2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期北京初中英語八年級(jí)期末模擬試卷2

第1頁（共1頁）2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期北京初中英語八年級(jí)期末模擬試卷2一．選擇題（共12小題）1．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）LuXunisagreatwriterinChina.______wroteTheTrueStoryofAhQin1921.（）A．I B．You C．He D．She2．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）ItmaybecoldandwetinHongKong______January.（）A．in B．a(chǎn)t C．on D．to3．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）TrytolistentoEnglishradio，______that'sgoodforyourpronunciation.（）A．so B．but C．because D．or4．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）Forsomekids，playingfootballis______thanwatchingit.（）A．exciting B．moreexciting C．mostexciting D．themostexciting5．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）Thesestairsarenotsafe.You______usethem.（）A．mustn't B．must C．needn't D．can6．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）Thousandsofathletes（運(yùn)動(dòng)員）______toHangzhoufortheAsianGameslastautumn.（）A．go B．went C．a(chǎn)regoing D．willgo7．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）Mybrother'sbirthdayiscomingandIwanttobuyabookfor______.（）A．you B．her C．us D．him8．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）TinawenttoShanghaiwithherparents______May2nd，2020.（）A．on B．in C．to D．a(chǎn)t9．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）—Jim，______yougivemearubbishbag？—Sure.Hereyouare.（）A．must B．can C．should D．need10．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）Tomis_____boyinhisclass.（）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest11．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）Exerciseimprovesourbonehealth，______weshouldmakeitahabit.（）A．but B．a(chǎn)lthough C．so D．because12．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）—______willyoustayinyourgrandparents'home？—Forabouttwoweeks.（）A．Howlong B．Howoften C．Howmuch D．Howsoon二．完形填空（共1小題）13．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）SaveWaterExtremeweatherisawarningtous.It'stimeforeveryonetotakeactionstoslowdownclimatechange.Wecandrive（1），plantmoretrees，savewater，buylessplasticanddolotsofotherthings.Hereisanexampleof（2）waterfromAustralia.InmyhometowninAustralia，therearedifferentlevelsofwaterrestrictions（規(guī)定）duringdrysummers.Theyban（禁止）orlimittheuseofwaterforoutdoorpurpose.Insomestates，theyare"permanent（永久的）".Onerestrictionwehaveistoonly（3）ourgardenoncertaindaysandcertaintimes.Wateringintheeveningsaveswaterbecausethesunislessstrongandthiscan（4）thewaterfromevaporating（蒸發(fā)）soquickly.Thesamegoesfor（5）yourcar.Ifpeople（6）therules，they'llfaceafine（罰款）.Apartfromtheserestrictions，peoplearealsoencouragedtosavewaterinotherways，likebytakingshortershowers.Youcouldevenbuya（7）eggtimerandstickitontheshowerwalltoremindyouwhenyourshowertimeisup.Twominutesseemsshort，but（8）yougetusedtoit，it'senough.Let'ssavewaterandcherishwater.（1）A.lessB.moreC.betterD.worse（2）A.wastingB.keepingC.usingD.saving（3）A.useB.affordC.expectD.water（4）A.harmB.hideC.stopD.speed（5）A.washingB.buyingC.repairingD.driving（6）A.keepB.makeC.discussD.break（7）A.two﹣hourB.two﹣minuteC.two﹣weekD.two﹣day（8）A.untilB.unlessC.onceD.before三．閱讀理解（共5小題）14．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）Whenweseebabiesorpets，wecan'thelpgentlytouchingthemtoshowourlove.Andtheygiveushappyfeelingsback.Butarecentstudyshowsthatit'sdifferentforplants.Astudy，publishedinThePlantJournal，showsthatplantsdon't"like"tobetouched.That'sbecausetouchingchangestheirgenes（基因）and，evenworse，canslowtheirgrowth.ProfessorJimWhelanoftheLaTrobeInstituteinAustraliagaveanexplanation."Thelightesttouchfromahuman，animal，insect，orevenplantstouchingeachotherinthewind，leadstoahugegenechangeintheplant，"ScienceDailyreported.Inordertotestthetheory，thescientistsdidanexperimentonplants.Theygrewanumberofplantstotheageoffourweeks.Thentheytouchedthemwithapaintbrushevery12hoursovera36﹣hourperiod.Theyfoundthatasaresponsetothetouch，themitochondriaintheplantshadbeenpartlydestroyed.Themitochondria，asScienceAlertnoted，arethe"powerhouseofthecell".ThemitochondriaproduceenergyfortherestofthecellinbothanimalsandplantsIfthis"powerhouse"isweakened，theplantswilllosea.largeamountofenergythatshouldhavesupportedtheirgrowth.WhelanfurtherexplainedtoScienceDaily，"Ifthetouchingisrepeated，thenplantgrowthisreducedbyupto30percent."Althoughtheprocessdoeshaveastrongeffectonplants，usuallytheplantssurviveTouchingchangestheplants，butit'snotnecessarilyabadchange.AccordingtoScienceAlert，frequenttouchingormovingplantswillmakethemgrowshorterthanotherones.Theresearchersbelievethischange，insomeway，couldbehelpful.Itmayhelpplantsfightthreatstotheirhealthsuchasinsectsandbadweather.Thenewresearchfindingshaveledtoadeeperunderstandingoftheplants'responsetotouching.Andtheresearchmight"openupnewwaystoreducesensitivity（敏感性）andoptimize（優(yōu)化）growthinthefuture"，ScienceAlertreported.（1）Whydidthescientistsdotheexperiment？A.Tofindoutwhysomeplantsgrowmoreslowlythanothers.B.Totestiftouchingcanchangethegenesofplants.C.Toshowthatplants'andanimals'genesaredifferent.D.Toexplainwhytouchinghasdifferenteffectsonplantsandanimals.（2）WhatisthemitochondriainParagraph5？A.Themitochondriaaretheresponsetothetouch.B.Themitochondriaarethepowerhouse.C.Themitochondriaaresomethingthatcanproduceenergyforthecellinbothanimalsandplants.D.Themitochondriaarehugegenechangesintheplant.（3）Whatdothescientiststhinkwhenplantsbecomeshorterbecauseoftouching？A.Theymaybecomebetteratfightingthreats.B.Theymaybemoreeasilyharmedbybadweather.C.Theymaybemorelikelytobeattackedbyinsects.D.Theymaybecomelesssensitivetotouchinglater.15．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）Thesedays，teenagersareheavilyinfluencedbythemedia.ManyofthemhavewatchedthousandsofhoursofTV.That'smoretimethantheyspendwithteachersatschool.Andwehaven'tyetconsideredthehourstheyspendusingtheInternetandreadingnewspapers.However，severalstudieshaveshownaseriousproblem：today'steenagerslackmedialiteracy（媒體素養(yǎng)）.Inotherwords，theyhavedifficultycriticallythinkingabouttheinformationtheysee.Onestudythatwasdoneonmiddleschoolstudentsshowedthatmorethan80percentofthemcouldn'ttellthedifferencebetweenrealstoriesandadsthatlookedlikenews.StaffordProfessorKevinJohnteachesaclasscalledMediaEffects.Hetriestohelphisstudentslearnmedialiteracy.Theprofessorgaveanexamplethatshowswhymedialiteracyisimportant.Intheexample，twonewsstationsreportasnowstorm.Onefocusesontheterribleroadconditions.Theotherfocusesonkidsplayinginthesnow."Withanewsstory，newsstationstellyoutheimportantdetails.Thesedetailsmostlydependontheopinionsofthenewsdirector，howhefeelsitorwhathethinksof"saidJohn."Apersonwhohasmedialiteracywouldrealizethateachstoryisaboutonesideatthistime.Thereismoregoingon."Someexpertsthinkschoolisthebestplacetoteachmedialiteracy.Othersbelieveeveryone﹣fromparentstoreporters﹣shouldhelpteenagerslearntheskills.Asforthebesttimetostartlearningmedialiteracy，manyexpertssuggesttheageof12.Butsomebasicideascanbetaughtevenearlier."It'snevertooearlytostartlearningmedialiteracy，"Johnsaid.（1）Fromthefirstparagraph，wecanlearnthatteenagerstodayspendmoretime.A.usingtheInternetthanwatchingTVB.watchingTVthanstudyingatschoolC.studyingatschoolthanreadingnewspapersD.usingtheInternetthanreadingnewspapers（2）Theexampleshowsthatapersonwhohasmedialiteracyaboutanewsstory.A.shouldhavethesameopinionsasothersB.couldthinkaboutitsgoodandbadsidesC.mustknowaboutalltheimportantdetailsD.canknowwhatisreallyhappening（3）Themainideaofthepassageis.A.howtodevelopteenagers'medialiteracyB.whereteenagersshouldbetaughtmedialiteracyC.whyteenagersaresupposedtohavemedialiteracyD.whentoteachteenagers'medialiteracy16．（2023秋?東城區(qū)期末）Hankiscleverandcarefulabouthiswork.Chipisartisticandtakeschanceswithhisprojects.HanklikesChip.Butwhentheirteacheraskedthemtoworkonabookreporttogether，Hankwasunhappy."Ithinkweshoulddothebookreportlikeashow，"Chipsaid.HewasveryexcitedtoworkwithHank，becauseHankalwaysgotgoodgrades."Butitisnotashow，"Hankremindedhim."Itisabookreport.Wehavetowriteitdown.""Wewillwriteitdown，"Chipsaid."Butinsteadofreadingitinfrontoftheclass，wewillactitout!Wecanpresent（展示）thebookreportlikeit'saplay.Ormaybewecansingit!"Hankdidnotwanttosinghisbookreport.ThateveninghetoldhisparentsaboutChip."IdonotwanttoworkwithChip，"Hanksaid."Idon'tthinkChipunderstandswhatabookreportis.""YourteachertoldyoutoworkwithChip，andthatiswhatyoumustdo，"Hank'sfathersaid."Thistaskisnotjustaboutreadingabookandwritingareport.Itisaboutworkingwithsomeoneelsetogetajobdone，evenifyouhavedifferences."Thenextday，assoonasHankwalkedintotheclassroom，Chipcameuptohim."Ihaveanidea!"Chipcriedout."Let'sdrawourbookreportlikeacomic（連環(huán)畫）!"Hankwasnotsureaboutthisidea.Butherememberedwhathisfathersaid."Wewillreadthebookandtalkaboutittogether，anddecidewhatwewanttosay，"Chipsaid."Thenyouwillsaysomeofitwithwords，andIwillsaysomeofitwithpictures!"Theboysworkedontheirbookreportallweek.Theirteacherwasveryhappywiththeirwork.NowHankandChiparegoodfriends，andHankalwaysenjoysworkingwithChip.（1）HankwasunhappyaboutworkingwithChipatfirstbecause.A.hedidn'tlikeChipB.hegotworsegradesthanChipC.Chipdidn'twanttoworkwithhimD.Chipalwaysthoughtofunusualideas（2）HowdidHankandChipfinallydothebookreport？A.Bysinging.B.Byreadingtheirwriting.C.Throughashow.D.Throughwordsandpictures.（3）Fromhisexperience，Hanklearnedabout.A.thepowerofbeingkindB.theimportanceofteamworkC.thefunofdoingabookreportD.theadvantageofbeingdifferent17．（2023秋?東城區(qū)期末）Therearemanyaspects（方面）tolanguagelearning，suchashowtosaywords，whichwordstochoose，andwhatformofwordstouse.Alloftheseaspectstogethercanmakelearningaforeignlanguageverydifficult.Buttherearesomepointsthatmightmakeiteasier，andmorefun.First，don'tworrytoomuchaboutpronouncingwordsthewrongway.Pronunciationisimportant，ofcourse.Ithelpsthelistenertounderstandwhatissaidmoreclearly.However，themostimportantstepinlearninganewlanguageistopracticespeakingit.Likelearninganynewskill（技能），practicemakesperfect.Andwhenyoupracticespeakingthenewlanguage，thenativespeaker（說本族語的人）usuallythinkshighlyofyourhardworkandisreadytohelpimproveyourpronunciation.Second，don'tbeafraidtoguessthemeaningofwhatsomeonesays.Therewillbealotofwordstolearnwhilestudyingaforeignlanguage.Infact，therearetensofthousandsofdifferentwordsinEnglish.Andawordmayhavemorethanonemeaning.Thesamegoeswithanyotherlanguage.Itisimpossibletoknowallthewordsandallthemeanings.Useclues（提示）toguessthemeaningofwhatotherssay.Whenmeetingapersonthatsays"Hola"andwaveshisorherhand，onemightguessthatthepersonisgivingagreeting.Itisnotimportantatthatmomenttoknowtheexactmeaning.Withmorepracticeofguessingthemeaningofnewwords，yourvocabularywillincrease.Third，don'tlosehope.Learninganewlanguagealwaystakestime.Manywillgiveuplearningbecauselearningalloftherulesofanotherlanguageistoohardorboring.Somemaythinkthatotherpeoplewillmakefunofthemformakingmistakes.Butit'sOKtomakemistakes.Nobodyisperfect，afterall.Don'tgiveupandkeeptrying.Intheend，learninganewlanguagecanbedifficult，butrememberthatitcanhavegreatbenefits（益處）.Learninganewlanguagedoesn'tjustmeantheabilitytospeakinthatdifferentlanguage.Itcanalsoincludemakingnewfriends，experiencingnewadventuresinadifferentculture，andtastingnewfoods!（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Englishhasmorewordsthananyotherlanguage.B.Nativespeakersthinkhighlyofperfectpronunciation.C.Guessingthemeaningofnewwordsisanimportantskill.D.Learninggrammarrulesiseasierthanlearningpronunciation.（2）Thewritersuggestsaforeignlanguagelearnershould.A.gotoaforeigncountrytolearnitB.feelrelaxedaboutmakingmistakesC.rememberasmanywordsaspossibleD.findinterestingwaystolearntherules（3）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.Adviceforlearningaforeignlanguage.B.Reasonsforlearningaforeignlanguage.C.Difficultiesinlearningaforeignlanguage.D.Advantagesoflearningaforeignlanguage.18．（2023秋?昌平區(qū)期末）Allanimalscommunicate.Crabswavetheirclawstoshowthatthey'rehealthyandreadytomate.Beesdanceinaspecialwaytoletotherbeesknowwheretofindfood.Alloftheseanimalshaveamazingcommunicationways，butdotheyhavelanguage？Toanswerthatquestion，wecanlookatthefollowingkeypointsoflanguage.●Putdifferentunitsintonewordertoshownewideas，likerearranging（重新排列）asetofletterstomakedifferentwords.●Placetheseunitsingrammaticalorder.●Uselanguagetopassonalargenumberofmessages.●Talkaboutthingsthataren'tinfrontofus，suchaspast，future，orunrealevents.Doesanimalcommunicationshowanyofthesepoints？Forcrabs，theanswerisno.Theydon'tputtheirunitstogetherincreativeways.Thoseunitsalsodon'thavetobeingrammaticalorder，andtheyonlycommunicatetheirliferightnow，like"Iamhealthy，"or"Iamsick".Butsomeanimalsactuallyshowsomeofthesepoints.Beesusedifferentmovestoshowwherethefoodis.Warningsfromsomedogsshowthesize，shapeandspeedoftheanimalsandpeoplethatmaybedetrimentaltothem.Theirwarningsevenpasstheinformationlikewhatpeoplearewearingandwhetherhe'scarryingagun.Somegorillas（大猩猩）haveevenlearnedbodylanguage.Sometimestheyputtheirarmsuptoshowtheirdominance（支配地位）.Whilethesecommunicationwaysmayhavesomecommonpointsoflanguage，noneshowallfour.Evengorillas'amazingabilitiesarestillnotasgoodasthelanguageskillsofmostthree﹣year﹣oldhumans.Andanimalsusuallytalkaboutfewthings.Beestalkaboutfoodandcrabstalkaboutthemselves.Asanimalcommunicationcan'tshowallthekeypointsoflanguage，scientistsbelievethatthereisnoreallanguageamonganimals.（1）Whatdoweknowaboutanimalcommunicationfromthepassage？A.Crabstalkaboutdifferentkindsofthingsinlife.B.Dogs'warningsshowwhatapersonwearsandsays.C.Gorillasputtheirarmsuptoshowtheirruleoverothers.D.Bees'specialdancesandsongscantelltheplacesoffood.（2）Theword"detrimental"inParagraph8probablymeans"".A.patientB.harmfulC.unusualDunexplained（3）Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage？A.DoAnimalsHaveLanguage？B.WhyDoAnimalsTalkDifferently？C.FourKeyPointsinLanguageD.WaysofAnimalCommunication四．任務(wù)型閱讀（共1小題）19．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）信息匹配。請(qǐng)根據(jù)1﹣3小題中所描述的Steven，Lily和Jessie三個(gè)人的特點(diǎn)，幫助他們進(jìn)行選擇，并將對(duì)應(yīng)的序號(hào)A、B、C填寫在相應(yīng)的位置上。Wintervacationiscoming.PleasehelpSteven，LilyandJessiechoosethewintercampstheycanjoininChina.A.SnowCampDoyouwanttoenjoytheexcitementinsnow？Imaginesliding（滑）downmountainswitheverywheresilver（銀色）freely.BothEnglishandChinesecoachesareavailable（可選擇的）.Cometojoinourwintercamp.Age7﹣18SonghuaLakeResort（度假勝地），Jilin7DaysJan.22﹣28B.TheSilk（絲綢）RoadCampAreyouinterestedinthehistoryoftheSilkRoadandancient（古代的）capitalofChina？CometoexperiencetheChineseculturewithus.Youwillhaveawonderfultimeinthiscamp.Age10﹣15Age6﹣9withparentsXi'an，Shaanxi5DaysJan.29﹣Feb.2C.RainForestCampDoyouhopetoknowmoreabouttheAsianelephantsandamazinginsects（昆蟲）inrainforest？CometothesouthwestofChinatomeetus.Let'sopentheworldofwildlifetogether.Age8﹣18Age5﹣7withparentsXishuangbanna，Yunnan6DaysFeb.18﹣23（1）Stevenis7yearsoldandinterestedinwildanimals.Hecanchoosewithhisparents.（2）LilyisaChinesefan.ShewantstoknowmoreabouttheancientChineseculture.Soisagoodchoiceforher.（3）JessielikesdoingsportsverymuchandshealsowantstoimproveherChineseinthewintercamp，soshecanchoose.五．翻譯題（共4小題）20．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）來北京最好的時(shí)間是秋天。（thebesttime）21．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）她一到家就會(huì)給我打電話。（assoonas）22．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）昨晚爸爸在做飯，我和媽媽在看電視。（while）23．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）這太黑了，她什么也看不見。（so...that）六．書面表達(dá)（共1小題）24．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以"朋友間互相幫助"為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)用英語寫一篇短文投稿，談?wù)勀愫团笥鸦ハ鄮椭慕?jīng)歷，主要內(nèi)容包括：你曾經(jīng)做了什么事情來幫助你的朋友，你的朋友曾經(jīng)做了什么事情來幫助你，以及你的感受。不少于50詞。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。提示詞語：help，friend，study，happy提示問題：●Whatdidyoudotohelpyourfriend？●Whatdidyourfrienddotohelpyou？●Howdidyoufeel？Itisimportantforfriendstohelpeachother._____________________________________________

2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期北京初中英語八年級(jí)期末典型試卷2參考答案與試題解析一．選擇題（共12小題）1．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）LuXunisagreatwriterinChina.______wroteTheTrueStoryofAhQin1921.（）A．I B．You C．He D．She【考點(diǎn)】人稱代詞的主格．【答案】C【分析】魯迅是中國的一位偉大的作家。他在1921年寫了《阿Q正傳》?！窘獯稹縄我；you你；he他；she她，都是人稱代詞。根據(jù)前句句意"魯迅是中國的一位偉大的作家"和常識(shí)可知，魯迅是男性，用人稱代詞he代替魯迅，在后句中作主語。故選：C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查人稱代詞，要牢記人稱代詞的詞義及用法，進(jìn)行比較分析，選擇正確答案。2．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）ItmaybecoldandwetinHongKong______January.（）A．in B．a(chǎn)t C．on D．to【考點(diǎn)】時(shí)間介詞．【答案】A【分析】香港一月份可能又冷又濕?！窘獯稹縜t后跟時(shí)間點(diǎn)；on后跟具體日期；in后跟年、月或季節(jié)；to朝，向。January（1月）指具體月份，前面用介詞in。故選：A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】熟悉時(shí)間介詞，根據(jù)所給選項(xiàng)解答即可。3．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）TrytolistentoEnglishradio，______that'sgoodforyourpronunciation.（）A．so B．but C．because D．or【考點(diǎn)】原因狀語從句．【答案】C【分析】盡量去聽英文廣播，因?yàn)檫@樣做對(duì)你的發(fā)音有好處?！窘獯稹緼.so因此；B.but但是；C.because因?yàn)?；D.or否則，或者。根據(jù)TrytolistentoEnglishradio...that'sgoodforyourpronunciation.（盡量去聽英文廣播這樣做對(duì)你的發(fā)音有好處。）可知，此處后半句是前半句的原因。故選：C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】根據(jù)上下文選擇恰當(dāng)邏輯連詞補(bǔ)全句子。4．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）Forsomekids，playingfootballis______thanwatchingit.（）A．exciting B．moreexciting C．mostexciting D．themostexciting【考點(diǎn)】形容詞的比較級(jí)．【答案】B【分析】對(duì)一些孩子來說，踢足球比看足球更刺激。【解答】exciting令人激動(dòng)的；選項(xiàng)B是比較級(jí)形式；選項(xiàng)C是最高級(jí)形式；選項(xiàng)D的意思是"非常令人激動(dòng)"。根據(jù)句中的than（比）可知空格上應(yīng)使用比較級(jí)形式，因此本題正確答案是B。故選：B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】解答本題需根據(jù)句中的than確定使用比較級(jí)形式，再根據(jù)所給選項(xiàng)的不同形式選取正確答案。5．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）Thesestairsarenotsafe.You______usethem.（）A．mustn't B．must C．needn't D．can【考點(diǎn)】must的用法．【答案】A【分析】這些樓梯不安全。你禁止使用它們?！窘獯稹緼禁止；B必須；C沒必要；D可能，可以。根據(jù)Thesestairsarenotsafe.（這些樓梯不安全。）可知是你禁止使用它們。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。故選：A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查must用法，分析題干，選出答案。6．（2023秋?豐臺(tái)區(qū)期末）Thousandsofathletes（運(yùn)動(dòng)員）______toHangzhoufortheAsianGameslastautumn.（）A．go B．went C．a(chǎn)regoing D．willgo【考點(diǎn)】一般過去時(shí)．【答案】B【分析】去年秋天，成千上萬的運(yùn)動(dòng)員去杭州參加亞運(yùn)會(huì)。【解答】根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語lastautumn可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。A一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；B一般過去時(shí)；C現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；D一般將來時(shí)。故選：B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)，分析選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合句意選擇正確答案。7．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）Mybrother'sbirthdayiscomingandIwanttobuyabookfor______.（）A．you B．her C．us D．him【考點(diǎn)】人稱代詞的賓格．【答案】D【分析】我弟弟的生日快到了，我想給他買一本書。【解答】you你，人稱代詞主格/賓格；her她/她的，人稱代詞賓格/形容詞性物主代詞；us我們，人稱代詞賓格；him他，人稱代詞賓格；分析句子可知，此處位于介詞for之后作賓語，應(yīng)使用人稱代詞賓格，buysth.forsb."給某人買某物"；根據(jù)Mybrother'sbirthdayiscoming（我弟弟的生日快到了）可知是給弟弟買一本書，弟弟是男的，對(duì)應(yīng)的人稱代詞賓格是him。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】掌握人稱代詞賓格用法，結(jié)合語境，認(rèn)真分析，得出答案。8．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）TinawenttoShanghaiwithherparents______May2nd，2020.（）A．on B．in C．to D．a(chǎn)t【考點(diǎn)】時(shí)間介詞．【答案】A【分析】緹娜于2020年五月二號(hào)和她的父母一起去了上海。【解答】in用于年、月、季節(jié)前，也可用在表示泛指的早上、晚上、下午前。如：inspring在春天，inSeptember在九月，in2019在2019年，inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上。on用于具體的某一天或具體某一天的早上、下午、晚上。如：onChineseNewYear'sEve在除夕，onSundaymorning在周日早晨。at用于某個(gè)假期期間（不指具體的某一天）或具體的幾點(diǎn)鐘。如：atChineseNewYear在春節(jié)期間，atfiveo'clock在五點(diǎn)。to朝著，對(duì)于。根據(jù)空后May2nd，2020（2020年五月二號(hào)）指具體的某一天，用on。故選：A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查介詞，分析題干，選出答案。9．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）—Jim，______yougivemearubbishbag？—Sure.Hereyouare.（）A．must B．can C．should D．need【考點(diǎn)】can/could的用法．【答案】B【分析】—吉姆，你能給我一個(gè)垃圾袋嗎？—當(dāng)然。給你?！窘獯稹縨ust必須；can能；should應(yīng)該；need需要。分析句意應(yīng)為"你能給我一個(gè)垃圾袋嗎"，can符合題意。故選：B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的意思和用法，分析選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合句意選擇正確答案。10．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）Tomis_____boyinhisclass.（）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest【考點(diǎn)】形容詞的最高級(jí)．【答案】D【分析】湯姆是他班里最高的男孩。【解答】比較范圍"inhisclass"為三者或者以上，用最高級(jí)，tall為形容詞，其前加the。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】首先弄明白所缺失部分的準(zhǔn)確含義，然后滾局具體語境，確定合適的形式進(jìn)行作答。11．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）Exerciseimprovesourbonehealth，______weshouldmakeitahabit.（）A．but B．a(chǎn)lthough C．so D．because【考點(diǎn)】表示因果關(guān)系的連詞．【答案】C【分析】鍛煉可以促進(jìn)骨骼健康，所以我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成鍛煉的習(xí)慣?！窘獯稹縝ut但是；although雖然、盡管；so因此；because因?yàn)?。根?jù)題干"Exerciseimprovesourbonehealth，...weshouldmakeitahabit."（鍛煉可以促進(jìn)骨骼健康，……我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成鍛煉的習(xí)慣。）可知，前后句之間表達(dá)的是因果關(guān)系，前面是原因，后面是結(jié)果，所以應(yīng)用so來填空。故選：C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】辨析每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義，結(jié)合語境，選擇正確答案。12．（2023秋?通州區(qū)期末）—______willyoustayinyourgrandparents'home？—Forabouttwoweeks.（）A．Howlong B．Howoften C．Howmuch D．Howsoon【考點(diǎn)】時(shí)段．【答案】A【分析】——你會(huì)住在你祖父母家多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？——大約兩周?！窘獯稹緼多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，詢問時(shí)間段；多長(zhǎng)，詢問物體的長(zhǎng)度；B多久一次，詢問頻率；C多少，詢問價(jià)格及不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量；D多久以后，詢問in+時(shí)間段。根據(jù)下文Forabouttwoweeks.（大約兩周。）表示時(shí)間段，可知使用howlong提問。故選：A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】分析選項(xiàng)的意思，結(jié)合語境確定答案。二．完形填空（共1小題）13．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）SaveWaterExtremeweatherisawarningtous.It'stimeforeveryonetotakeactionstoslowdownclimatechange.Wecandrive（1）A，plantmoretrees，savewater，buylessplasticanddolotsofotherthings.Hereisanexampleof（2）DwaterfromAustralia.InmyhometowninAustralia，therearedifferentlevelsofwaterrestrictions（規(guī)定）duringdrysummers.Theyban（禁止）orlimittheuseofwaterforoutdoorpurpose.Insomestates，theyare"permanent（永久的）".Onerestrictionwehaveistoonly（3）Dourgardenoncertaindaysandcertaintimes.Wateringintheeveningsaveswaterbecausethesunislessstrongandthiscan（4）Cthewaterfromevaporating（蒸發(fā)）soquickly.Thesamegoesfor（5）Ayourcar.Ifpeople（6）Dtherules，they'llfaceafine（罰款）.Apartfromtheserestrictions，peoplearealsoencouragedtosavewaterinotherways，likebytakingshortershowers.Youcouldevenbuya（7）Beggtimerandstickitontheshowerwalltoremindyouwhenyourshowertimeisup.Twominutesseemsshort，but（8）Cyougetusedtoit，it'senough.Let'ssavewaterandcherishwater.（1）A.lessB.moreC.betterD.worse（2）A.wastingB.keepingC.usingD.saving（3）A.useB.affordC.expectD.water（4）A.harmB.hideC.stopD.speed（5）A.washingB.buyingC.repairingD.driving（6）A.keepB.makeC.discussD.break（7）A.two﹣hourB.two﹣minuteC.two﹣weekD.two﹣day（8）A.untilB.unlessC.onceD.before【考點(diǎn)】說明文；環(huán)境保護(hù)．【答案】ADDCADBC【分析】短文主要寫了澳大利亞的水資源緊缺問題以及人們?nèi)绾喂?jié)約用水的方法。文章提到了干旱季節(jié)實(shí)行的不同級(jí)別的用水限制措施，包括禁止或限制戶外用水，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)了晚上澆水和短時(shí)間洗澡等節(jié)水方法。文章呼吁人們共同努力節(jié)約用水，珍惜水資源?！窘獯稹浚?）考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：我們可以少開車，多種樹，節(jié)約用水，少用塑料，做許多其它事情。A更少的；B更多的；C更好的；D更差的。根據(jù)句意可知減少污染需要少開車。故選A。（2）考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：下面是一些澳大利亞節(jié)水的例子。A浪費(fèi)；B保持；C使用；D節(jié)約。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示"節(jié)約"。故選D。（3）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：其中一個(gè)規(guī)定是我們只在特定的日子和固定的次數(shù)澆花園。A使用；B負(fù)擔(dān)得起；C期待；D澆水。根據(jù)Wateringintheevening（晚上澆水）可知此處指"澆水"。故選D。（4）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：晚上澆水可以節(jié)約用水因?yàn)殛柟鉀]有那么強(qiáng)，這樣可以阻止水分蒸發(fā)得快。A傷害；B隱藏；C停止；D加速。stopsb./sth.fromdoing阻止某人/某物做，固定短語。故選C。（5）考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：洗車也是一樣的。A洗；B買；C修理；D駕駛。根據(jù)句意可知此處指晚上洗車也可以節(jié)水。故選A。（6）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果人們不遵守規(guī)則，他們將面臨罰款。A保持；B制作；C討論；D打破。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示不遵守會(huì)被罰款。故選D。（7）考查形容詞。句意：你應(yīng)該買一個(gè)兩分鐘的計(jì)時(shí)器，粘貼在墻上，提醒你洗澡時(shí)間。A兩小時(shí)的；B兩分鐘的；C兩周的；D兩天的。根據(jù)Twominutesseemsshort（兩分鐘似乎很短）可知此處指兩分鐘的計(jì)時(shí)器。故選B。（8）考查連詞。句意：兩分鐘似乎很短，但一旦你適應(yīng)了，這就夠了。A直到；B除非；C一旦；D在之前。根據(jù)句意，可知此處表示"一旦"。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】首先通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結(jié)合所學(xué)語法，運(yùn)用排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對(duì)答案。三．閱讀理解（共5小題）14．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）Whenweseebabiesorpets，wecan'thelpgentlytouchingthemtoshowourlove.Andtheygiveushappyfeelingsback.Butarecentstudyshowsthatit'sdifferentforplants.Astudy，publishedinThePlantJournal，showsthatplantsdon't"like"tobetouched.That'sbecausetouchingchangestheirgenes（基因）and，evenworse，canslowtheirgrowth.ProfessorJimWhelanoftheLaTrobeInstituteinAustraliagaveanexplanation."Thelightesttouchfromahuman，animal，insect，orevenplantstouchingeachotherinthewind，leadstoahugegenechangeintheplant，"ScienceDailyreported.Inordertotestthetheory，thescientistsdidanexperimentonplants.Theygrewanumberofplantstotheageoffourweeks.Thentheytouchedthemwithapaintbrushevery12hoursovera36﹣hourperiod.Theyfoundthatasaresponsetothetouch，themitochondriaintheplantshadbeenpartlydestroyed.Themitochondria，asScienceAlertnoted，arethe"powerhouseofthecell".ThemitochondriaproduceenergyfortherestofthecellinbothanimalsandplantsIfthis"powerhouse"isweakened，theplantswilllosea.largeamountofenergythatshouldhavesupportedtheirgrowth.WhelanfurtherexplainedtoScienceDaily，"Ifthetouchingisrepeated，thenplantgrowthisreducedbyupto30percent."Althoughtheprocessdoeshaveastrongeffectonplants，usuallytheplantssurviveTouchingchangestheplants，butit'snotnecessarilyabadchange.AccordingtoScienceAlert，frequenttouchingormovingplantswillmakethemgrowshorterthanotherones.Theresearchersbelievethischange，insomeway，couldbehelpful.Itmayhelpplantsfightthreatstotheirhealthsuchasinsectsandbadweather.Thenewresearchfindingshaveledtoadeeperunderstandingoftheplants'responsetotouching.Andtheresearchmight"openupnewwaystoreducesensitivity（敏感性）andoptimize（優(yōu)化）growthinthefuture"，ScienceAlertreported.（1）Whydidthescientistsdotheexperiment？BA.Tofindoutwhysomeplantsgrowmoreslowlythanothers.B.Totestiftouchingcanchangethegenesofplants.C.Toshowthatplants'andanimals'genesaredifferent.D.Toexplainwhytouchinghasdifferenteffectsonplantsandanimals.（2）WhatisthemitochondriainParagraph5？CA.Themitochondriaaretheresponsetothetouch.B.Themitochondriaarethepowerhouse.C.Themitochondriaaresomethingthatcanproduceenergyforthecellinbothanimalsandplants.D.Themitochondriaarehugegenechangesintheplant.（3）Whatdothescientiststhinkwhenplantsbecomeshorterbecauseoftouching？DA.Theymaybecomebetteratfightingthreats.B.Theymaybemoreeasilyharmedbybadweather.C.Theymaybemorelikelytobeattackedbyinsects.D.Theymaybecomelesssensitivetotouchinglater.【考點(diǎn)】說明文；科普知識(shí)．【答案】BCD【分析】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了植物不喜歡被觸摸，因?yàn)橛|摸會(huì)改變它們的基因，甚至?xí)p緩它們的生長(zhǎng)。【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Inordertotestthetheory，thescientistsdidanexperimentonplants.（為了驗(yàn)證這一理論，科學(xué)家們?cè)谥参锷献隽艘粋€(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。）可知，科學(xué)家們做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是測(cè)試觸摸是否能改變植物的基因。B項(xiàng)符合原文表述。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Themitochondriaproduceenergyfortherestofthecellinbothanimalsandplants.（可以為動(dòng)物和植物的細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生能量.）可知，mitochondria就是可以為動(dòng)物和植物的細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生能量的東西，C項(xiàng)符合語境。故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Andtheresearchmight"openupnewwaystoreducesensitivity（敏感性）andoptimize（優(yōu)化）growthinthefuture.（這項(xiàng)研究可能"為降低敏感性和優(yōu)化未來增長(zhǎng)開辟新的途徑"）可知，當(dāng)植物因?yàn)橛|摸而變短時(shí)，科學(xué)家們會(huì)認(rèn)為它們以后可能對(duì)觸摸不那么敏感。D項(xiàng)符合語境。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。15．（2023秋?東城區(qū)校級(jí)期末）Thesedays，teenagersareheavilyinfluencedbythemedia.ManyofthemhavewatchedthousandsofhoursofTV.That'smoretimethantheyspendwithteachersatschool.Andwehaven'tyetconsideredthehourstheyspendusingtheInternetandreadingnewspapers.However，severalstudieshaveshownaseriousproblem：today'steenagerslackmedialiteracy（媒體素養(yǎng)