初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法短句單選題100道及答案解析

初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法短句單選題100道及答案解析1.There________afootballmatchnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.was答案：C解析：Therebe句型的將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)為：Thereis/aregoingtobe或Therewillbe。afootballmatch是單數(shù)，所以用Thereisgoingtobe。2.He________toBeijinglastyear.A.goesB.wentC.hasgoneD.willgo答案：B解析：lastyear是過(guò)去的時(shí)間，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，go的過(guò)去式是went。3.Mysister________fortwohours.A.hasbeensleepingB.sleptC.issleepingD.sleeps答案：A解析：fortwohours表示一段時(shí)間，要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且可能還在繼續(xù)的動(dòng)作。4.Ifit________tomorrow,we'llgoskating.A.doesn'tsnowB.won'tsnowC.didn'tsnowD.isn'tsnowing答案：A解析：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。5.We________Englishforfiveyears.A.havelearnedB.learnedC.havelearnD.willlearn答案：A解析：forfiveyears是一段時(shí)間，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為have/has+過(guò)去分詞，learn的過(guò)去分詞是learned。6.Heaskedme________Iwasbusywiththosedays.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.what答案：B解析：if表示“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。7.Theteachertoldusthattheearth________aroundthesun.A.goesB.wentC.goingD.togo答案：A解析：客觀真理用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)是客觀真理。8.Idon'tknow________hewillcometomorrow.________hecomes,I'lltellyou.A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;IfD.whether;If答案：D解析：第一空“是否”用if或whether都可以；第二空if表示“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。9.Couldyoutellme________?A.whereisthepostofficeB.wherethepostofficeisC.howcanIgettothepostofficeD.howIcangettothepostoffice答案：B解析：賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，A、C選項(xiàng)是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，B選項(xiàng)wherethepostofficeis是陳述句語(yǔ)序。10.Heis________thanhisbrother.A.tallB.tallerC.thetallestD.moretall答案：B解析：than是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志，tall的比較級(jí)是taller。11.Thisbookis________ofthetwo.A.thinnerB.thethinnerC.morethinnerD.thethinnest答案：B解析：ofthetwo表示“兩者中”，比較級(jí)前要加the。12.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan________inShanghai.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one答案：A解析：that指代前面提到的不可數(shù)名詞weather。13.—________doyougotothemovies?—Onceamonth.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowfarD.Howsoon答案：A解析：Onceamonth表示頻率，對(duì)頻率提問(wèn)用Howoften。14.—________isitfromyourhometotheschool?—It'sfivekilometers.A.HowfarB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch答案：A解析：Fivekilometers表示距離，對(duì)距離提問(wèn)用Howfar。15.It'simportant________Englishwell.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned答案：B解析：It's+adj.+todosth.表示“做某事是......的”，是固定句型。16.Myfatherenjoys________newspapersafterdinner.A.readingB.readC.toreadD.reads答案：A解析：enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事。17.You'dbetter________toomuchmeat.It'sbadforyourhealth.A.noteatB.nottoeatC.don'teatD.tonoteat答案：A解析：hadbetter(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事。18.Pleasestop________.It'stimeforclass.A.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked答案：C解析：stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事；stoptodosth.停下來(lái)去做另一件事。這里是上課時(shí)間，要停止說(shuō)話，用stoptalking。19.Theboyistooyoung________toschool.A.togoB.goingC.goesD.go答案：A解析：too...to...太......而不能......，to后跟動(dòng)詞原形。20.—________beautifuldress!—Thankyou.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa答案：B解析：中心詞是dress名詞，用What引導(dǎo)感嘆句，dress是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，前面要加a。21.—________carefulyouare,________mistakesyouwillmake.—Thankyouforyouradvice.A.Themore;thefewerB.Themore;thelessC.Theless;thefewerD.Themore;themore答案：A解析：“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越......，越......”。careful的比較級(jí)是morecareful，mistakes是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，用fewer修飾。22.NeitheryounorI________adoctor.A.amB.areC.isD.were答案：A解析：neither...nor...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循“就近原則”，I與am連用。23.BothTomandMary________hard.A.studiesB.studyC.isstudyingD.arestudying答案：B解析：both...and...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，study的復(fù)數(shù)形式是study。24.Notonlyhebutalsohisparents________toBeijing.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.havebeenD.havegone答案：D解析：notonly...butalso...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循“就近原則”，hisparents是復(fù)數(shù)，用have；havegoneto表示“去了某地（還沒(méi)回來(lái)）”，havebeento表示“去過(guò)某地（已經(jīng)回來(lái)）”，這里是去了北京，用havegone。25.Thereare________peopleintheparkonSundays.A.muchB.alotC.alotofD.lotof答案：C解析：people是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，alot修飾動(dòng)詞，alotof修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。26.—Howmany________arethereintheroom?—Therearefive.A.womanB.womenC.boyD.man答案：B解析：howmany后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，woman的復(fù)數(shù)是women。27.Ihavetwo________andthreebottlesof________here.A.orange;orangeB.oranges;orangesC.oranges;orangeD.orange;oranges答案：C解析：第一空two后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)oranges；第二空orange作“橙汁”講是不可數(shù)名詞。28.Thispairofshoes________nice.A.lookB.looksC.areD.be答案：B解析：Thispairofshoes作主語(yǔ)，中心詞是pair，是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用looks。29.TheSmiths________havingdinnernow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were答案：B解析：TheSmiths表示“史密斯一家人”，是復(fù)數(shù)，now表明是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用are+doing。30.LucyandLily________inthesameclass.A.isB.areC.amD.be答案：B解析：LucyandLily是兩個(gè)人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用are。31.Here________somebooksforyou.A.isB.areC.hasD.have答案：B解析：Herebe...表示“這里有......”，somebooks是復(fù)數(shù)，用are。32.There________somemilkinthebottle.A.isB.areC.hasD.have答案：A解析：milk是不可數(shù)名詞，用is。33.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch?—________noodles.A.I'dlikeB.IlikeC.IwilllikeD.Iwant答案：A解析：“Whatwouldyoulike...?”的回答用“I'dlike...”。34.—Wouldyoulike________coffee?—No,thanks.Idon'tlike________.A.some;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some答案：C解析：在表示請(qǐng)求或建議的疑問(wèn)句中，用some不用any；在否定句中用any不用some。35.Mymother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgiveB.givesC.gaveD.hasgiven答案：A解析：onmynextbirthday是將來(lái)的時(shí)間，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。36.—Shallwegoshoppingthisafternoon?—________.A.GoodideaB.That'srightC.Yes,weshallD.No,wedon't答案：A解析：“Shallwe...?”表示建議，“Goodidea”表示“好主意”，是對(duì)建議的肯定回答。37.—HappyNewYear!—________A.Thankyou.B.Thesametoyou.C.You'rewelcome.D.That'sallright.答案：B解析：別人祝你新年快樂(lè)，你也應(yīng)祝對(duì)方新年快樂(lè)，用Thesametoyou.38.—MerryChristmas!—________A.Thankyou.B.That'sOK.C.Thesametoyou.D.You'rewelcome.答案：C解析：MerryChristmas是圣誕節(jié)的祝福語(yǔ)，回答用Thesametoyou.39.—________?—It'sMonday.A.What'sthedatetodayB.WhatdayisittodayC.What'sthetimeD.Howareyou答案：B解析：It'sMonday.回答的是星期，對(duì)星期提問(wèn)用Whatdayisittoday?40.—________?—It'sJune1st.A.What'sthedatetodayB.WhatdayisittodayC.What'sthetimeD.Howareyou答案：A解析：It'sJune1st.回答的是日期，對(duì)日期提問(wèn)用What'sthedatetoday?41.He________toschoolbybikeeveryday.A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgo答案：A解析：everyday是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志，主語(yǔ)he是第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用goes。42.Look!Thegirls________intheclassroom.A.danceB.aredancingC.dancedD.dances答案：B解析：Look!是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志，結(jié)構(gòu)是be+doing，主語(yǔ)thegirls是復(fù)數(shù)，用aredancing。43.She________herhomeworkathomeyesterday.A.didn'tB.doesn'tdoC.didn'tdoD.doesn't答案：C解析：yesterday是過(guò)去的時(shí)間，否定句用didn't+動(dòng)詞原形，doone'shomework是固定短語(yǔ)。44.—________didyougolastweekend?—Iwenttothezoo.A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.When答案：B解析：根據(jù)回答“Iwenttothezoo.”可知是問(wèn)地點(diǎn)，用Where。45.—________didyoustayinBeijing?—Fortwoweeks.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howsoon答案：A解析：Fortwoweeks表示一段時(shí)間，對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問(wèn)用Howlong。46.—________didyoucometoschoolthismorning?—Bybike.A.WhatB.HowC.WhenD.Where答案：B解析：Bybike表示方式，對(duì)方式提問(wèn)用How。47.Theboyis________tocarrythebox.A.strongenoughB.enoughstrongC.toostrongD.sostrong答案：A解析：enough修飾形容詞放在形容詞后面，strongenough表示“足夠強(qiáng)壯”。48.Themathproblemis________difficultforme________workout.A.too;toB.so;thatC.enough;toD.such;that答案：A解析：too...to...表示“太......而不能......”，Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.這道數(shù)學(xué)題對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太難了，做不出來(lái)。49.Heis________alovelyboy________wealllikehim.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.too;toD.enough;to答案：A解析：such+a/an+adj.+n.+that...表示“如此......以至于......”，such修飾名詞；so+adj.+a/an+n.+that...，so修飾形容詞。這里是suchalovelyboy。50.Thisis________interestingbookthatIwanttoreaditagain.A.soB.suchC./D.suchan答案：D解析：such+an+adj.+n.表示“如此......的一個(gè)......”，interesting是以元音音素開(kāi)頭，用an。51.—________doyouhaveanartfestivalinyourschool?—Onceayear.A.HowoftenB.HowmanyC.HowlongD.Howsoon答案：A解析：Onceayear表示頻率，對(duì)頻率提問(wèn)用Howoften。52.—________studentsarethereinyourclass?—Fifty.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howfar答案：A解析：students是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)用Howmany。53.—________istheruler?—It'stwoyuan.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howfar答案：B解析：It'stwoyuan.回答的是價(jià)格，對(duì)價(jià)格提問(wèn)用Howmuch。54.—________haveyoubeeninChina?—Forthreeyears.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar答案：A解析：Forthreeyears表示一段時(shí)間，對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問(wèn)用Howlong。55.—________willyoucomeback?—Inaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar答案：C解析：Inaweek.表示“在一周后”，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間提問(wèn)用Howsoon。56.Myfather________whenIgothome.A.cooksB.wascookingC.iscookingD.cooked答案：B解析：whenIgothome表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，was/were+doing，主語(yǔ)myfather是第三人稱單數(shù)，用wascooking。57.WhileI________TV,thebellrang.A.watchB.waswatchingC.watchedD.amwatching答案：B解析：while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。58.They________afootballgamefrom8to10lastnight.A.werewatchingB.watchC.watchedD.arewatching答案：A解析：from8to10lastnight是過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。59.Whentheteachercamein,thestudents________.A.talkB.weretalkingC.talkedD.aretalking答案：B解析：When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。60.I________myhomeworkwhilemyparents________TVlastnight.A.did;watchedB.wasdoing;werewatchingC.did;werewatchingD.wasdoing;watched答案：B解析：while連接兩個(gè)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。61.Theboywithhisparents________tothemuseumonceamonth.A.goB.goesC.goingD.togo答案：B解析：Theboywithhisparents中心詞是theboy，是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用goes。62.EitheryouorI________right.A.amB.isC.areD.be答案：A解析：either...or...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循“就近原則”，I與am連用。63.Theteachertoldusthatlight________fasterthansound.A.travelsB.traveledC.wastravelingD.willtravel答案：A解析：“光比聲音傳播得快”是客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，light是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用travels。64.Notonlymyparentsbutalsomysister________toBeijing.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.havegoneD.hasgone答案：D解析：notonly...butalso...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循“就近原則”，mysister是第三人稱單數(shù)，用has；have/hasgoneto表示“去了某地（還沒(méi)回來(lái)）”，have/hasbeento表示“去過(guò)某地（已經(jīng)回來(lái)）”，這里是去了北京，用hasgone。65.TheGreens________Chinaforfiveyears.A.havecometoB.havebeeninC.havebeentoD.hasgoneto答案：B解析：forfiveyears表示一段時(shí)間，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，come是短暫性動(dòng)詞，beenin表示“在某地待了一段時(shí)間”，TheGreens表示“格林一家人”，是復(fù)數(shù)，用havebeenin。66.Howlong________you________thisbook?A.have;boughtB.did;buyC.have;hadD.did;have答案：C解析：howlong提問(wèn)要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，buy是短暫性動(dòng)詞，have是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去分詞是had。67.—Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?—No,notyet.Ithinkit'lltakeme________halfanhour.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theother答案：A解析：another+數(shù)詞+名詞，表示“再......，又......”，anotherhalfanhour表示“再半個(gè)小時(shí)”。68.Wehavetworooms________,butIcan'tdecide________.A.tolive;tochoosewhichoneB.lived;choosewhichoneC.tolivein;whichonetochooseD.live;whichone答案：C解析：havesth.todo有某事要做，live是不及物動(dòng)詞，接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要加in；“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”作賓語(yǔ)，whichonetochoose表示“選哪一個(gè)”。69.Theoldmanisill.He________tothehospital.A.mustsendB.mustbesentC.willsendD.willbesent答案：B解析：老人是被送去醫(yī)院，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，must表示“必須”，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是be+過(guò)去分詞，所以是mustbesent。70.English________inmanycountries.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspokenD.speak答案：C解析：English與speak是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，English是不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用is。71.Theflowers________everyday.A.shouldwaterB.shouldbewateredC.shouldbewaterD.shouldwatered答案：B解析：花是被澆水，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，should后接動(dòng)詞原形，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是be+過(guò)去分詞，所以是shouldbewatered。72.—Doyouknowtheman________istalkingwithyourfather?—Yes,he'sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom答案：B解析：先行詞theman是人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞用who。73.Thebook________Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.thatB.whoC.whoseD.what答案：A解析：先行詞thebook是物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞用that或which。74.Thisisthebestfilm________Ihaveeverseen.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what答案：A解析：先行詞被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that。75.Theman________livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./答案：C解析：先行詞theman是人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞用who。76.I'llneverforgettheday________IjoinedtheLeague.A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.onthat答案：B解析：先行詞theday是時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞用when。77.Thisistheroom________welivedlastyear.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.that答案：B解析：先行詞theroom是地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞用where或inwhich。78.—Couldyoutellme________?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeeting答案：D解析：賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除A、B選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，會(huì)議是過(guò)去開(kāi)的，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。79.—Doyouknow________?—Nextyear.A.whenhecamehereB.whendidhecomehereC.whenhewillcomehereD.whenwillhecomehere答案：C解析：賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除B、D選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)回答Nextyear可知是問(wèn)將來(lái)的時(shí)間，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。80.Idon'tknowifhe________tomorrow.Ifhe________,I'lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.willcome;willcomeC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcome答案：C解析：第一句中if表示“是否”，tomorrow是將來(lái)的時(shí)間，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；第二句中if表示“如果”，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。81.—________fineweatheritis!—Let'sgoforawalk.A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa答案：A解析：weather是不可數(shù)名詞，感嘆句用What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！82.—________fasttheboyisrunning!—Yes,heisagoodrunner.A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa答案：A解析：fast是副詞，感嘆句用How+副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！83.Mybrotherhas________fortwoyears.A.joinedthearmyB.beenanarmyC.becomeasoldierD.beeninthearmy答案：D解析：fortwoyears是一段時(shí)間，要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，join、become是短暫性動(dòng)詞，beinthearmy表示“在軍隊(duì)里”，是延續(xù)性的。84.Thebushasleft.Youhavetowaitforthenextone.A.fiveminutesagoB.forfiveminutesC.sincefiveminutesD.fiveminutesbefore答案：B解析：“hasleft”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，“for+時(shí)間段”用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。85.I'msorryI________myexercisebookathome.A.forgotB.leftC.missedD.lost答案：B解析：leavesth.+地點(diǎn)，表示“把某物落在某地”。86.—MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?—No,you________.Youcandoittomorrow.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't答案：B解析：Must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，否定回答用No,youneedn't.或No,youdon'thaveto.87.—MayIsmokehere?—________,you________.It'sdangerous.A.Yes;canB.No;can'tC.Yes;mayD.No;maynot答案：B解析：根據(jù)“It'sdangerous.”可知不允許抽煙，用No,youcan't.88.You________crosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightsarered.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.shouldn'tD.maynot答案：A解析：交通燈是紅燈時(shí)禁止過(guò)馬路，mustn't表示“禁止”。89.Weshouldkeepourclassroom________.A.cleaningB.cleanC.tocleanD.cleaned答案：B解析：keep+sth.+adj.表示“使某物保持某種狀態(tài)”，clean作形容詞表示“干凈的”。90.—________isthepopulationofChina?—About1.4billion.A.Ho