八年級英語上學(xué)期 閱讀理解CD篇解題要點及專項訓(xùn)練（解析版）

專題05.閱讀理解CD篇解題要點及專項訓(xùn)練一．解題思路（一）先讀問題，弄清考查要點，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。

（二）快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標(biāo)題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時，不要忙于答題。（三）細讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞，掌握短文細節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點：

1.抓住四個"W"和一個"H"，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把What(事件)，When（時間），Where（地點），Why（原因），How（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個“W”和一個“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。

2.抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進，轉(zhuǎn)折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

3.注意領(lǐng)會文章的寓意。4.根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細審題，領(lǐng)會測試要求，確定解題方法。對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個答案再作推敲而浪費時間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排除。二．常用的解題方法有如下幾種：

①直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。

②歸納解題法。對于不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索的前題下進行概括、歸納得出正確答案。③綜合推理法。讀者需統(tǒng)觀全文，認真分析，綜合推理及至計算，最后歸納出正確答案。

題干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,accordingto“等字眼時，屬于推斷概括型，考查內(nèi)容著眼于全篇，考生應(yīng)具備一定的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。

④捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。在閱讀時應(yīng)該注意與問題相關(guān)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。

⑤轉(zhuǎn)換解題法。即原文這么說，而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉(zhuǎn)換一種說法，但仍表示同一含義。

⑥排除法。根據(jù)語言，句法結(jié)構(gòu)，信息詞和常識，在沒有把握的選項中用排除法得出正確答案。三．重讀原文，仔細斟酌核對答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目的在于對所做答案進一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。1.（23-24八年級上·廣東潮州·期末）FutureCityisaproject-basedlearning(基于學(xué)習(xí)的)program.Itstartswithaquestion—howcanwemaketheworldabetterplace?Toanswerit,6th,7thand8th-gradestudentstrytothinkupgoodideastoacitywideproblemtobuildcitiesofthefuture.FutureCitystartedintheUSA．Ithasahistoryofabout30years.Studentsworkasateamtodesign(設(shè)計)acity100yearslaterinthefuture.Eachyear,FutureCityhasatheme.Teamswillthinkaboutgoodsolutionsaccordingto(根據(jù))it.FutureCityplaysanimportantroleinimprovingstudents’interestinscience,technology(科技),engineering,art,andmath(STEAMforshort).Becauseduringtheprogram,studentsdothethingsasengineersdo.Forexample,first,theyshouldmakeclearofproblems,andthencomeupwithnewideas.Next,theyworktogethertosolvethem.Aftertesting,retesting,andbuilding,finally,theysharetheirresultsinfourtofivewayssuchasmakingmodelsorgivingpapersandsoon.1．WhocantakepartinFutureCityprogram?A．StudentsofGrade9. B．The8th-gradestudents. C．Engineers. D．Scientists.2．Whichstatementsisrightaccordingtothepassage?A．FutureCityprogramsolvevillageproblems. B．FutureCityprogramstartedabout30yearsagointheUK.C．FutureCityprogramisteamwork. D．FutureCityimprovesstudents'interestingeography.3．WhycanFutureCityimprovestudents’interestinSTEAM?A．Becauseengineerstakepartintheprogram.B．Becausestudentsdothethingsasengineersdo.C．Becausestudentstakepartintheprogramwithteachers'help.D．Becausestudentsenjoythestudyverymuch.4．InParagraph2,whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“theme”?A．方法 B．形式 C．主題 D．活動5．Whichistherightorder(順序)accordingtothestepsofprogram?①sharetheresult②manytimesoftestingandbuilding③comeupwithsolutions④findouttheproblem⑤solveproblemsingroupsA．①②③④⑤ B．⑤①④③② C．④③⑤②① D．②①③⑤④【答案】1．B2．C3．B4．C5．C【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了一個名為“未來之城”的項目學(xué)習(xí)計劃。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Toanswerit,6th,7thand8th-gradestudentstrytothinkupgoodideastoacitywideproblemtobuildcitiesofthefuture.”可知，6、7、8年級的學(xué)生可以參加。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Studentsworkasateamtodesign(設(shè)計)acity100yearslaterinthefuture.”可知，F(xiàn)utureCity是團隊合作的項目。故選C。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Becauseduringtheprogram,studentsdothethingsasengineersdo.”可知，學(xué)生像工程師一樣工作，提高了對STEAM的興趣。故選B。4．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Eachyear,FutureCityhasatheme.Teamswillthinkaboutgoodsolutionsaccordingto(根據(jù))it.”可知，每年，未來之城都有一個主題，而團隊將根據(jù)它來考慮好的解決方案。所以theme表示“主題”。故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“first,theyshouldmakeclearofproblems,andthencomeupwithnewideas.Next,theyworktogethertosolvethem.Aftertesting,retesting,andbuilding,finally,theysharetheirresultsinfourtofivewayssuchasmakingmodelsorgivingpapersandsoon.”可知，首先，他們應(yīng)該弄清楚問題，然后提出新的想法。接下來，他們一起努力解決問題。經(jīng)過測試，再測試，構(gòu)建，最后，他們以四到五種方式分享他們的結(jié)果，如制作模型或發(fā)表論文等。所以正確順序是④③⑤②①。故選C。2.（23-24八年級上·河北承德·期末）WeekdaymorningsareverybusyfortheU.S.middleschoolstudents.Whenyourschooldoesn’thaveabus,andyoulivetoofarawaytowalk,youneedacarpool.Acarpoolisagroupofpeoplesharingtheresponsibility(責(zé)任)ofdrivingtoschoolinthemorning.Thereareusuallyfourorfivekidsinacarpoolandtheirparentstaketurnstodrivethekidsintheircars.Someone’scarsmellslikewetdogs.Somekidsgettoeatdessertsforbreakfastandsomeparentsshoutsomuchthatallyoutrytodoistostayquietandgounnoticed.Whenyourmumordaddrivesthecarpool,yourclassmatesgetaclose-uplookathowstrangeyourparentscanbe.Itmightbeyourfirstsociological(社會學(xué)的)studyandyourfirsttimetoworkwithothers.Teamworkisreallyimportantinthecarpoolbecausenobodywantstomakeanyoneelselate.It’sagreatlessoninresponsibility.Imaginesittinginthecaroutsideofaclassmate’shouse,watchingtheclockandcountingtheseconds.Thenyoustarttounderstandhowyourcarpoolfriendsmightfeelwhenyouarestillinsidethehouseat7:48.Youreallybegintolearnallyourreallifelessonsjustmomentsbeforethestartofschool—inthecarpool.1．Whatisacarpool?A．Parentsdrivekidstoschoolontheirwaytowork. B．Parentstaketurnstodrivetheirkidstoschool.C．Kidsgotoschoolintheirparents’cars. D．Kidsdrivetheirowncarstoschool.2．Whatcanstudentslearnfromacarpool?A．Howtodriveacar. B．Howtogetalongwithothers.C．Whattodowithhomework. D．Realteamwork.3．Teamworkisreallyimportantinthecarpoolbecause________.A．noteveryonehasacar B．studentshavetodotheirhomeworkinthecarC．nobodywantstomakeanyoneelselate D．studentssharetheirbreakfastwithothers4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Kidscanlearnreallifelessonsinacarpool.B．Ifkidslivefarawayfromschool,theyarealwayslateforschool.C．TheU.S.childrenenjoycarpoolingbetterthantakingaschoolbus.D．Kidsoftenhaveenoughtimetostudyinacarpool.【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了學(xué)生們從拼車中學(xué)到團隊合作。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Acarpoolisagroupofpeoplesharingtheresponsibilityofdrivingtoschoolinthemorning.Thereareusuallyfourorfivekidsinacarpoolandtheirparentstaketurnstodrivethekidsintheircars.”可知，拼車指的是家長輪流開車送孩子上學(xué)。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“Itmightbeyourfirstsociologicalstudyandyourfirsttimetoworkwithothers.Teamworkisreallyimportantinthecarpool…”可知，學(xué)生們在拼車中能學(xué)到真實的團隊合作精神。故選D。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Teamworkisreallyimportantinthecarpoolbecausenobodywantstomakeanyoneelselate.”可知，團隊合作在拼車中很重要，因為沒有人想讓其他人遲到。故選C。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Youreallybegintolearnallyourreallifelessonsjustmomentsbeforethestartofschool—inthecarpool.”可知，孩子們在拼車中能學(xué)到真正的生活課程。故選A。3.（23-24八年級上·陜西商洛·期末）LastSaturday,Iwenttoacoffeeshoptomeetafriend.Igotthereearlier.SoIorderedacupofcoffeeandsatbythewindowwatchingpeople.Someboyswereplayingfootballonthestreet.Whentheballcrossedtheroad,alittleboyranafterit.Suddenly,therecameacar.Itwasgoingveryfast.Whenthedriversawtheboyinhisway,itwastoolate…Thesmallboywaslyingonthestreetwithoutmoving.Toeveryone’ssurprise,thecardidn’tstop.Itdroveawayquickly.Peoplerantotheboy.Thecoffeeshopownertelephonedthepolice.Soonsomeonesenttheboytothehospital.At6:30p.m.,thepolicearrivedandstartedquestioningpeople.Abouthalfanhourlater,theyaskedmetogotothepolicestationbecauseIsaweverything.IgavethemalltheinformationIknew,becauseIreallywantedthemtocatchthedriver.Ididn’tleavethepolicestationuntil8:00p.m.Thenextday,theboy’sparentscalledmetosaythanks.Theyalsotoldmetheirchildwasoutofdangerandthedriverwasatthepolicestationnow.1．Whydidthewritergotothecoffeeshop?A．Torelaxhimself. B．Tomeethisfriend.C．Tohelptheboy. D．Towork.2．Whathappenedtotheboywhilehewasrunningafterthefootball?A．Hewastakenawaybysomeone. B．Hefellheavilyontheroad.C．Hewashitbyacarsuddenly. D．Heknockedintoaman.3．Howlongdidthewriterstayinthepolicestation?A．Abouthalfanhour. B．Aboutanhour.C．Aboutanhourandahalf. D．Abouttwohours.4．Howmightthewriterfeelattheendofthestory?A．Worried. B．Sorry. C．Happy. D．Sad.【答案】1．B2．C3．B4．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了作者在咖啡店等朋友時，看到了一場事故，店主報警，作者也把自己看到的告訴了警察，協(xié)助警察抓住了肇事者。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LastSaturday,Iwenttoacoffeeshoptomeetafriend”可知作者去咖啡店見朋友。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itwasgoingveryfast.Whenthedriversawtheboyinhisway,itwastoolate…Thesmallboywaslyingonthestreetwithoutmoving.”可知他被一輛汽車撞倒了。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“At6:30p.m.,thepolicearrivedandstartedquestioningpeople.Abouthalfanhourlater,theyaskedmetogotothepolicestation”以及“Ididn’tleavethepolicestationuntil8:00p.m.”可知，作者7點到了警察局，8點離開了警察局，因此作者在警察局待了大約1小時。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thenextday,theboy’sparentscalledmetosaythanks.Theyalsotoldmetheirchildwasoutofdangerandthedriverwasatthepolicestationnow.”可知這個男孩的父母來感謝父母，而且男孩脫離了危險，司機也被抓到了，所以作者感到很開心。故選C。4.（23-24八年級上·安徽·期末）LuXunisoneofthegreatestChinesewritersofthe20thcentury.Henotonlywrotestories,butalsowrotearticlesaboutlivingconditionsofChinesepeople.LuXunwasbornin1881.In1898,hisgrandfatherwasputintoprison(監(jiān)獄)fortakingmoney.Hisfatherbecameseriouslyill.Fromthattimeon,hisfamilywerenolongeracceptedbytheirrelativesandfriends.Theseearlyexperiencesgreatlyinfluencedhiswriting.In1902,hewenttostudyinJapan.Heshowedatalentforwritingandtranslating.Heevenwroteseveralbooks.HereturnedtoChinain1909becausehewasinneedofmoney.AfterworkingforseveralyearsasateacherinBeijing,LuXunagainreturnedtowriting.In1918,hewrotehisfamousshortstoryDiaryofaMadman.ItwasthefirstChinesenovelpublished(出版)usingtheeverydaylanguagethatpeoplespoke,whichhelpedmakeitagreatsuccess.This,togetherwithhisnovelTheTrueStoryofAhQ(1921),madeLuXunaleadingChinesewriter.LuXunstillworriedgreatlyaboutChina’sfuture.In1926,hemovedtoShanghaiandgaveupwritingstories.Hethenonlywrotearticleswhichcalledonpeopletofightagainstthegovernment.Forthis,thegovernmentstoppedhimfrompublishinganymorebooks.Hediedin1936.LuXun’simportanceandinfluencehavegrown.Today,someofhisworksareincludedinschooltextbooksandhisworksarereadbymillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.1．WhichonegreatlyinfluencedLuXun’swritingaccordingtothepassage?A．ThepeoplehemetinJapan. B．Theexperiencesinhisearlylife.C．WorkingasateacherinBeijing. D．ThelifeinShanghai.2．WhywasLuXun’sstoryDiaryofaMadmansopopular?A．BecauseitwasbasedonLuXun’sdiary.B．Becauseitwasthefirstnovelusingeverydaylanguage.C．Becauseitsstorytookplaceinmoderntimes.D．Becauseitwasatrueandinterestingstory.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．DiaryofaMadman. B．TheTrueStoryofAhQ.C．Hissuccessinwriting. D．Histalentintranslating.4．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．ThelifeexperienceofLuXun. B．ThebookswrittenbyLuXun.C．TheachievementofLuXun. D．ThecommentonLuXun.【答案】1．B2．B3．A4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了20世紀中國最偉大的作家之一魯迅的生平和作品。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theseearlyexperiencesgreatlyinfluencedhiswriting.”可知，魯迅早期的經(jīng)歷極大地影響了他的寫作。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItwasthefirstChinesenovelpublished(出版)usingtheeverydaylanguagethatpeoplespoke,whichhelpedmakeitagreatsuccess.”可知，魯迅的《狂人日記》能獲得巨大的成功，也就是變得受歡迎，是因為這是第一部使用白話文出版的中國小說。故選B。3．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“In1918,hewrotehisfamousshortstoryDiaryofaMadman.ItwasthefirstChinesenovelpublished(出版)usingtheeverydaylanguagethatpeoplespoke,whichhelpedmakeitagreatsuccess.”可知，這里的it指代的是《狂人日記》。故選A。4．最佳標(biāo)題題。文章的主要內(nèi)容集中在魯迅的生平經(jīng)歷和這些經(jīng)歷如何影響了他的寫作。文章詳細描述了他的家庭背景、早年的困難、在日本的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷、回國后的教書生涯以及他的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。這些內(nèi)容都圍繞著魯迅的生活經(jīng)歷展開，因此選項A“魯迅的生活經(jīng)歷”是最能概括文章主題的標(biāo)題。故選A。5.（23-24八年級上·福建三明·期末）OnTuesday,asuddenheavyraincausedfloods(洪水)inZhengzhou.Morethan160trainsstoppedservicesatZhengzhoudongRailwayStation.Alotofpeoplecouldn’tleavethesubway.Thefloodshavekilledmanypeopleandmanypeoplearemissing.Floodsusuallycomequickly.Youcanpreparesomethingathome.Somefood,

bottledwaterandmedicinearenecessary.Packsomewarmclothesforeachperson.Puttheminabagthatyoucaneasilyfind.Whenfloodscome,don’tworry.Youmayhaveonlyashorttimetorunaway.Youmustkeepawayfromwaterasquicklyasyoucanandstayonhighgroundtowait(等)forotherstosaveyou.Whetheryouareonfootorhavetoleaveyourcar,youshouldchoosehighground.It’sthebestway.Trynottocallwithyourmobilephone,buttext(發(fā)短信)forhelptosaveelectricity(電).Ifyouareindanger,textpeoplewhereyouareandyourowninformation.Remembertoleaveeverythingbehind.Don’tstoptomovevaluables(貴重物品).Youshouldalwaysputyoursafetyfirst.Cryingforhelpmakesiteasierforpeopletofindyou.Wave(揮)anarmifyoucan.Keeptryinguntilsomeonecomesforyou.1．ThefloodsinZhengzhou_______.A．startedonFriday B．wereveryseriousC．killedmanychildren D．made60trainsstopservices2．Whatdoesthewriteradviseustopreparebeforefloods?A． B． C． D．3．Whatshouldwedowhenfloodscome?A．Stayonhighground. B．Swiminthewater.C．Givemanycallstofriends. D．Driveourcartoleave.4．InParagraph4,thewriteradvisesusto_______.A．stopcryingloudly B．helptofindotherpeopleC．doourbesttolive D．takegoodcareofvaluables5．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoStayAwayfromWater B．HowtoTextforHelpC．HowtoHelpPeopleinDanger D．HowtoStaySafeinFloods【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．C5．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了怎樣中洪水中保持安全。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefloodshavekilledmanypeopleandmanypeoplearemissing.”可知，深圳的洪水很嚴重，故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Somefood,bottledwaterandmedicinearenecessary.Packsomewarmclothesforeachperson.”可知，洪水到來前，需要準(zhǔn)備食物、瓶裝水、藥品和衣服，故選C。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whetheryouareonfootorhavetoleaveyourcar,youshouldchoosehighground.”可知，洪水到來時，我們應(yīng)該待在高地上，故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Youshouldalwaysputyoursafetyfirst.Cryingforhelpmakesiteasierforpeopletofindyou.”可知，作者建議我們要盡力活下來，故選C。5．標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要介紹了怎樣中洪水中保持安全，故選D。6.（22-23八年級上·河南新鄉(xiāng)·期末）Wall-Eisaninterestingfilm.Thestorystartsontheearth(地球)about800yearsinthefuture.Therearenohumans(人類)ontheearth.Theyallleftinspaceshipsinthe22ndcenturywhenterriblepollutionmadeitimpossibletostay.Theyleftbehindlotsofrobotstocleantheearth.However,thepollutionwassobadthattheycouldn’tcomeback.700yearslater,alltherobotsstopworkingbutonecalledWall-E.Hespendsmostofhistimepickinguprubbish.Thenoneday,anotherrobotnamedEvearrives.Humansinaspaceshipsenthertoseeifthere’sanysign(跡象)oflifeontheearth.Wall-EfallsinlovewithEve.WhenaspaceshipcomestopickupEve,Wall-Edecidestofollowherintospace.Wall-EandEvegotoalargespaceship.Therearemanyhumansandrobots.Thesehumansarequitedifferent.Theyspendtheirtimeinchairs,andbecomesofatthattheycannotevenstandwithoutthehelpoftherobots.WiththehelpofWall-EandEve,thecaptain(船長)finallybringsallthehumansbacktotheearthsuccessfully.Thefilmshowswhatmighthappentotheearthifwedon’ttakecareofit.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。1．Whydothehumansleavetheearth?A．Becausetheywantedtotravelinspace.B．Becausetherewasn’tenoughfood.C．Becausetherewasterriblepollution.D．Becausetherobotsdon’tletthemliveontheearth.2．WhatisWall-E’sjob?A．Cleaningtheearth. B．Findingotherrobots.C．Findinganewhome. D．Drivingthespaceship.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“takecareof”meaninChinese?A．利用 B．照顧 C．拋棄 D．忽略4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．AfilmnamedWall-E. B．Pollutionontheearth.C．Robotsinthefuture. D．Humans’lifeinthefuture.5．Whatisthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)A．B． C． D．【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．A5．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了《機器人總動員》這部電影。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyallleftinspaceshipsinthe22ndcenturywhenterriblepollutionmadeitimpossibletostay.”可知，人類離開地球的原因是地球上污染嚴重。故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“700yearslater,alltherobotsstopworkingbutonecalledWall-E.Hespendsmostofhistimepickinguprubbish.”可知，他的工作是清理地球上的垃圾。故選A。3．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Thefilmshowswhatmighthappentotheearthifwedon’ttakecareofit.”及“Therearenohumans(人類)ontheearth.Theyallleftinspaceshipsinthe22ndcenturywhenterriblepollutionmadeitimpossibletostay.”可知，劃線短語“takecareof”的漢語意思是“照顧”。故選B。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Wall-Eisaninterestingfilm.Thestorystartsontheearth(地球)about800yearsinthefuture.”及全文可知，這篇文章主要講這部電影。故選A。5．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段介紹了《機器人總動員》這部電影；第二段進一步交代電影背景；第三段和第四段介紹了電影中的兩個機器人；第五段介紹了這部電影的主題。C選項符合，故選C。7.（23-24八年級上·江蘇泰州·期末）YoumightnotknowthenameBeverlyCleary,butperhapsyouhavereadoneofherbooks—RamonathePest,DearMr.Henshaw,amongmanyothertitles.Clearyisoneoftheworld’smostpopularchildren’swriters.Byshowingthatstoriesaboutordinary(普通的)kidscouldbeinteresting,too,shechangedtheworldofchildren’sbooks.Asachild,Clearyhadtroublelearningtoread.Evenaftershehadlearnedtolovereading,shestillfoundmanybooksboring.Thegirlfeltlikethepeopleshewasreadingabouthadlittletodowithherorherlife.Shewantedtoreadfunnybooksaboutchildrenlikeherself.Whenshegrewup,Clearybecamealibrarian(圖書管理員).Oneday,someboysaskedher,“Wherearethebooksaboutkidslikeus?”Clearyrealizedthereweren’tmanybooksaboutordinarykids,soshebegantowritesome.Herfirstbook,HenryHuggins,tellsthestoryofaboyandhisdog.Hugginsisjustanordinarythird-grader,butthebooksoonbecameahit.ClearywentontowritemorebooksaboutHugginsandtheotherchildreninhisneighborhood.Fromthisneighborhood,“RamonathePest”becameCleary’sbest-knowncharacter.Sheisalwaysgettingintotrouble.WheneverRamonagetsintotrouble,it’softenfunny,butit’salsosomethingmostkidscanunderstand.Clearyknewwhatitreallyfeltliketobeakid.Unlikemanyotherchildren’swriters,Clearylikedtofocuson(聚焦)real-lifeproblems.Inseveralofherbooks,theparentshavemoneyproblemsorareunhappywiththeirjobs.Clearydealtwiththesesituationswithagentlesenseofhumorandadeepunderstanding.Clearywroteover40booksinall.Morethan91millioncopiesofherbookshavebeensold.Thegreatwriterdiedattheageof104onMarch25,2021.Althoughsheisnolongerwithus,hercharactersandstorieswillcontinuetobelovedbymanyforyearstocome.1．HowdidBeverlyClearychangetheworldofchildren’sbooks?A．Byusinghumorinherstories.B．Bywritingstoriesaboutordinarykids.C．Bywritingbooksforthird-graders.D．Byincludingreal-lifeproblemsinherbooks.2．Clearydecidedtowriteforchildrenafter________.A．shestartedworkingasalibrarianB．shefoundshehadtroublelearningtoreadC．someboysaskedherforbooksaboutordinarykidsD．shewantedtoreadbooksaboutchildrenlikeherself3．Theunderlinedpart“ahit”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A．a(chǎn)popularthing B．a(chǎn)terriblemistake C．a(chǎn)form D．a(chǎn)secret4．Wecanlearnfromthearticlethat“RamonathePest”________.①isasoldasHenryHuggins②hastroublelearningtoread③isagirlwhoalwaysgetsintotrouble④livesinthesameneighborhoodasHenryHugginsA．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④5．Clearywasdifferentfrommanyotherchildren’swritersbecause

________.A．manyofthestoriesinherbooksaretrueB．manyofherbooksareaboutreal-lifeproblemsC．shewroteaboutkidswhooftengetintotroubleD．manyofthecharactersinherbooksarehumorous【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．C5．B【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了BeverlyCleary如何從自己童年時對閱讀的挑戰(zhàn)和對無聊書籍的不滿出發(fā)，最終成為一名圖書管理員，并意識到缺乏關(guān)于普通孩子的書籍。因此，她開始自己寫作，創(chuàng)作出深受孩子們喜愛的故事。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的句子“Byshowingthatstoriesaboutordinary(普通的)kidscouldbeinteresting,too,shechangedtheworldofchildren’sbooks.”可知，通過展示普通孩子的故事，BeverlyCleary改變了兒童書籍的世界。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的句子“Oneday,someboysaskedher,“Wherearethebooksaboutkidslikeus?”Clearyrealizedthereweren’tmanybooksaboutordinarykids,soshebegantowritesome.”可知，一些男孩向她要關(guān)于“普通孩子的書”之后，BeverlyCleary著手為孩子寫作。故選C。3．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句中的“but”以及后文的句子“ClearywentontowritemorebooksaboutHugginsandtheotherchildreninhisneighborhood.”可知，BeverlyCleary的書很受歡迎。故選A。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sheisalwaysgettingintotrouble.”可知，她是一個總是惹麻煩的女孩；根據(jù)“Fromthisneighborhood”可知，她與HenryHuggins住在同一個街區(qū)。故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的句子“Unlikemanyotherchildren’swriters,Clearylikedtofocusonreal-lifeproblems.”可知，BeverlyCleary喜歡關(guān)注現(xiàn)實生活中的問題，這一點和其他的兒童作家不同。故選B。8.（23-24八年級上·廣西崇左·期末）WhenZhuYunboughtherdogsfiveyearsago,shespentnearlyhalfofhermoneyraisingdogseachmonth.Everymonth,shespendsnearly7,000yuanonpetfoodandsnacks,petclothingandtakingherseven-year-oldpoodle(鬟毛狗)andfive-year-oldYorkshireterrier(約克郡犬)onholidays.“Itakethemtogoonatriptwiceamonth,andduringeachSpringFestival,ItakethemtoShanghai,”saidZhu.Shealsopayssomephotographerstotakephotosofherpets.Thiscostsher3,000yuaneachtime.PeoplelikeZhuaremakingthepetmarketgrow.Petshopsnowsellthingslikefoodandwaterbowls.Theyalsoselllifestylethingssuchaspetwine,petmilkteaandpetclothes.Thereareevensomesmartrobotsfordogsandcats.That’sbecausepeople’sideasaboutpetschange.Mostpeoplefromthepost-90sgeneration(90后)arefromone-childfamilies,sopeoplefeellonelysometimes.Forthisreason,theirpetsareliketheirfamilymembers.Thisiswhypeopleliketospendmoremoneyontheirpetstoday.HuMinhadadogwhenshestudiedinAustralia.Shesaid,“Yearsago,myparentskeptdogstowatchandprotecttheirhomes.Buttoday,dogsdon’tplaysucharole(角色).Theyarelikeourfamily.Someevensleepinthesamebedwiththeirowners.Iwanttobuydifferentkindsofthingsformydog.IthinkmypetTaffee’slifeshouldbeascolorfulasmine.”根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項。1．HowoftendoesZhuYungoontripswithherdogs?A．Twiceamonth. B．Twiceayear. C．Onceamonth.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“photographers”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．美發(fā)師 B．?dāng)z影師 C．營養(yǎng)師3．Whydopeopleliketospendmoremoneyontheirpetstoday?A．Becausetheyhavetoomuchmoney.B．Becausetheirpetsfeellonelysometimes.C．Becausetheirpetsareliketheirfamilymembers.4．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．ZhuYuncanmake7,000yuaneverymonth.B．Petownerscan’tbuypetwineatpetshopsnow.C．HuMin’sparentskeptdogstowatchandprotecttheirhomes.5．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．StoriesofZhuYun B．Ourfamilymembers—Pets C．Changeinpetshops【答案】1．A2．B3．C4．C5．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了狗的角色轉(zhuǎn)變，它們不再只是寵物，更是我們的朋友和家人。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itakethemtogoonatriptwiceamonth,”可知，朱云每個月帶她的寵物去旅行兩次。故選A。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Shealsopayssomephotographerstotakephotosofherpets.”可知，為她的寵物拍照的人是攝影師，劃線單詞photographers意為“攝影師”。故選B。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forthisreason,theirpetsareliketheirfamilymembers.Thisiswhypeopleliketospendmoremoneyontheirpetstoday.”可知，寵物就像他們的家人一樣，這就是現(xiàn)在人們喜歡在寵物身上花更多錢的原因。故選C。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)胡敏說的話“Yearsago,myparentskeptdogstowatchandprotecttheirhomes.”可知，多年前，胡敏的父母養(yǎng)狗來看守和保護他們的家。故選C。5．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“theirpetsareliketheirfamilymembers”和“Buttoday,dogsdon’tplaysucharole(角色).Theyarelikeourfamily.”，以及通讀全文后可知，本文主要講述了狗的角色轉(zhuǎn)變，它們不再只是寵物，更是我們的朋友和家人。故文章應(yīng)以選項B“我們的家庭成員——寵物”為標(biāo)題最合適。故選B。9.（23-24八年級上·四川綿陽·期末）Thinkyourwinteriscold?TemperaturesinYakutsk(雅庫茨克)fellto-62.7℃inJanuarythisyear—thecoldestinmorethantwentyyears,scientistssay.YakutskisthecapitalofRussia’sSakhaRepublic.Itisjust300milessouthoftheArcticCircle(北極圈).Itiswidelythoughtofasthecoldestcityintheworld.Peoplethereknowthekeytokeepingwarm:Justdresswarmly,likeacabbage.Inthewinter,thecityiscoveredwith“icefog”.Thathappenswhenairissocoldthatwarmerairfromhouses,peopleandcarscan’tgoup.PyotrBeketovbuiltYakutskin1632.Today,itisthescientific,culturalandeconomiccenterfortheRussianFarEastFederalRegion.Thecityhasapopulationofmorethan330,000.Theymainlyliveondairyproducts(奶制品),meatandfish.Althoughtherearerichnaturalresources(資源),manypeopleliveapoorlife.Someevenliveinplacesworsethantheirfarmanimals’livingplaces.Thecityalsohassomespecialmuseums.PermafrostKingdomisoneofthemostpopular,Itisanundergroundmuseumwithbeautifulicesculpture(冰雕).Itssummersarecool,butvisitingYakutskinwinterisnotagoodidea.ItyouwanttoexperiencethiskindoflifeinYakutsk,pleasecomeandsee.1．Howdoesthewriterstartthepassage?A．Bytellingastory. B．Byaskingaquestion. C．Bylistingreasons. D．Bygivingexamples.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutYakutskfromPara.2?①Whereitis.

②When“icefog”happens.③Howpeoplekeepwarminthewinter.

④Whatpeopleusuallydointhewinter.A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Yakutskhasahistoryofover500years.B．ThebesttimetovisitYakutskisinwinter.C．PeopleinYakutskmainlyeatvegetablesintheirdailylife:D．Yakutskhasapopularundergroundmuseumwithicesculptures.4．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthelifelikeinYakutsk?A．Veryboring. B．Reallybusy. C．Noteasy. D．Fullofhunger.5．Wherecanweprobablyfindthepassage?A．Inasciencereport. B．Inatravelguide. C．Inapersonaldiary. D．Inabusinessnewspaper.【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．C5．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了雅庫茨克這座城市。1．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)“Thinkyourwinteriscold?”可知，文章首段用一個問題引出了下文。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“YakutskisthecapitalofRussia’sSakhaRepublic.Itisjust300milessouthoftheArcticCircle.”、“Peoplethereknowthekeytokeepingwarm:Justdresswarmly,likeacabbage.”和“Inthewinter,thecityiscoveredwith‘icefog’.Thathappenswhenairissocoldthatwarmerairfromhouses,peopleandcarscan’tgoup.”可知，文章第二段介紹了雅庫茨克的地理位置、當(dāng)?shù)厝说谋Ｅ绞揭约氨F發(fā)生的時間。故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thecityalsohassomespecialmuseums.PermafrostKingdomisoneofthemostpopular.Itisanundergroundmuseumwithbeautifulicesculpture.”可知，該城市有一座著名的冰雕博物館。故選D。4．觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Althoughtherearerichnaturalresources,manypeopleliveapoorlife.Someevenliveinplacesworsethantheirfarmanimals’livingplaces.”可知，雖然雅庫茨克有豐富的自然資源，但許多人過著貧窮的生活。有些人甚至生活在比他們的農(nóng)場動物生活的地方更糟糕的地方，因此雅庫茨克的生活不是很容易。故選C。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“YakutskisthecapitalofRussia’sSakhaRepublic.”可知，本文主要介紹了雅庫茨克這座城市，因此可以在一本旅游指南上看到。故選B。10.（23-24八年級上·安徽馬鞍山·期末）I’mMary.I’mamovieloverandIwantmykidstolikemovies,too.ThefirsttimeItookmydaughter,Lily,to