（高考英語作文煉句）第8篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE1高等教育的一個(gè)重要作用就是要為學(xué)生走向社會(huì)和工作崗位的平穩(wěn)過渡做好準(zhǔn)備.大學(xué)只有通過鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生課堂的參與和互動(dòng)才能培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力,這種能力能使學(xué)生平穩(wěn)有效地做好這個(gè)過渡.Oneoftheimportantfunctionsof

(1.……的一個(gè)重要作用)highereducationshouldbeto

preparestudentsforasmoothtransitionintosocietyandtheworkplace(2.為學(xué)生走向社會(huì)和工作崗位的平穩(wěn)過渡做好準(zhǔn)備).Onlybyencouraging

studentparticipationandinteraction

(3.學(xué)生課堂的參與和互動(dòng))canuniversities

foster

(4.培養(yǎng))students'abilitytomakethetransitionsmoothlyandeffectively.

1-oneoftheimportantfunctions

詞典釋義：function['f??k.??n]

noun

PURPOSE

目的

IMPROVER

countable

■thenaturalpurpose(ofsomething)ortheduty(ofa

person)

功能,用途;職責(zé)?The

function

of

theveinsistocarryblood

totheheart.靜脈的功能是將血液輸送回心臟.?I'mnotquitesurewhatmy

function

iswithinthe

company.我拿不太準(zhǔn)自己在公司里有甚么職責(zé).?Athermostat

performs

the

function

of

controllingtemperature.自動(dòng)調(diào)溫器的功用是控制溫度.

外刊例句：Thatsumsup

oneof

theimportantfunctionsof

thewindpipe：keepingbacteriaandother

particlesintheairoutofthelungs,wheretheycouldcausepotentially

fatalinfections.(TheNewYorkTimes)

替換表達(dá)：oneofthemainfunctionsof

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

oneoftheimportantcontributionsof點(diǎn)評：contribution是指"貢獻(xiàn)”,與"功能”不同.

2-preparestudentsforasmoothtransitionintosociety

andtheworkplacepreparesbforsth/todosth意為"使某人準(zhǔn)備好(做)某事”.

詞典釋義：transition

tran·si·tion/

tr?n?z???n

;

tr?n?z???n

/noun

C,Uformal

1.whensomethingchangesfromoneformorstatetoanother過渡;轉(zhuǎn)變,變遷：

transitionfromsthtosth?thesmooth

transitionfromfulltimeworktofullretirement從全職工作到完全退休的順利過渡?Makingthe

transitionfromyouthtoadulthoodcanbeverypainful.從青少年過渡到成年有時(shí)是一個(gè)非常痛苦的過程.?asocietythatis

intransition(=changing)一個(gè)正在轉(zhuǎn)型的社會(huì)?theperiodof

transitiontofulldemocracy向全面民主的過渡時(shí)期

外刊例句：TheestablishmentoftheUN-backedGovernmentofNational

AccordinDecember2015wassupposedtoguaranteeLibya’s

transitioninto

apeaceful,unified

country,whereelectedofficialsratherthanarmedmilitantsgovern.(The

Economist)

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

makepreparationforsteadytransformationforthe

societyandworking點(diǎn)評：transformation含義是"徹底改觀,大變樣”,與transition(過渡)不同.(2)

transitsteadilytowardssocietyandworkpositions點(diǎn)評：transit作動(dòng)詞時(shí),含義是"通過或穿過”,例如：aircraft

transitingtheUnitedStatesandCanada飛越美國和加拿大的飛機(jī),在這里使用transit不合適.如果要表示動(dòng)詞形式的"過渡”,可以用transition(3)

students'preparationforthefuturecareer點(diǎn)評：表達(dá)太過簡略,不夠準(zhǔn)確.(4)

preparestudentstofitintothesocietyandensure

theirsmoothtransitiontothejobpositions點(diǎn)評：這里society是泛指,前面不能加冠詞,要改為fitintosociety;thejobpositions也不夠準(zhǔn)確,應(yīng)該改為theworkplace

3-studentparticipationandinteraction名詞可以作定語,所以這里student不需復(fù)數(shù),也不需所有格.

詞典釋義：participation

par·ti·ci·pa·tion/

pɑr?t?s??pe??n

;

pɑ??t?s??pe???n

/nounU

1.theactoftakingpartinanactivityorevent參加,參與：?Thankyouforyour

participation.謝謝你的參與.[+

in

]?Wewantmore

participationinthedecision-making.我們想更多地參與決策.?entertainmentwith

plentyofaudienceparticipation有許多觀眾參與的娛樂活動(dòng)

interactionUK

[??n.t?'r?k.??n]

US

[-t??-]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

■whentwoormorepeopleorthingscommunicatewithor

reacttoeachother

交流,交往;相互作用,相互影響?There'snotenough

interaction

between

themanagementandtheworkers.管理部門與工人之間的溝通不足.?Languagegamesareusuallyintendedtoencouragestudent

interaction.語言游戲通常用來鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生間的交流.?Theplayfollowsthe

interactions

ofthree

verydifferentcharacters.該劇以三個(gè)性格迥異的人物之間的交往為主線展開情節(jié).

外刊例句：ThisnetworkmeansastudentsittinginthePhilippinescan

undertakeanMBAdegreefromtheUniversityofSurreyintheU.K.,complete

withtutorialsupportandstudent

interaction

fromSTI.(TheEconomist)

學(xué)生替換表達(dá)：(1)

attendandinteractinclasses點(diǎn)評：attend不夠準(zhǔn)確,這里可以改為participate;interact后面一般要加介詞with,可以改為interactwithothersinclass,即participate

andinteractwithothersinclass(2)

takepartincourseinteractions點(diǎn)評：一般說法是takepartinclasscourses,后面的interaction可以改為andinteractwithothers

4-foster

詞典釋義：UK

['f?s.t?r]

US

['fɑ：.st?]

verb

ENCOURAGE

鼓勵(lì)

transitive

■toencouragethe

developmentorgrowthofideasorfeelings

鼓勵(lì);促進(jìn);培養(yǎng)

?I'mtryingto

foster

aninterestin

classicalmusic

in

mychildren.我正努力培養(yǎng)我的孩子們對古典音樂的興趣.?Theywerediscussingthebestwayto

foster

democracyandprosperityintheformercommunistcountries.他們正在討論促進(jìn)前共產(chǎn)主義國家民主和繁榮的最佳辦法.

外刊例句：Nowthoseschoolsthemselvesneedtobechanged,to

foster

thecreativitythathumans

willneedtosetthemapartfromcomputers.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：promote/cultivate/develop

Q：參考翻譯中用了shouldbe,不是很理解這里為什么要用虛擬語氣?A：這里不是虛擬語氣,這里只是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形而已.

Q：請問老師,"workplace”是可數(shù)名詞,這里為什么不用復(fù)數(shù)呢?是用"theworkplace”寬泛指代工作崗位A：theworkplace是一個(gè)固定說法,表示"工作場所”,這個(gè)用法可以記起來.

theworkplace

variant

used

ingeneralforreferringtoplaceswherepeoplework

discrimination

intheworkplace

Thesaurus：

general

wordsforofficesandtheworkplacehyponym

Q：workplace字典譯文工作場所,會(huì)不會(huì)working

post更合適呢?A：這里不可以根據(jù)漢語直譯過去,post一般指"(大機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)重要的)職位”,用在這里不合適.

Q：遇到這種長難句要怎么翻譯?我一開始翻譯的時(shí)候確定了主謂賓,但是不知道要怎么把修飾詞不斷加入,最后只好寫了好多個(gè)小句子.我寫的句子是：Oneofrolesofthehighereducationispreparingsmooth

transitionforstudentstowardthesocialityandjob.Onlythoughencouraging

studenttojoinclassandinteractivecoulduniversitydeveloptheirabilities.

Andthisabilitycouldmakestudentstransitsteadyandeffectively.

A：一般來說,確定句子主謂賓后可以再確定句子各個(gè)部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系,然后用連詞或者介詞將各個(gè)部分連接起來.舉個(gè)例子：

(1)

Onlythoughencouragingstudenttojoinclassand

interactivecoulduniversitydeveloptheirabilities.(2)

Andthisabilitycouldmakestudentstransitsteady

andeffectively.

這兩句話都有共同的部分ability,可以用to連接起來：Only

thoughencouragingstudenttojoinclassandinteractivecoulduniversity

developtheirabilitiestomakethetransitionsmoothlyandeffectively.

2.大學(xué)生已經(jīng)處于一個(gè)能夠了解自己的專業(yè)興趣,并且能夠自己做決定的年齡.因此,他們有在自己專業(yè)內(nèi)外選擇選修課的自由.Universitystudentsare

attheagewhen

(1.處于一個(gè)……的年齡)theyareawareoftheir

academicinterests

(2.專業(yè)興趣)andableto

makedecisionsontheirown(3.自己做決定).

Inlightofthisfact(4.因此),itisreasonablethattheyshouldbegiventhefreedomtotake

optionalcourses(5.選修課)bothwithinandoutsidetheir

majorareaofstudy(6.專業(yè)).

1-beattheagewhen...

處于一個(gè)……的年齡

詞典釋義：age

●●●●●Thespellingagingisalsoused,mainlyin

AmericanEnglish.亦拼作aging,主要用于美國英語.1.N-VAR

可變名詞

年齡

Your

age

isthe

numberofyearsthatyouhavelived.?Shehasanephewwhoisjusttenyearsof

age...她有一個(gè)才10歲的侄子.

?Atthe

age

ofsixteenhequalifiedforaplaceatthe

UniversityofHamburg...16歲時(shí),他就有資格進(jìn)入漢堡大學(xué).?Iadmiredhimforbeingsoconfidentathis

age.我欽佩他這般年紀(jì)就如此自信.

外刊例句：Baby-boomerswhohaven’tyetretired

are

now

attheagewhen

theyaremostlikelytobecomedisabled.Theirnumbershavebeenswollenby

theentryofmorewomentotheworkforce.Andagraduallyrisingretirement

agemeansbeneficiariescollectdisabilitypaymentslongerbeforetheyswitch

toapension.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：reach/gettoastagewhere,reachtheagewhen…

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)undertheagewhen點(diǎn)評：undertheage后面一般接of,即undertheageofseven/eight/nine…這里應(yīng)該改為at

theagewhen…(2)inanagewhen點(diǎn)評：inanagewhen是指"處于……的時(shí)代”,例如：Inanage

whenfewwomenbecamepoliticians,hercareerwasunusual.而不能指"處于一個(gè)……的年齡”.(3)inapositionthat點(diǎn)評：沒有inapositionthat這樣的搭配.(4)beoldenough點(diǎn)評：表達(dá)不夠準(zhǔn)確.

2-academicinterestsacademic尤其是指在校期間的、知識(shí)方面的.

詞典釋義：academic[??k.?'dem.?k]

adjective

STUDYING

學(xué)習(xí)的

IMPROVER

■relatingtoschools,collegesanduniversities,or

connectedwithstudyingandthinking,notwithpracticalskills

學(xué)校的,學(xué)院的;學(xué)術(shù)的?academic

subjects/qualifications/books學(xué)科／學(xué)歷／學(xué)術(shù)書籍?an

academic

institution學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)?the

academic

year(=thetime,usuallyfromSeptember

toJune,duringwhichstudentsgotoschoolorcollege)學(xué)年?academic

standards學(xué)術(shù)水準(zhǔn)

外刊例句：Ijusthappentohavemovedintoadifferentlearning

deliverymodelbecauseIknewitwouldgivemegreaterflexibilityto

continuewithmy

academicinterests

andspendmoretimewithmyfamily.It'samodelthatfitsaroundmylife.

(TheGuardian)

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

professionalinterests點(diǎn)評：professionalinterests一般是指自己擅長領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的興趣,比如攝影,運(yùn)動(dòng)等,這與academicinterests(學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的興趣)不同.《衛(wèi)報(bào)》例句：We

tendtofurnishourdigitalidentitieswithastringofpersonaland

professionalinterests

thatalso

definethescopeofourconversationsonline.(2)

majorappetites點(diǎn)評：appetite是指"食欲;欲望”,不能用來指"興趣”.(3)

majorpreference點(diǎn)評：preference是指"偏愛,偏好”,與"興趣”不同.建議寫的時(shí)候多查查詞典,熟悉單詞在語境下的用法.

3-makedecisionsonone’sown

詞典釋義：12.PHRASE

短語

獨(dú)立地;依靠自己地

Ifyoudosomething

on

your

own,youdoit

withoutanyhelpfromotherpeople.

【搭配模式】：PHRafterv?Iworkbestonmy

own.我獨(dú)立工作的時(shí)候效果最好.?...thejobsyourchildcandoonher

own.孩子能獨(dú)立完成的事情

外刊例句：MeiFong,aformerBeijingcorrespondentoftheWallStreet

Journalwhowroteabookabouttheone-childpolicy,saysthecostofraising

achild

onone’sown

issuchthat

itisusuallyonlyrichpeoplewhotry.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：makedecisionsbythemselves/maketheirowndecisions

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)independentlymakedecisions點(diǎn)評：語序調(diào)整為makedecisionsindependently會(huì)更加自然.

4-inlightofthisfact

詞典釋義：[la?t]

noun

inthelightofsth

(USusually

inlightof)

■becauseof

因?yàn)?鑒于?Inthe

light

ofrecentincidents,weareaskingourcustomerstotakeparticularcareoftheirpersonalbelongings.鑒于最近發(fā)生的幾宗事件,我們提醒顧客要特別注意看好自己的個(gè)人物品.

外刊例句：Passportsweredevisedasthemeansbywhichwecouldcross

borders.Nowyouneedthemtogotoschool,torentaflatorbeseenbya

doctor.

Inlightofthisfact,it

isdisingenuoustoclaim,astheDfErecentlyattemptedtodo,thatthisis

notaboutimmigrationcontrol.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：Therefore/Thus/Accordingly/Consequently

5-optionalcourses

詞典釋義：optionalUK

['?p.??n.?l]

US

['ɑ：p-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■Ifsomethingisoptional,youcanchoosewhethertodo

it,payit,buyit,etc

可選擇的;非強(qiáng)制的?Englishiscompulsoryforallstudents,butartandmusic

are

optional.英語是所有學(xué)生的必修課,而藝術(shù)和音樂則是選修的.

外刊例句：Duringthesecondyear,manyschoolsincludeacompulsory

integrative,orcapstone,course,oftenbasedonbusinessstrategy,designed

topulltogetherthefirstyear'swork.Butgenerallystudentspursuetheir

owninterestsorcareerobjectivesthroughtaking

optionalsubjects,orelectives.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：optionalsubjects/electivecourses

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

optioncourses點(diǎn)評：這里應(yīng)該改為固定表達(dá)optionalcourses(2)

selectivecourses點(diǎn)評：沒有selectivecourses這個(gè)表達(dá),應(yīng)該改為electivecourses

Q：attheagewhen是不是可以用說attheage

that?A：不可以.atan/theagewhen…是一個(gè)固定搭配,when不能用that來代替.

Q：中文的因此,有多種翻譯方法,可否請老師講解一下,怎么選擇合適的書面用語,這里只用so可否?A：so會(huì)更加偏向于口語化的表達(dá),這里可以用更加正式的therefore

Q：chooseoptionalcourse這個(gè)用法可以嗎?A：可以,但是course要改為復(fù)數(shù)形式courses

3.學(xué)生的注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間可能相對有限,在長時(shí)間的課程過程中,他們的思路很可能就轉(zhuǎn)移到其它地方了.還有的學(xué)生在聽講的過程中雖然一直保持清醒,但他們把精力都用在匆忙記筆記上了.Studentsmayhavearelativelylimited

attentionspan(1.注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間),andtheirmindsarelikelyto

driftoff

(2.轉(zhuǎn)移)tootherthingsduring

longlectures(3.長時(shí)間的課程).Evenstudentswho

remainawakeandalert

(4.保持清醒)duringlecturesmayspendmoreoftheirenergy

scramblingtotakenotes(5.匆忙記筆記).

1-attentionspan

詞典釋義：span[sp?n]

noun

TIME

時(shí)間

countableusuallysingular

■theperiodoftimethatsometimesexistsorhappens

一段時(shí)間?Hehasashort

attention

/

concentration

span.他的注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間很短.?anaverage

life

span

ofseventyyears平均壽命70歲?Overaspan

of

justthreeyears,thenewgovernmenthastransformedthecountry's

economicprospects.僅僅三年的時(shí)間,新政府已經(jīng)使該國的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景出現(xiàn)改觀.

外刊例句：Themediaisbeingbombardedbycountlesscompetitors,all

itchingtoseizetheshortening

attention

span

oftoday’stime-starvedandoptions-abundantmediaconsumer.(The

Economist)

替換表達(dá)：concentrationspan

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

continuousattention點(diǎn)評：中式表達(dá),應(yīng)該改為concentrationspan

2-drift(off)todrift帶有過程性,指逐漸地、或者不知不覺地轉(zhuǎn)變.

詞典釋義：drift[dr?ft]

verb

intransitiveusually+adverborpreposition

ADVANCED

■tomoveslowly,especiallyasaresultofoutsideforces,

withnocontroloverdirection

(尤指在外力作用下)飄,漂流,漂移

?Noonenoticedthattheboathadbegunto

drift

out

tosea.沒有人注意到船已經(jīng)開始漂向大海了.?Amist

drifted

in

fromthemarshes.一陣霧氣從沼澤地里飄過來.?Afterthebandstoppedplaying,people

drifted

away

intwosandthrees.樂隊(duì)演奏結(jié)束后,人們便三三兩兩地散去了.?figurative

Thetalk

drifted

aimlessly

fromonesubjecttoanother.談話漫無目的地從一個(gè)主題轉(zhuǎn)向另一個(gè)主題.■(ofapersonortheirattention)digressorstraytoanother

subject

離題;(注意力)轉(zhuǎn)移

Inoticedmyaudience'sattention

drifting.

我注意到聽眾注意力在分散.

外刊例句：Yetin2015,asMrObamaputsextrapressureonRussia,

AmericawillhaemorrhagesupportfromEuropeanallieswithmuchmoretolose.

SomenatomembersworrythatAmerica’sattentionwill

driftto

thenexthotspotwhiletheyremainstuckwitha

bellicoseneighbour.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：wander

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

shift點(diǎn)評：shift一般是指態(tài)度、意見和政策等的轉(zhuǎn)變,不可以用來指注意力的轉(zhuǎn)移.(2)

calloff點(diǎn)評：calloff含義是"取消”,不能用來指注意力的轉(zhuǎn)移.

3-longlectureslecture可以指大學(xué)課程.

詞典釋義：lectureUK

['lek.t??r]

US

[-t??]

noun

countable

IMPROVER

■aformaltalkonaseriousorspecialistsubjectgivento

agroupofpeople,especiallystudents

(尤指面向?qū)W生的)講座,課

?Wewenttoa

lecture

on

Italianart.我們?nèi)⒓恿艘粋€(gè)關(guān)于意大利藝術(shù)的講座.?Who's

giving

the

lecture

thisafternoon?

今天下午的講座由誰來講?

外刊例句：AnarticleinTime,Why

longlectures

areineffective,suggestedstudentscouldonly

focusfor15-minuteintervalsandthereforecouldnotbeexpectedtostay

awakeandengagedduringthestandard50-minutelecture.(TheGuardian)

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

longtimescourse點(diǎn)評：這里應(yīng)該改為longcourses

4-remainawakeandalertremain這里是系動(dòng)詞.

詞典釋義：alertUK

[?'l?：t]

US

[-'l?：t]

adjective

ADVANCED

■quicktosee,understandandactinaparticular

situation

機(jī)警的,機(jī)敏的,敏捷的?I'mnotfeelingvery

alert

today-not

enoughsleeplastnight!

今天我感覺特別遲鈍——昨晚沒睡好!?Acoupleof

alert

readerswroteintothe

paperpointingoutthemistake.有幾個(gè)眼尖的讀者給報(bào)社寫信,指出了這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤.?Parentsshouldbe

alert

to

sudden

changesinchildren'sbehaviour.父母應(yīng)該對孩子行為的突然變化有所警覺.

外刊例句：Somethingneedstobedonetoensurethatpilots

remainawakeandalert

throughout

everyflightontheoff-chancethattheywillbeneededforsomething.(The

Guardian)

替換表達(dá)：stayawakeandalert

5-scrambletotakenotesscramble除了"倉促”,還帶有"笨拙”的意味.

詞典釋義：3.

DOSTHQUICKLY

匆忙做某事,Ttotrytodosomethingdifficultveryquickly倉促完成〔困難的事〕：

scrambletodosth.?Theywere

scramblingtogivetheimpressionthatthesituationwasincontrol.他們急于給人一種形勢已在掌控中的印象.

外刊例句：Fiveyearsagothismonth,thediscoveryofablackholein

Greece’spublicfinancesmarkedthestartoftheeuro-zonecrisis.

Policymakershave

scrambledtocontain

iteversince.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：take/make/writenotesinhaste,jotdown/scribblenotes

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

allenergyareputonnoting點(diǎn)評：沒有表達(dá)出"匆忙”的意思,此外noting應(yīng)該改為makingnotes

Q：為什么保持清醒要加上alert?alert字典上沒有找到清醒的解釋,有的只是警惕、警覺.A：remainawakeandalert是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),這里記住就行.

Q：1.duration和span在這里是否可以替換?2.lecture和course能否替換?A：attentionspan是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),這里不能替換為duration;lecture和class可以替換.

Q：請問theyaredistractedtootherplaces可以表示注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其他地方的意思嗎?A：寫成theyaredistracted就可以了,to

otherplaces是中式表達(dá).

4.考試和作業(yè)是老師衡量學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)情況的一種手段.這些評估方法可能意義很大,因?yàn)樗鼈兎从沉藢W(xué)生對課程內(nèi)容的理解、獨(dú)立的研究和到目前為止的總體進(jìn)展情況.Examsandassignmentsoffer

onemeans

(1.一種手段)forteachersto

gaugestudents'learning(2.衡量學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)情況).These

methodsofevaluation(3.評估方法)maybevaluable,astheyreflect

students'understandingofcoursematerials(4.學(xué)生對課程內(nèi)容的理解),independentresearch,and

overallprogresstodate(5.到目前為止的總體進(jìn)展情況).

1-onemeansmeans單復(fù)數(shù)同形,常跟ofdoingsth.、todosth.

詞典釋義：means[mi：nz]

pluralnoun

METHOD

方法

IMPROVER

■amethodorwayofdoingsomething

方法,手段?Theyhadno

means

of

communication.他們沒有通訊方法.?Weneedtofindsomeother

means

of

transportation.我們需要找其他交通工具了.?Wemustuseevery

means

atourdisposal.我們必須把我們所能采用的各種方法都用上.?Shetriedtoexplain

bymeans

of

sign

language.她試圖用手語來解釋.?Thereisno

means

of

tracingthedebtat

all.根本無法追查這筆債.?Thefamily

had

no

means

of

support(=

wayofgettingmoney).這家人沒有收入來源.

外刊例句：Inessence,historyhasseenabattlebetweenmoney’srole

asastoreofvalue(whichrequiresarestrictedsupply)anditsroleas

ameansof

exchange(whichcan

requirethecreationofmoremoney).(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：way/method

2-gaugestudents'learning這里gauge取的是"v-測量”的延伸含義,而不是"判斷人的情感、態(tài)度”.

詞典釋義：gauge(US

also

gage)[ge?d?]

verb

transitive

MEASURE

測量

■tocalculateanamount,especiallybyusingameasuring

device

(尤指用測量儀器)測量,計(jì)量,測算?Useathermometerto

gauge

thetemperature.用溫度計(jì)測量一下溫度.?Itriedto

gauge

(=guess)theweightofthebox.我試圖估量一下箱子有多重.

外刊例句：EliteScholarsscreenspotentialclientsto

gauge

theirsuitabilityforadmission

toAmericanuniversities.Itrejectedmorethanhalfofthemin2014,Mr

Rothschildsays.Thefirmtellsadmissionsofficerswhichapplicantsithas

helped.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：assess/evaluate

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

evaluatestudents'studies點(diǎn)評：當(dāng)表示"學(xué)習(xí)”這種行為時(shí),study是不可數(shù)名詞,因此這里應(yīng)該改為evaluatestudents’

study

3-methodsofevaluationmethod后常跟介詞of、for搭配.

詞典釋義：

evaluation

1.ajudgmentabouthowgood,useful,orsuccessfulsomethingis評價(jià);評估;SYN

assessment

?Weneedtocarry

outaproperevaluationofthenewsystem.我們要對新的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行合理的評估.?Theytooksome

samplesofproductsforevaluation.他們對產(chǎn)品作了抽樣以備評估.

外刊例句：The

method

ofevaluation

usedbytheTimesis

morecomplicatedthensimplylookingattestscores.Thepaperperformeda

"valueadded"statisticalanalysis,whichisacontroversial

measurethathasbeenembracedbytheObamaadministrationandsomeinthe

educationcommunity.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：methodsofassessment/waystoevaluate/assessmentmethods

4-students'understandingofcoursematerials

詞典釋義：UK

[m?'t??.ri.?l]

US

[-'t?r.i-]

noun

INFORMATION

資訊

IMPROVER

countable

or

uncountable

■informationusedwhenwritingsomethingsuchasabook,

orinformationproducedinvariousformstohelppeopleortoadvertise

products

素材;資料;材料?I'mintheprocessof

collectingmaterial

foran

articlethatI'mwriting.我正在為所寫的一篇文章搜集資料.?

course

material

Teachersareprovided

withcoursematerial.

外刊例句：Professorspublish

course

materials

andvideosoftheirlecturesontheweb.Studentsinteractwith

eachotherandsubmitassignmentsbye-mail.Eventhoselivingonuniversity

campusesmaynonethelesslearnlargelyonline,skippinglecturesand

reportingonlyforthefinalexam.(TheEconomist)

替換表達(dá)：coursecontent

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

reflectstudents'understandingofclasscurriculum點(diǎn)評：curriculum是指"全部課程,課程安排”,與"課程內(nèi)容”不同.(2)

reflectstudents'understandingofcoursecontents點(diǎn)評：當(dāng)content表示"(教育項(xiàng)目或課程的)內(nèi)容”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞,因此這里要改為reflect

students'understandingofcoursecontent

5-overallprogresstodate

詞典釋義：overall

●●●●○Theadjectiveandadverbarepronounced/???v?r'??l/.Thenounis

pronounced/'??v?r??l/.形容詞和副詞讀作/???v?r'??l/.名詞讀作/'??v?r??l/.1.ADJ

形容詞

總的;總體的;全面的

Youuse

overall

toindicatethat

youaretalkingaboutasituationingeneraloraboutthewholeofsomething.

【搭配模式】：ADJn

【搭配模式】：ADVwithcl?...the

overall

riseinunemployment...失業(yè)率總體的上升?Cutdownyour

overall

amountof

physicalactivity...減少體力活動(dòng)的總量.?Itisusuallythewomanwhoassumes

ove