牛津譯林版八年級英語上冊單元速記•巧練Unit6【速記清單】(原卷版+解析)

Module2Unit6BirdwatchingUnit6核心話題了解鳥類，保護(hù)鳥類重點(diǎn)詞匯1.bird-watching2.market3.natural4.hen5.yummy6.crane7.sparrow8.feather9.swan10.eagle11.broad12.wing13.type14.rare15.nature.ect重點(diǎn)短語providesth.(forsb.），allyearround，inorderto，leadto,lessandless,keepfinishing,asaresult,themembersof………,changesintheirnumbersinvitesb.todosth.,takesth.withsb.,makesb.do.sth.,apairofbinocularswhatelse,writedown,callsb.on…重點(diǎn)句型1Itisoneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands.2Theareaprovidesfoodandcoverforalotofwildlife.3Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.4Everyear,alotoftouristsgotoZhalongtowatchthebirds.5Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.6Wehopethiswillhelppeopleunderstandtheimportanceofthewetlands.7Usuallyittakeshourstowatchthebirds.Youmaygetthirsty.8Iamveryinterestedinlearningaboutdifferentkindsofplants,birdsandanimals.語法動詞不定式作目的狀語寫作關(guān)愛鳥類考點(diǎn)1encourageThescienceteacherencouragestheClass1,Grade8udentstojointheBird-watchingSocietytolearnmoreaboutbirdsinthewetlands.IwouldliketobecomeamemberoftheBird-watchingSocietyandtakepartinactivities.【考向1】encourage是及物動詞，之后常跟復(fù)合賓語，意思是“鼓勵”。常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是encouragesb.todosth.，意思是“鼓勵某人做某事”。如:1)Myteacheroftenencouragesmetohaveatry.老師經(jīng)常鼓勵我試一試。2)Myfatherencouragedmetocatchupwiththeotherstudentsinourclass.爸爸鼓勵我趕上我們班其他同學(xué)?！究枷?】【易混詞辨析】單詞/詞組意義與用法例句join意為“參加，加入”后接表示團(tuán)體的名詞或表示人的詞，指參加某種組織或某人的活動（組織，俱樂部，軍隊(duì)，黨派并成為其中一員）。jointheLeague 入團(tuán)jointheYoungPioneer入少先隊(duì)MygrandfatherwillneverforgetthedaywhenhejoinedtheParty.我爺爺永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了他人黨的那一天。Hisbrotherjoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.他哥哥是五年前參軍的。joinin參加某項(xiàng)運(yùn)動或小規(guī)模活動，如參加討論，球賽，游行罷工等。說參加某種活動用joinin，如說“與其人一起做某事”,則用joinsb.insth./doingsth.MayIjoininthegame?我可以參加這個游戲嗎？Comeandjoinusinthediscussion.來和我們一起討論吧！takepartin意為“參加（活動/會議等）”側(cè)重參加某項(xiàng)群眾性集體性的事業(yè)工作或活動，突出參加者在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。AgreatnumberofstudentstookpartinMay4Movement.大批學(xué)生參加了五四運(yùn)動。Wearegoingtohaveaparty.Doyouwanttotaktpartin?attend主要用于參加比較重要的場合與會議。Whowillattendthemeetingnextweek?下個星期哪些人會出席這次會議？【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·甘肅定西·八年級統(tǒng)考期中）DoctorZhongNanshan________teenagerstostudyhardinthefirstlessonofthisterm.A．trained B．made C．a(chǎn)llowed D．encouraged【寫作佳句】Yourteacherswillbealwaystheretoencourageyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.即使你沒有成功，你的老師也會一直在那里鼓勵你。考點(diǎn)2looklikeWhatdocraneslooklike?【考向】looklike意為“看起來像……”，like為介詞，后面常接名詞作賓語?！颈嫖觥縧ooklike表示“看起來像……”，指的是外表“像”-Whatdoeshelooklike?-Heisverytallandhandsome.belike指“品德，性格特征”等-Whatisshelike?-Sheisverykind.【經(jīng)典練】1．（2021秋·廣東深圳·八年級校考期中）Someanimalsaredyingoutinourcountry,________pandasandwhite﹣flagdolphins.Youcan________theirinformationintheencyclopedia.A．comparedwith;lookforB．including;lookupC．insteadof;looklikeD．suchas;lookafter【寫作佳句】Thebabypandalookslikeamouse.Itisonlyeightdaysold.熊貓寶寶看起來像只老鼠。它才八天大?？键c(diǎn)3watchthebirdsIoftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.我經(jīng)常去市場觀鳥?！究枷颉縲atchthebirds=gobirdwatching “觀鳥，看鳥”句中的towatchthebirds是動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作目的狀語。Tocatchthebus,hegotupearly.為了趕上公共汽車，他很早就起床了。MyparentscametoNewYorktoseemelastmonth.上個月我父母到紐約來看我?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Let’scrossthebridgeandgoto________sideoftherivertowatchthebirdsthere.A．theother B．a(chǎn)nother C．other D．one【寫作佳句】Theteachertoldustotrynottomakeanynoisewhilewatchingthebirds.老師叫我們盡量不要在看鳥的時候發(fā)出任何聲音?？键c(diǎn)4marketIlikethebirdsatthemarket.【考向】marketn.“市場”可數(shù)名詞，但常用單數(shù)?！竟潭ǘ陶Z】：atthemarket在市場上 freemarket自由市場 foodmarket食品市場 Jackisatthemarketshoppingforfruit. 杰克正在市場上買水果。【推展】market的派生詞為supermarket “超市”Theybuyfoodatthesupermarket.他們在超市買食物。【經(jīng)典練】1．EverySundayafternoon,theGreensgotothe________togetwhattheyneedindailylife.A．bank B．a(chǎn)irport C．island D．market【寫作佳句】HuaweiistryinghardtoopenupnewmarketsnotonlyinChinabutalsoinforeigncountries.華為正在努力開拓新的市場，不僅在中國，而且在國外?？键c(diǎn)5typeHowmanytypesofcranesarethereintheworld?世界上有多少種鶴？【考向】type的同義詞是kindhowmanytypes也可說成howmanykinds。atypeof…=akindof…一種…… differenttypes/kindsof各種各樣的，不同種類的 alltypesof各種各樣的Howmanytypes/kindsofbooksarethereontheshelf?【經(jīng)典練】1．Thesecretary_________aletterintheofficenow.A．type B．types C．istyping D．a(chǎn)retyping【寫作佳句】Facialrecognition（人臉識別）technologyiswidelyusedforpayment.Asaresult,weneedn’ttypethepasswords（密碼）anymore.面部識別技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用于支付。因此，我們不再需要輸入密碼了?？键c(diǎn)6naturereserves n.自然保護(hù)區(qū)ZhalongNatureReserveisinHeilongjiangProvinceinNorth-eastChina.扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)在中國東北的黑龍江省?！究枷?】naturereserves n.自然保護(hù)區(qū)thenaturalworld自然世界naturaldisasters adj.自然災(zāi)害（1）in表示方位，意為“在”，即一個小地方處在一個大地方的范圍（疆域）之內(nèi)。ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.【拓展】on表示方位，意為“在……端/邊”，即一個地方在另一個地方的某一端或某一邊，兩個地方只是相鄰或接壤，無包含關(guān)系。SichuanProvinceisonthenorthofGuizhouProvince. 四川省在貴州省的北邊。to表示方位，意為“在”，即一個地方在另一個地方的范圍之外，互不管轄。尤其指兩個地方相隔較遠(yuǎn)，且有湖泊、大海等區(qū)域相隔。JapanistotheeastofChina.日本在中國的東面?！究枷?】north-east為方位詞，意為“東北方”。ItsnowsheavilyinNorth-eastChinainwinter. 中國東北地區(qū)冬天下很大的雪。【歸納】表示方位的詞 西北north-west north北 north-east東北 ↖ ↑ ↗ 西west← →east東 ↙ ↓ ↘ 西南south-west south南 south-east東南【經(jīng)典練】1．—Whatdoyouthinkof_________naturereserveyouvisitedlastweek?—It’sgreat.Itis________idealhomeforwildlife.A．the;a B．a(chǎn)n;an C．a(chǎn);an D．the;an【寫作佳句】YanchengNatureReserveishometodifferentkindsofplantsandbirds.鹽城自然保護(hù)區(qū)是各種植物和鳥類的棲息地?？键c(diǎn)7oneofItisoneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands.它是世界上最重要的濕地之一?！究枷颉俊皁neof+the+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“最……之一”，形容詞前一般有the或物主代詞。Tomisoneofthetallestboysinhisclass.湯姆是他班上最高的男孩之一?！咀⒁狻慨?dāng)oneof作主語時謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。Oneofthemlikesswimming.他們中的一個喜歡游泳。【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·北京西城·八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Mikeisoneof________boysinourclass.A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest【寫作佳句】Stonehenge,arockcircle,isoneofthemostfamoushistoricalplacesinBritain.巨石陣是一個巖石圈，是英國最著名的歷史遺跡之一?？键c(diǎn)8provide vt.提供Theareaprovidesfoodandcoverforalotofwildlife.這個地區(qū)為眾多野生動物提供食物和棲息地?！究枷?】provide vt.提供providesb.withsth.“為某人／某物提供某物”providesth.forsb.Theriverprovideswaterforthevillagers.=Theriverprovidesthevillagerswithwater. 這條河流給村民們提供水?！緟^(qū)別】：offersbsth=offersthtosboffer主動提供【考向2】cover n.庇護(hù)所［U］封面；罩［C］stickitonthecover【經(jīng)典練】1．（2021秋·廣東東莞·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）—AreyougoingtoTibetforvacation?—Yes,Iwantyouto______mewithmoreinformationaboutit.A．offer B．provide C．a(chǎn)fford D．share【寫作佳句】Aftertheflood(洪水),thegovernmentprovidedpeoplewithlotsoffoodandmedicine.洪水過后，政府給人們提供了大量的食品和藥品?？键c(diǎn)9perfectItisaperfectplaceforsomerarebirds.【考向】perfectadj.1）極好的注意：perfect常表達(dá)一種絕對的意思，所以在使用時，不可以在它前面加比較副詞，如“moreperfect”，“veryperfect”?？梢哉f成thebest2）完美的：Nooneexpectsyoutobeperfect,butwedoexpectyoutodoyourbestalways.Theactorwasperfectforthispart. 這演員非常適合這個角色?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Summeris________perfecttimeforoutdooractivities.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the【寫作佳句】（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—It’sneithertoocoldnortoohotallyearroundinKunming,makingitaperfectplacetoliveinorvisit.——昆明一年四季不太冷也不太熱，是一個居住或旅游的好地方?？键c(diǎn)10allyearroundManybirdsliveinZhalongallyearround,whilesomegothereonlyforashortstay.許多鳥常年生活在扎龍，而有些鳥則僅去那兒作短暫停留。gothereforashortstay=staythereforashorttime在那做短暫停留【考向1】allyearround “一年到頭；常年；終年”，相當(dāng)于alltheyearround=duringthewholeyear通常在句子中作狀語。It’sspringallyearroundinKunming. 昆明一年四季如春?！就卣埂浚篴llday/nightlong整天/夜Someplacesintheworldarecoveredwithiceandsnowallyearround.【考向2】while 連詞，“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。HeisaworkerwhileIamadoctor. 他是個工人，而我是個醫(yī)生。一詞多義當(dāng).......時后接延續(xù)性動詞I’mdoingmyhomeworkwhilemymotheriswatchingTV.然而（做對比）Ilikedrinkingwarmwaterwhilemybrotherlikesdrinkingcoldwater.盡管，雖然=thoughWhileIgotupearly,Ididn’tcatchthefirstbus.n一小會=ashortmoment(n)一會兒stayforashortwhile短暫停留【考向3】forashortstay“短暫的停留”，在句中作狀語，stay n.停留，逗留保持健康stayhealthy“for＋一段時間”常跟在動詞后，表示“做某事一段時間”，對它提問時用howlong。Icanonlycomehereforashortstay.【經(jīng)典練】1．ItiswarminKunming________.A．a(chǎn)llyearround B．yearafteryear C．theyearafternext D．yearbyyear【寫作佳句】Ourcityisbeautifulallyearround,especiallyinspring.我們的城市一年四季都很美麗，尤其是在春天?？键c(diǎn)11percentTherearenotmanyleftintheworld,and40percentofthemliveinZhalong.世界上的鶴所剩不多，其中40%生活在扎龍?！究枷颉縫ercent n.可寫作percent，意為“百分之……”。常用于“數(shù)詞+percentof+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中名詞可以是復(fù)數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。“數(shù)詞+percentof+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞要與of后面的名詞保持一致?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Eighty________ofthelandiscoveredwithgrassandtrees.A．percent B．percents C．thepercent【寫作佳句】Seventy-fivepercentoftheteachersarewomenteachersinourschool.我們學(xué)校的老師中有75%都是女教師?？键c(diǎn)12inorderto“以便，為的是”Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.一些人想要減少濕地（的面積），以便為耕地和建筑用地騰出更多空間?！究枷?】inorderto意為“以便，為的是”，后接動詞原形，表示目的。其否定形式是inordernotto意為“以免”。Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.他起得很早，為了趕上第一班公交車。Bequietinthereadingroominordernottodisturbothers.在閱覽室里要安靜，以免打擾別人。【考向2】have/makespacefor…“給……騰出地方”，相當(dāng)于have/makeroomfor…，space不可數(shù)名詞，地方；空間=room【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·遼寧阜新·八年級阜新實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)校考期末）—WhydidJohngotoschoolsoearly?—________getagoodseatintheclass.A．Sothat B．Inorderthat C．Inorderto D．Asaresult【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Inordertokeepourenvironmentcleanandtidy,wemustthrowrubbishintothebins(垃圾箱).為了保持我們的環(huán)境干凈整潔，我們必須把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾箱?？键c(diǎn)13leadto“導(dǎo)致”Thiswillleadtolessandlessspaceforwildlife.這將會導(dǎo)致野生動物的空間越來越小?！究枷?】leadto意為“導(dǎo)致”，這里的to作介詞，后跟名詞或代詞。leadto還可以表示“引起；通向”。Thiswillleadtomanyproblemsinthefuture.這將導(dǎo)致以后的許多問題。Thesepassagesleadtotheroomsinside.這些走廊通向里面的房間。AllroadsleadtoRome. 條條大路通羅馬?！究枷?】lessandless意為“越來越少”，屬于“比較級+and+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“越來越……”。如果是多音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞，用“moreandmore+形容詞/副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。Thecityisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.這座城市變得越來越漂亮。【經(jīng)典練】1．Eatingtoomuchsugarcan_________healthproblems.A．getto B．pointto C．leadto D．beableto【寫作佳句】Justasthesayinggoes,“AllroadsleadtoRome.”正如俗話所說，“條條大路通羅馬?！笨键c(diǎn)14moreover9、Moreover,fishermenkeepfishinghere.moreover 此外類似的詞還有此外besides此外aswellwhat’smorealso(單獨(dú)用）inaddition如:Therentisreasonable,andmoreover,thelocationisperfect. 這房租合理,而且地點(diǎn)非常優(yōu)越?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Thecompositionisnotwellwritten._________,therearemanyspellingmistakesinit.A．However B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．Anyway【寫作佳句】（2021秋·廣東·八年級?？计谥校〧ailureisthemotherofsuccess.Moreover,youhavepassedtwodifficultexaminationsandyouareverysuccessful.失敗是成功之母。此外，你已經(jīng)通過了兩次困難的考試，你非常成功?？键c(diǎn)15asaresultAsaresult,thebirdsdonothaveenoughfoodtoeat.因此，鳥類沒有足夠的食物可吃?！究枷?】asaresult的含義和用法asaresult是一個習(xí)慣短語,意為“因此,結(jié)果”如:Asaresult,discussionwasputoffuntilthefollowingweek.結(jié)果討論被推遲到了下星期。asaresultofasaresultof意為“因?yàn)?由于,作為……的結(jié)果”,用來作狀語。Hewaslateasaresultof(=becauseof)theheavysnow.他遲到是由于大雪所導(dǎo)致的?！究枷?】enough在句中作形容詞，意為“足夠的，充分的”，可作定語修飾名詞，置于被修飾的名詞前后均可，也可作表語。Don’tworry.Wehaveenoughtimetocatchtheearlybus.不用擔(dān)心。我們有足夠的時間趕早班車?！就卣埂縠nough還可以作副詞，意為“充足地，足夠地”，可用來修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，通常置于被修飾詞之后。enough后面常接不定式短語或for短語?！癮dj./adv.+enoughtodosth”意為“足夠……做某事”。Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.這個男孩足夠大，可以去上學(xué)了?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2023·福建龍巖·八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Tomdidn’tlistentotheteachercarefully.________,hefailedtheexam.A．Inaword B．Infact C．Asaresult【寫作佳句】（2022秋·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Thissummer,thetemperaturewasextremelyhighanditseldomrained.Asaresult,manybigriversandlakesdriedup.今年夏天，溫度極高，幾乎沒有下雨。結(jié)果，很多大河和湖泊都干涸了?？键c(diǎn)16preventNowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.如今中國政府已經(jīng)制定了法律來阻止扎龍地區(qū)所有這些事情的發(fā)生?！究枷颉縫revent v.意為“防止，預(yù)約”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：preventsb(from)doingsth意為“阻止某人做某事”，from在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中可以省略。Canyouthinkofabetterwaytopreventthepollution?你能想個更好的辦法來阻止污染嗎？Nobodycanpreventus(from)goingthere.沒有人能阻止我我們?nèi)ツ抢??！就卣埂勘硎尽白柚鼓橙俗瞿呈隆钡钠渌Y(jié)構(gòu)stopsb(from)doingsthpreventsb(from)doingsthkeepsbfromdoingsthTheheavyrainkeptusfromarrivingontime.大雨讓我們沒能按時到達(dá)。Westoppedhimfromcominghere.我們阻止他來這里。【經(jīng)典練】1．—Maria,pleasereadthesematerialscarefullylater.Itwill________youfromgettinglostinmyclass.—OK,Mr.Black.I’lldoitrightaway.A．predict B．produce C．prevent【寫作佳句】（2023秋·福建龍巖·八年級統(tǒng)考期末）WhaleSafeisusedtopreventpeoplefromcatchingwhalesintheocean.鯨魚保險箱是用來防止人們在海里捕獲鯨魚的?？键c(diǎn)17recordWerecordtheirtypesandchangesintheirnumbers.我們記錄它們的種類和在數(shù)量上的變化。【考向1】record v.意思是“記錄；錄音”record[?rik?:d]v記錄記錄成績~scoresrecord[?'reko：d]n記錄錄音；唱片”，keep/breaktherecordof...保持、打破記錄n.recorder收音機(jī)Iwillrecordwhatyousay.我將把你說的話錄下來。Pleaseplaytherecordagain.【考向2】thechangesintheirnumbers“它們在數(shù)量上的變化”，change n.意思是“變化；改變,零錢”，介詞短語intheirnumbers作它的后置定語。表示在某一方面的變化或改變，通常用介詞in。changesin...在某方面的改變Eg:Weseethegreatchangesofthiscitywithourowneyes.Therewillbeagreatchangeintheprogramme.節(jié)目將會有很大的變動?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Inhisfreetime,helikestravelingaround,________hisdiscoveriesonthephone.A．recording B．torecord C．recorded D．records【寫作佳句】（2022春·福建福州·八年級統(tǒng)考期中）Karen’sparentswereproudofherbecauseshebroketheswimmingrecordinthesportsmeet.凱倫的父母為她感到驕傲，因?yàn)樗谶\(yùn)動會上打破了游泳紀(jì)錄?？键c(diǎn)18describeWearenowinvitingthemtohelpus.Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.【考向】invite的用法:invitesb.tosomeplace/todosth邀請某人去某地/去做某事,類似結(jié)構(gòu):needsb.todosth需要某人做某事describevt.描述 n.[C]descriptionthedescription(s)of…【經(jīng)典練】1．—Couldyou________yournewpettome,Jeff?—Sure.Itisablackcatandhasbigeyes.A．sell B．leave C．save D．describe【寫作佳句】it’sdifficulttodescribeit.Butsomepeoplebelieveit’sthefutureoftheInternet.很難描述它。但有些人相信它是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的未來?？键c(diǎn)19importance n.“重要性”Wehopethiswillhelppeopleunderstandtheimportanceofthewetlands.【考向】importance n.意為“重要性”；其形容詞是important，意為“重要的”。beimportant=beofimportance重要的【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·甘肅平?jīng)觥ぐ四昙壗y(tǒng)考期中）IthinkEnglishisn’tas________asChinese.A．muchimportantB．important C．muchmoreimportant D．moremuchimportant【寫作佳句】Totellpeopletheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.——告訴人們保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。考點(diǎn)20learnaboutStudyingZhalonghelpsuslearnaboutprotectingwildlife.【考向1】studying:動名詞作主語,也可用Tostudy作主語,但要注意的是:不能用動詞原形作主語【考向2】learnabout的含義:了解,學(xué)習(xí) learnaboutdoingsth 了解,學(xué)習(xí)(關(guān)于)做……?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2021秋·廣東深圳·八年級校聯(lián)考期中）IlikereadinghistoricalstoriesbecauseIcan________thingswhichhappenedmanyyearsago.A．careabout B．learnabout C．lookafter【寫作佳句】（2023·安徽蕪湖·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Ourteacherencouragesustovisitthemuseumbecauseitcanhelpuslearnmoreaboutthehistory.我們的老師鼓勵我們參觀博物館，因?yàn)樗梢詭椭覀兏嗟亓私鈿v史。入一．動詞不定式作目的狀語動詞不定式作目的狀語1．動詞不定式作目的狀語主要用來修飾動詞，表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的。為了使目的意義更加清楚或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)意義時，還可以在動詞前面加inorderto或soasto，意為“為了，目的是”。如：Hestoppedtoasktheway．他停下來問路。Iwillsitinthefrontinordertohearmoreclearly．為了聽得更清楚，我要坐在前面。2．動詞不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。如：Iwroteitdowninordernottoforget．為了不忘記，我把它寫了下來。3．由inorderto引導(dǎo)的目的狀語，既可以置于句首，也可以置于句尾，而由soasto引導(dǎo)的目的狀語，只能置于句尾，不能置于句首。如：Theystartedearlyinorderto/soastogetthereintime．Inordertogetthereintime，theystartedearly．Wedoafter-schoolactivitieseverydayinordertokeephealthy.=Inordertokeephealthywedoafter-schoolactivitieseveryday.4．動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語當(dāng)不定式有自己的主語時，要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(即在不定式前加for+．g詞或代詞賓格)作狀語。如：Heopenedthedoorforthechildrentocomein．為了讓孩子們進(jìn)來，他打開了門。動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語我們可以用動詞不定式來說明賓語的情況，此時動詞不定式在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語。動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，有帶to和不帶to兩種形式。分類常用動詞帶totell，ask，want，wouldlike，order，invite，get，allow，wish，encourage，advise，need，like，love,hate，teach等Theteachertoldustocomeearliertomorrow.Herparentswishhertobeateacher.Myteachertoldustowearschooluniforms．Pleaseaskthemnottomakenoise．不帶to一感（feel）二聽(hear，listento)三使（let,have,make）四看(see,watch,notice,lookat)Lettheboygooutnow.Thatboymadethebabycry.Mymotheroftenlistenstomeplaythepiano.,[注意]①動詞help后接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，不定式可以帶to也可以不帶to。Childrenshouldhelptheirparents（to）dothehousework.②動詞不定式的否定形式是仔原來的不定式前面加not.(nottodo/notdo)Theteachertoldusnottocopyothers’homework.Iwanttomakethelittlenotcry.總結(jié)兩種情況：帶to和不帶to如：asksbtodo;makesbdo帶to：ask,tell,order,invite,get,allow,wish,want,encourage,advise,warn,like,love,hate不帶to：感官動詞；使役動詞help半幫，可帶可不帶注意：seesbdo（表示狀態(tài)） seesbdoing（表示動作）二、寫作主題：關(guān)愛鳥類一、話題分析本單元的話題是“關(guān)愛鳥類”，要求學(xué)生能簡單介紹自己觀看鳥類的經(jīng)歷或申請加入關(guān)愛鳥類俱樂部。內(nèi)容包括觀看鳥類的地點(diǎn)、時間和經(jīng)歷或者申請者的姓名、年齡、性別、聯(lián)系方式、申請理由或者自身?xiàng)l件等。在具體的寫作中，學(xué)生應(yīng)做到以下幾點(diǎn)：1.能用動詞不定式靈活表達(dá)；2.能用正確的時態(tài)介紹經(jīng)歷或者自我介紹；3.能利用豐富的句式組織文章；4.能正確書寫英語句子。二、寫作步驟步驟一：確定觀看鳥類的經(jīng)歷或申請加入關(guān)愛鳥類俱樂部的內(nèi)容和順序。步驟二：列舉介紹觀看鳥類的經(jīng)歷或申請加入關(guān)愛鳥類俱樂部的句型，多多益善。步驟三：成段成篇，修改完善。三、詞匯積累1atthemarket在市場上2providesth.(forsb.)（為某人）提供某物3allyearround一年到頭4inorderto以便，為的是5leadto導(dǎo)致6lessandless越來越少7keepfinishing一直釣魚8asaresult結(jié)果9themembersof………的成員10changesintheirnumbers數(shù)目方面的變化11invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事12understandtheimportanceofthewetlands理解濕地的重要性13takesth.withsb.某人隨身攜帶某物14makesb.do.Sth.迫使某人做某事15apairofbinoculars一副望遠(yuǎn)鏡16whatelse還有什么17writedown寫下，記下18callsb.on…按照……給某人大電話四、句型積累1Itisoneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands.它是世界上最重要的濕地之一。2Theareaprovidesfoodandcoverforalotofwildlife.這個地區(qū)為許多野生動物提供了實(shí)物和庇護(hù)所。3Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.一些人想使?jié)竦刈兊酶〉哪康氖菫檗r(nóng)場和建筑物留出更多的空間。4Everyear,alotoftouristsgotoZhalongtowatchthebirds.每年，許多游客來扎龍觀鳥。5Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.我們需要更多的人來計算鳥和描述鳥類。6Wehopethiswillhelppeopleunderstandtheimportanceofthewetlands.我們希望這能幫助人們理解濕地的重要性。7Usuallyittakeshourstowatchthebirds.Youmaygetthirsty.通常，觀鳥要花費(fèi)數(shù)小時。你可能會渴的。8Iamveryinterestedinlearningaboutdifferentkindsofplants,birdsandanimals.我對研究不同種類的植物，鳥類和動物是非常感興趣的。五、寫作訓(xùn)練1．上周你們班去了扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)進(jìn)行觀鳥，寫一篇短文，描述你見聞和感受.要點(diǎn)如下：1)保護(hù)區(qū)覆蓋了4000多平方公里的面積.是世界上最重要的濕地之一.有很多珍稀鳥類，40%的鶴住在扎龍.2)在那天，有很多學(xué)生記錄了鶴種類.我們學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于鳥的知識，也明白了保護(hù)濕地的重要性.3)濕地越來越小，鳥類處境危險.我們必須…Lastweek,myclasswenttoZhalongNatureReservetogobirdwatching.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1．【參考范文】Lastweek,myclasswenttoZhalongNatureReservetogobirdwatching.Thereservecoversanareaofover4000squarekilometers.It'soneoftheworld'smostimportantwetlands.There'realotofrarebirdsthere.40percentofthecranesliveinZhalong.Thatdaymanystudentsrecordedthetypesofcranes.Welearntalotofknowledgeaboutbirds.Andwealsounderstoodtheimportanceofprotectingwetlands.Nowwetlandsarebecomingsmallerandsmallerandthebirdsareindanger.Wemustdosomethingtoprotectthem.【解析】這是一篇提綱作文，要求根據(jù)提示來介紹上周你們班去了扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)進(jìn)行觀鳥的情況，題目中給出了具體的寫作的內(nèi)容，我們應(yīng)將這些內(nèi)容用正確的英語表達(dá)出來。首先應(yīng)注意在短文中要包括題目中給出的所有信息，不能遺漏要點(diǎn)，并注意表達(dá)的層次和條理。其次要注意使用正確的時態(tài)和人稱，通過分析可知，這篇短文應(yīng)使用一般過去時態(tài)。最后要注意英語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，英語句式與漢語在語序和詞性上的使用是不同的，要注意不能逐詞翻譯，寫漢語式的英語?！军c(diǎn)評】這篇文章表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確、內(nèi)容完整、結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂昧诉B詞、副詞、固定搭配等，使文章內(nèi)容連貫、上下文流暢。其中一些用法，如：coversanareaof；oneoftheworld'smostimportantwetlands；There're；alotof；40percentof；thetypesof；learntalotofknowledgeaboutbirds；theimportanceof；smallerandsmaller；areindanger；dosomethingto等，都是可圈可點(diǎn)之處。【必備短語】1atthemarket在市場上2providesth.(forsb.)（為某人）提供某物3allyearround一年到頭4inorderto以便，為的是5leadto導(dǎo)致6lessandless越來越少7keepfinishing一直釣魚8asaresult結(jié)果9themembersof………的成員10changesintheirnumbers數(shù)目方面的變化11invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事12understandtheimportanceofthewetlands理解濕地的重要性13takesth.withsb.某人隨身攜帶某物14makesb.do.Sth.迫使某人做某事15apairofbinoculars一副望遠(yuǎn)鏡16whatelse還有什么17writedown寫下，記下18callsb.on…按照……給某人大電話【核心句型】Ioftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.我經(jīng)常去市場看鳥。ZhalongNatureReserveisinHeilongjiangProvinceinNorth-eastChina.扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)位于中國東北的黑龍江省。Theareaprovidesfoodandcoverforalotofwildlife.這個地區(qū)為許多野生動物提供食物和庇護(hù)所。4.ManybirdsliveinZhalongallyearround,whilesomegothereonlyforashortstay.許多鳥全年都在扎龍，然而一些僅去那兒作短暫停留。5.Therearenotmanycranesleftintheworld,and40percentofthemliveinZhalong.世界上的鶴所剩不多，且40%的鶴住在扎龍。6.Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.一些人想要縮小濕地面積，是為了有更多的空地作農(nóng)田和建筑之用。Thiswillleadtolessandlessspaceforwildlife.這將導(dǎo)致野生動物的空間越來越少。8.Moreover,fishermenkeepfishingthere.此外，漁民們一直在那兒捕魚。9.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.現(xiàn)在中國政府已經(jīng)制定法律來阻止這些事情在扎龍發(fā)生。10.Everyyear,alotoftouristsgotoZhalongtowatchthebirds.每年，許多游客去扎龍觀鳥。Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.我們需要更多的人來統(tǒng)計和描述鳥。Weaskpeoplenottocatchbirdsforanyreason.我們要求人們不要以任何理由捕捉鳥兒。Thereservecoversanareaofover45,300squarekilometers.保護(hù)區(qū)的面積有45，300多平方千米。Takeanotebookwithyoutowritedownwhatyousee.隨身帶一本筆記本以便于記下你所看到的東西。14.Usuallyittakeshourstowatchthebirds.Youmaygetthirsty.觀鳥通常要花上數(shù)小時。你們可能會渴。15.Iamveryinterestedinlearningaboutdifferentkindsofplants,birdsandanimals.我對學(xué)習(xí)不同種類的植物、鳥和動物非常感興趣。16.First,letmeintroducemyself.首先，請讓我做自我介紹。17.Theyknewtheimportanceofsavingwateratlast.=Theyknewhowimportantitwastosavewateratlast.他們終于知道節(jié)約水的重要性了?！局攸c(diǎn)語法】1動詞不定式表示目的不定式和不定式短語作目的狀語，主要用來修飾動詞，表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的。為了使目的意義更加清楚或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)意義時，還可以在前面加inorderto;不定式的否定形式為nottodo。2動詞+賓語+動詞不定式許多動詞后可跟一個賓語+todosth，但有些動詞（感官動詞和使役動詞）后可跟不帶to的不定式構(gòu)成句子，動詞help后的不定式可帶to，也可不帶to。

Module2Unit6BirdwatchingUnit6核心話題了解鳥類，保護(hù)鳥類重點(diǎn)詞匯1.bird-watching2.market3.natural4.hen5.yummy6.crane7.sparrow8.feather9.swan10.eagle11.broad12.wing13.type14.rare15.nature.ect重點(diǎn)短語providesth.(forsb.），allyearround，inorderto，leadto,lessandless,keepfinishing,asaresult,themembersof………,changesintheirnumbersinvitesb.todosth.,takesth.withsb.,makesb.do.sth.,apairofbinocularswhatelse,writedown,callsb.on…重點(diǎn)句型1Itisoneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands.2Theareaprovidesfoodandcoverforalotofwildlife.3Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.4Everyear,alotoftouristsgotoZhalongtowatchthebirds.5Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.6Wehopethiswillhelppeopleunderstandtheimportanceofthewetlands.7Usuallyittakeshourstowatchthebirds.Youmaygetthirsty.8Iamveryinterestedinlearningaboutdifferentkindsofplants,birdsandanimals.語法動詞不定式作目的狀語寫作關(guān)愛鳥類考點(diǎn)1encourageThescienceteacherencouragestheClass1,Grade8udentstojointheBird-watchingSocietytolearnmoreaboutbirdsinthewetlands.IwouldliketobecomeamemberoftheBird-watchingSocietyandtakepartinactivities.【考向1】encourage是及物動詞，之后常跟復(fù)合賓語，意思是“鼓勵”。常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是encouragesb.todosth.，意思是“鼓勵某人做某事”。如:1)Myteacheroftenencouragesmetohaveatry.老師經(jīng)常鼓勵我試一試。2)Myfatherencouragedmetocatchupwiththeotherstudentsinourclass.爸爸鼓勵我趕上我們班其他同學(xué)?！究枷?】【易混詞辨析】單詞/詞組意義與用法例句join意為“參加，加入”后接表示團(tuán)體的名詞或表示人的詞，指參加某種組織或某人的活動（組織，俱樂部，軍隊(duì)，黨派并成為其中一員）。jointheLeague 入團(tuán)jointheYoungPioneer入少先隊(duì)MygrandfatherwillneverforgetthedaywhenhejoinedtheParty.我爺爺永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了他人黨的那一天。Hisbrotherjoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.他哥哥是五年前參軍的。joinin參加某項(xiàng)運(yùn)動或小規(guī)?；顒?，如參加討論，球賽，游行罷工等。說參加某種活動用joinin，如說“與其人一起做某事”,則用joinsb.insth./doingsth.MayIjoininthegame?我可以參加這個游戲嗎？Comeandjoinusinthediscussion.來和我們一起討論吧！takepartin意為“參加（活動/會議等）”側(cè)重參加某項(xiàng)群眾性集體性的事業(yè)工作或活動，突出參加者在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。AgreatnumberofstudentstookpartinMay4Movement.大批學(xué)生參加了五四運(yùn)動。Wearegoingtohaveaparty.Doyouwanttotaktpartin?attend主要用于參加比較重要的場合與會議。Whowillattendthemeetingnextweek?下個星期哪些人會出席這次會議？【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·甘肅定西·八年級統(tǒng)考期中）DoctorZhongNanshan________teenagerstostudyhardinthefirstlessonofthisterm.A．trained B．made C．a(chǎn)llowed D．encouraged【答案】D【詳解】句意：鐘南山醫(yī)生在本學(xué)期的第一節(jié)課上鼓勵青少年們要努力學(xué)習(xí)。考查動詞辨析。trained訓(xùn)練；made制作；allowed允許；encouraged鼓勵。根據(jù)“teenagerstostudyhard”可知，應(yīng)是鐘南山醫(yī)生鼓勵青少年們努力學(xué)習(xí)。故選D。【寫作佳句】Yourteacherswillbealwaystheretoencourageyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.即使你沒有成功，你的老師也會一直在那里鼓勵你?？键c(diǎn)2looklikeWhatdocraneslooklike?【考向】looklike意為“看起來像……”，like為介詞，后面常接名詞作賓語?！颈嫖觥縧ooklike表示“看起來像……”，指的是外表“像”-Whatdoeshelooklike?-Heisverytallandhandsome.belike指“品德，性格特征”等-Whatisshelike?-Sheisverykind.【經(jīng)典練】1．（2021秋·廣東深圳·八年級?？计谥校㏒omeanimalsaredyingoutinourcountry,________pandasandwhite﹣flagdolphins.Youcan________theirinformationintheencyclopedia.A．comparedwith;lookforB．including;lookupC．insteadof;looklikeD．suchas;lookafter【答案】B【詳解】句意：在我們國家，一些動物正在滅絕，包括大熊貓和白旗海豚。你可以在百科全書中查找它們的信息。考查固定搭配。comparedwith與……相比；lookfor尋找；including包括；lookup查找；insteadof代替；looklike看起來像……；suchas例如；lookafter照顧。由“Youcan…theirinformationintheencyclopedia”可知，在百科全書上查找信息。故選B。【寫作佳句】Thebabypandalookslikeamouse.Itisonlyeightdaysold.熊貓寶寶看起來像只老鼠。它才八天大。考點(diǎn)3watchthebirdsIoftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.我經(jīng)常去市場觀鳥?！究枷颉縲atchthebirds=gobirdwatching “觀鳥，看鳥”句中的towatchthebirds是動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作目的狀語。Tocatchthebus,hegotupearly.為了趕上公共汽車，他很早就起床了。MyparentscametoNewYorktoseemelastmonth.上個月我父母到紐約來看我?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Let’scrossthebridgeandgoto________sideoftherivertowatchthebirdsthere.A．theother B．a(chǎn)nother C．other D．one【答案】A【詳解】句意：讓我們穿過這座橋到河對岸去看鳥?？疾椴欢ù~辨析。theother表示兩者之中的另一個；another表示三個或三個以上的另一個；other表示其它的，后面常跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞；one表示一個。根據(jù)句意可知河有兩邊，特指河的另一邊。故選A?！緦懽骷丫洹縏heteachertoldustotrynottomakeanynoisewhilewatchingthebirds.老師叫我們盡量不要在看鳥的時候發(fā)出任何聲音?？键c(diǎn)4marketIlikethebirdsatthemarket.【考向】marketn.“市場”可數(shù)名詞，但常用單數(shù)?！竟潭ǘ陶Z】：atthemarket在市場上 freemarket自由市場 foodmarket食品市場 Jackisatthemarketshoppingforfruit. 杰克正在市場上買水果?！就普埂縨arket的派生詞為supermarket “超市”Theybuyfoodatthesupermarket.他們在超市買食物?！窘?jīng)典練】1．EverySundayafternoon,theGreensgotothe________togetwhattheyn