2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit2ExploringEnglishSectionⅡUsinglanguage學(xué)案外研版必修第一冊

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1.contactvt.聯(lián)系；聯(lián)絡(luò)n．聯(lián)系；接觸?Youcancontactusbye-mail.你可以通過電子郵件和我們聯(lián)系。?ContacttheTouristInformationBureauforfurtherdetails.更多詳情請聯(lián)系旅游信息局。?Hefailedtomakeradiocontact.他未能進(jìn)行無線電聯(lián)絡(luò)。?DoctorsIcameintocontactwithvoicedtheirconcern.我接觸到的醫(yī)生都表示了他們的擔(dān)憂。?Youmustleaveyourfullnameandcontactdetailswhenyouphone.打電話時(shí)你必需留下全名與聯(lián)絡(luò)信息。[歸納探究](1)contactsb.immediately/directly馬上/干脆與某人聯(lián)系contactsb.bye-mail/telephone通過電子郵件/電話與某人聯(lián)系(2)makecontactwithsb./getincontactwithsb.與某人取得聯(lián)系be/stay/keepincontactwithsb.與某人保持聯(lián)系losecontactwithsb.與某人失去聯(lián)系bringsb.intocontactwithsth.使某人接觸某物beincontactwithsb.與某人聯(lián)系beoutofcontactwithsb.與某人失去聯(lián)系physical/eyecontact身體/目光接觸[一言助記]Areyouwillingtocutoffthecontactwiththeworld,andthenliveinseclusion？你是否情愿切斷與世俗的聯(lián)系，過安寧靜靜的隱居生活呢？[聯(lián)想拓展]與contact意義相近的詞：connectv.聯(lián)系；連接touchv.聯(lián)系；接觸linkv.聯(lián)系[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Atpresent,it'seasy________(contact)witheachotherwiththehelpofWeChat.②Theyare________contactwitheachotherforfiveyears,sotheyknoweachotherverywell.③Severaldaysago,presidentBasharAssadgotincontactwithPutininMoscow.→Severaldaysago,presidentBasharAssad____________________PutininMoscow.④Ithasbeenseveralyearssincegraduation,andIhavelostcontactwithmanyclassmates.→Ithasbeenseveralyearssincegraduation,andIhavebeen________withmanyclassmates.2.likelyadj.可能的，可能發(fā)生的?Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.這些發(fā)展可能會(huì)使我們目前的機(jī)器人電話問題更加嚴(yán)峻。?It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging.因?yàn)榻徽勈菍擂蔚亩矣须y度的，可能我們沒有人起先。?Delayedflightcouldhappenbutit'snotlikelyatthemoment.航班誤點(diǎn)的狀況有可能發(fā)生，但在目前看來好像不太可能。[歸納探究](1)belikelytodosth.可能做某事It'slikelythat...……是可能的(2)unlikelyadj.不大可能的beunlikelytodosth.不大可能做某事Itisunlikelythat...……不大可能[學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥]“Itis/waslikely＋that從句＝Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.”，意為“很可能……”，主語既可以是人也可以是物。Itiseq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(possibleforsb.todosth.,possible＋that從句,probable＋that從句))possible和probable作表語時(shí)不能用人作主語[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①M(fèi)ost________(like)hisattemptwillfail.②________islikelythatyou'llonlyhavethisonechancetomakeagoodimpression.③Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesoutoftheirwindowarelikely________(recover)atafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.3.additionn．增加物，添加物；增加，添加?Theproductsareofhighquality.Inaddition,thepriceislow.這些產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量很好。另外，價(jià)格也很低。?There'sapostageandpackingfeeinadditiontotherepaircharge.除修理費(fèi)之外還有郵寄和包裝費(fèi)。?Inadditiontothetractor,wehaveacquiredanewricetransplanter.除了拖拉機(jī)，我們又添加了一臺(tái)新的插秧機(jī)。[歸納探究]inaddition“除此之外，另外”，是副詞性短語，單獨(dú)作狀語。inadditionto“除……之外(還)”，是短語介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。[學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥]inaddition可用于句首、句中或句末，用于句首或句中時(shí)，通常用逗號與句子的其他部分隔開。[即學(xué)即練]選詞填空/單句語法填空inaddition/inadditionto①Icanposttheletterforyou.__________，doingsomewalkingdoesmegood.②____________thenamesonthelist,therearesixotherapplicants.③____________theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.④Inadditionto________(swim),shelikesplayingtheguitar.4eacross偶然發(fā)覺；偶然遇見；被理解?PerhapsIwillcomeacrosshiminFrance.或許我會(huì)在法國偶遇他。?IcameacrossthisbookinanoldbookstoreinLondon.我在倫敦的一個(gè)舊店偶然發(fā)覺了這本書。?Howdiditcomeabout？這件事是如何發(fā)生的？?Anewplancameupatthemeetingyesterday.一個(gè)新的安排在昨天的會(huì)議上被提出。[歸納探究]comeout出現(xiàn)；開花；出版；發(fā)表；透露cometo合計(jì)；總共comeupwith提出，想出cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)，成真comeover過來；順便來訪comeon快點(diǎn)，起先comefrom來自；誕生于comeabout發(fā)生(常與how連用)[名師點(diǎn)津]表示“偶然遇見”的短語還有：runacross,meetwith,happentomeet,runinto,meet...bychance[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①他講了很久，但并沒有人理解他的意思。Hespokeforalongtime,buthismeaningdidnotcome________．②沿街走路時(shí)，我偶然遇到了戴維，我們已有好幾年沒見了。Whenwalkingdownthestreet,I________________David,whomIhadn'tseenforyears.③我們須要想出詳細(xì)的措施去解決這個(gè)問題。Weneedto________________specificmeasurestosolvethisproblem.5.(教材P18)Americansliveinanapartment,whiletheBritishliveinaflat.美國人住在“apartment”里，而英國人住在“flat”里。[句式解構(gòu)]while用作并列連詞該句是并列句。while在此處作并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列分句，表示對比。while作并列連詞時(shí)，表示對比，意為“但是，而”，用來連接兩個(gè)并列分句。?Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.我喜愛喝茶，而她喜愛喝咖啡。?Heisbusywithhishomeworkwhilehisbrotherisplayingcomputergames.他在忙著做家庭作業(yè)，而他弟弟在玩電腦嬉戲。while作連詞的其他用法：(1)作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。MywifekeptsilentwhileIwaswriting.當(dāng)我寫作的時(shí)候，我妻子總會(huì)保持寧靜。(2)作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”。WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.盡管我承認(rèn)有問題存在，但我不認(rèn)為這些問題不能解決。[即學(xué)即練]推斷下列各句中while的功能與含義①Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverthepast25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.________________②Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou'retryingtogetworkdone.________________③Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectsarepositive.________________6.(教材P24)It'snotasconfusingasitseems：usuallypeoplefromthetwocountriescanunderstandeachotherfromthecontext.這并不像看上去的那么令人困惑：通常兩國人民可以通過語境相互理解。[句式解構(gòu)]“as＋形容詞/副詞的原級＋as...”表示同級比較，意為“和/像……一樣……”；其否定形式為notas/so...as...“不如……那樣……”；此結(jié)構(gòu)的常用句式結(jié)構(gòu)有：·as＋adj./adv.＋as...·as＋adj.＋a＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋as...·as＋many＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋as...·as＋much＋不行數(shù)名詞＋as...?HeisasniceaboyasPeter(is).他是個(gè)像彼得一樣的好孩子。?ShehasasmanyfriendsasMary(does).她和瑪麗有一樣多的摯友。?Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan.我能和你搬一樣多的紙。,[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①但是我發(fā)覺我的結(jié)果不像我希望的那樣好。ButIdidnotfindmyresultstobe________________________________________Ihadhopedtheywouldbe.②我讀的書和你讀的書一樣好玩。Ihaveread____________________________________youhaveread.識登記列短語①unfamiliaradj.不熟識的beunfamiliarwithsth.對……不熟識beunfamiliarto為……不熟識②theotherwayround相反地③calmdown冷靜下來④bemadeupof由……組成⑤beshortfor是……的縮寫⑥comeupwith想出⑦takethesubway/underground乘地鐵⑧inuse在運(yùn)用中⑨bereferredtoas被稱為主動(dòng)形式referto...as...把……稱之為……⑩fromthecontext通過語境?keepupwiththetimes與時(shí)俱進(jìn)構(gòu)詞法一、語法現(xiàn)象感知①pineapple菠蘿eggplant茄子seasick暈船的airsick暈機(jī)的carsick暈車的homesick想家的penfriend筆友highway馬路motorway高速馬路②invisible看不見的subway地鐵unlike不像dislike不喜愛incorrect不正確的③sculpture雕刻作品，雕像opposing相反的，對立的harmless無害的，不致傷的shameless無恥的，不知羞愧的shameful可恥的，丟臉的behavior舉止，行為confusing令人困惑的creativity創(chuàng)建性，創(chuàng)建力achievement成果，成就④rain雨/下雨snow雪/下雪二、語法規(guī)則理解1．①組中的單詞是將兩個(gè)單詞合并在一起，形成一個(gè)新的單詞。這種構(gòu)詞法被稱為________。2．②組中的單詞是在各自的詞根前加了不同的________綴，如in-，un-，dis-，sub-等。3．③組中的單詞是在各自的詞根后加了不同的________綴，如-ure，-ing，-less，-ful，-or等。4．②③組中的單詞的構(gòu)詞法被稱為________。5．④組中的單詞所展示的構(gòu)詞法被稱為________。根據(jù)肯定的語言規(guī)律創(chuàng)建新詞的方法叫做構(gòu)詞法。英語構(gòu)詞法主要有轉(zhuǎn)化法、合成法、派生法、首尾縮略法等。一、轉(zhuǎn)化法英語中一個(gè)詞由一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)到另一種或幾種詞類而不發(fā)生詞形的變更，稱為轉(zhuǎn)化法。1．名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞(1)身體部位Whenthefamousstarcamein,allpeopleeyedher.當(dāng)那位著名明星進(jìn)來時(shí)，全部的人都凝視著她。Manyofhisfriendsbackedhisplan.他的許多摯友支持他的安排。I'dliketoliveinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.我想居住在窗戶朝南的屋子里。(2)身份職業(yè)Shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.她照料丈夫復(fù)原了健康。Thedogwasguardingitsowner'sluggage.狗守護(hù)著主子的行李。AlthoughIamnolongerachild,motherstillmothersme.盡管我已經(jīng)不是小孩了，但母親對我依舊悉心照料。(3)地點(diǎn)場所Thegovernmenthasbuiltnewhousestohousethehomelesspeople.政府建了新居子給無家可歸的人供應(yīng)住處。(4)工具裝置Shepennedafewwordsofthanks.她寫了幾句致謝的話。Thecompanyshipsitsgoodsallovertheworld.公司把貨物運(yùn)往世界各地。Theseorangeswereboxedandsentoffquickly.這些橘子被裝箱，然后快速地發(fā)走。(5)物質(zhì)名詞Thesetreesneedtobewatered.這些樹須要澆水。Itwasrainingheavilywhenwearrivedthere.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)那里時(shí)正在下大雨。(6)抽象名詞Theirwordsangeredmegreatly.他們的話使我特別生氣。[名師指津]名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞后的發(fā)音有些名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞時(shí)形式不變，但讀音會(huì)發(fā)生變更。例如：housen．/ha?s/→v./ha?z/usen．/ju：s/→v./ju：z/2．其他三種轉(zhuǎn)化(1)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞Let'sgooutforawalk.我們出去散漫步吧。Ourbuildsaresimilar.我們的體形相像。(2)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞Shewasdressedinblue.她穿著藍(lán)色衣服。(3)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞Culturehasfurtheredtheadvanceoflanguage.文化促進(jìn)了語言的發(fā)展。Thetrainsloweddowntohalfitsspeed.火車速度減慢了一半。[即學(xué)即用]句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Wehadlunchtogetherafterthemeeting.→We________togetherafterthemeeting.②Let'sfillthewaterintothisbottle.→Let's________thewater.③Youaresofatthatyouhavetogoonadiet.→Youaresofatthatyouhaveto________．④Snowoftenfallsinmyhometowninwinter.→Itoften________inmyhometowninwinter.二、合成法兩個(gè)單詞連在一起合成一個(gè)新詞，前一個(gè)詞修飾或限定后一個(gè)詞。1．合成形容詞構(gòu)成方式例詞形容詞＋名詞＋-ednoble-minded高尚的good-tempered脾氣好的形容詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking好看的fine-sounding好聽的副詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working勤勞的far-reaching深遠(yuǎn)的名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving酷愛和平的epoch-making劃時(shí)代的名詞＋過去分詞state-owned國營的heartfelt由衷的副詞＋過去分詞well-known著名的widespread廣泛流傳的形容詞＋名詞large-scale大規(guī)模的high-class高級的名詞＋形容詞duty-free免稅的lifelong終身的，畢生的2.合成名詞構(gòu)成方式例詞名詞＋名詞silkworm蠶bloodtest驗(yàn)血形容詞＋名詞double-dealer兩面派shorthand速記動(dòng)名詞＋名詞waiting-room候車室sleeping-pills安眠藥動(dòng)詞＋名詞pickpocket扒手break-water防水堤名詞＋動(dòng)名詞handwriting書法sun-bathing日光浴動(dòng)詞＋副詞get-together聯(lián)歡會(huì)break-through突破副詞＋動(dòng)詞downfall垮臺(tái)outbreak爆發(fā)3.合成動(dòng)詞名詞＋動(dòng)詞sleep-walk夢游副詞＋動(dòng)詞overthrow推翻形容詞＋動(dòng)詞white-wash粉刷4.合成副詞形容詞＋副詞everywhere到處somehow不知何故副詞＋副詞however無論如何介詞＋副詞forever恒久[即學(xué)即用]寫出下列合成詞的漢語①salesman________②snow-white________③warm-hearted________④blacklist________⑤roommate________⑥undergo________三、派生法在詞根前面加前綴或在詞根后面加后綴構(gòu)成一個(gè)與原單詞意義相近或截然相反的新詞叫做派生法。(一)常用前綴1．表示否定意義的前綴常用的有：dis-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，mis-，non-，un-等，在單詞的前面加這類前綴常構(gòu)成與該詞意義相反的新詞。appear出現(xiàn)→disappear消逝correct正確的→incorrect不正確的2．表示其他意義的前綴常用的有：a-(多構(gòu)成表語形容詞)，anti-(反對；反抗)，auto-(自動(dòng))，co-(共同),en-(使)，inter-(相互)，re-(再；又)，sub-(下面的；次；小)，tele-(強(qiáng)調(diào)距離)等。alone單獨(dú)的anti-gas防毒氣的Internet互聯(lián)網(wǎng)subway地鐵3．變更詞性的前綴有：en-，de-，be-，a-，out-等。en-前綴通常加在形容詞或名詞前構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞；de-前綴通常加在名詞之前構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞，其意義大多和原名詞相反；be-前綴可加在名詞或形容詞前構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞；a-前綴常加在名詞或描述性動(dòng)詞之前，構(gòu)成形容詞或副詞；out-前綴可加在名詞之前構(gòu)成形容詞，加在動(dòng)詞之前構(gòu)成名詞。couragen．志氣→encouragevt.激勵(lì)valuen．價(jià)值→devaluevt.降低……的價(jià)值(二)常用后綴1．名詞后綴形式意義例詞-age表狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)shortage(缺乏)-ance/-ence指行為、狀態(tài)performance(演出)，preference(偏愛)-dom指性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)freedom(自由)-ee表某物的承受者employee(雇員)，trainee(實(shí)習(xí)生)-er/-or指人的身份worker(工人)，bachelor(單身漢)-ess表示女性hostess(女主子)-ese表示國籍Chinese(中國人)-hood表身份、性質(zhì)neighborhood(鄰里)，manhood(男子氣概)-ian指人的身份musician(音樂家)-ion/-tion表狀況、狀態(tài)fashion(時(shí)髦)，tradition(傳統(tǒng))-ist從事……的人dentist(牙科醫(yī)生)-ment指行為、狀態(tài)amusement(消遣)-ness表狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)kindness(慈愛)-ship表狀態(tài)、技能hardship(苦難)，workmanship(工藝)2.形容詞后綴形式意義例詞-al具有……性質(zhì)的personal(個(gè)人的)，regional(地區(qū)的)-en有……性質(zhì)的golden(金色的)，woolen(毛的)-ful充溢……的helpful(有幫助的)，fearful(可怕的)-able/-ible可……的readable(可讀的)，accessible(可接近的)-ive有……作用的productive(生產(chǎn)的)，active(主動(dòng)主動(dòng)的)-ly像某種舉止/性格/外貌般的friendly(友好的)，orderly(整齊的)-ous充溢……的dangerous(危急的)，famous(著名的)-some引起/產(chǎn)生……的troublesome(令人苦惱的)，tiresome(令人厭煩的)3.副詞后綴類別例詞干脆加-lyclear→clearly清晰地great→greatly很，大大地以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i再加-lyhappy→happily興奮地heavy→heavily沉重地詞尾為ble/le的形容詞，去掉e，再加-yterrible→terribly可怕地；極度地gentle→gently輕輕地詞尾為ue的形容詞，去掉e再加-lytrue→truly真實(shí)地詞尾為ll的形容詞，干脆加-yfull→fully充分地；完全地dull→dully遲鈍地詞尾為-ic的形容詞，加-allybasic→basically主要地，基本上scientific→scientifically合乎科學(xué)地[即學(xué)即用]單句語法填空①Themeparksoffermoreeducationalthingsthan________(amuse)parksdo.②Lucyhasalotof________(curious)aboutwhatitisliketoliveinaforeigncountry.③TheweatherinBritainis________(change).Youcanfindthatoneminuteitisrainyandthenextminutethesunisshiningbrightly.④Sometimesunknownthingsappear________(mystery)tous.⑤Ifwehumanbeingskeeponkillingthewildlife,someanimalswill________(appear)completely.四、首尾縮略法首尾縮略法，即用單詞首尾字母組成一個(gè)新詞。讀音主要有兩種形式，即各字母分別讀音；作為一個(gè)單詞讀音。veryimportantperson→VIP特別重要的人；大人物television→TV電視TestingofEnglishasaForeignLanguage→TOEFL托福InformationTechnology→IT信息技術(shù)[即學(xué)即用]寫出下列縮略詞①theUnitedStatesofAmerica________美國②WorldWideWeb→________萬維網(wǎng)③theVoiceofAmerica→________美國之音④CentralProcessingUnit→________中心處理器Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Herodeabicycleontheroadandcame________alibraryaroundthecorner.2．Tomakealiving,hedidmanykindsofjobs,________(include)teaching.3．Shetalkedwithconfidence,eveniftherewereacrowdof________(familiar)faces.4．Wearebestfriends,andwehavekeptincontact________eachotheraftergraduation.5．Asthenewspaperreported,somepeoplelivearichandvariedlife,________othersdon'thaveenoughtoeat.6．________thenovelisquitetruetolife,themaincharactersinitareimaginary.7．Iwouldrather________(go)outtonight,ifyoudon'tmind.8．Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredto________“white-collarworkers”．Ⅱ.寫出下列句子中畫線詞的詞性及漢語意思1．Thecookalwaysbrushesalittleoiloverthetopofthepizzawithabrush．________________2．Thedoctoradvisedhertotakemoreexercise.So,tokeepfit,sheexercisestwiceaday.________________3．Therearealotofpeoplenearthepostoffice.Canyouposttheletterforme？________________4．Hewasillforsomedays,andthenursenursedhimkindly.________________5．IhaveabalanceddietandIdon'thavetodiettoloseweight.________________6．Idreamedaterribledreamlastnight,whichterrifiedmealot.________________7．Hefooledalotofpeopleintobelievingthathewasnoble-minded．________________8．Afterwork,thesaleswomandidn'theadstraighthome.________________9．Themiddle-agedwomanisgoingtovisithermotherthisafternoon.________________