山東省淄博市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

2023—2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高一教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhenwillthetraintoYorkvilleleave?A.At5:45.B.At6:00.C.At6:15.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Painthiscar.B.Buyanoldcar.C.Changehisjob.3.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A.Full.B.Tired.C.Busy.4.Whatadvantagedoesthewoman’snewhousehaveovertheoldone?A.It’sbetterdecorated.B.It’slargerinsize.C.It’sclosertoherworkplace.5.Whatisthewomantalkingabout?A.Traffic.B.Weather.C.Music.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydidthewomanbuysomanythings?A.Theywerecheap.B.Theywerefashionable.C.Theywereofgoodquality.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sbehavior?A.Useful.B.Unnecessary.C.Acceptable.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howoftenwillthebusesleavefromthehotel?A.Everytenminutes.B.Everyfifteenminutes.C.Everythirtyminutes.9.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Waitingforabus.B.Schedulingameeting.C.Makingatransportplan.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第8段忖料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatworriesthewoman?A.Whentogohome.B.Howtogohome.C.Whotogohomewith.11.Whatdothenumbersontheboxesmean?A.Differentareas.B.Differentairlines.C.Differentriders.12.Whatcolorcardwillthewomanputinthebox?A.Red.B.Blue.C.White.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoesthemanwanttostarthistour?A.FromAdelaide.B.FromCairns.C.FromMelbourne.14.HowdoesthefirsttourgofromAliceSpringstoDarwin?A.Bycoach.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.15.Whatdoesn’thalf-boardtourinclude?A.Allthemeals.B.Allthehotels.C.Allthetransport.16.HowlongisAustralia’sBestTour?A.12days.B.19days.C.26days.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhattimedoestheshoppingcentercloseonThursday?A.6pm.B.8pm.C.10pm.18Whatcanvisitorsdoonthegroundfloor?A.Watchmovies.B.Eatinfast-foodrestaurants.C.Goshopping.19.Whereisthebookstore?A.Nexttothecafe.B.Besidethesupermarket.C.Oppositethedepartmentstore.20.Whatisthesmallestplaceintheshoppingcenter?A.Thebank.B.Theshoeshop.C.Themobilephoneshop.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AKillerOur100-Word-StoryCompetitionOurmuch-loved100-Word-StoryCompetitionisback!Enterforthechancetowinprizesofupto￡1,000.Itisyouropportunitytoshowtheworldyourstorytellingtalents!RulesandprizesPleasemakesurethatcompositionsareoriginal,notpublishedbefore.Justwriteexactly100words(notincludingtitle)—notasinglewordshorterorlonger!Don’tforgettoincludeyourfullname,address,emailandphonenumberwhenfillingintheform.Wemayuseentries(參賽作品)inallprintandelectronicmedia.Therearethreeagegroups—oneforadultsandtwoforschools:oneforchildrenaged12-18andoneforchildrenunder12.Thewinnerofeachgroupwillreceive￡1,000andtheoneinthesecondplacewillreceive￡250.TermsandconditionsEntriesarenowopenandthecut-offdateisFebruary1,2024,eitheronlineorbypostaddressedto:Reader’sDigest100WordStoryCompetitionWarnersGroupPublicationsWestStreetBournePE109PHTheeditorialteamwillpickashortlistofentries,andthethreebeststoriesineachgroupwillbepostedonlineatreadersdigest.co.ukonMarch1.Youcanvoteforyourfavorite,andtheonewiththemostvoteswillwinthetopprize.VotingwillcloseonMarch31.ThewinnerlistwillbepostedonlineonApril16andthewinningentrieswillbepublishedinourMay2024issue.Enteryourstoryhere—goodluck!1Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Neverbeingpublishedbefore. B.MailingyourentryonJanuary31.C.Writingastoryof120words. D.Creatingastoryoriginally.2.Whodeterminesthewinningentries?A.Editorsandvoters. B.Childrenunder12. C.Themedia. D.Thepublisher.3.Whenwillthewinningentriescomeout?A.InFebruary. B.InMarch. C.InApril. D.InMay.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章宣傳了“KillerOur100-Word-StoryCompetition”活動(dòng)。該活動(dòng)邀請(qǐng)讀者參加100字故事創(chuàng)作比賽，有機(jī)會(huì)贏得高達(dá)1000英鎊的獎(jiǎng)金?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rulesandprizes部分中“Justwriteexactly100words(notincludingtitle)—notasinglewordshorterorlonger!(只要寫(xiě)100個(gè)單詞(不包括標(biāo)題)——一個(gè)單詞也不要多或少!)”可知，參賽作品只能是100詞，寫(xiě)一篇120詞的故事會(huì)導(dǎo)致取消資格。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Termsandconditions部分中“Theeditorialteamwillpickashortlistofentries,andthethreebeststoriesineachgroupwillbepostedonlineatreadersdigest.co.ukonMarch1.Youcanvoteforyourfavorite,andtheonewiththemostvoteswillwinthetopprize.(編輯團(tuán)隊(duì)將挑選一份入圍名單，每組中最好的三篇故事將于3月1日發(fā)布在readersdigest.co.uk網(wǎng)站上。你可以為你最喜歡的投票，得票最多的人將贏得最高獎(jiǎng)。)”可知，編輯團(tuán)隊(duì)先挑選一份入圍名單，然后投票人從中選出最佳作品成為獲獎(jiǎng)作品，所以是編輯和投票人決定獲獎(jiǎng)作品。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Termsandconditions部分中“ThewinnerlistwillbepostedonlineonApril16andthewinningentrieswillbepublishedinourMay2024issue.(獲獎(jiǎng)名單將于4月16日在網(wǎng)上公布，獲獎(jiǎng)作品將刊登在我們2024年5月的那期雜志上。)”可知，獲獎(jiǎng)作品將于5月出版。故選D項(xiàng)。BTheChinesepancake,orjianbingguozi,isoneofthemostcommonbreakfastfoodsinnorthernChina,usuallyfilledwithmaterialslikevegetables,eggsandspicypaste.Onthevideo-sharingplatformDouyin,FrenchchefCorentinDelcroix’svideoofhisowntypeofjianbinghasbeenviewedabout250,000times.Butjusthowdoeshisdiffer?Itispackedwithcheese,ham,pickle(泡菜)andblacktrufflemayonnaise(黑松露蛋黃醬)—materialstypicallyfoundinFrenchpancakes,whichDelcroixsaysaren’tallthatdifferenttoChinesepancakes.Delcroix’saddictiontoChinesecuisinestartedin2002whenhewasstudyinginBeijing.“ThefirstChinesedishIlearnedtocookwasscrambledeggswithtomatoes.Butmyfavoritesarecookedwheat-basedfoodssuchasjiaoziandxiaolongbao,’”saysDelcroix.Afterlearninghowtopreparesomeofthepopularlocaldishes,DelcroixdecidedtosharehisfavoriteChineseandFrenchdishesonsocialmedia.Andmanyofhisvideosshowhimpreparingdishesthatmarryelementsofbothcuisines.Butthiseffortisnotjustaboutself-improvement—DelcroixsayshehasalsomanagedtolearnmoreaboutChinesecuisinesthroughthecommentsthathereceivesfromhisviewers.“ItisthroughtheviewersthatIgettolearnhowtocreatetrulylocaldishes.Thesuggestionsarefasterandmoredirectthanthosefromthemarket,”Delcroixsays.Delcroixispresentlyachef,asuccessfulbusinessmanandafoodbloggerwhohasmillionsoffollowersonChinesesocialmediaplatforms.DespitehavinglearnedsomuchaboutChinesecuisineovertheyears,Delcroixisstillhungryformoreknowledge.Lookingahead,hewantstodomoretospreadChinesecuisinetopeopleoverseas.“IalwaysfeelthattheremightbeculturalbarrierswhenChinesechefsintroducetheirlocalcuisinestoforeigners.Itmightbemucheasierforaforeignertoexplain,”headds,“Iwanttobethatbridge.”4.WhichisthefeatureofDelcroix’svideo?A.ItintroducesChinesecuisine. B.Itmainlyshowswheat-basedfoods.C.Itcombinestwocountries’cuisines. D.Itshareshowtomakespecialjianbing.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“those”inparagraph3referto?A.TheChinesecuisines. B.Thesuggestions. C.Thelocaldishes. D.Theviewers.6.WhydoesDelcroixwanttobeabridge?A.ToopenaChineserestaurantinFrance.B.TogetmoreknowledgeofChinesecuisine.C.Tointroducemoredeliciousfoodtohisfans.D.Toimproveforeigners’understandingofChinesecuisine.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDelcroix?A.Creativeanddetermined. B.Professionalbutnegative.C.Humorousandtalented. D.Curiousbutimpatient.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了法國(guó)廚師科倫汀·德?tīng)柨肆_瓦對(duì)中國(guó)煎餅的熱愛(ài)以及他在社交媒體上分享融合中法兩國(guó)美食元素的菜肴。他通過(guò)觀眾的反饋學(xué)習(xí)如何制作地道的中國(guó)菜肴，并希望成為傳播中國(guó)美食文化的橋梁?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheChinesepancake,or

jianbingguozi ,isoneofthemostcommonbreakfastfoodsinnorthernChina,usuallyfilledwithmaterialslikevegetables,eggsandspicypaste.Onthevideo-sharingplatform

Douyin ,FrenchchefCorentinDelcroix’svideoofhisowntypeof

jianbing

hasbeenviewedabout250,000times.Butjusthowdoeshisdiffer?Itispackedwithcheese,ham,pickle(泡菜)andblacktrufflemayonnaise(黑松露蛋黃醬)—materialstypicallyfoundinFrenchpancakes(中國(guó)煎餅是中國(guó)北方最常見(jiàn)的早餐食品之一，通常餡料包括蔬菜、雞蛋和辣醬。在視頻分享平臺(tái)抖音上，法國(guó)廚師CorentinDelcroix制作的煎餅視頻已經(jīng)被觀看了25萬(wàn)次。但他的區(qū)別在哪里呢?它的餡料有奶酪、火腿、泡菜和黑松露蛋黃醬——這些都是法式煎餅中常見(jiàn)的材料)”和第二段中“DelcroixdecidedtosharehisfavoriteChineseandFrenchdishesonsocialmedia.Andmanyofhisvideosshowhimpreparingdishesthatmarryelementsofbothcuisines.(德?tīng)柨唆斖邲Q定在社交媒體上分享他最喜歡的中國(guó)和法國(guó)菜。他的許多視頻都展示了他將兩種美食的元素結(jié)合在一起的菜肴。)”可知，德?tīng)柨唆斖咭曨l的特點(diǎn)是它結(jié)合了中國(guó)和法國(guó)兩個(gè)國(guó)家的菜系。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“ItisthroughtheviewersthatIgettolearnhowtocreatetrulylocaldishes.

Thesuggestionsarefasterandmoredirectthanthosefromthemarket(通過(guò)觀眾，我學(xué)會(huì)了如何制作真正的當(dāng)?shù)夭穗?。這些建議比來(lái)自市場(chǎng)的那些更快、更直接)”和指代關(guān)系可推知，指示代詞those指代的就是上文中的“建議”，表示“來(lái)自市場(chǎng)的建議”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中““IalwaysfeelthattheremightbeculturalbarrierswhenChinesechefsintroducetheirlocalcuisinestoforeigners.Itmightbemucheasierforaforeignertoexplain,”headds,“Iwanttobethatbridge.”(“我總覺(jué)得，當(dāng)中國(guó)廚師向外國(guó)人介紹當(dāng)?shù)孛朗硶r(shí)，可能會(huì)有文化障礙。外國(guó)人可能更容易解釋?zhuān)彼a(bǔ)充說(shuō)，“我想成為那座橋梁?！?”可知，德?tīng)柨唆斖呦氤蔀闃蛄菏且驗(yàn)樗胍嵘鈬?guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)美食的了解。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“DelcroixdecidedtosharehisfavoriteChineseandFrenchdishesonsocialmedia.Andmanyofhisvideosshowhimpreparingdishesthatmarryelementsofbothcuisines.(德?tīng)柨唆斖邲Q定在社交媒體上分享他最喜歡的中國(guó)和法國(guó)菜。他的許多視頻都展示了他將兩種美食的元素結(jié)合在一起的菜肴。)”可知，德?tīng)柨唆斖邉?chuàng)新地將中法兩國(guó)美食元素結(jié)合，并做成菜肴在社交媒體上分享，說(shuō)明他是一個(gè)富創(chuàng)造力的人(creative)；根據(jù)第四段中“DespitehavinglearnedsomuchaboutChinesecuisineovertheyears,Delcroixisstillhungryformoreknowledge.(盡管多年來(lái)對(duì)中國(guó)菜學(xué)了很多，但德?tīng)柨唆斖呷匀豢释嗟闹R(shí)。)”和第五段中“Lookingahead,hewantstodomoretospreadChinesecuisinetopeopleoverseas.(展望未來(lái)，他想做更多的工作，將中國(guó)美食傳播給海外人民。)”可推知，在學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)菜和傳播中國(guó)美食上，德?tīng)柨唆斖咤浂簧?，意志?jiān)定(determined)。故選A項(xiàng)。CIt’sclearthatfollowingaplant-baseddietisconnectedwithalowerriskofheartdisease.Therearemanytypesofplant-baseddiets,andtheyareallrelatedtocertainfoodsconnectedwithheartbenefits,suchaswholegrains,fruits,vegetables,nutsandhealthyoils.Thedietshavebeenmoststudiedfortheirimpactonhearthealth.Thesedietsarerichinvitaminsandmineralsthathelplowerbloodpressure,reducetheriskofdiabetes(糖尿病)andkeepahealthyweight,allofwhichcanloweryourriskofheartdisease.Yet,thetypesofplantfoodsandtheirsourcesarealsoimportant.Forexample,whitericeandwhitebreadareplant-basedfoods,soyouwouldthinkthey’regoodtoeat.Buttheyarehighlyprocessed,andsoaredepletedofmanyheart-healthynutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng))andhaveenoughsugar,whichmeanstheycanmakebloodsugarlevelsrisesharplyandincreasehunger,leadingtoovereating.Drinking100%fruitjuiceisnotthesameaseatingthewholefruit,sincejuicescanbehighinsugar.Doyoureallyhavetocutoutallmeatforyourheart’shealth?Whichanimalfoodscouldhaveanimpactonhearthealth?Someresearchhasshownthatthetypeandamountmattermost.A2014studyshowedthatmenaged45to79whoate75gramsormoreperdayofprocessedredmeat,likecoldcuts,sausage,baconandhotdogs,hada28%higherriskofheartfailurethanthosewhoatelessthan25grams.However,astudyintheJanuary2017foundthateating85gramsofunprocessedredmeat,threetimesperweek,didnotworsenbloodpressure.Whatistherightplant-baseddietforyou?“Formanymen,thismaybeamatterofbetteringtheircurrentfoods,”saysDr.Satija,aresearcherfromAmericanCollegeofCardiology.8.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,weknowthatplant-baseddiets________.A.benefithearthealth B.increasehunger C.leadtooverweight D.containenoughsugar9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“depletedof’’inparagraph2mean?A.Addedto. B.Shortof. C.Filledwith. D.Rootedin.10.Whydoestheauthorlistnumbersinparagraph3?A.Toprovetheresultbelievable. B.Toattractreaders’attention.C.Toshowtheprocessclearly. D.Tomakethestudypopular.11.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Risksofanimalfoods. B.Disadvantagesofplant-baseddiets.C.Changesofeatinghabits. D.Effectsofheart-healthydiets.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了遵循植物性飲食可以降低心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，不過(guò)需要注意這種飲食中食物的種類(lèi)和來(lái)源，同時(shí)在注意種類(lèi)和量的情況下，攝入動(dòng)物性食物對(duì)心臟健康并沒(méi)有影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“It’sclearthatfollowingaplant-baseddietisconnectedwithalowerriskofheartdisease.Therearemanytypesofplant-baseddiets,andtheyareallrelatedtocertainfoodsconnectedwithheartbenefits,suchaswholegrains,fruits,vegetables,nutsandhealthyoils.(很明顯，遵循植物性飲食與較低的心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有關(guān)。植物性飲食有很多種，它們都與某些對(duì)心臟有益的食物有關(guān)，比如全谷物、水果、蔬菜、堅(jiān)果和健康的油)”可知，植物性飲食可以降低心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，對(duì)心臟健康有益。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)的上文“Forexample,whitericeandwhitebreadareplant-basedfoods,soyouwouldthinkthey’regoodtoeat.Buttheyarehighlyprocessed(例如，白米飯和白面包是植物性食物，所以你會(huì)認(rèn)為吃它們會(huì)很好。但它們是經(jīng)過(guò)高度加工的)”和下文“haveenoughsugar,whichmeanstheycanmakebloodsugarlevelsrisesharplyandincreasehunger,leadingtoovereating(含有足夠的糖，這意味著它們會(huì)使血糖水平急劇上升，增加饑餓感，導(dǎo)致暴飲暴食)”可知，此處用白米飯和白面包舉例，說(shuō)明這類(lèi)看似吃起來(lái)會(huì)很好的食物實(shí)際上因經(jīng)過(guò)高度加工而不利于健康。由此推知，這類(lèi)食物已經(jīng)“失去”了許多對(duì)心臟有益的營(yíng)養(yǎng)，depletedof意思應(yīng)該是“失去，沒(méi)有”，與shortof“缺乏”意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Someresearchhasshownthatthetypeandamountmattermost.A2014studyshowedthatmenaged45to79whoate75gramsormoreperdayofprocessedredmeat,likecoldcuts,sausage,baconandhotdogs,hada28%higherriskofheartfailurethanthosewhoatelessthan25grams.However,astudyintheJanuary2017foundthateating85gramsofunprocessedredmeat,threetimesperweek,didnotworsenbloodpressure.(一些研究表明，食物的種類(lèi)和數(shù)量最重要。2014年的一項(xiàng)研究表明，年齡在45歲至79歲之間的男性每天吃75克或更多的加工紅肉，如冷盤(pán)、香腸、培根和熱狗，患心力衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比吃不到25克的人高28%。然而，2017年1月的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每周吃三次85克未加工的紅肉并不會(huì)使血壓惡化)”可知，此處是用2014年和2017年的研究結(jié)果來(lái)證實(shí)“對(duì)于動(dòng)物性食物是否會(huì)對(duì)心臟健康產(chǎn)生影響，取決于食物的種類(lèi)和數(shù)量”的觀點(diǎn)。因此，作者提及具體的數(shù)字可以證明結(jié)果是可信的，從而加強(qiáng)觀點(diǎn)的客觀性。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whatistherightplant-baseddietforyou?“Formanymen,thismaybeamatterofbetteringtheircurrentfoods,”saysDr.Satija,aresearcherfromAmericanCollegeofCardiology.(什么是適合你的植物性飲食？美國(guó)心臟病學(xué)會(huì)的研究員Satija博士說(shuō)：“對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能是改善他們目前的食物?！?”可知，本段建議通過(guò)改善目前的食物來(lái)找到適合自己的植物性飲食。由此推知，接下來(lái)作者可能會(huì)介紹飲食習(xí)慣的改變。故選C項(xiàng)。DThedrylandinGirNationalParkandWildlifePreserve,locatednearIndiawesterntip,istheproud—andonly—homeoftheAsiaticlion.Bytheearly1900s,however,theirpopulationshaddecreasedforhomolossandhunting,leavingfewerthan50knownindividualsalive.Thoughtheirnumbershaverisenoverthepastseveraldecades—climbingtoaround670in2020,asuccessfulstory—thelionsarestillconsideredendangered.Oneofthebiggestchallengestokeepthelions’futureistotrackthem,ahardwork.Someanimals,liketigersandzebras,havespecialcoatpatterns(圖案)thatprovideusefulmarkstotheresearchers.ButfortheAsiaticlions,researchersmustlookelsewhere.In2019,Banerjee,whoworkedforIndiasNationalTigerConservationAuthority,developedanAIsystemtorecognizethelionswithhighaccuracy(精準(zhǔn)).TheAIprogram,SIMBA,hasbeenappliedinpractice.“Itwillbeafantastictoolforlong-termlionmonitoring,”saysBanerjee.Headds,“Itcouldhelpforestofficialsarriveatamoreaccurateestimate(評(píng)估)ofGir’slionpopulation.Inafewyears,thegroupwillhavearichcollectionofinformation—howmanylionsaremale,female,howmanywillbearbabiesandhowmanyaredead.”Despitetheadvantages,Baneijeealsoaddshisworries.Hesuggestscertainrulesbemadetopreventmaininformationfrombeingstolen.“WheretoolslikeSIMBAreallyshine”,hesays,“isinhelpingresearchersdevelopmonitoringplansthatarekeystotheprotectionofat-riskanimals,”hesays,“otherwise,allyoureffortswillbeinvain.”12.WhatisthegreatestdifficultyinprotectingAsiaticlions?A.Stoppingthemfrombeingkilled. B.Keepingtrackofthem.CProtectingtheirlivingenvironment. D.Increasingtheirpopulation.13.HowdoesSIMBAhelpresearchers?ABylocatinglions’homes. B.Bytrackingotheranimals.C.Bymonitoringtheanimalstealers. D.Byprovidingaccurateinformation.14.What’sBaneijee’sopinionabouttheAIprogram?A.Itneedstobewidelyused. B.Ithassavedtheat-riskanimals.C.Itspossiblerisksshouldbeawareof. D.Itsdisadvantagesshouldbeignored.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheApplicationofAIonProtectingAnimals. B.TheAIProgramfortheEndangeredAsiaticLions.C.TheMeasuresofProtectingAsiaticLions. D.TheBiggestChallengeoftheAIsystem.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了人工智能在保護(hù)瀕危的亞洲獅方面的作用。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneofthebiggestchallengestokeepthelions’futureistotrackthem,ahardwork.”（要想保住獅子的未來(lái)，最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一就是追蹤它們，這是一項(xiàng)艱巨的工作。）可知，保護(hù)亞洲獅最大的困難是跟蹤他們。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Headds,“Itcouldhelpforestofficialsarriveatamoreaccurateestimate(評(píng)估)ofGir’slionpopulation.Inafewyears,thegroupwillhavearichcollectionofinformation—howmanylionsaremale,female,howmanywillbearbabiesandhowmanyaredead.””（他補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“這可以幫助森林官員更準(zhǔn)確地估計(jì)吉爾的獅子數(shù)量。幾年后，該組織將收集到豐富的信息——有多少獅子是雄性的，有多少是雌性的，有多少會(huì)生育，有多少會(huì)死亡?！保┛芍?，SIMBA通過(guò)提供準(zhǔn)確的信息幫助研究人員。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Despitetheadvantages,Baneijeealsoaddshisworries.Hesuggestscertainrulesbemadetopreventmaininformationfrombeingstolen.”（盡管有這些優(yōu)勢(shì)，Baneijee也增加了他的擔(dān)憂。他建議制定一些規(guī)則來(lái)防止主要信息被盜。）可知，Baneijee對(duì)人工智能項(xiàng)目的看法是應(yīng)該意識(shí)到它可能存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“In2019,Banerjee,whoworkedforIndiasNationalTigerConservationAuthority,developedanAIsystemtorecognizethelionswithhighaccuracy(精準(zhǔn)).TheAIprogram,SIMBA,hasbeenappliedinpractice.”（2019年，在印度國(guó)家老虎保護(hù)局工作的班納吉開(kāi)發(fā)了一種人工智能系統(tǒng)，可以高精度地識(shí)別獅子。人工智能程序SIMBA已經(jīng)在實(shí)踐中得到了應(yīng)用。）可知，本文是介紹了瀕危亞洲獅人工智能項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Higherlevelsofoptimism(樂(lè)觀主義)arerelatedloalongerlifetime.Peoplewiththehighestlevelsofoptimismhave11%to15%longerlifetimethanthosewhopracticelittlepositivethinking.Theoptimistsmaylivetoage85orbeyond.Optimismdoesn’tmeanignoringlife’sstress.Butwhennegativethingshappen,optimisticpeoplearelesslikelytoblamethemselves.___16___.Theyalsobelievetheycancontroltheirdestinyandcreateopportunitiesforgoodthingstohappeninthefuture.___17___.Researchhasfoundoptimistshavea35%lesschanceofaheartdisease.There’sadirectconnectionbetweenoptimistsandhealthierdietandexercisebehaviors,aswellasastrongerimmune(免疫)systemandbetterlungfunction.Optimismcanbeimprovedbytraining.Studieshavefoundonlyabout25%ofouroptimismisprogrammedbygenes(基因).___18___.Itturnsoutyoucantrainyourbraintobemorepositive.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoincreaseoptimismiscalledthe“BestPossibleSelf”method.Inthisperiod,youimagineyourselfinfuture,andyouhaveachievedallyourlifeaimsandallofyourproblemshavebeensolved.___19___.Anotherwayistokeepajournalonlytocapturepositiveexperiencesyouexperiencedthatday.It’snoteasytocarryoutoptimismexercises.Likeexercise,theywillneedtobepracticedregularlytokeepthebrainpositive.___20___.Butisn’talonger,happier,morepositivelifeworththeeffort?A.Itmayalsolengthenyourlife.B.Therestisuptoyourattitudetolife.C.Beingoptimisticalsoimprovesyourhealth.D.Theoptimismexercisesmaybeahardprocess.E.Thefocusonthepositivecanreshapeyourbrain.F.Practicingthisdailycansignificantlyimproveyourpositivefeelings.G.Theyaremorelikelytoseethebarrierasagoodchancetoturnpositive.【答案】16.G17.C18.B19.F20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。較高水平的樂(lè)觀主義與較長(zhǎng)的壽命有關(guān)。文章主要介紹了樂(lè)觀情緒的重要性以及如何保持樂(lè)觀?！?6題詳解】下文“Theyalsobelievetheycancontroltheirdestinyandcreateopportunitiesforgoodthingstohappeninthefuture.(他們還相信自己可以掌控自己的命運(yùn)，為未來(lái)美好的事情發(fā)生創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì))”中的also表明空處和下文是并列關(guān)系，也是在講樂(lè)觀的人如何做，G項(xiàng)“他們更有可能將這一障礙視為轉(zhuǎn)正的好機(jī)會(huì)”符合，且thebarrier呼應(yīng)上文的“negativethingshappen”，故選G?！?7題詳解】下文“Researchhasfoundoptimistshavea35%lesschanceofaheartdisease.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，樂(lè)觀的人患心臟病的幾率會(huì)降低35%)”指出樂(lè)觀能改善你的健康。C項(xiàng)“樂(lè)觀也能改善你的健康”符合，故選C?！?8題詳解】上文“Studieshavefoundonlyabout25%ofouroptimismisprogrammedbygenes(基因).(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的樂(lè)觀情緒中只有大約25%是由基因決定的)”指出樂(lè)觀情緒只有大約25%是由基因決定的，空處承接上文，指出樂(lè)觀情緒的其他決定因素，B項(xiàng)“剩下的就看你的生活態(tài)度了?！狈?，故選B?！?9題詳解】上文“Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoincreaseoptimismiscalledthe“BestPossibleSelf”method.Inthisperiod,youimagineyourselfinfuture,andyouhaveachievedallyourlifeaimsandallofyourproblemshavebeensolved.(增加樂(lè)觀情緒的最有效方法之一被稱為“最佳可能的自我”方法。在這個(gè)時(shí)期，你想象著未來(lái)的自己，你已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了所有的人生目標(biāo)，所有的問(wèn)題都已經(jīng)解決了)”介紹了增加樂(lè)觀情緒的最有效方法之一，即在這個(gè)時(shí)期，你想象著未來(lái)的自己，你已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了所有的人生目標(biāo)，所有的問(wèn)題都已經(jīng)解決了，下文“Anotherwayistokeepajournalonlytocapturepositiveexperiencesyouexperiencedthatday.(另一種方法是寫(xiě)日記，只記錄當(dāng)天經(jīng)歷的積極經(jīng)歷)”介紹了增加積極情緒的另一個(gè)方法，由此可知，空處承接上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“每天練習(xí)可以顯著改善你的積極情緒?！狈?，this代指上文youimagineyourselfinfuture,andyouhaveachievedallyourlifeaimsandallofyourproblemshavebeensolved，故選F?！?0題詳解】上文“It’snoteasytocarryoutoptimismexercises.Likeexercise,theywillneedtobepracticedregularlytokeepthebrainpositive.(進(jìn)行樂(lè)觀練習(xí)并不容易。就像鍛煉一樣，它們需要定期練習(xí)才能保持大腦積極)”指出進(jìn)行樂(lè)觀練習(xí)并不容易，D項(xiàng)“樂(lè)觀練習(xí)可能是一個(gè)艱難的過(guò)程?！狈?，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EsbonKamauhadanormalTuesdayafternoonpickinguppassengersinHoover.Onthisparticularday,hehadthepleasureofdrivingAlexTisdale,a16-year-oldwhoeagerly___21___theexcitingnewsofreceivingan$8,000Christmasgiftfromhisproudfatherto___22___anewmotorcycle.Duringthe15-minute___23___toJohnHawkinsParkway,TisdaleleftKamauwithaheart-warmingimpression.However,the___24___tookplacewhenKamaunoticedabluebagatthebackofhisseatafter___25___Tisdaletopickupanotherpassenger.Uponexaminingthebag,Kamau___26___alargeamountofmoney.Ratherthankeepingit,hedecidedtoholdontothemoneyuntilhecouldreportthe___27___tothecompany.Meanwhile,Tisdale,unawareofthemissingmoneythenandthere,___28___wentback,wonderingwherehecouldhave___29___it.Unabletofindeachother,theybothusedthecompany’sapptoreportthe____30____article.Thankstothecompany’scommunication,theywere____31____overthephone.Withouthesitation,Kamaumadetheadmirable____32____todrivebacktoTisdale.Tisdale,____33____byKamau’shonesty,expressedhisthanksbytippinghim$10.Thisactofkindnessleftalasting____34____onTisdale,whoadvisedotherstobegratefulforwhattheyhave.Atthesametime,Kamausharedapieceofadviceforfellowtaxidrivers,____35____theimportanceofdoingtherightthingattherighttime.21.A.shared B.collected C.ignored D.kept22.A.ride B.buy C.borrow D.choose23.A.goal B.adventure C.chance D.journey24.A.unexpected B.forgotten C.respected D.unavoidable25.A.puttingdown B.learningabout C.droppingoff D.sendingout26.A.emptied B.required C.discovered D.guessed27.A.opinion B.information C.preparation D.knowledge28.A.calmly B.angrily C.excitedly D.anxiously29.A.watched B.returned C.left D.searched30.A.missing B.wild C.strange D.disappearing31.A.introduced B.compared C.recognized D.connected32.A.result B.decision C.solution D.purpose33.A.surprised B.saved C.satisfied D.moved34.A.impression B.debate C.attention D.comment35.A.exploring B.exchanging C.stressing D.reflecting【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C26.C27.B28.D29.C30.A31.D32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述描述了司機(jī)EsbonKamau在接載乘客AlexTisdale后發(fā)現(xiàn)一袋錢(qián)，并誠(chéng)實(shí)地歸還給了Tisdale，Tisdale對(duì)Kamau的誠(chéng)實(shí)表示感激，并慷慨地給予小費(fèi)。故事強(qiáng)調(diào)了誠(chéng)實(shí)和善良的重要性。?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個(gè)特殊的日子里，他很榮幸地駕車(chē)送16歲的AlexTisdale，Tisdale急切地分享了令人興奮的消息，他從自豪的父親那里收到了8000美元現(xiàn)金作為圣誕禮物，可以買(mǎi)一輛新摩托車(chē)。A.shared分享；B.collected收集；C.ignored忽略；D.kept保持。根據(jù)下文“theexcitingnewsofreceivingan$8,000Christmasgift”可知，Tisdale跟分享分享了一個(gè)好消息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個(gè)特殊的日子里，他很榮幸地駕車(chē)送16歲的AlexTisdale，Tisdale急切地分享了令人興奮的消息，他從自豪的父親那里收到了8000美元現(xiàn)金作為圣誕禮物，可以買(mǎi)一輛新摩托車(chē)。A.ride騎行；B.buy買(mǎi)；C.borrow借；D.choose選擇。根據(jù)上文“an$8,000Christmasgift”可知，8000美元是用來(lái)買(mǎi)摩托車(chē)的圣誕禮物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在前往約翰霍金斯公園路的15分鐘行程中，Tisdale給Kamau留下了溫暖的印象。A.goal目標(biāo)；B.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.journey行程。根據(jù)上文“15-minute”和下文“toJohnHawkinsParkway”可知，到目的地Kamau開(kāi)了15分鐘。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，意想不到的事情發(fā)生了，Kamau在放下Tisdale去接另一名乘客后，注意到座位后面有一個(gè)藍(lán)色的袋子。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.forgotten忘記的；C.respected受尊敬的；D.unavoidable不可避免的。根據(jù)下文“Kamaunoticedabluebagatthebackofhisseat”可知，Tisdale把東西丟在了車(chē)上，這是出乎意料的事情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然而，意想不到的事情發(fā)生了，Kamau在放下Tisdale去接另一名乘客后，注意到座位后面有一個(gè)藍(lán)色的袋子。A.puttingdown放下；B.learningabout了解；C.droppingoff放下，送到；D.sendingout發(fā)出。根據(jù)下文“pickupanotherpassenger”可知，Kamau已經(jīng)把Tisdale送達(dá)目的地，并讓其下車(chē)，準(zhǔn)備去接另一名乘客。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在檢查包時(shí)，Kamau發(fā)現(xiàn)了一大筆錢(qián)。A.emptied倒空；B.required要求；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.guessed猜測(cè)。根據(jù)上文“Uponexaminingthebag”可推知，檢查包時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了里面的錢(qián)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒(méi)有把這筆錢(qián)據(jù)為己有，而是決定保管這筆錢(qián)，直到他可以向公司報(bào)告這一信息。A.opinion意見(jiàn)；B.information信息；C.preparation準(zhǔn)備；D.knowledge知識(shí)。根據(jù)上文“report(報(bào)告)”和下文“theybothusedthecompany’sapptoreportthe10article.”可知，Kamau在等待時(shí)機(jī)向公司報(bào)告這一信息。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，之前沒(méi)有意識(shí)到錢(qián)不見(jiàn)了的Tisdale正焦急地往回趕，想知道他把錢(qián)留在哪里了。A.calmly冷靜地；B.angrily生氣地；C.excitedly興奮地；D.anxiously焦慮地。根據(jù)下文“wonderingwherehecouldhave9it.”可推知，知道錢(qián)丟了，Tisdale正在焦慮地尋找。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，之前沒(méi)有意識(shí)到錢(qián)不見(jiàn)了的Tisdale正焦急地往回趕，想知道他把錢(qián)留在哪里了。A.watched觀察；B.returned返回；C.left留下；D.searched搜索。根據(jù)上文“wonderingwhere”可推知，Tisdale想知道自己把錢(qián)留在哪里了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于找不到對(duì)方，他們都使用了該公司的應(yīng)用程序來(lái)報(bào)告失物。A.missing丟失的；B.wild野生的；C.strange奇怪的；D.disappearing消失的。根據(jù)上文“usedthecompany’sapptoreport”和下文“Thankstothecompany’scommunication”可推知，他們都向出租車(chē)公司報(bào)告了丟失物品的情況。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于公司的溝通，他們通過(guò)電話聯(lián)系上了。A.introduced介紹；B.compared比較；C.recognized認(rèn)出；D.connected聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文“overthephone”和“Withouthesitation,Kamaumadetheadmirable12todrivebacktoTisdale.”可知，通過(guò)公司，他們用電話取得了聯(lián)系。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kamau毫不猶豫地做出了令人欽佩的決定，開(kāi)車(chē)回去找Tisdale。A.result結(jié)果；B.decision決定；C.solution解決方案；D.purpose目的。根據(jù)上文“Withouthesitation”和下文“todrivebacktoTisdale”可知，Kamau做出了開(kāi)車(chē)回去找Tisdale的決定。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Tisdale被Kamau的誠(chéng)實(shí)所感動(dòng)，給了他10美元的小費(fèi)以示感謝。A.surprised使(某人)吃驚；B.saved拯救；C.satisfied滿意；D.moved感動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“expressedhisthanksbytippinghim$10”可知，Tisdale被Kamau所感到，