2024年中考英語定語從句專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)句型

2024年中考英語定語從句專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)句型

1.定義：

充當(dāng)定語作用的從句，用于限制、描繪或說明主句中某一個(gè)名詞、代詞或整個(gè)句子。

2.先行詞：

被定語從句修飾的對(duì)象稱為先行詞。

3.關(guān)系詞：

引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫作關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。

先行詞所作成分

指人指物書語賓語表語定語狀語

thatq7Vq

whichqqV

關(guān)

系whoqqV

代whomqV

詞

whoseqyl

as77q77

day,year,date,time等

whenq

關(guān)時(shí)間名詞

系

place,city,Beijing等地

副whereq

點(diǎn)名詞

詞

whyreasonq

4.分類:

按定語從句與其先行詞的關(guān)系，分為：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。限制性定

語從句與其先行詞的關(guān)系窘切，其間不用逗號(hào)隔開；非限制性定語從句與其先行詞的關(guān)系比

較松散，其間要用逗號(hào)隔開。

5.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句

關(guān)系代詞除了起連接主句和從句的作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語等

成分。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)，通常可省略。

Eg:Themanwho/thatisstandingunderthetreeisourrewEnglishteacher.（作主語）

Iboughtthisbook(which/that)Ithoughtwasinteresting.(作賓語)

Thecityisnolungerthesamedsilwas.(作表語)

Billdoesn'tlikethehousewhosewindowisbroken.(作定語)

6.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句

關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作狀語，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因等。

Eg:Istillrememberthedaywhenwemetforthefirsttime.

Theybookedthehotelwheretheystayedlastsummerholiday.

Theteacherdidn'tacceptthereasonwhyhewaslateagain.

7.非限制性定語從句

引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有as,which,who,whom,whose;關(guān)系副詞有when和

where.

Eg:Asweallknow,wa:erwillturnintoicewhenthetemperatureisbelowzero.

Mygrandpa,whoisovereighty,exerciseseveryday.

Manypeopleareusedtostayinguplate,whichisbadfortheirhealth.

Jimmyknewtheboy,whomItalkedwithjustnow.

Frankvisitedasmallfarm,wherehisfatherworkedtwentyyearsago.

8.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇

(1)從句缺少成分，則選擇關(guān)系代詞

(2)從句不缺成分，則選擇關(guān)系副詞

Eg:Theytalkedaboutthecitythesingerheldaconcert.

A.whoseB.thatC.whereD./

解析：C.從句不胡成分，因此需選擇關(guān)系副詞where.

Theytalkedabout:hecitywasfamousasatradecenter.

A.whoseB.LhdlC.whereD./

解析：B.從句缺少主語，因此需選擇關(guān)系代詞，且根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選擇that.

9.關(guān)系代詞that和which用法辨析

that和which在定語從句中都可指物，且可作主語或賓語。一般情況下，that和which

可互換使用，但在以下情況卻不可互換。

(1)用that不用which的情況:

①當(dāng)先行詞既有指人，又有指物的名詞時(shí)

Eg:LittleCindyislookingatthethingsandpeoplethatarearoundher.

Theymadealistofthemoviesandtheactorsthatwonprizes.

②.當(dāng)先行詞是some,any,all,none,everything等不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾時(shí)

Eg:Youcanborrowanybookthatyouareinterestedin.

IwanttobuyallthatIneed.

③當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞或被這類詞修飾時(shí)

Eg:ThisisthebiggestboxthatIcanfind.

④當(dāng)先行詞被thesame,theonly,thevery,thenext,thelast修飾時(shí)

Eg:Thelastpersonthatgetsherewillbepunished.

Shewastheonlystudentthatpassedtheexam.

⑤當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問代詞時(shí)

Eg:Whowasthegirlthatwaitedforthebuswithyou?

Whichofthepensthatareonthedeskisyours?

⑵用which不用that的情況：

①非限制性定語從句中

Eg:Thereissomethingwrongwiththecomputer,whichwasboughtbymyfatherfouryears

ago.

②先行詞是that時(shí)

Eg:What'sthatwhichisnexttomydictionary?

③在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)

Eg:Iforgotthedateonwhichwemet.

10.關(guān)系代詞that和who用法辨析

that和who在定語從句中都可指人，且可作主語或賓語。一般情況下，that和who可

互換使用，但在以下情況用who,不用that。

(1)先行詞是指人的不定代詞(如：one,ones,anyone,nobody,everyone等)時(shí)

Eg;HewdsIlieonewliubrokeUiewindow.

Everyonewhoreceivesaninvitationcancometotheparty.

(2)先行詞是指人的those

Eg:Thosewhoareintroubleneedsomeadvice.

(3)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中主語是指人的名詞

Eg:Thereweretwowomenwhowantedtoseeyou.

練習(xí)：

1.Thecatplayedwithyourdaughterjustnowis__.

A.which;mineB.which;myC.what;mineD.what;my

2.Everyonehasbeentomyhometownsaysitisabeautifulvillage.

A.whyB.whoseC.whoD.which

3.ThisisthemiddleschoolIstudiedtwelveyearsago.

A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which

4.Themanmakesabigdifferenceinmylifeismyfather.

A.whichB.whoC.whomD.what

5.It'sbadforhealthtohurrytomoveintoahousehasnewfurnitureinit.

A.whoB.whereC.thatD.what

6.Beingdisabledissomethingmanypeoplecan'taccept.

A.WhoB.whatC.thatD.whom

7.-Doyouknowtheoneishelpingtheoldmancrosstheroad?

-No.Buthowniceheis!

A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that

8.ThehouseChairmanMaousedtoliveisnowamuseum.

A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.there

9.YesterdayMangowenttothetownshewasborn.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that

10.I'llneverforgetthelesson__lastyear.

A.thatIlearnB.thatIlearnedC.whatIlearnD.whatIlearned

11.1lovetheuniversity__Ihavestudiedinforfouryears.

A.whereB.whenC.IhalD.who

12.-Whatareyoulookingfor?

-I'mlookingforthewatch_Iboughtyesterday.

A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.when

13.-Look!ThatisthegirlImetyesterday.

-Sheismydaughter.

A.whatB.whoC.whereD.when

14.Pleaseenterintothehousedooriswhite.

A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.what

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