2024年中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)介詞

中考語法專題復(fù)習(xí)介詞精講精練

語法知識(shí)

常用介詞用法

L表示時(shí)間的介詞

表示年、月、口、時(shí)刻等用口訣記憶如下：

at,in,ono

At時(shí)間點(diǎn)，in指月、季、年，有on必有天，特定早午晚用on來接

連。具體解析如下：

1)at用于表示時(shí)刻，Iwenttobedateleveno'clocklastnight.

固定短語：atnoonatnightatpresent

2)in用于表示一段時(shí)間多用在月份，季節(jié)，年份

如，inDecember\inspring,in1970,

固定短語：inthemorning/afternoon/evening/night

3)on用于表示某日具體到某一天，星期幾，節(jié)日等。

如，onSunday,Women'sDayisOnMarch8th

4)特定的早,午，晚(在morning,afternoon,evening,night前有修

飾詞時(shí)，用on)

如，onSundaymorning,ontheafternoonofMarch8"，onacold

night

其他表示時(shí)間的介詞：

1).before:在之前e.g.Turnoffthelightsbeforeleavingthe

room.

2).after:在???.之后e.g.Springesafterwinter.

3),by:在之前，不遲于e.g.BythetimeIgotthebusstop,thebus

hadleft.

4),Until,till:直到???.為止常用結(jié)構(gòu)：notuntil.

e.g.Ididn'tgotobeduntil10:00lasnight.

5).for:達(dá)….之久(表示過了多少時(shí)間,多用howlong提問)

e.g.Ihavehadthebikefortwoyears.

6).during:在…期間

e.g.Hewokemanytimesduringthenight.

7)since:自從….以來后多加過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

e.g.Ihavehadthebikesincetwoyearsago.

8).in+一段時(shí)間，表示過….后(未來時(shí)間，多用howsoon提問)

e.g.Howsoonwillyoueback?

Iwillebackinthreedays.

2,表示地點(diǎn)、方向的介詞

表示場(chǎng)所的介詞：at,in,on,under,below,near,by,betweenand,

among,around,round,infrontof,behind,acrossfrom,nextto

e.g.Therearemanytreesaroundthelake.

【注】表示“某地在….里”時(shí)要用in；表示“某地在另外一地某方向”

時(shí)要用on或to；如果兩地有空間距離(不接壤)時(shí)，必須用to.如，

TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.臺(tái)灣位于中國(guó)的東南部。

TaiwanistothesouthofFujian臺(tái)灣在福建的南部。

LaiwuisontheeastofTaian萊蕪在泰安的東部。

表示方向的介詞：in,into,outof,along:down,across,through,

to,towards,for,from,over,by,past

e.g.Youmustputthedirtypaperinthebasket.

【注】across和through的區(qū)別：across從的表面穿過，through從

的內(nèi)部穿過。表示游渡，乘船過海或過河時(shí)用across.如，

Theriverrunsthroughthecity.Goacrossthebidge,you'IIfindthe

park

3,表示原因的介詞短語becauseof

e.g.Becauseofherillnessmygrandmastayedinbedforaweek.

【注】because,becauseof的區(qū)別:because是連詞后接從句,如，

mygrandmastayedinbedforaweekbecauseshewasill.

4,with,in,on

3表示手段和材料等用法的介詞:with,i"by

l),with：和…在一起，帶有、具有，用某種具體工具、材料或人體器

官

Ibelieveitwithmyeyes.Heiscuttingpaperwithaknife.CanIwrite

theexampaperwitnapen

2),in：以…形式，以…方式；用…語言/聲音，表示穿衣著，用墨水、

顏料等原料等。e.g.ShekeepsadiaryinEnglish.

3)by:用手段或方式。如，Theoldmanhadtomakealivingby

sellingvegetables

在交通工具前加介詞by,但不能再有任何指示代詞或冠詞，否則要

改換相應(yīng)的介詞。

bytaxi=inataxibytrain=inatrainbybike=onabikebyship=on

ashipbyboat=inaboat

bybus=onabusbyplane=onaplanebyair空運(yùn)byland陸運(yùn)

bysea海運(yùn)onfoot

5,表示“由….制成”的介詞:of,from

1)of:表示成品看得出原材料e.g.Thetableismadeofwood.

2)from:表示成品看不出原材料e.g.Thiskindofpaperismade

fromwood.

6,beside,besides,exept

beside是"在……旁邊”,：Thestudentsstoodbesidetheirteachers.

而besides是“除……之外，不僅……而且……,除了……以外還有……",如：

IstudiedEnglishbesidesFrench,whenIwasincollege,而excep:則

是除之外(不再有)，如：IehereeverydayexceptSunday.

Everyoneelseinmyclasswasinvitedexceptme.

7.表示其他的介詞:without,like,as,against等

1)without:沒有e.g.Herushedtotheofficewithouthavinghis

breakfast.

2)like:像,如,跟—樣e.g.What*shelike?

3)as:作為e.g.Heisfamousasascientisthere.

4)against:靠著，反對(duì)e.g.Don'tstandagainstthedoor.Weare

againstbuildinganewzooinourcity.

即時(shí)訓(xùn)練

一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)訓(xùn)練：你能寫出下列含有介詞的短？

1.尋找2.照顧3渴望

4.在…查找5.翻閱，瀏覽6.穿上；上演

7舉起，張貼8拜訪；號(hào)召9打

10招來;叫來11.對(duì)…友好12.與…不同

13.害怕14.受...歡迎15.對(duì)…感興趣

16.對(duì)...驚訝17.對(duì)某人生氣18.對(duì)...感到自豪

19對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格20對(duì)某事嚴(yán)格21對(duì)…有好處

22.擅長(zhǎng)于…23.對(duì)有辦法24.對(duì)…有把握

25.由…構(gòu)成26.忙于27.裝滿了的

28.覆蓋著29.因…著名30.作為…有名

31.反對(duì)擔(dān)憂32.處于困境/危險(xiǎn)中33.對(duì)心存感激

34.渴望；渴求35.對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)任36.與某人相處（融洽）

37為…作準(zhǔn)備38.習(xí)慣于39妨礙

40.起飛，脫下41參與，參加42同意（意見、想法）

43.拾起，撿起,44.減少；砍到45切碎

46.時(shí)間流逝47.提出；想出（主意，辦法）48.放棄

49.與…交朋友50編造51.愛上（某人）

52.出發(fā)、啟程53.創(chuàng)辦、搭起54算出，解決

55保守秘密56.在……某方面干得好57.在某方面幫助某人

58.幫助解決困難/走出困境59.嘲笑60喚醒

61.向……要......,請(qǐng)求62.付……的款63.注意

64.動(dòng)身去……65.與相撞66.聽說

67.收到……來信68.分發(fā)69.拒絕

二、用適當(dāng)介詞填空完成句子。

1.一Howcanweprotectourselvestheearthquake?

—Weshouldstaycalmfirst.

2.We9llplaybasketballClass3tomorrow.

3—Aperson'slifeislikearoadlotsofdifficulties.

-Yes,soweneedpositiveenergy.

4.Mother'sDayisthesecondSundayinMayintheUnited

States.

5.Yousee,Keviniswritinghislefthand.

6.Aconversationawisepersonisworthten,years'studyof

books.

7.1sometimeshelpmymomherhousework.Saturdays.

8.Mr.Green'sofficeis.the26thfloor.Youcantakethelife

there.

9.theexam,we'llsaygoodbyetoourdearteachers,classmatesas

wellasourbeautifulschool.

10.一Whattimedoyouusuallygotoschool,Jack?

—abouthalfpastseven.

11.Theyusuallygoshoppingtheirlunchbreak.

12.一Whatwouldyoulikeyourafternoontea?

—Justacupofcoffeesomesugarandmilk.

13.一WouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothePacificHotel?

——Gothepostoffice,andyouwillfinditontheleft.

14.Meimeiisabeautifulgirlbigeyesanddarkhair.

15.0nMay10th,ahorsewasfoundrunninghappilythebusy

streetinBeijing.

16.Cambridgeisasmallcity.theeastofEngland.

17.Momalwaystellsmethatnothingcanbelearnedhardwork.

18.Someworkersinthatfactoryhavetoworknight.

19.allhispocketmoney,Danboughtapresentforhismotheron

Mother'sDay.

20.AshipfromSouthKoreasankintotheseaApril16,2014.

21.—HowsoonwillhisfatherebackfromLondon?

-aweek.

22.Now,peopleregarddrinkingteaaculturethanahabit.

23.-WhatcanIdoforyou?

—IhopeIhavean.icehouseabiggarden.

24.Gina,what'sthisEnglish?

25.—Excuseme.Iwonderifyoucanprovidemesome

informationaboutthefantasticsightshere.

一Sure.Withpleasure.

26.Don'tgotoschoolbreakfast.It'sabadhabit.

27.WhendidyoucbacktoEnshi?

theafternoonofMay1st.

28.—Excuseme.Couldyou.tellmethewaythenearest

supermarket?

一Godownthestreetandturnleft.Thenyou'11seeit.

29.ManycitiesinChina,Beijing,havebeendeeplyaffected

bydirtierair.

3().-Hurryup!ThereJsabusing!

-Whyrun?Therewillbeanotheronetwoorthreeminutes.

三、閱讀填空。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給提示，在文中的空白處填寫

一個(gè)正確的單詞。

HaveyoueverreadAndersen'sfairytaleTheUglyDuckling(丑小

鴨)？DoyouknowthathismotherlandisDenmark?It

1.(lie)innorthernEurope.Letmetellyousomething

aboutit.

YoucanfindalmostanyfastfoodinDenmark,such2.

hamburgersandhotdogs.Danishopenfacedsandwichesarenot

onlydelicious,butalsoprettyandfun.Theyareworksofart.

Tastingsomeisanexperiencethatshouldn't?.(miss)

“Lego^^toyswerecreatedinDenmark.Thetoysweremade

4.woodbefore.BuildingwithLegoshelpsstudents

learnaboutengineering,physicsandtechnologyinafunway.In

1968,the5.(one)Legolandthemeparkopenedin

Billund,Demnark.Today,thereareLegolandparksinCalifornia,

Florida,Malaysia,Dubai,Windsor,JapanandGermany.

BicyclingispopularinDenmark.NineoutoftenDaneshavea

bike.Theyridetheirbikes6.whattheweather.They

aren'tjustridingbikes7.fun.Theyusebikestogetto

work,totake8.(they)kidstoplaces,andeventocarry

goods.Today,moreandmorepeoplearechoosingbikesovercars.

Theyhave9.sayinginDenmark:"AbicycleisaDane's

bestfriend.

DenmarkiscalledthelandoffairytalesAndersen'sanother

popularfairytaleisTheLittleMermaid(美人魚).TheLittle

Mermaidstatue(周隹塑)hasbeenregardedasDenmark'smost

famouslandmark10.1913.TheDanesbelievethat

shebringsthemgoodluck.

參考答案

一、1.lookfor2.lookafter(=takecareof)3.lookforwardto

4.lookup5.lookthrough6.puton

7.putup8.callon9.callup

10.callin11.befriendly/kindto12上edifferentfrom

13.beafiaidof14.bepopularwith15.beinterestedin

16.besurprisedat17.beangrywithl8.beproudof(=takepridein)

19.bestrictwith20.bestrictin2l.begoodfor

22.begoodat23.begoodwith24,besureof/about

25.bemadeoffrom26.bebusywithsth27.befullof/filledwith

28.becoveredwith29.befamous/knownfor

30