2024年北京北師大二附中高三（上）10月月考英語試題及答案

2024北京北師大二附中高三10月月考英語2024.10.7本試卷共頁，共分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題1.515分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenSusanwasahighschoolEnglishteacherDiMeogavetheclassachallengingtask:Reciteapoeminfrontofthewholeclass.“Ihadamildstutter（結(jié)巴）.I’dbe‘the’threetimes,”Susansaid.thoughtofgettingupinfrontofherclassmatesandstutteringthroughthepoemwastoomuchto2.Susanwenthomeandhowscaredshetohermom,agreedwriteanoteaskinghertobefromdoingthetaskinfrontofthewholeclass.Whenthedayoftherecitationcame,Susanrecitedthepoemone-on-onetoDiMeo.1getawordoutthatmightbeginwith‘D’or‘TH’,orImightsay345done,DiMeosaidsomethingshe’dneverheardbefore:thathelikedlisteningtohervoice.Forthefirsttime,sheconsideredthepossibilitythatpublicspeakinghavetobeasourceof6.Susanwentontograduatefromhighschoolandcollege.ShenevergottoproperlythankDiMeo.Butsometimeaftercollege,shehehadhadonherconfidence.“Istandupinfrontofpeopleandspeak,andIdoitallthetime.IfIdostutteronceinawhile,nobigdeal,”7ajobasacorporatenewpositionmadeherrealizehowbiga(n)8shesaid.Susanrecentlyfoundawaytoappreciation.9herformerandplansonsendinghimaletterexpressingherInhermind,DiMeoisanunsunghero,becauseabigreasonwhyshehasasuccessfulcareerandlife.“IknowwhereIwould’vegoneifIfeltlikeIhadkeepmyvoice10becauseIwasafraidofembarrassingmyself.I’dliketothankhimforthatkindness.”1．A．continuing2．A．shareB．strugglingB．expressB．provedB．prohibitedB．AlthoughB．worryC．pretendingC．findD．hopingD．bear3．A．taught4．A．excused5．A．While6．A．jealousy7．A．wanted8．A．impactC．revealedC．correctedC．UnlessC．boredomC．landedC．choiceD．promisedD．discouragedD．OnceD．lonelinessD．createdD．stressB．B．idea9．A．judgeB．contactB．loudC．studyC．quietD．interviewD．deep10．A．sweet第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題1.515分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。AI’llnevermyfirstvisitChina.Mumencouragedmetrydifferentkindsoffood,andIdid!Ilovedeverything.ButjustwhenIthoughtIcoulddealwithallChinesefood,Icameacrossstinkytofu.Ahorriblegreythingthatlookedandsmeltlikeaburntsportsshoe.tryyouwantto,”Mumsaid.ButI12(gather)allcouragetotakeabiteandwasamazedtofindsobad.Itremindedmeofbluecheese,asimilarlystrongsmellingtypeoffoodyoueitherloveorhate.MaybeI13(fall)inlovewithstinkytofu—BThe5-SecondRulesuggestsfoodisOKtoeatifyoupickitup14fivesecondsorless.Believeornot,scientistshavetestedtherule.sorrytoreportnotnecessarilytrue.Bacteriacanattach15(it)toyourfoodregardlessofhowquicklyit16(pick)up.Foodleftthereforfivesecondsorlesswillprobablycollectlessbacteriathanfoodsittingthereforalongertime,butfastnotbefastenough.Floors,evenclean-lookingones,harborbacteria.ifindoubt,abandonthefood17(avoid)potentialillness.Chometowncouldyournavigational（導(dǎo)航的）skills.researchindicatesthatindividuals18(raise)incitieswithstructuredstreetpatternsencounterdifficultiesinnavigationcomparedtothosefromruralareaswithmorelayouts.Thisconclusiondrawnfromastudy19(involve)playersofamobilegameaboutsea,20tests3-Dnavigationskills.hopeforcityresidents:anurbanversionofthegameshowedslightimprovementsforthem.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題2分，共分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Aallthedietaryinformationonline,itcanbetoknowwhattipstooutfortheseandFatIsGoodItdoesn’tmatterifyouarepartofthefatisGOODforyouorBADforyougroup,theimportantquestiontoaskisthesourceofthefat.itcomesfromaland-basedanimal,andislikelytobesolidroomtemperature,thenitissaturate（飽和的）fatwhereasifcomesfromfishorplants,anditislikelytobeliquidatroomtemperature,thenitisunsaturatedfat.AlltheevidenceindicatesthateatingmoreunsaturatedfatthansaturatedfatlowersyourriskofdyingNaturalSugarIsBetterThevastmajorityofsugarweconsumesucrose（蔗糖）.Itisthewhitepowderedwecookwithandismadeupofglucosefructose.aboutsugarfromhoney?Itisoftenmarketedasnaturalandbetterforyou.itjusthasitsowndistinctbutisassweetbecauseofglucoseandfructose.High-pHSomepeoplethinkweneedtoeatalkali（堿）foodtomaintainourbloodapHof7.4.Buteverythingweeatordrinkpassesthroughthestomach,which,atapHof1.5,isthemostacidicpartoftheItisthenneutralisedtoapHof7.nothingweeatwillchangethepHofourblood.Don’tEatAnythingThatCan’tWhetherfoodsarenaturalhighlyprocessed,theyareallfullofchemicals.Areyousupposedtofear"phenylthiocarbamide",becauseyoupronounceit?Thisissimplythechemicalresponsiblethebittertastefoundinbrassicas,theplantsinthecabbageandmustardDon’tEatFoodThanFiveIngredient（佐料）Simplefoodsarenotnecessarilyhealthierforyou.IfI,instance,useChinesefivespicepowderinarecipe,thatwouldcountasoneofthefiveingredients.whatifIaddedthetypicalcomponentsoffivespicepowderseparatelyintoadish?Doesthatmeanrecipesuddenlybecomesbadbecausehasmorethanfiveingredients?21．Accordingtothepassage,healthier______.A．canbefoundfishandplantsB．comesfromland-basedanimalsD．canlowerthedeathrateofeldersC．remainssolidatroomtemperature22．passagesuggeststhat______.A．dietscanhelpadjustthepHofourbloodB．honeysugarcandomoregoodthansucroseC．foodswithmoreingredientsmaybehealthyD．chemicalswecanrecognizearesafertotake23．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．comparetipsonfoodchoices.B．introducedifferenthealthconcepts.C．recommendfitnessrecipestoreaders.D．warnusofsomedietarymisunderstandings.BMybirthwasalittlemoredramaticthanstandardwayababyenterstheworld.Iwasbornmissingmylefthand.Indeed,mylimb（手臂）differencecouldhavebeenadisasterifithadn’tbeenforwhathappenednext.Anurseplacedmeinmymother’sarmsandinstructed,willtakeherhome.willloveherandtreathernormal.”Thatisexactlywhathappened.Iplayedsports,actedinexcelledschoolandhadplaydateswithfriends.WhileIdidgetstaresand“polite”questionsaboutmyIwasluckybecauseImadefunofit.thatfactthatIwasdifferenthitmehardmydayofhighschool.Iwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-consciousandtheneedfitinisintensified.Irememberoneoftheotherkidsontheschoolbusstaredjustalittletoolongatmyleftarm.Ifeltasuddentohidemyhand,Islippeditintomypocket.ItoldmyselfthatI’djusthideitthatonewhileIwastryingtomakefriends.onedayofhidingturnedintoaweek,amonth,andyears—25ofthemtobeexact.WhenIwas38yearsold,tiredofhidingandImetsomeonespecialandinvitedhimin.ThecombinationofmefinallyfeelingreadyunhideandhiswillingnesstogothroughtheunhidingprocesswithmewasexactlywhatIneeded.Forthefirstinmylife,Iallowedsomeonereallyholdmylimb,lookatit,touchit,loveit—loveme.Imylimbdifferenceassomethinguniqueaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.Itwasatransformationalexperience,andIlearnedtolovemetoo.changedhowIlivedentirelifeandmadeIalsodiscoveredandjoinedtheLuckyFinProject,anorganisationdevotedtopeoplewithalltypesofdisabilities.Hidingthings,especiallyfromlovedones,istiringandanditpreventsusfromgettinghelpandsupport.timetochangethat.24．Whattheauthor’schildhoodlike?A．Shehadnosocialinteractionswithfriends.B．ShewasraisedwithcareandtreatedC．Shefacedsomechallengesinschoolactivities.D．Shewasupsetabouttheattentionherdifference.25．Whathappenedtheauthorwhenwas13yearsold?A．ShebegantoignoreherB．Sheprejudicefromsomekids.C．Shestartedhidingherselfawayfromfriends.D．Shebecamesensitivedueherself-awareness.26．Howdidtheauthorchangewhenshestoppedhiding?A．Shestartedopenupandbeherself.B．ShemetsomeonecuredherC．Shewasupwiththecompanyofothers.D．Shereducedinvolvementinthedisabilitygroup.27．Whatcanlearnfromthispassage?A．MisfortuneisagoodB．Disabilityisnotabarriertosuccess.C．Self-acceptancecanleadtoself-love.D．Nothingbeatsthefeelingofbeingloved.CNeuroscientistsusuallyinvestigateonebrainatime.Theyobservehowneurons（神經(jīng)元）fireasapersonreadscertainwords,forexample,orplaysavideogame.Associalanimals,thosesamescientistsdomuchoftheirworktogether—brainstorminghypotheses,puzzlingoverproblemsandfine-tuningexperimentaldesigns.researchersarebringingthatrealityintohowtheystudybrains.Collectiveneuroscience,assomepractitionerscallit,isarapidlygrowingfieldofresearch.consistentfindingisthatwhenpeopleconverseorshareanexperience,theirbrainwavessynchronize.Neuronsincorrespondinglocationsofthedifferentbrainsfireatthesametime,creatingmatchingpatterns,likedancersmovingexperienceof“beingonthesamewavelength”anotherpersonisreal,anditisvisibleintheactivityofthebrain.SuchworkisbeginningtorevealnewlevelsofrichnessandcomplexityinInclassroomswherestudentsareengagedwiththeforexample,theirpatternsofbrainprocessingbegintosynchronizewiththatteacher’s—andgreatersynchronymaymeanbetterlearning.Couplesexhibithigherdegreesofbrainsynchronythannon-romanticpairs,asdoclosefriendscomparedwithmoredistantacquaintances.Butmuchaboutthephenomenonremainsmysterious—evenscientistsoccasionallyusetheword“magic”whentalkingaboutit.Onestraightforwardexplanationcouldbethatsynchronybetweenbrainsisaresultofsharedexperienceorsimplyasignthatwearehearingorseeingthesamethingassomeoneelse.Butthenewestresearchsuggeststhatsynchronyismorethanthat—orcanbe.Researchersarediscoveringsynchronyinhumansandotherspecies,andtheyaremappingitschoreography—itsrhythm,timingandundulations（波動(dòng)）—tobetterunderstandwhatbenefitsitmaygiveus.Giventhatsynchronizedexperiencesareoftenenjoyable,researcherssuspectthisphenomenonisbeneficial:ithelpsusinteractandmayhavefacilitatedtheevolutionofThisnewkindofbrainresearchmightalsocastlightonwhywealways“click”someoneorwhysocialisolation（孤立）issoharmfultophysicalandmentalhealth.synchronyandotherlevelsofneuralinteraction,humansteachlearn,friendshipsandromances,andcooperateandconverse.aredrivenconnect,andsynchronyisonewayourbrainshelpusdoit.28．Accordingtothepassage,collectiveneuroscience______.A．collectsandrefinesresearchonneuronsB．a(chǎn)nalysesactivitiesofonebrainatatimeC．promotesconnectionsamongneuroscientistsD．focusesonstudyingbrainsininteractivegroups29．WhatcaninferaboutbrainsynchronyfromParagraph4?A．Itcanbenefitotherspecies.B．Itsmechanismhaschanged.C．Itdemandsfurtherinvestigations.D．Findingsaboutitare30．Whichofthefollowingmayresultfrombrainsynchrony?A．Increasingpopularityamongpeers.B．Bettercooperationamongteammates.C．Improvedtechniquesforconversations.D．Moresharedexperiencesbetweenacouple.DWhilesomeallergies（過敏癥）disappearovertimeorwithtreatment,otherslastalifetime.Fordecades,scientistshavebeensearchingforthesourceoftheselifetimeallergies.researchersfoundthatmemoryBcellsmayinvolved.ThesecellsproduceadifferentclassofantibodiesknownasIgG,whichwardviralinfections.ButnoonehadidentifiedexactlywhichofthosecellswererecallingallergensorhowtheyswitchedtomakingtheIgEantibodiesresponsibleuncoverthemysteriouscells,tworesearchteamstookadeepdiveintotheimmune（免疫的）cellsofpeoplewithallergiesandsomewithout.ImmunologistJoshuaKoenigandcolleaguesexaminedmorethan90,000memoryBcellsfrompeoplewithbirchallergies,fourpeopletodustmitesandfivepeoplewithUsingatechniquecalledRNAsequencing,theteamidentifiedspecificmemoryBcells,whichtheynamedMBC2s,thatantibodiesandproteinsassociatedwiththeimmuneresponsethatcausesallergies.Inanotherexperiment,KoenigandcolleaguesusedapeanutproteintogofishingmemoryBcellsfrompeoplewithpeanutTheteampulledoutthesametypeofcellsfoundinpeoplewithbirchanddustallergies.Inpeoplewithpeanutallergies,thosecellsincreasednumberandproducedIgEantibodiesasthepeoplestartedtreatmenttodesensitizethemtopeanutAnothergroupledbyMariaCurottodeLafaille,animmunologistattheIcahnSchoolofMedicineMountSinaiinNewalsofoundthatsimilarcellsweremoreplentiful58childrentopeanutsthan13kidswithoutallergies.teamfoundthatthecellsarereadytoswitchfrommakingprotectiveIgGantibodiestoallergy-causingIgEantibodies.Evenbeforetheswitch,thecellsweremakingforIgEbutproducetheprotein.MakingthatRNAenablesthecellstoswitchthetypeofantibodiestheymakewhentheyencounterallergens.signaltoswitchpartiallydependsonaproteincalledthegroupdiscovered.“StoppingJAKfromsendingthesignalcouldhelppreventthememorycellsfromswitchingtoIgEproduction,”Lafaillesays.Shealsopredictsthatallergistsmaybeableexamineaspectsofthesememorycellstoforecastwhetheraislikelytolastordisappearwithortreatment.“Knowingwhichpopulationofcellsstoreallergiesinlong-termmemorymayeventuallyhelpscientistsidentifyotherwaystokillthecells.”saysCeciliaBerin,animmunologistNorthwesternUniversityFeinbergSchoolofMedicine.couldpotentiallygetridofnotonlyyourpeanutbatallofyourallergies.”31．Whydidscientistsinvestigatetheimmunecellsofindividualswithandwithoutallergies?A．explorethedistinctionsbetweenandIgE.B．uncovernewantibodiesknownasandIgE.C．identifycellsresponsiblefordefendingagainstallergies.D．revealcellsassociatedwiththedevelopmentofallergies32．Whatdoestheword“desensitize”underlinedParagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Make…lessdestructive.C．Make…lessprotective.B．Make…lessresponsive.D．Make…lesseffective.33．Whatcanlearnfromthetworesearchteams’work?A．MBC2smakeantibodiesandproteinsthatpreventallergies.B．MemoryBcellsgeneratebothRNAforIgEandthecorrespondingprotein.C．JAKplaysaroleincontrollingantibodyproductionwhenexposedtoallergens.D．Allergistsarecapableofpredictingwhetheranwilllastor34．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．RNASequencingIsAppliedinImmunologyResearchB．SpecificCellsRelatedtoPeanutAllergiesAreIdentifiedC．UnmaskingCells’IdentitiesHelpsDiagnoseandAllergiesD．NewfoundImmuneCellsAreResponsibleforLong-lasting第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyougetinayouexpectitwillhavefunctioningbrakes.Whenyoupickupmedicinethedrugstore,youexpectbepolluted.Butitalwayslikethis.Thesafetyoftheseproductswasterriblewhentheyfirstcamemarket.Ittookmuchresearchandregulationfigureouthowuserscanenjoythebenefitsoftheseproductswithoutgettingharmed.35Socialmediarisksareeverywhere.dangersthatalgorithmsdesignedtomaximizeattentionrepresenttoteenshavebecomeimpossibletoignore.Otherproductdesignelements,oftencalled"darkpatterns,"designedtokeeppeopleusingforalsoappeartipyoungusersintosocialmediaoveruse.36Theysaytheirusers’faultforengagingwithharmfulcontentthefirstplace,eventhoseusersarechildrenorthecontentisfinancialTheyalsoclaimtobedefendingfreespeech.37UndertheDigitalServicesAct,whichcameintoinEuropethisplatformsarerequiredtakeactiontostopthespreadofillegalcontentandcanbefinedupto6percentoftheirglobalincomesiftheydoIfthislawisenforced,maintainingthesafetyoftheiralgorithmsandnetworkswillbethemostfinanciallysounddecisionforplatformstomake.DespitethesetwothingsareFirst,onlinesafetyproblemsareleadingreal,suffering.Second,socialmediacompaniesorsolvethesesafetyproblemsontheirown.38Evensafetyissueslikecyberbullyingthatwethoughtweresolvedcanpoprightbackup.Asoursocietymovesonlineever-greaterdegree,ideathatanyone,eventeens,canjust“staysocialmedia”becomeslessandlessrealistic.39A．AndthoseproblemsgoingB．Thecurrentissuesreallyaboutsuffering.C．Platformsalreadyhavesystemstoremoveviolentorharmfulcontent.D．socialmedianeedsproductsafetystandardskeepuserssafe.E．timeweshouldrequiresocialmediatotakesafetyforsake.F．Internetplatforms,haveshiftedblameontheconsumerswhenevercriticized.G．Someauthoritiesaretakingstepstoholdsocialmediaplatformsaccountablethecontent.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、412分，第42題3分，第題5分，共分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Inhissenioryearofhighschool,Fangjiehappenedtoseeaposterforrecruiting（征募）PLAAirForcepilots.“Thepilotsonpostedreallycool,andIgottoknowthatapilotisknownasaprofessionofthebrave.Idecidedgiveasaid26,nowworksasaflightinstructorattheAirForce（航空）Accordingpilotstudentsneedtonotonlystudyaviationtheorybutalsopracticedifficultaerobatics（飛行特技）,whichrequirestrongresistancetogravityforce.dosomeofthemovements,apilothastobearaboutthreetimestheirbodyweightpressingdownonthem,”saidTheyalsospecialequipmentlikeaspinningladdertoovercomedizziness.Despiteallthetraining,becomingatopAirForcepilotremainsatoughjob.“Duringflight,pilotsmustcarefullydecidehowland,especiallynight,andmaintainpositionduringformationflight,”explainedHeaddedthatthekeytheseskillsliescontinuouspractice.Intheworldofaviation,abalancedmentalityandquickthinkingareveryimportant.Oneofmostunforgettableexperiencesdealingwithillusionsduringaformationflightupabovetheclouds.Allhecouldseeinfrontofhimwastheleadaircraftandclouds.“IfeltlikeIwasturningallthetime,butinstrumentsshowedthatmyflightwaslevel,”saidsuchsituations,trustinginstrumentsisessentialtomakingsounddecisions.”Butwhatalwaysremainsconstantisthegreatsenseoffreedoma