大學(xué)英語四級期末考試試卷(選修課)

PAGEPAGE2華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)期末考試試卷（選修課）2013-2014學(xué)年第一學(xué)期考試科目：大學(xué)英語四級詞匯精講考試類型：（開卷）考試考試時間：90分鐘學(xué)號姓名年級專業(yè)題號一二三四五六總分得分評閱人注意事項：請考生按規(guī)定的時間和地點參加考試。請按考場座位表順序坐好，將手機關(guān)機或調(diào)到靜音。請將自己的姓名、學(xué)號、班級寫在試題冊和答題紙上的相應(yīng)位置。答題紙上的學(xué)號須用簽字筆從左到右填涂（如：201230900201的學(xué)號需填寫201230900201）。請仔細讀懂題目的說明，按要求作答，答案請寫在答題紙上?？荚嚂r間90分鐘。考試結(jié)束時，請考生留在座位上，等監(jiān)考人員將試卷收齊清點完畢后方可離開考場。所有試題冊和答題紙均不得帶出考場?？忌蛔袷匾陨弦?guī)定，導(dǎo)致試卷或答題紙丟失，或因填寫錯誤造成無法看清等其他問題的，后果由考生自己承擔(dān)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請監(jiān)考老師將試題冊和答題紙按學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)點清。得分PartICollocation（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed20minutestofillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.注意：此部分題請在答題紙上作答。frameworkinspireuprightrivalparallelmanipulatehollowconsideratestretchelasticsoarrespectiveacknowledgemoderateevidenceconsumerestrictremedycalculateTypicalmodifysufficientderiveselectinterfereimpactadvisablesupplementLifewithoutagoalis________.Trytofindsomethingmeaningfultodo.Itstandstoreasonthatifyouare________andfriendlytopeopleyouwillgetalotmoreback.Whenthetwomancamehead-toheadforthefirsttimeasbossesof______clubs,itwastheFrenchmanwhocameoutontop.Ourplanis_______.Whennecessary,wecanmakechangestoitaccordingly.Theexpertsarefascinatedbytheideaofcomputerswithintellects_______orexceedingMan’s.Hewantedtobeagreatleaderbutunfortunatelyhedidnot_________manyofthosearoundhim,andtobehonest,dedidlittletochangethis.Theyweretoldthatscientistswouldsoonbeableto________theageingprocess.Itisatruthuniversally_______thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.Fishtradersattributedthe_______pricetoshortsupplyoffishesanddryingupofwaterbodiesinthearea.SteveandIwereatverydifferentstagesinour______careers.ChurchHill,althoughoffairly______sizecomparedwithsomeofitsneighbors,isadelightfultwo-storybuildingofstone.Ifyourweightremainsconstantyoumustbeusingupallyourcalories,butifyougainingweightthensomeofthecaloriesyou________arebeingstoredasfat.Idon’tthinkit________thatTimbeassignedthejobsincehehasnoexperience.Mealshavetobe________fromtheiroriginalstatesothattheywillhaveabeneficialeffectonthebody.Hisfacewasveryred,whichwasaclear_______ofhisfever.Familieswithchildrentendtobe________astowhentheycantaketheirvacations.They__________thattheagingpopulationisaddingonepercentInthecaseofapollutedriver,the________liesinthehandsofthenationalgovernment.Thechangeinleadershipwillhaveahuge_________ongovernmentpolicy.Given________time,withotherthingsremainingunchanged,pricesandwageswouldeventuallybeadjustedandfullemploymentmaybeachieved.得分PartIIParaphrase(本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave20minutestoreplacetheunderlinedpartsinthefollowingsentenceswiththeexpressionsbelowthatbestkeeptheoriginalmeaning.注意：此部分題請在答題紙上作答。goupatrisksumupbouncebackoutofbreathderivefromgotozerouptotakeinthrowupingeneralinterferewithbenefitfromseparatefrominthesamewaythatapplytoengageinasuccessionofgothroughincontrast(to)stemfrominresponsetobeassociatedwithinadditiontoFocusonattributeto1.Hefeltdepressedwhenhissuggestionwasrefused,butitdidn’ttakelongforhimtofeelOKagain._____________________________________________________________________2.Attheendoftheclasstheteacherexpressedbrieflythemainpointsofthelessoninthreesentences._____________________________________________________________________3.Asmanyas1,000peopleattendedtheopeningceremony._____________________________________________________________________4.ThechildrentherearebeingputindangereverydaybecausemanycareworkersstilldonotknowhowtoprotectthemfromHIV._____________________________________________________________________5.Thespiritofthethefootballteamfelltoitslowestaftertheteam’sthirddefeat._____________________________________________________________________6.Thedemandforironincreasesaspeopledomorephysicalexercises._____________________________________________________________________7.Unfortunately,yourfeelingsaboutwritinghavesomenegativeeffectsonyourabilitytowrite._____________________________________________________________________8.Thesevitaminsandminerals,ultimatelycomingfromfood,arethenecessarysourcesofenergyforanimals._____________________________________________________________________9.Inmostcases,about70%ofgraduatesareofferedpositionsuponapplication._____________________________________________________________________10.It’sgoodtostandontopofthehillandhavedeepbreathsoffreshair._____________________________________________________________________11.Computerscanbeusedforafarwiderangeoftasks,includinglinguisticstudents._____________________________________________________________________12.Asananswertoyourinquiryaboutthepossibilityofcomingtoourschoolasavisitingscholar,Ihavethefollowingopinionsforyoutoconsider._____________________________________________________________________13.Peoplearenowawarethatirondeficiencyhassomethingtodowithone’sdailydiet._____________________________________________________________________14.Hispublicstatementhavealwaysbeendifferentfromhisprivateopinions._____________________________________________________________________15.Physicalactivityisbeneficialtothebrainjustasmentalactivityistoit._____________________________________________________________________16.Thefallinthenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasesisgenerallybelievedtobebroughtaboutbyimprovementsindiet._____________________________________________________________________17.Therearethreestagestocompletetoimprovehisironstatus._____________________________________________________________________18.Theycameclosetobeggingallscientiststorefusetocarryoutmilitaryresearchbutthenbackedoffatthelastmoment.___________________________________________________________________19.ButIhavegottenmuchhelpfromhavingastable,normalhomelifeinthecountry.____________________________________________________________________20.MostofthecriticismdirectedatmeistheresultofthestandthatIhavetakeninthepast._____________________________________________________________________得分PartIIIBankedCloseofReadinginDepth(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)

Directions：FillintheblanksinthefollowingpassagebyselectingsuitablewordsfromtheWordBank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.注意：此部分試題請在答題紙上作答。A)remedyB)healC)storeD)processE))confessF)acknowledgeG)moderateH)modestI)advisableJ)absorbedK)enduranceL)persistenceM)numberN)allowanceO)supplementsWomenwhoexercisesregularlyneedtobecarefulwithwhattheyeat.Researchershavefoundevidencethateven__1___exercisecanresultinlosingiron.Theysaidthatwomenexerciseregularly,especiallyin___2___activities,typicallyloseiron.Inordertopreventthisfrombecomingaproblem,itisimportantthatthosewomenconsumemoremeatortake___3___toreplacetheironlost.Thosewhodonotbothertogetplentifulamountsofironmaybegintofeelweakandtired.“Ifyoucangettherecommendeddaily____4___ofironinyourdiet,youwillprobablyperformbetter,”saidonedietspecialist.“Oneshortcomingoftakingironpillsisthatthepillformisnotwell___5____andcansometimesmakeyousick.Itispreferablethatyoutryto___6___thedeficiencybygettingmoreiron-richmeatsinyourdiet.Therearewaystohelpyourbody____7___awaytheironittakesin.BygettingplentBygettingplentyofVitaminC,yourbodyisableto____8___，orusetheironbetter.Researchers___9____thateveryone’sbodyisdifferentandtheproblemwilbelessseriousforsome.Becauseitisimpossibletodecidewhetherornotthiscouldbeaproblemforyou,healthspecialistssayitis___10___tocheckyourironlevels.Evenwhenyoucan’tfeelit,youmaystillhaveaproblem.得分PartIVCloze(本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethewordorphrasetofillineachblank.注意：此部分試題請在答題紙上作答。JimFixxhadbeenaheavysmokerandweighed214poundswhenhe__1___runningin1960s.Hesoon____2___thebenefitsfromrunning.Hisweightdecreased____3____60poundsbythetimehisbook,TheCompleteBookofRunning,waspublished.Hisbook___4____millionsofpeople.Inhisbookandontelevisiontalkshows,heextolledthebenefitsofphysicalexercisesandhowit___5___increasedtheaveragepeople’slifeexpectancy.Hisreadersandaudiencebecamemorehealth-consciousHowever,___6___theirshock,Fixxdiedattheageof52afterhisdailyrun.Manywhoopposedhisbeliefssaidthiswas___7___thatrunningwasharmful.However,hissupporters____8_____thattherealcauseofFixx’sdeathwasaheartattack.Hecamefromafamilywheremenhadpoorhealthstories.Hisfather___9__aheartattackattheageof35anddiedofoneat42.____10____Fixx’sunhealthylifestyleuntilhetookuprunning,manyarguedthatrunningaddedmanyyearstohislife.“Runningdoeshaveitsshortcomings,”____11____heartspecialistsPaulThomas,inarecentmedicaljournal.“The___12___canbehardonyourknees.Runnersaremoraatriskduringtheirtraining,___13____iftheyrunmarathons.___14_____,thenewsforrunnersisn’tallbad.Evidencesuggestsinspiteofitsshortcomings,___15_____amountofrunningexercisecanactually____16____alonger,improvedlife.”Dr.DaleMacdonald,acertifiedStrengthandConditioningspecialistonce___17_____adiscussionbysaying,“___18___allathleticendeavors,runningcomeswithbothgreat__19____andinherentrisk.Morethan60%ofrunnerswillsufferaninjurythatcausesthemtotaketimeoffrunning—eachyear!”Healsosaidthatimprovingone’sbalancecanreducethe__20____ofinjury.1.A.tookdown B.tookin C.tookon D.tookup2.A.praised B.favored C.reaped D.applied3.A.at B.in C.by D.for4.A.inspired B.disappointed C.awarded D.rewarded5.A.compatibly B.advisably C.agreeably D.considerably6.A.to B.for C.by D.with7.A.endurance B.evidence C.supplement D.allowance8.A.rewrote B.revised C.reversed D.revealed9.A.obtained B.sustained C.suffered D.surpassed10.A.Despite B.Given C.For D.Becauseof11.A.acknowledges B.pledges C.communicates D.apologizes12.A.consequence B.impact C.weight D.press13.A.explicitly B.singularly C.commonly D.particularly14.A.However B.Furthermore C.Moreover D.Also15.A.extreme B.modest C.extensive D.moderate16.A.resultin B.keepto C.holdon D.comeabout17.A.tookup B.heldup C.putup D.summedup18.A.Asfor B.Asto C.Aswith D.As19.A.remedy B.outcome C.reward D.award20.A.likelihood B.chance C.opportunity D.probability得分PartVTranslation（本大題共30分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish..注意：此部分試題請在答題紙上作答，只需寫出譯文部分。起初，這對人們絕對是個震驚。有消息稱科學(xué)家已經(jīng)成功克隆了一只成年哺乳動物，一項長期以來被認為是不可能的成就。這一傳聞引發(fā)了每個人的想象。

克隆多莉（一只相貌無奇的綿羊）的實驗過程，從理論上說也同樣適用于克隆人類。一個克隆人的世界突然間近在咫尺，科幻小說變成了現(xiàn)實。此消息宣布之后，為了一個未知世界，一個充滿各種不可思議的可能性的未來，各國政府立即起草指導(dǎo)方針?？肆诸D總統(tǒng)命令一個全國委員會研究克隆在法律和道德上的含義。在歐洲，大多數(shù)國家都已禁止克隆人類，各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)此時也開始研究克隆其他物種的道德含義。就像相對論、原子裂變和第一次太空飛行一樣，多莉的出現(xiàn)給科學(xué)家、政治家和哲學(xué)家們提出了一長串難以解答的難題。關(guān)于克隆的奇怪問題不斷涌現(xiàn)。首先，為什么有人想克隆人類?專家們考慮得最多的關(guān)于克隆人類的情形可以分為兩大類：1)父母想要克隆孩子，要么是想為面臨死亡威脅的孩子提供移植器官，要么是想代替那個孩子；2)成年人出于各種各樣的原因想要克隆自己。是否可能克隆死去的人?有位專家說，如果是剛死去不久，也許就可能。所使用的克隆方法要求將一個卵細胞和一個含有被克隆人的DNA的細胞核相結(jié)合。(DNA是一種含有我們的基因信息的狹長帶狀分子。這就意味著細胞核必須保持完整。而人死之后，細胞死亡，細胞核就開始分裂。但是，的確，至少從理論上說克隆死去的人是可能的?？寺〉娜藭湍副疽荒Ｒ粯訂?相同的基因不會復(fù)制出相同的人。任何認識一些雙胞胎的人都知道這一點。事實上，雙胞胎相像的程度勝于克隆人，因為他們至少在母體內(nèi)分享過相同的環(huán)境，通常也在同一個家庭里被撫養(yǎng)長大，等等。父母可能克隆出一個面貌與第一個孩子相似的人，但是所有的證據(jù)都表明，這兩個人的個性會有很大差異。一出生就被分開的雙胞胎，有時可能有相同的個性特征，但是這樣的特征出現(xiàn)在克隆的兒子或女兒身上，卻只能令人想起失去的孩子。即使從生物學(xué)的角度看，克隆人也不會和“母本”一模一樣。比如，克隆人的細胞可能會有來自卵子而非被克隆人的能量加工機制。然而，在母體和克隆體之間存在的身體差異大部分都很小，需要在設(shè)備精良的實驗室里才能測定。唯一可能的例外就是生育能力。成功地實施了克隆多莉的科學(xué)家們也不敢肯定多莉是否能生育。他們會等到多莉到了生育年齡時再確認這一點。如果父母決定克隆一個孩子以獲得器官，那會怎樣?多數(shù)專家都認為，如果一個孩子感到自己只是作為一個器官捐贈者來到這個世界，那他的心理可能受到傷害。但也有為了進行一些非致命器官的移植而生育第二個小孩的父母，對此許多專家也并不反對?？寺】梢詫⒔M織適配率從25%提高到將近100%。如果把被克隆的動物用作器官捐贈體，那我們就不必擔(dān)心為器官移植而克隆雙胞胎了。例如，豬的器官就和人類的差不多大小。但是人體會排斥并破壞來自其他物種的組織。為了克服這一障礙，一家公司正在試圖改變豬的基因碼，以避免豬的器官受到排斥。如果該公司的技術(shù)人員成功的話，那么用克隆技術(shù)來繁殖這樣的豬比用現(xiàn)行的方法更為有效?？寺〉娜藢⑷绾畏Q呼其DNA捐贈者?稱呼“媽媽”不正確，因為提供卵子并生下嬰孩的女子才更有資格被稱為母親。

稱呼“爸爸”也不對。傳統(tǒng)意義上的父親只提供孩子身上一半的DNA。朱迪斯·馬丁在用筆名“禮儀小姐”撰寫的著作里建議這樣稱呼：“尊敬的先生/夫人”。為什么呢?“不論他們用什么方式將你帶到這個世界，”她說，“人總得尊敬自己的祖先?！边@樣做還是留下了一些詞匯上的難題。一本詞典的主編說，名詞“被克隆者”聽起來不錯，但卻不夠明晰。他更愿意用“母本”和“副本”。克隆對社會還有什么其他含義?最讓人擔(dān)心的不是克隆本身，而是基因工程──即根據(jù)特定的要求故意改變基因來創(chuàng)造人類。具體地說，有些專家擔(dān)心會出現(xiàn)一個新的（和不被尊重的）社會階層，即“克隆階層”。有位專家相信，這一情形類似于16世紀時的一種情況，當(dāng)時的歐洲人對如何對美洲的陌生居民進行歸類感到困惑，并無休止地爭論他們究竟是不是人類。問題不勝枚舉，而人們只是剛剛開始探詢克隆技術(shù)出現(xiàn)后的世界的未來。華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)期末考試試卷答題紙（選修課）2013-2014學(xué)年第一學(xué)期考試科目：大學(xué)英語四級詞匯精講考試類型：（閉卷）考試時間：90分鐘學(xué)號：姓名：年級專業(yè)：_題號PartI（15’PartII（10’Part=3\*ROMANIII（10’+25’）Part=4\*ROMANIV（20’）Part=5\*ROMANV（10’）Part=6\*ROMANVI（10’）總分得分評閱人得分PartICollocation（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1._________2._________3.__________4._________5.____________6._________7._________8.__________9._________10.___________11.________12.________13._________14.________15.___________16.________17.________18._________19.________20.___________得分PartIIParaphrase(本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1._________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.___________6._________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________11.________12._________13._________14.__________15._________16.________17._________18._________19.__________20._________得分PartIIIBankedClozeofReadinginDepth(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)

1.__________2.__________3.__________4._________5.___________.6.._________7.__________8.__________9._________10.___________得分PartIVCloze（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分)1._______2.________3.________4.________5.__________6._______7.________8.________9.________10._________11._______12.________13._________14._________15.__________16._______17.________18._________19._________20.__________得分PartVTranslation（本大題共30分)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________--_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________