機電設(shè)備定期點檢 Regular Spot Check o

設(shè)備管理與維修預(yù)防EquipmentManagementandPreventiveMaintenance機電設(shè)備定期點檢RegularSpotCheckofElectromechanicalEquipment柳州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院/機電工程學(xué)院LiuzhouVocationalandTechnicalCollege/SchoolofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering課程導(dǎo)入CourseIntroduction設(shè)備是不會說話的嬰兒，嬰兒:會動，會哭，會撒嬌，

Equipmentislikenon-verbalbabies:Theycanmove,cry,andcoo,設(shè)備:振動、噪音、泄漏來抗議、來引起我們的關(guān)注；

Equipment:Makevibration,noise,andleakagetoprotestandattractourattention;人們總是希望：又要馬兒跑，又要馬兒少吃草！

Itisalwayshopedthathorsesrunfastwhileeatinglessgrass!該頁為二維動畫Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation目錄Contents學(xué)習(xí)

內(nèi)容LearningContents一

/I.機電設(shè)備定期點檢定義DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment二

/II.機電設(shè)備定期點檢目的PurposeofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment三

/III.機電設(shè)備定期點檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment四

/IV機電設(shè)備定期點檢內(nèi)容ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment五

/V.數(shù)控機床定期點檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools一、設(shè)備定期點檢的定義I.DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforEquipment設(shè)備定期點檢的定義DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforEquipment設(shè)備通過人的五感或者借助工具、儀器，按照預(yù)先設(shè)定的周期和方法，對設(shè)備上的規(guī)定部位（點）進行有無異常的預(yù)防性周密檢查的過程。

Itreferstotheprocessinvolvingpreventiveandthoroughinspectionsofspecifiedareas(points)onequipment

forabnormalities,usinghumanfivesensesortoolsandinstruments,followingpredeterminedcyclesandmethods.種類Type檢查方法Inspectionmethod設(shè)備對象Equipmentobject責(zé)任人Responsibleperson周期Cycle檢查內(nèi)容InspectionContents定期點檢Regularspotcheck無需解體，憑五官及簡單儀器進行檢查Nodisassemblyisrequired,andtheexaminationshallbecarriedoutwithhumansenseandsimpleinstruments產(chǎn)品主作業(yè)生產(chǎn)線Mainoperationproductionlineofproducts專職點檢員Dedicatedinspector按維護保養(yǎng)計劃而定，通常為0.5天-1天Itisdeterminedaccordingtothemaintenanceschedule,usuallyrangingfrom0.5daysto1day設(shè)備運行前檢查振動、溫升、磨損、異響、松動、漏水、氣、油、潤滑狀態(tài)等Checkthevibration,temperaturerise,wear,abnormalsound,looseness,waterleakage,air,oil,andlubricationstatusbeforeequipmentoperation局部解體或循環(huán)維修的方法，或用儀器、儀表測試等方法Methodsofpartialdisassemblyorcyclicmaintenance,ortheuseofinstrumentsandtestingmethods單臺設(shè)備或產(chǎn)品主作業(yè)生產(chǎn)線Mainoperationproductionlineofsingleequipmentorproduct專職點檢員Dedicatedinspector按設(shè)備維護保養(yǎng)計劃定，通常為1天-1周Itisdeterminedaccordingtothemaintenancescheduleofequipment,usuallyrangingfrom1dayto1week傳動機構(gòu)、進給機構(gòu)、潤滑系統(tǒng)、冷卻系統(tǒng)等檢查、清掃、緊固、調(diào)整Check,clean,fasten,andadjustthedrivingmechanism,feedingmechanism,lubricationsystem,andcoolingsystem視覺Visual聽覺Hearing嗅覺Smell觸覺Tactile味覺Taste看Look聽Listen聞Smell摸Touch嘗Taste二、機電設(shè)備定期點檢目的II.PurposeofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment機電設(shè)備定期點檢目的機電設(shè)備定期點檢目的通過定期點檢準(zhǔn)確掌握設(shè)備狀況，提前維持和改善設(shè)備工作性能，預(yù)防事故發(fā)生，減少停機時間，延長設(shè)備壽命，降低維修費用，保證正常生產(chǎn)

Accuratelyassesstheconditionofequipmentthroughregularinspections,proactivelymaintainandimproveoperationalperformance,preventaccidents,reducedowntime,extendequipmentlifespan,lowermaintenancecosts,andensureuninterruptedproduction.接線端接觸不良Poorcontactofterminals皮帶破損Beltdamage三、機電設(shè)備定期點檢方法III.MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment機電設(shè)備定期點檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁為二維動畫Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation機電設(shè)備定期點檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁為二維動畫Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation詳細(xì)設(shè)定設(shè)備應(yīng)檢查的部位、項目及內(nèi)容，做到有目的、有方向地實施點檢作業(yè)。Thedetailedconfigurationspecifiesthelocations,items,andcontentthatshouldbeinspected,ensuringthatthespotcheckiscarriedoutpurposefullyanddirectionally.1定點：Fixedpoint:機電設(shè)備定期點檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁為二維動畫Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation即制訂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，作為衡量和判別檢查部位是否正常的依據(jù)。Itestablishesstandardsasthebasisformeasuringanddeterminingwhetherinspectionsitesfunctioningnormally.2定標(biāo)：Fixedstandard:實拍機電設(shè)備定期點檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁為二維動畫Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation對檢查項目制訂明確的檢查方法，即采用“五官”判別，或是借助于簡單的工具、儀器進行判別。Theformulationofspecificinspectionmethodsforinspectionitemsusesthe'fivesenses'judgmentorreliesonsimpletoolsandinstrumentsforjudgment.3定法：Fixedmethod:紅外測溫儀Infraredthermometer鉗形電流表Clip-onammeter機電設(shè)備定期點檢方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment該頁為二維動畫Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation制訂點檢周期，按設(shè)備重要程度、檢查部位是否重點等。Establishthepointcheckcyclebasedontheimportanceofequipmentandwhethertheinspectionpointsarecritical.4定期：Fixedperiod:制訂點檢項目的實施人員（生產(chǎn)、點檢、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員等）。Thepersonnelresponsibleforimplementinginspectionprojects(productionstaff,inspectionpersonnel,andprofessionalswithtechnicalexpertise).5定人：Fixedpeople:四、機電設(shè)備定期點檢內(nèi)容IV.ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment機電設(shè)備定期點檢內(nèi)容ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment緊固Fastening清潔Cleaning加油Refueling加油Refueling五、數(shù)控機床定期點檢作業(yè)V.RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools數(shù)控機床定期點檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（一）定期點檢的目的和作用(I)Thepurposeandfunctionofregularspotchecks延長平均無故障時間，增加機床的開動率；

Extendtheaveragetimebetweenfaultsandincreasethemachinetooloperationrate;便于及早發(fā)現(xiàn)故障隱患，避免停機損失；

Facilitatesearlydetectionoffaultsandriskstoavoiddowntimelosses;期保持?jǐn)?shù)控設(shè)備的加工精度。

MaintainthemachiningprecisionofCNCequipmentoverthelongterm.例如Forexample定期檢查、調(diào)整絲杠螺母副的軸向間隙。Regularlyinspectandadjusttheaxialclearanceofthescrewandnutassembly.主軸Spindle冷卻風(fēng)管Coolingairduct滾珠絲杠內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)BallscrewInternalstructure數(shù)控機床定期點檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools1.定點1.Fixedpoint確定維護點Determinethemaintenancepoints2.定標(biāo)2.Fixedstandard對維護點制訂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Establishstandardsformaintenancepoints3.定期3.Fixedperiod定出檢查周期Determinetheinspectionperiod4.定項4.Fixeditem明確檢查項目Specifytheinspectionitems5.定人5.Fixedpeople落實到人Assignedtospecificpersonnel6.定法6.Fixedmethod檢查方法Inspectionmethod7.檢查7.Inspection檢查步驟Inspectionsteps8.記錄8.Record詳細(xì)做記錄內(nèi)容與時間Recordcontentandtimeindetail9.處理9.Treatment能處理的則做處理Treatthosethatcanbetreated10.分析10.Analysis分析找出薄弱環(huán)節(jié)Analyzeandidentifyweaklinks時長不足的情況下可以考慮做成二維動畫Two-dimensionalanimationcanbeconsideredincaseofinsufficientduration（二）定期點檢的內(nèi)容(II)Contentsofregularspotcheck數(shù)控機床定期點檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools1.日常點檢1.Dailyspotcheck機床的一般部位進行點檢。Performspotchecksonthegeneralpartsofthemachinetool.2.專職點檢2.Full-timespotcheck機床的關(guān)鍵部位和重要部位進行點檢。Performspotchecksonkeyandvitalcomponentsofthemachinetool.3.生產(chǎn)點檢3.Manufacturingspotcheck對生產(chǎn)運行中的數(shù)控機床進行點檢。PerformspotchecksonCNCmachinetoolsduringproductionoperations.（三）定期點檢的分類(III)Classificationofregularspotcheck（四）定期點檢的優(yōu)缺點(IV)Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofregularspotcheck可以把出現(xiàn)的故障和性能的劣化消滅在萌芽狀態(tài)，防止過修或欠修。Itcaneliminatefaultsanddegradationatanearlystage,preventingover-maintenanceorunder-maintenance.優(yōu)點Advantage定期點檢工作量大Heavyworkloadofregularspotcheck缺點Disadvantage數(shù)控機床定期點檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（五）定期點檢的項目(V)Regularspotcheckitems1.日檢

1.Dailyinspection2.周檢

2.Weeklyinspection3.月檢

3.Monthlyinspection4.季檢

4.Seasonalinspection1）液壓系統(tǒng)

1)Hydraulicsystem2）主軸潤滑系統(tǒng)

2)Spindlelubricationsystem3）導(dǎo)軌潤滑系統(tǒng)

3)Guideraillubricationsystem4）冷卻系統(tǒng)

4)Coolingsystem5）氣壓系統(tǒng)

5)Pneumaticsystem1）機床零件1)Machinetoolparts2）主軸潤滑系統(tǒng)2)Spindlelubricationsystem3）機床零件清除鐵屑3)Removescrapironfrommachinetoolparts4）進行外部雜物清掃4)Cleantheexternaldebris1）電源1)Power2）空氣干燥器2)Airdryer1）機床床身1)Machinetoolbed2）液壓系統(tǒng)2)Hydraulicsystem3）主軸潤滑系統(tǒng)3)Spindlelubricationsystem數(shù)控機床定期點檢作業(yè)RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（五）定期點檢的項目(V)Regularspotcheckitems5.年檢5.Annualinspection6.不定期檢查6.Casualinspection1）每半年1)Semi-annually滾珠絲杠：清洗舊潤滑脂，涂上新的油脂Ballscrew:cleantheoldgreaseandapplynewgrease液壓油路：清洗溢流閥、減壓閥、濾油器及油箱箱底、更換或過濾液壓油Hydraulicoilcircuit:Cleanthereliefvalve,pressure-reducingvalve,oilfilter,andtankbottom,andreplaceorfilterhydraulicoil2）每年2)Annually檢查并更換直流伺服電機碳刷；InspectandreplacethecarbonbrushoftheDCservomotor;檢查換向器表面，吹凈碳粉，去毛刺Checkthesurfaceofthereversingswitch,blowoffcarbondust,anddeburr更換長度過短的電刷，跑合后使用潤滑液壓泵、濾油器清洗，清理池底，更換濾油器Replaceshort-lengthbrushes,cleanthehydraulicpumpandfilterwithlubricatingfluidafterrunningin,clearthepoolbottom,andreplacetheoilfilter1）檢查各軸軌道上鑲條、壓緊滾輪松緊狀態(tài)（按機床說明書調(diào)整）1)Checkthetightnessofinsertsoneachaxistrackandthestateofthetensioningrollers(adjustaccordingtothemachinetoolmanual)2）冷卻水箱：檢查液面高度，太臟、更換，清理水箱底部，經(jīng)常清洗過濾器2)Coolingwatertank:Checktheliquidlevelandreplaceitifitistoodirty.Cleanthebottomofthewatertankandthefilterfrequently3）排屑器：經(jīng)常清理鐵屑、檢查有無卡住3)Chipremover:Cleantheironfilingsfrequentlyandcheckwhetheritisstuck4）清理廢油池：及時取油池中廢油，以免外溢4)Cleaningofwasteoilpool:takethewasteoilfromtheoilpoolintimetoavoidoverflow5）調(diào)整主軸驅(qū)動帶松緊：按機床