2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit6EarthfirstSectionⅡUsinglanguage學(xué)案外研版必修第二冊(cè)

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1.devotev．致力，獻(xiàn)身，傾注；投身?QianXuesendevotedhimselfentirelytoscience.錢學(xué)森完全投身于科學(xué)事業(yè)。?Asweallknow,heisagenerous,devoted,reliableandwarm-heartedfriend.我們都知道，他是一個(gè)慷慨、忠誠(chéng)、牢靠和熱心的摯友。[歸納探究]devoteoneselfto＝bedevotedto獻(xiàn)身于；致力于devoteone'slife/time/energy/attentionto把某人的生命/時(shí)間/精力/留意力奉獻(xiàn)于……bedevotedtosb.忠于……bedevotedto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事；投身于某事devotionn.酷愛；奉獻(xiàn)[聯(lián)想拓展]由介詞to構(gòu)成的其后要接名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ)：bedevotedto奉獻(xiàn)于……beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于……objectto反對(duì)……getusedto習(xí)慣于……getdownto起先做……beopposedto反對(duì)……beaddictedto對(duì)……著迷lookforwardto盼望……stickto堅(jiān)持……[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)r.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto________(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.②Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifeto________(help)others.③Fanswillshowtheir________(devote)bywaitingforhourstogetticketsfortheirfavouritesinger'sconcert.④Youwillneverachievesuccessunlessyou________________(致力于)yourwork.⑤Hewasdeterminedto________________(將自己的余生獻(xiàn)給)folkmusic.2．damagev.&n．損壞；破壞；破損，損害，損傷Smokingcandamageyourhealth.抽煙會(huì)損害你的健康。[歸納探究]do/causedamageto...對(duì)……造成損害causeseriousdamagetotheenvironment對(duì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)峻的破壞damageone'shealth損害某人的健康[聯(lián)想拓展]“破壞”三兄弟damagevt.損失；損害destroyvt.毀壞；毀掉ruinvt.毀滅[即學(xué)即練]完成句子/選詞填空①Theoldfarmerwasveryupsetbecausethestrongwinds________________(給……帶來(lái)很大損害)hiswheat.eq\x(damage/ruin/destroy)②Youhave________mybike;you'dbettergetitrepaired.③Mycarwas________inanaccident,andIhavetobuyanewone.④Toourdisappointment,thebadweather________ourtrip.⑤Theaccidentcausedsome________tomycar,butit'snothingserious.3.affectv．影響(＝haveaneffecton)；感動(dòng)；(疾病)侵襲，使感染?Thethoughtsandbehaviorofateacherwillaffect(＝haveaneffecton)thoseofhispupils.老師的思想和行為將影響其學(xué)生的思想和行為。?Affectedbytheirgooddeeds,Iwaseagertojointheminhelpingtheold.受他們的善舉影響，我渴望和他們一起幫助老人。?Theillnesshasaffectedbothhermentalandphysicalhealth.這種疾病損害了她的身心健康。?NowIcansayitismyaffectionfornaturethatmakesmearealgardener.現(xiàn)在我可以說(shuō)是我對(duì)自然的酷愛使我成為了一名真正的園丁。?Childrenneedlotsofloveandaffection.孩子須要多多疼愛和關(guān)懷。?Shewasheldindeepaffectionbyallherstudents.她的學(xué)生都非常愛戴她。[歸納探究]affectsb.greatly對(duì)某人影響很大affectone'shealth/life/decision影響某人的健康/生活/確定bedeeplyaffectedby被……深深打動(dòng)theaffectedarea被感染處；被影響的地區(qū)theareasaffectedbythehurricane受颶風(fēng)影響的地區(qū)[詞語(yǔ)辨析]affect,effect與influence(1)affectvt.指大的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，有時(shí)指不利影響。(2)effectn．&v．用作名詞時(shí)，指“影響，結(jié)果”；用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，指“引起，使發(fā)生”。(3)influencen．&v.指潛移默化的影響。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/選詞填空①Withthegovernment'said(救濟(jì)),those________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.②Toomuchsmokinganddrinkingaffectedhimgreatly,whichmeantbadlivinghabitshadaneffect________hishealth.③________(affect)bytheriseofhouseprices,peopleinbigcitiesliveundergreatpressure.eq\x(affect/effect/influence)④Alcoholcan________yourattentionanditalsohasabad________onyourliver.⑤Thechangeinclimatemay________yourhealth.⑥Webecamethebestfriendsandhe________medeeply.⑦Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswere________．4.supplyn．煤氣、電力、自來(lái)水等供應(yīng)(系統(tǒng))；(pl.)補(bǔ)給品；vt.供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)Wesupplythehomelesswithfoodandclothes.＝Wesupplyfoodandclothestothehomeless.我們把食物和衣服供應(yīng)應(yīng)無(wú)家可歸的人。[歸納探究]food/water/gas/electricitysupply食物/水/煤氣/電供應(yīng)supplyanddemand供求關(guān)系asupplyof一批；很多eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(supplysb./sth.withsth.,supplysth.tosb./sth.))為某人/某物供應(yīng)某物[易混辨析]supply,provide與offersupply尤指大量供應(yīng)、供應(yīng)。provide強(qiáng)調(diào)供應(yīng)所需之物。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(providesb.withsth.,providesth.forsb.))offer強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)供應(yīng)。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(offersb.sth.,offersth.tosb.))[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theywillsupplyus________technologyinsupportwithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.②Thisbookwillsupplysomescientificmethods________usinEnglishlearning.③Ourschoollibrarycanprovideallkindsofgoodbooks________students.④Finally,themanagerofferedagoodjob________me.5.adoptv．實(shí)行(某種方法)；收養(yǎng)(→adoptedadj.收養(yǎng)的adoptionn．接受；收養(yǎng))?Theschoolsshouldadoptnewmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.學(xué)校應(yīng)接受新的外語(yǔ)教學(xué)法。?Atlast,weshouldadopttheconsumers'suggestions.最終我們應(yīng)當(dāng)接受消費(fèi)者的建議。?Therefore,weshouldadoptitsgoodpointsandavoiditsshortcomings.Strengthenself-disciplineandbesmartonlinelearners.因此，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)接受它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，避開它的缺點(diǎn)。加強(qiáng)自律，做聰慧的在線學(xué)習(xí)者。?Shewasleftanorphanandawomanadoptedher.她成了孤兒，一位婦女收養(yǎng)了她。?Theadoptedgirlsoonadaptedtohernewfamily.這個(gè)被收養(yǎng)的女孩很快適應(yīng)了她的新家庭。?Hisadoptedsonwentabroadlastweek.他的養(yǎng)子上周出國(guó)了。[歸納探究]beadoptedinto被……收養(yǎng)adoptanattitude實(shí)行一種看法adoptmeasures實(shí)行措施[一言助記](méi)Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedaboywhoseparentswerekilledintheearthquake.Theadoptedboysoonadaptedtohisnewfamily.這對(duì)年輕夫妻沒(méi)有自己的孩子，收養(yǎng)了一個(gè)父母在地震中死去的男孩。這個(gè)被收養(yǎng)的男孩很快適應(yīng)了他的新家庭。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/選詞填空①Formanychildlesscouples,________(adopt)isthebestsolution.②Inthepast,theyweretoopoorandhadtohavetheirdaughter________(adopt).eq\x(adopt/adapt/adjust)③Itturnedoutthathis________sontreatedthemasiftheywerehisownparents.④Ittookhimquitealottimeto________tothelifehere.⑤Thefilmis________fromanovelbyMoYan.⑥Allthreeteams________differentwaystosolvetheproblem.⑦Theheightofthechaircanbe________．6.permissionn．允許，許可?Asapunishment,shewasnotpermittedtoattendanyschoolactivities.作為懲處，她不被允許參與任何學(xué)?；顒?dòng)。?I'llseeyouafterthemeeting,iftimepermits.假如時(shí)間允許的話，我會(huì)在開完會(huì)后見你。?Shehadaskedthegovernmentforpermissiontomovethebookstoasafeplace,buttheyrefused.她原本要懇求政府的允許把這些書搬到平安的地方，但他們拒絕了。[歸納探究]havepermissiontodosth.獲得許可做某事getpermission(fromsb.)得到(某人的)許可askforpermission懇求許可gainpermissiontodo...獲得做……的許可withone'spermission/withthepermissionofsb.在某人的許可/準(zhǔn)許下withoutpermission未經(jīng)許可[聯(lián)想拓展](1)permitv．允許；許可permitdoingsth.允許做某事permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事(2)permit還可作名詞“通行證，許可證”，常指書面的許可，permission常指口頭許可。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalwaysgettingher________(permit)forthings,thinkagain.②Wedonotpermit________(smoke)intheoffice.③Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrolwouldtheresidents________(permit)toreturntotheirhomes.④We'llhaveapicnicatthebeach,ifweather________(permit).⑤Inourschool,nostudentcangooutoftheclassroom________(未經(jīng)許可).⑥Maryis________________________(懇求她母親的許可)tomarryTom,sayingheisaresponsibleyoungman.7.severeadj.(問(wèn)題、傷勢(shì)、疾病等)很嚴(yán)峻的Hehadasevereillness.他得了嚴(yán)峻的疾病。[歸納探究]severeinjury重傷severepollution嚴(yán)峻的污染severelyadv.嚴(yán)峻地[聯(lián)想拓展]severe還有“寒冷的”意思，搭配：aseverewinter“嚴(yán)冬”。severe還有“嚴(yán)厲的”意思，搭配：besevereon/withsb.對(duì)某人很嚴(yán)厲[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)otoristsshouldbepunished________(severe)fordangerousdriving.②Thecourtsarebecomingmoresevere________youngoffenders(犯罪者).③我將會(huì)嚴(yán)格要求自己，請(qǐng)信任我吧！Iwill____________________.Pleasejustbelieveme.熟登記列重要單詞及短語(yǔ)①mostimportantly最重要的是②restorethenaturalenvironment復(fù)原自然環(huán)境③dealwithglobalwarming應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖④reusablewaterbottle可重復(fù)運(yùn)用的水瓶⑤reducethegreenhouseeffect削減溫室效應(yīng)⑥establishv．建立，設(shè)立→establishedadj.已確立的→establishmentn．建立，確立⑦restorev．使復(fù)原→restoredadj.復(fù)原的→restorationn．修復(fù)⑧sustainvt.保持，維持→sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的⑨reducev．削減，降低→reductionn．削減⑩infectv．傳染→infectedadj.受感染的→infectionn．感染v.-ing和v.-ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一、語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象感知①Wesawtheboyenteringtheroom.②Shefeltherheartbeatingfast.③IheardthegirlsingingtheEnglishsonginherroomwhenIpassedby.④Youmustgettheworkfinishedby10o'clock.⑤Johnfoundallhismoneystoleninthestreet.⑥Whathesaidatthemeetingmadethelistenerspuzzled.二、語(yǔ)法規(guī)則理解1．句①②③為v.-ing形式作________，分別構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)seesb.doingsth.,feelsth./sb.doingsth.和hearsb.doingsth.，詳細(xì)描述theboy,herheart和thegirl的動(dòng)作，表示“望見”，“感到”“聽見”某人/某事正在發(fā)生。2．句④⑤⑥為________作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，分別構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)getsth.done,findsth.done和makesb./sth.done結(jié)構(gòu)，詳細(xì)描述thework,allhismoney和thelisteners的狀態(tài)。微點(diǎn)撥v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)與前面的賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系；v.-ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)與前面的賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯被動(dòng)關(guān)系。v.-ing和v.-ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一、v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)v．-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或常常存在的狀態(tài)，與賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系。v.-ing形式常作以下動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1．表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))，如see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。?Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.我感覺有人站在我后面。?Isawthelittleboycryingthere.我看到小男孩正在那里哭。2．表示使動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)詞，如have,keep,get,leave等。?Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。?Iwon'thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允許你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。微點(diǎn)撥使役動(dòng)詞后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示“讓……始終做某事”；當(dāng)have/keep/leave接不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示“讓某人做某事”；當(dāng)have/get/keep/leave后接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示“主語(yǔ)請(qǐng)某人做某事、使某事完成或主語(yǔ)遭受某事”。?Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.當(dāng)心，否則會(huì)弄傷手的。3．用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，其中v.－ing形式與前面的名詞或代詞之間構(gòu)成邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系。?Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.由于噪聲不斷，我沒(méi)法做家庭作業(yè)。?Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.這么多人看著她，她感到驚慌。二、v.-ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1．v.-ed形式即過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，往往是說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，賓語(yǔ)是其邏輯主語(yǔ)，一般是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者，即邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。?Isawhiseyesfixedonmewithcuriosity.我望見他的眼睛盯著我，充溢了新奇。?WewanttheworkfinishedbySaturday.我們想要在周六前完成工作。?Wefoundthehousedeserted.我們發(fā)覺這所房子被廢棄了。微點(diǎn)撥在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（with＋名詞/代詞＋非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）中，當(dāng)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的名詞或代詞表示邏輯被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用過(guò)去分詞；表示邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在分詞；表示目的或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，用動(dòng)詞不定式。?Withthehomeworkfinished,Tomwentouttoplaywithhisfriends.家庭作業(yè)完成了，湯姆和他的摯友們出去玩了。2．能接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(1)表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如see，hear，feel,watch,notice,think,consider,find等；(2)表示“致使”或“保持某狀態(tài)”意義的動(dòng)詞，如make,get,have,keep,leave等；(3)表示“希望、要求、吩咐”意義的動(dòng)詞，如want,wish,like,expect,order等。?Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.我們望見小偷被警察抓住了。?Don'tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.不要讓這么重要的事沒(méi)有人做。?Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。?Iwantthehousewhitewashedbeforewemovein.我想要房子在我搬進(jìn)去之前粉刷完。Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Ifwe________(全身心投入)ourselvestoathing,wecanrelievetension.2．Hispresentation________(強(qiáng)調(diào))theimportanceofsustainabledevelopment.3．Their________(殘忍)toanimalsarousedpeople'sanger.4．________(狩獵)isforbiddeninthisreserve.5．Theprogrammercanhelpyoumakethe________(展示)ofyourstagetrulytypical.6．Inordertopreventtheextinctionofthisspecies,thegovernmentsetupaspecial________(愛護(hù)區(qū)).7．Thebossgaveeachofhis________(員工)asouvenir.8．Inordertobetteradapttothesociety,peopleusually________(建立)interpersonalnetworks.9．Hiseyesightsufferedsevere________(損壞)becausehesatinfrontofscreenforlong.10．Wehavenotenoughfoodtoeatduetothe________(干旱).11．Thefirmattitudegaveamessageofhopetopeoplelivingin________(沉沒(méi)的)areas.12．Thesearechangesthatdirectly________(影響)youorsomeaspectsofyourlife.13．Howwilltheyarrangeforadaily________(供應(yīng))offoodtothefloodvictims?Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)填空makeapresentation,bereducedto,withoutpermission,devoteoneselfto,insteadof,release...from1．Theaudienceclappedforthemusicianwho________________musiconthestage.2．WhenallthemembersreachShanghai,thehostwill________________attheconference.3．SinceSeptemberthisyear,thecostsoftheequipment________________50dollars.4．Ahundredtonsofchemicalsayear________________thefactory,whichcausedseverepollution.5．Thepolarbeartoysaremadebyhand________________bymachine,sotheyareveryexpensive.6．Thepostonthewallsaysvisitorscan'ttouchtheequipmentandtakephotos________________．Ⅲ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Igotthestory________(write)inEnglish.2．Ourmanagerlefttheproblem________(unsettle).3．Iheardsomeone________(call)mynamewhenwalkingalongthestreet.4．Witheverythingwell________(arrange),helefttheoffice.5．Atthatmom