考點1　賓語從句 中考英語語法專題探究

語法十二主從復合句第2部分語法專題探究考點精講試題精練考點1賓語從句鏈接中考考點精講在復合句中充當賓語的句子稱為賓語從句。賓語從句主要考查三要素：語序、引導詞和時態(tài)。1.賓語從句的語序賓語從句必須用陳述語序，即“引導詞＋主語＋謂語(＋其他)”?！咀⒁狻慨攚hat,who,which在賓語從句中作主語時，從句語序為“what/who/which＋謂語(＋其他)”。Ourteacheraskeduswhobrokethewindow.我們老師問我們誰打破了窗戶。2.賓語從句的引導詞引導詞用法例子that無詞義，不充當句子成分，在口語中常被省略。ButIbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyearthere.

但我認為四月是那里一年中最熱的月份。(RJ九全U2)if/whether意為“是否”，不充當句子成分，但不可以省略。Idon’tknowif/whethershe’lldancewithme.

我不知道她會不會與我共舞。引導詞用法例子疑問代詞what,which,who(2023.40),whom,whose,whoever等充當從句中的主語、賓語、表語或定語，不可以省略。Weneedtorethink①_____weeateveryday.我們需要重新思考一下我們每天吃什么。疑問副詞where(2024.40,2023.40),when(2024.40,2023.40),why,how(2024.40)等充當從句中的狀語，不可以省略。Share②_______youfeelbysaying

“I…”.通過說“我……”來分享你的感受。what

how

【注意】if和whether均可表示“是否”，引導賓語從句，一般情況下二者可以互換。但在下列情況下，只能用whether而不能用if：whether

3.賓語從句的時態(tài)(遵循三大原則)原則主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)例子需要性原則現(xiàn)在時或將來時根據(jù)實際情況使用相應的時態(tài)。Hesayshe④_________(come)backtomorrow.他說他明天回來。呼應性原則過去時使用過去的某種時態(tài)(一般過去時/過去將來時/過去進行時/過去完成時)。SheaskedmeifI⑤_______(know)whosepenitwas.她問我是否知道這支鋼筆是誰的。特殊性原則當從句表示的是客觀事實或普遍真理時，不管主句用什么時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時。Theteachertoldus(that)theearth⑥______(move)aroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉。willcome

knew

moves

4.賓語從句的簡化當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語或間接賓語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是know,remember,ask,tell,show,teach等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞＋不定式”結構。Shedoesn’tknowwhensheshouldgothere.＝Shedoesn’tknowwhen⑦______there.她不知道應該何時去那兒。togo

【注意】賓語從句的否定轉移：當主句的主語是第一人稱，且謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose等時，從句的否定詞要前移至主句。Idon’tthinktheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.我認為他們還未完成自己的工作。鏈接中考賓語從句在單項選擇中的應用(5年4考，每年0～1道)考查角度解題思路賓語從句的引導詞或句意辨析題干多采用對話形式，可根據(jù)答語推斷問句的句意，選擇符合句意的引導詞或從句。【考點突破】若選項非陳述語序，或時態(tài)不符合語境，可直接排除。(2024廣西40題單選)—Couldyoupleasetellme________？—Inmyhometown.A．howyouusuallygotoschoolB．whereyouusuallyspendyourholidayC．whenyouusuallyhavebreakfastatschool解析：根據(jù)答語“Inmyhometown.”可知，上句詢問的內容和地點有關。將各選項代入空格處，只有“whereyouusuallyspendyourholiday”符合句意。故選B。

(2023廣西40題單選)—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________？—At7o’clockintheevening.A．whentheconcertwillstartB．wherewecanbuyconcertticketsC．whowillsingsongsattheconcert解析：根據(jù)答語“At7o’clockintheevening.”可知，上句詢問的內容和時間有關。將各選項代入空格處，只有“whentheconcertwillstart”符合句意。故選A。試題精練單項選擇引導詞＋句意1.—Amy,doyouknow________？—Yes.It’sonThursday.A．whowilltakepartintheclassmeetingB．wherewe’llhaveaclassmeetingC．whenwe’llhaveaclassmeeting2.(2024福建)—Doyouknow________？—YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu,allborninthe1980s.A．howtheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢenteredspaceB．whentheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢenteredspaceC．whoenteredspaceintheShenzhouⅩⅤⅢ3.—Couldyoutellme________？—BetterthanIexpected.A．whenyoutookyourexamsB．howyourspeechwasC．whetheryouwenttotheconcert4.—Iwonder________．—Yes,ittastesreallygood.A．ifthiskindofzongziisdeliciousB．whereIcanbuythiskindofzongziC．howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi5.(2024白銀改編)—Excuseme,doyouknow________？—Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.A．whereIcanbuysomevegetablesB．howtogettothepostofficeC．whenthebandstartsplaying6.—IamcuriousaboutGuangxi’sculture.Couldyoutellme________？—GuangxiMuseumwouldbeawonderfulplace.A．whenIcantravelthereB．whichplaceIshouldgoC．howIcangotoGuangxiMuseum7.(2024臨夏州改編)—Doyouknow________？—Becausethescenery(景色)thereissofascinatingandthecultureissorich.A．whattheythinkofDunhuangB．whymanypeopletraveltoDunhuangC．wherewecanlearnaboutDunhuang8.(2024東營改編)—Doyouknow________？—20—30minutes,theexpertssuggest.A．whatweshouldeatforamealB．whyweshouldnoteatamealtooquicklyC．howlongweshouldspendeatingameal引導詞＋句意＋時態(tài)9.—Whatdidtheteachersaytoyoujustnow?—Heaskedme________．A．whoIamshoutingatB．whyIlookedangrythenC．whenIwillworkouttheproblem10.—What’syourplanfortomorrow?—Iwanttogoout.ButIdon’tknow________．A．whereIwentjustnowB．whattheweatherwillbelikeC．thattheparkisworthavisit11.—I’mnotsure________．—You’vetriedyourbest.Whatevertheresultis,don’tbetoohardonyourself.A．whenIknewtheresultofmytestB．whetherIcangethighmarksinthetestC．whyIhavetoprepareforthetest引導詞(＋句意)＋語序12.(2024樂山)—IjustwentbackfromGuangzhou.Canyouguess________？—Isupposeyoutookthehigh-speedtrain.A．howdidIgetthereB．whenIgotthereC．howIgotthere13.—Jack,Doyouknow________？Iwanttothankhimorherinperson.—No,itwasjustleftonthefrontdesk.A．wheremywalletisB．whosentmywalletbackC．howmuchmoneywasinmywallet14.(2024綏化)—Therewillbearobotonshowinourschoolnextweek.