowwhetherthereisanymessageornot?M:Pleasewaitamoment.Letmecheck.W:Allright.M:Er…therearethreeteacherswhocanmeetyourrequirements.Doyouneedustoarrangeameeting?W:Thatwillbegood.IamgoingonabusinesstriponThursdayandFriday,buttheothertimeisavailable.M:ThenhowaboutthisWednesday?W:OK.Thankyouverymuch.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesuite?A.Itisbeautiful. B.Itisexpensive. C.Itiscomfortable.12.Whichisincludedintheprice?A.Breakfast. B.Lunch. C.Supper.13.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisroom?A.$250. B.$500. C.$750.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?M:Iurgentlyneedaroomfortomorrownight.Doyouhaveanyvacancies?W:Yes,wehave.Whatkindofroomwouldyoulike?M:I’dlikeasuitewithanoceanview,please.W:Noproblem,sir.M:Whatisthepriceofthesuite?W:Itis$250pernight.M:Itistoohigh.Iamtoldthatyourhotelisofferingdiscountsnow.W:Theofferendedyesterday.I’msorry.M:Thendoyouhaveanythinglessexpensive?W:Sorry,sir.Sofaritistheleastexpensivesuitefortomorrownight.M:OK.Iwilltakeit.Bytheway,doesthepriceincludebreakfast?W:Yesitdoes.Butyoumustpayforthelunchandsupper.Andhowlongdoyouexpecttostay?M:Threedays.W:OK.Ourcheck-intimeisafter2:00pm.Seeyoutomorrow.M:Thankyou.Seeyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatwillthewomanandherauntdofirstduringtheholiday?A.TravelaroundHollywood. B.GotoPalmSprings. C.Visitafriend.15.WhydoesthewomanwanttodrivetoPalmSprings?A.Tosavetime. B.Toenjoythescenery. C.Tocarrythingseasily.16.Whatistheman’splanforthefirstweek?A.Takingatrip. B.Doingthegardening. C.Havingsomeclasses.17.Howwillthemanlearnswimming?A.Teachhimself. B.Learnfromhisbrother. C.Hireaswimminginstructor.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoudoingintheholiday?W:Well,myauntiscomingtovisitforseveralweeks.M:Whereareyougoing?W:Forthefirstweek,we’rejustgoingtostayinthecity.Shewantstoexplorethecity.I’mgoingtotakehertotheusualplaces,likeHollywoodandallthemoviestudios.Thenafterthat,we’regoingtoPalmSpringsforacoupleofdaysandvisitafriendofminethere.We’redrivingtherebecauseit’ssobeautifulgoingthroughthemountains.M:Soundsgood!W:Whataboutyou?Doyouhaveanyplansforthevacation?M:I’mgoingtostayathomeanddosomegardeningonthefirstweekbecausemyparentswilltakeatrip.I’mgoingtotakeswimmingclassesonthesecondweek.Mybrotherisgoingtoteachme.Heisaswimminginstructor.W:That’sgreat.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Wheredoeskiwifruitoriginallycomefrom?A.China. B.America. C.NewZealand.19.Whenwas“zipper”trademarked?A.In1923. B.In1930. C.In1959.20.Whoisthelargestproducerofzippers?A.AnAmericancompany. B.AJapanesecompany. C.AFrancecompany.【答案】18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:Howdothingsgettheirnames?Thatisnotalwaysaneasyquestiontoanswer.Therearemanydifferentways.Todaylet’slookathowtwothingsgottheirnames.ManypeopleassociatekiwifruitwithNewZealand,butthisfruitisactuallynativetoChina.Chinaisthetopproducerofkiwifruit.AteacherfromNewZealandtookitfromChinain1904.Thenin1959,aNewZealandcompanywantedtoshipthefruitabroad.Theynameditkiwiaftertheirnationalbird.Bythe1970s,everyonewascallingthefruitbythatname.Next,let’stalkaboutzippers.Whatwouldwedowithoutzippers?Thiscleverlittleinventionisusedtofastenmanydifferentthings.Zippersweredevelopedbyseveralpeopleovermanyyearsstartingin1851.Duringthattime,thedevicehadanumberofnames.Finallyin1923,anAmericancompanynameda“zipper”andtrademarkedit.Thewordzippercomesfromthesounditmakeswhenitopensorcloses.However,thecompanylostitstrademarkin1930whenzipperbecamepopularasageneralterm.NowadaysninetypercentofzippersareproducedbyaJapanesecompanycalledYKK.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，20小題；每題2分，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWearecurrentlylookingforresponsibleteenagersandyoungadultstoassistwithSummerCamp.YouthTeachingAssistants(YTA)areaged15andolderandoffersupporttotheinstructors.YTAoptionswillbeavailablefromJune22toAugust21onaweeklybasis.SummerCampmeetsforafive-dayweek,MondaythroughFriday.SummerCampisheldontheNationalMallintheS.DillonRipleyCenter,unlessotherwisestated.ServingasaYTAprovidesanoutstandingwayforteenstobeinvolvedwithanationalorganization.AssistingaprofessionalInstructor,YTAsareintroducedtotheworldofteaching.ThewiderangeofprogramsoffersYTAstheopportunitytoexperienceandlearnaboutsubjectssuchasart,science,ortheater.YTAsearncommunityservicecreditsandalsohaveaninterestingexperiencetoaddtoanapplicationforcollegeorafuturejob.SomeofYTAresponsibilitiesareasfollows:Youwillbegivenamonitorpacketforyourclass.Thispacketcontainsalistofparticipantnamesandotherimportantinformation.ItmustbegiventotheYTAsupervisorattheendofthedayandshouldnotbetakenhome.Arriveat8:15a.m.onMondaysand8:30a.m.therestoftheweek.Duringthistime,youwillhelptheinstructorprepareforclass.Wearyournametagatalltimes.YouneedittoassureaccesstotheRipleyCentereverymorning.Handoutandcollectstudentevaluationsattheendofclassonthelastday.Mobilephoneusemustbelimitedtobreaktimesoremergencies.21.WhatdoweknowaboutSummerCamp?A.Itwilllastformorethantwomonths. B.Itisaimedatteenagersaged15andabove.C.Itofferscamperstwodaysoffeveryweek. D.ItsteachersarefromtheS.DillonRipleyCenter.22.What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?AThebenefitsofbeingaYTA. B.TheresponsibilitiesofbeingaYTA.C.ThesubjectsthatSummerCampcovers. D.TheintroductiontotheSmithsonianInstitution.23.Attheendofeachday,YTAsshouldhandin________.A.theirownnametags B.campersnametagC.importantinformation D.themonitorpacket24.AsYTAS,teenagers________.A.shouldarrive15minutesearlieronMondays B.shouldprepareforthenextday’sclassesC.can’tusemobilephones D.can’tgohomeatnight25.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Adailyschedule. B.Aplanforacamp. C.Abrochure. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要說明了招聘夏令營的青年助教。文中提及了這份工作的具體細(xì)節(jié)，包括年齡限制、工作時間、夏令營的背景和工作職責(zé)等。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“SummerCampmeetsforafive-dayweek,MondaythroughFriday.(夏令營一周5天，從周一到周五)”可知，夏令營每周為露營者提供兩天休息。故選C。【22題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ServingasaYTAprovidesanoutstandingwayforteenstobeinvolvedwithanationalorganization.AssistingaprofessionalInstructor,YTAsareintroducedtotheworldofteaching.ThewiderangeofprogramsoffersYTAstheopportunitytoexperienceandlearnaboutsubjectssuchasart,science,ortheater.YTAsearncommunityservicecreditsandalsohaveaninterestingexperiencetoaddtoanapplicationforcollegeorafuturejob.(擔(dān)任YTA為青少年參與全國性組織提供了一個很好的方式。在專業(yè)教師的協(xié)助下，YTAs被引入到教學(xué)的世界。廣泛的課程為YTA們提供了體驗和學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)、科學(xué)或戲劇等學(xué)科的機會。YTAs可以獲得社區(qū)服務(wù)學(xué)分，還可以在申請大學(xué)或未來的工作時增加一段有趣的經(jīng)歷)”可知，第二段的主要內(nèi)容是成為YTA的好處。故選A。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Youwillbegivenamonitorpacketforyourclass.Thispacketcontainsalistofparticipantnamesandotherimportantinformation.ItmustbegiventotheYTAsupervisorattheendofthedayandshouldnotbetakenhome.(你會收到一個監(jiān)控包。此包包含參與者姓名和其他重要信息的列表。它必須在一天結(jié)束時交給YTA主管，不應(yīng)該帶回家)”可知，在每一天結(jié)束的時候，YTA們應(yīng)該上交監(jiān)控包。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Arriveat8:15a.m.onMondaysand8:30a.m.therestoftheweek.(周一早上8點15分到，其他時間早上8點30分到)”可知，作為青年助教，應(yīng)該在周一早到15分鐘。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WearecurrentlylookingforresponsibleteenagersandyoungadultstoassistwithSummerCamp.(我們目前正在尋找有責(zé)任心的青少年和年輕人來協(xié)助夏令營)”可知，文章是招聘青年助教的廣告。故選D。BTworollerskaterswerecrouched(蹲伏)low,kneesbentandbodiespressedtogether,fightingtostaygluedtopreventathirdskaterslipthroughandbreaktheirwall.Thiswasarollerderby(輪滑阻攔賽)practicefortheTinyTerrors,ateamofskatersaged8-11intheGothamGirlsJuniorLeagueofNewYorkCity.“Theywanttofightandgetreallyfast,andtheyfindsomuchconfidence,”saidKristenCampbell,directorofthejuniorderbyprogram.Rollerderbyisplayedwithtwoteamsoffiveskatersonatrack.Oneplayeroneachteamservesasthejammerwhosejobistoracearoundthetrackandscorepointswithoutgettingblockedbytheotherteam.Thematchismadeupoftwo30-minuteperiodsthateachconsistsofshorterplaysorjams.Eachjamlaststwominutesoruntiltheleadjammercallsitoff,usuallyamovemadetostoptheotherjammerfromcatchingupandscoringpoints.Youhaveprobablyheardofadultsplayingrollerderby,butagrowingnumberofyoungpeopleareattractedbythefast-pacedsport.Campbellowestheincreaseininterestpartlytoapopularnovelcalled“RollerGirl”.Campbelldescribedthejuniorleagueasashelterforgirlswhoaren’tsurewheretheyfitinatschool.“Somanyparentstoldmetheirchildwashavingtroublewithanxietyorbullying(欺負(fù))orthattheydidn’tfitintoanysportorartclub,”shesaid.“Andtheyfindrollerderbyandeverythingissolved.”Manyofthegirlssaidtheygotmuchmoreoutofthesport.Strength,confidenceandbodypositivityhavelongbeenvaluesofrollerderby,evenifit’ssubliminalratherthanopenanddirect.Ofcourse,likeanycontactsport,injuriesareunavoidable.“Theydon’tgoforbighits,”Campbellsaid.“Nowwefocusmoreonhipblockingandusinglateral(橫向的)movementtoblockwithlightcontact.”Besides,thegirlsdon’tmindtheoccasionalbump.“It’ssortoflikeamedal,”Campbellsaid,smiling.26.Whatcanwelearnaboutrollerderby?A.Itisplayedwithfiveskatersonatrack. B.Itlastsanhourwithsomeshortplaysinagame.C.Itisthemostdangeroussportespeciallyforkids. D.Thejammer’sjobistostopothersgettingscores.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Girlsoftengetinjuredinrollerderbypractice.B.Rollerderbyisthemostcompetitivesportatschool.C.Rollerderbyhelpsgirlsfreefrombeingbulliedatschool.D.Anovelcontributestothepopularityofrollerderbyamonggirls.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subliminal”mean?A.closed B.obvious C.unique D.unrealized29.AccordingtoCampbell,therollerderbygirls________.A.dobetterthanadultplayers. B.weartheirwoundswithpride.C.fearnothingbutfiercebumps. D.won’tlearnfullcontactuntilthey’re12.30.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheTinyTerrorscallsformorebravegirlstojoin.B.HowrollerderbychangesthelifeofgirlsintheUS.C.Girlsbuildconfidenceinthetoughworldofrollerderby.D.Rollerderbybecomespopularamongkidsaroundtheworld.【答案】26.B27.D28.D29.B30.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了青少年輪滑阻攔賽在紐約的發(fā)展及其對參與者心理和身體的積極影響。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Thematchismadeupoftwo30-minuteperiodsthateachconsistsofshorterplaysorjams.(比賽由兩個30分鐘的時段組成，每個時段包含多個較短的比賽或阻攔回合。)”可知，比賽全程為1小時，且每個時段都有較短的比賽。故選B項?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Campbellowestheincreaseininterestpartlytoapopularnovelcalled“RollerGirl”.(坎貝爾把興趣的增長部分歸功于一本名為《輪滑女郎》的流行小說。)”可知，一本名為《輪滑女郎》的小說促進(jìn)了女孩們對于輪滑的興趣增長。故選D項?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Strength,confidenceandbodypositivityhavelongbeenvaluesofrollerderby,evenifit’ssubliminalratherthanopenanddirect.(力量、自信和積極看待自己的身體一直是輪滑阻攔賽的核心價值觀，即使這是subliminal，而非公開直接的。)”可知，這些價值觀不是公開直接的，所以很多人還不能完全認(rèn)識或看到它的價值。subliminal的含義為“未被察覺的”。A.closed封閉的；B.obvious.明顯的；C.unique獨特的；D.unrealized未被察覺的，未成為現(xiàn)實的。故選D項。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Besides,thegirlsdon’tmindtheoccasionalbump.“It’ssortoflikeamedal,”Campbellsaid,smiling.(再說了，姑娘們不介意偶爾碰一下?！斑@有點像一枚獎牌，”坎貝爾笑著說。)”可知，在訓(xùn)練中受傷反而使女孩們感到一種榮譽和自豪。故選B項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中的“Thiswasarollerderby(輪滑阻攔賽)practicefortheTinyTerrors,ateamofskatersaged8-11intheGothamGirlsJuniorLeagueofNewYorkCity.“Theywanttofightandgetreallyfast,andtheyfindsomuchconfidence,”saidKristenCampbell,directorofthejuniorderbyprogram.(這是紐約市哥譚女孩少年聯(lián)盟中一支名為“小小恐怖分子”的輪滑阻攔賽隊伍的訓(xùn)練場景，隊伍由8至11歲的輪滑選手組成?！八齻兛释麑?，想要變得非常快，并且從中找到了巨大的自信，”少年阻攔賽項目總監(jiān)克里斯滕·坎貝爾說道。)”可知，文章主要講述了青少年輪滑阻攔賽在紐約的發(fā)展及其對參與者心理和身體的積極影響，使得她們越來越自信。選項C“Girlsbuildconfidenceinthetoughworldofrollerderby.(女孩們在激烈的輪滑阻攔賽世界中建立自信。)”符合題意。故選C項。CTransporthasalottoanswerforwhenitcomestoharmingtheplanet.Whilecarsandtrainsaremovingtowardsgreener,electricpower,emissionsfromairtravelareexpectedtoincreasemassivelyby2050.Ifwewantbiggreenskysolutions,weneedblueskythinking.Fortunately,there’splentyofthathappeningrightnow,particularlytheshort-haulflightspoweredbybatteries.HarbourAiristhelargestseaplaneairlineinNorthAmerica,flying30,000commercialflightsin40seaplaneseachyear.Significantly,allHarbourAirrouteslastlessthan30minutes,makingitperfectlyfitforelectricengines.“Asanairline,we’recurrentlyintheprocessofturningallourplanesintoelectricairplanes.”saysCEOGregMcDougall.Tomakethishappen,theairlinehaspartneredupwithMagniXtocreatetheworld’sfirstcommercialflightwithanelectricengine.Makingtheskieselectricisn’tjustgoodfortheenvironment,italsomakessoundfinancialsense:asmallaircraftuses$400onconventionalfuelfora100-mileflight,whileanelectriconecosts$8-12forthesamedistance,andthat’sbeforeyoufactorinthehighermaintenancecostsofatraditionalengine.There’salsotheaddedbonusthatelectricplanesarejustmuchmorepleasanttoflyin.Noloudenginenoise,nosmelloffuel,justenvironmentallyfriendlypeaceandquiet.Whiletherehasbeenrealprogressinthee-planeindustry,thetechnicalchallengesthatremainarekeepingeveryone’sfeetfirmlyontheground.Abattery,evenalithiumone,onlyprovides250watt-hoursperkilogram;comparethistoliquidfuel,whichhasaspecificenergyof11,890watt-hoursperkilogram.Carryingadequatebatteries,however,wouldmaketheplanetooheavytogetofftheground.Inaircraft,whereeverybitofweightcounts,thiscan’tjustbeignored.It’scertainlyanexcitingtimeforelectricflyingthough.WithcompanieslikeHarbourAirtakingthelead,battery-poweredplanes,especiallyonshort-hauljourneys,aresettobecomearealityinthenextfewyears.31.AccordingtoPara.1,whatishappeninginairtransport?A.Newexplorationsoftheskyarebeinglaunched.B.Pollutioncausedbybatteriesisbeingcontrolled.C.Effortsarebeingmadetomakeairtravelgreener.D.Demandforshort-haulflightsisincreasingmassively.32.WhyisHarbourAirfitforelectricflights?A.Itrunsshortroute. B.Ithasastrongpartner.C.Itsplanescanlandonthesea. D.Ithasplaneswithpowerfulengines.33.Theexpression“addedbonus”inPara3referstothefactthatelectricplanes________.A.givepassengersmorepleasantviews B.bringairlinesmorefinancialbenefitsC.offermoreenjoyableflyingexperiences D.costlessinmaintenancethantraditionalones34.Whatmightbethebiggestchallengeofelectricflying?A.Toimprovethegroundservicefore-planes.B.Tofindqualifiedtechniciansfore-planeindustry.C.Tocalculatetheenergyneededtopowere-planes.D.Tobalancepowerandweightofbatteriesine-planes.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheprospectofelectricflying?A.Short-sighted. B.Positive. C.Wait-and-see. D.Doubtful.【答案】31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了電池驅(qū)動飛機的優(yōu)點，也表達(dá)了作者對于未來電池驅(qū)動飛機的向往?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifwewantbiggreenskysolutions,weneedblueskythinking.Fortunately,there’splentyofthathappeningrightnow,particularlytheshort-haulflightspoweredbybatteries.(如果我們想要大的綠色天空解決方案，我們需要藍(lán)天思維。幸運的是，現(xiàn)在有很多這樣的事情正在發(fā)生，特別是由電池供電的短途航班)”可知，人們正在努力使得航空飛行更加環(huán)保。故選C。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Significantly,allHarbourAirrouteslastlessthan30minutes,makingitperfectlyfitforelectricengines.(值得注意的是，所有海港航空公司的航線持續(xù)時間都不到30分鐘，這使得它非常適合電動發(fā)動機)”可知，海港航空公司適合電動航班，因為它的航線很短。故選A?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Noloudenginenoise,nosmelloffuel,justenvironmentallyfriendlypeaceandquiet.(沒有巨大的引擎噪音，沒有燃油的味道，只是環(huán)保的和平和安靜)”可知，乘坐電動飛機沒有巨大的引擎噪音，沒有燃油的味道，只是環(huán)保的和平和安靜，即提供更愉快的飛行體驗。故“額外獎勵”一詞指的是電動飛機提供更愉快的飛行體驗。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Abattery,evenalithiumone,onlyprovides250watt-hoursperkilogram;comparethistoliquidfuel,whichhasaspecificenergyof11,890watt-hoursperkilogram.Carryingadequatebatteries,however,wouldmaketheplanetooheavytogetofftheground.Inaircraft,whereeverybitofweightcounts,thiscan’tjustbeignored.(一塊電池，即使是鋰電池，也只能提供每公斤250瓦時的電量；相比之下，液體燃料的比能量為每千克11890瓦時。然而，攜帶足夠的電池會使飛機太重而無法起飛。在飛機上，每一點重量都很重要，這一點不能被忽視)”可知，電動飛行最大的挑戰(zhàn)是平衡電動飛機電池的功率和重量。故選D。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“WithcompanieslikeHarbourAirtakingthelead,battery-poweredplanes,especiallyonshort-hauljourneys,aresettobecomearealityinthenextfewyears.(隨著海港航空等公司的引領(lǐng)，電池驅(qū)動的飛機，尤其是短途旅行的飛機，將在未來幾年內(nèi)成為現(xiàn)實)”可推知，作者對于電池驅(qū)動飛機持樂觀態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Chinahasbeenthebirthplaceofmanyoftheworld’sgreatestinventions.Itwas,forexample,thefirstcountrytoproducepapermoney.Beforetheinventionofpapermoneyandcoins,peopleusedmanydifferentkindsofthingsforbuyingandselling.____36____Thisexchangeofgoodsandservicesforothergoodsandservicesiscalledbartering.____37____In1200BC,peopleinChinabegantouseshells(貝殼)asmoney.Usuallytheshellsusedasmoneywereverysmall.Thismadeiteasierforpeopletocarrymoneyoverlongdistances,andallowedfortradetodevelopbetweendifferentpartsofthecountry.Intheyearswhichfollowedthisinvention,manyothercountriesaroundtheworldbegantodothesame.____38____Thenextdevelopmentwasin1000BC,whenChinastartedmakingbronzeandcoppershells.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheChinesemaderoundcoinsoutofmetal.____39____By500BC,metalcoinshadbeguntoappearincountrieslikePersiaandGreece,andlaterintheRomanEmpire.About1,000yearslater,leatherwasusedasmoneyinChina,andin806AD,thefirstpaperbanknoteswereproducedbytheChinesepeople.____40____A.Peoplealsobegancollectingforeigncoinsassouvenirs.B.Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.C.Itwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrency(貨幣)appearedinEurope.D.However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.E.Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.F.Astimewentby,tradebetweencountriesincreased.G.Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.【答案】36.B37.D38.E39.G40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國作為許多偉大發(fā)明的發(fā)源地，特別是在貨幣發(fā)展方面的歷史進(jìn)程，從物物交換到使用貝殼、金屬硬幣，再到紙幣的發(fā)明，通過列舉歷史事實和時間線，向讀者普及了貨幣發(fā)展的相關(guān)知識。36題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Beforetheinventionofpapermoneyandcoins,peopleusedmanydifferentkindsofthingsforbuyingandselling.(在紙幣和硬幣發(fā)明之前，人們使用許多不同的東西進(jìn)行買賣)”以及空后“Thisexchangeofgoodsandservicesforothergoodsandservicesiscalledbartering.(這種商品和服務(wù)交換為其他商品和服務(wù)的行為被稱為物物交換)”可知，空處描述的是物物交換的實例。選項B“Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.(在那段時間，例如，買一只雞可能需要幾個土豆)”符合題意，說明在紙幣和硬幣發(fā)明之前，人們使用其他物品如土豆進(jìn)行買賣。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“In1200BC,peopleinChinabegantouseshells(貝殼)asmoney.(公元前1200年，中國人開始用貝殼作為貨幣)”可知，情況發(fā)生了變化。選項D“However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.(然而，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，這樣的交換變得不切實際)”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，自然引出下文內(nèi)容。故選D。【38題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Intheyearswhichfollowedthisinvention,manyothercountriesaroundtheworldbegantodothesame.(在這項發(fā)明之后的幾年里，世界上許多其他國家也開始這樣做)”可知，有許多國家都開始用貝殼交易。選項E“Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.(他們還用小貝殼作為貨幣來進(jìn)行買賣)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出許多國家都開始用小貝殼作為貨幣來進(jìn)行買賣。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Thenextdevelopmentwasin1000BC,whenChinastartedmakingbronzeandcoppershells.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheChinesemaderoundcoinsoutofmetal.(下一個發(fā)展是在公元前1000年，當(dāng)時中國開始制作青銅和銅制的貝殼。不久之后，中國人就用金屬制成了圓形的錢幣)”可知，上文提到中國開始青銅和銅制的貝殼，并且開始用金屬制成圓形錢幣。選項G“Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.(最早的硬幣上通常有洞，這樣人們就可以把它們串在一起)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，進(jìn)一步描述了錢幣。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“About1,000yearslater,leatherwasusedasmoneyinChina,andin806AD,thefirstpaperbanknoteswereproducedbytheChinesepeople.(大約1000年后，中國開始使用皮革作為貨幣，在公元806年，中國人生產(chǎn)了第一張紙幣)”可知，中國在公元806年生產(chǎn)了第一張紙幣。選項C“Itwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrency(貨幣)appearedinEurope.(很多年后歐洲才出現(xiàn)紙幣)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出歐洲過了很久才出現(xiàn)紙幣。故選C。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完型填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。StudentsinWesternPennsylvaniahadasnowdayonMonday.However,insteadof____41____homeormeetingforanindoorworkout,theseteensonahighschoolfootballteamwere____42____bytheircoachtogetoutsideandhelptheir____43____.BrianDeLallo,ateacherwhodoublesastheheadfootballcoachatBethelParkHighSchoolnearPittsburgh,tooktoTwitterto____44____thatMonday’sweightliftingsessioninthegymwascancelled,____45____hehadameaningfulassignmentfortheyoungmen.“Duetotheexpected____46____weather,Monday’sweightliftingworkoutcouldn’tcontinue.Findanelderlyordisabledneighborand____47____theirdriveway...that’sourMondayworkout.”Healsotoldtheboysnottoacceptany____48____.Bymid-morning27oftheathleteswere____49____photostothecoach,withsomesayingtheywereontheir6thdriveway.Oneofthestudentseven____50____thathiselderlyneighborswerenotacceptingtheirnon-paymentrequirement,____51____adonation.“There’snobetter____52____thanclearingdriveways,”saidBraedonDelDuca,ajuniorontheteam,whowentfromhousetohouseofferingtheir____53____withteammateColtonPfeuffer.“It’sjust____54____gettingouthere,helpingoutthe____55____,justhelpingoutothersthatneedhelp,”Pfeuffersaid.“We’dlovetodoitforeverybodythatwecan,”DelDucaagreed.41.A.biking B.leaving C.going D.staying42.A.instructed B.begged C.allowed D.persuaded43.A.parents B.neighbors C.teachers D.friends44.A.spread B.warn C.announce D.suggest45.A.so B.but C.because D.when46.A.mild B.fair C.amazing D.severe47.A.repair B.clear C.follow D.mark48.A.money B.honor C.praise D.favor49.A.sending B.taking C.delivering D.collecting50.A.demanded B.advised C.reported D.complained51.A.turningdown B.talkingabout C.applyingfor D.insistingon52.A.education B.workout C.game D.change53.A.services B.goods C.ideas D.hopes54.A.cold B.wrong C.nice D.difficult55.A.gym B.team C.school D.community【答案】41D42.A43.B44.C45.B46.D47.B48.A49.A50.C51.D52.B53.A54.C55.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了賓夕法尼亞州的一支高中橄欖球隊在雪天被教練引導(dǎo)去幫助社區(qū)老人和殘疾鄰居清理車道的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這些高中橄欖球隊的青少年并沒有呆在家里或在室內(nèi)鍛煉，而是在教練的指導(dǎo)下走到外面幫助鄰居。A.

biking騎自行車；B.

leaving離開；C.

going去；D.

staying呆在。根據(jù)下文“indoors

workout”指的是呆在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行的活動，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.

instructed指示；B.

begged懇求；C.

allowed允許；D.

persuaded勸說。根據(jù)下文“to

get

outside

and

help”可知，這里表達(dá)的是教練的指示，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.

parents