江蘇省東臺(tái)市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省東臺(tái)市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié),滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhyisMikesounhappy?A.Hefailedoneofhisexams.B.Heisupsetaboutothers.C.Heisworriedaboutphysics.2.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Happy.B.Nervous.C.Disappointed.3.Whoisthewomanspeakingto?A.Abankclerk.B.Atourguide.C.Acustomsofficer.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Annleftheretwoyearsago.B.Thewomanhascoveredalongway.C.Themanhaslivedherefortwoyears.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydotomorrow?A.Stayathome.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Takeaninterview.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inanapartment.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotowork.B.Havedinner.C.Visitthewoman’sboss.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandworker.B.Waitressandcustomer.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.9.Whendidthemangetexperienceofdesign?A.Whenhewasatcollege.B.WhenheworkedatFashionCentral.C.Whenhestudiedcomputerprogramming.10.Whatdoesthejobinvolve?A.MovingtoFrance.B.Doingsometraveling.C.Workingatweekends.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkingout.B.Bookingaroom.C.Rentingacar.12.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforrentingthecar?A.￥200.B.￥500.C.￥600.13.Wheredidthemangolastnight?A.Toaconcert.B.Tothebeach.C.Toashoppingmall.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.Whatisthetestabout?A.Whetherclassicalmusiccanbenefitone’sintelligence.B.WhetherBeethovenhadahigherIQthancommonpeople.C.WhetherstudentsarewillingtolistentoBeethoven.15.HowmanystudentslistenedtoBeethoven’sinthetest?A.25.B.50.C.100.16.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheresults?A.Bored.B.Excited.C.Surprised.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whydidthespeakergiveuptheideaofbeingachocolatetester?A.Itisadangerousjob.B.Itishardtobeprofessional.C.Hehadtotakemoreresponsibility.18.Whatmadethespeakerwanttobecomeafootballreferee?A.Thesalary.B.Thehobby.C.Thetraining.19.WhatcanSpottybe?A.Adog.B.Astylist.C.Adoctor.20.Whydidthespeakerdecidetobecomeajournalist?A.Hewantedtoearnmuchmoney.B.Hewasgoodatgatheringinformation.C.Hewasexperiencedinresearching.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMusicFestivalsYouNeedtoAttendTomorrowland(July21--30)Tomorrowlandisknownasoneofthelargest,ifnotthelargest,EDMmusicfestivalsintheworld.LocatedatDeSchorreProvincialRecreationalParkinBoom,Belgium,thefestivalisaone-of-a-kindexperience.VisitorsaresurroundedbybeautifullycraftedstageswhilelisteningtoalloftheirfavoriteDJs.It’llbeaparty,andmostdefinitelyafuntime.Glastonbury(June22--26)Itmaybecloudyandrainyformostoftheyear,butEnglandshinesbrightwhenit’stimeforGlastonbury.Notonlydoesthisfestivalhavesomeofthebestmusicians,italsohasdanceperformances,comedy,theatrics,andmore.There’snoneedtoworryaboutbeingtoohotbecauseEnglandhasthebestsummerweatherforeventslikethis.ArtistsincludingEltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkidareallonthelineup(陣容)thisyear.OutsideLands(August11--13)WithSanFranciscoasitsbackdrop(背景幕布),OutsideLandsisalwaysapopularfestival.Therearealwayssomefamousfacesinthecrowds,andinyearspastwehaveseenVanessaHudgensandKimKardashian.Thisyear,thelineupisincrediblystrong,featuringMeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers,andsomanyothers.Mysteryland(August25--28)ThisisafestivalfortheEDMloversoutthere.TheNetherlandshostsMysterylandeachyear,bringinginallofthetopDJsandartistsfromaroundtheworld.Thefestivalisthefirstofitskindinthecountry,soit’sauniqueexperienceforeveryoneinvolved.Bringyourraveenergybecausethisfestivalisn’tforjustanyone.1.Whichmusicfestivalbeginstheearliest?A.Tomorrowland. B.Mysteryland. C.OutsideLands. D.Glastonbury.2.Whowillperformattwoofthefestivals?A.LanaDelRey. B.MeganTheeStallion. C.MaggieRogers. D.EltonJohn.3.WhatdoTomorrowlandandMysterylandhaveincommon?A.They’rebothheldonceayear.B.They’rebothattractivetoEDMlovers.C.They’reboththefirstofitskindinthecountry.D.They’reboththelargestmusicfestivalsinthecountry.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)的具體信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tomorrowland(July21--30)”及“Glastonbury(June22--26)”及“OutsideLands(August11--13)”及“Mysteryland(August25--28)”可知，四個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)分別開(kāi)始于7.21,6.22,8.11和8.25，可知，Glastonbury開(kāi)始得最早。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“ArtistsincludingEltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkidareallonthelineupthisyear.”（包括EltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkid在內(nèi)的藝術(shù)家都在今年的演出陣容中。）及第三段最后一句“Thisyear,thelineupisincrediblystrong,featuringMeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers,andsomanyothers.”（今年，陣容非常強(qiáng)大，包括MeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers和其他許多人。）可知，LanaDelRey會(huì)出席兩場(chǎng)音樂(lè)節(jié)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Tomorrowlandisknownasoneofthelargest,ifnotthelargest,EDMmusicfestivalsintheworld.”（Tomorrowland被認(rèn)為是世界上最大的EDM音樂(lè)節(jié)之一。）及第四段第一句“ThisisafestivalfortheEDMloversoutthere.”（這是EDM愛(ài)好者的節(jié)日。）可知，這兩音樂(lè)節(jié)都會(huì)吸引EDM愛(ài)好者。故選B項(xiàng)。BEverytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.Amoleculeisagroupofatoms.Itrepresentsthesmallestamountofsomechemical.Yourskiniscoveredinmoleculespickedupbyeverythingyou’vetouched.Witheachnewthingyourskincontacts,youleavebehindsomesmallshareofwhatit’dtouchedearlier.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia.SanDiego(UCSD)recentlyanalyzedsuchchemicalleftoversonthephonesof39volunteers.ThestudywasledbybiochemistAminaBouslimani.Toexplorethoseremains,theUCSDteamwipedthesurfaceofeachvolunteer’sphonewithacottonswab(藥棉簽).Thescientistsalsoswabbedeachperson’srighthand.Thentheresearcherscomparedthechemicalsfoundoneachcellphone.Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythencomparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein.aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier,whichcontainsvarioussubstances,includingspices,caffeineandmedicines.Tracesofanywherefromhundredstothousandsofdifferentmoleculesturneduponeachphone.Themoleculesreflectedwhathadbeeninthebody,andwhateachpersonhadhandledbeforetouchingthephone.Fromallthesemolecules,Bouslimanisays.“Wecouldtellifapersonislikelyfemale,useshigh-endcosmetics,dyesherhair,drinkscoffee,prefersbeeroverwineorlikesspicyfood.”P(pán)olicealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays.he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneremainstonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.4.Whatcanweconcludeabouttheuserbyanalyzingtheleftoversonthephone?A.Personality. B.Intelligence. C.Appearance. D.Lifestyle.5.Whatwasthefirstthingneededtobedoneforthestudy?A.Comparingdifferentchemicals. B.Hiringvolunteerswithcellphones.C.Buildingadatabasecontainingchemicals. D.Collectingthechemicalsfromphones.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheapplicationoftheresearchfinding?A.Uninterested. B.Disappointed. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.7.Whatshouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FingersLeaveCluesaboutYouonYourPhone.B.YourPhoneMayBeHometoVariousChemicals.C.MoleculesAreUsedtoSearchforIllegalDrugs.D.CellPhonesWillbeUsedinMoreFields.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了通過(guò)研究手機(jī)上留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，我們可以得出用戶的生活方式，手指在手機(jī)上留下關(guān)于你的線索。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指觸摸手機(jī)，都會(huì)留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。每種化學(xué)物質(zhì)都為你和你的活動(dòng)提供線索。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過(guò)分析它們，科學(xué)家們可能能夠拼湊出一個(gè)關(guān)于你最近生活的故事。）可推知，通過(guò)研究手機(jī)上的殘留物，我們可以得出用戶的生活方式。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythencomparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein,aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier.whichcontainsvarioussubstances.includingspices.caffeineandmedicines.”（科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了盡可能多的分子。然后，他們將這些數(shù)據(jù)與化學(xué)物質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行了比較。加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校的藥物化學(xué)家PieterDorrestein在幾年前幫助建立了這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，其中包含各種物質(zhì)，包括香料、咖啡因和藥物。）可推知，研究人員要做的第一件事是建立包含化學(xué)物質(zhì)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays,he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneresiduestonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.”（警方已經(jīng)使用分子分析來(lái)尋找爆炸物或非法毒品的痕跡。Dorrestein說(shuō)，到目前為止，他從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)警察利用手機(jī)殘留物來(lái)縮小搜索嫌疑人的行為線索。但偵探可能有一天會(huì)使用這些數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)追蹤在犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)留下手機(jī)的人。）可推知，作者對(duì)于研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的應(yīng)用持積極的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem,scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指觸摸手機(jī)，都會(huì)留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。每種化學(xué)物質(zhì)都為你和你的活動(dòng)提供線索。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過(guò)分析它們，科學(xué)家們可能能夠拼湊出一個(gè)關(guān)于你最近生活的故事。）可知，文章主要講的是通過(guò)研究手機(jī)上的殘留物，我們可以得到用戶的一些信息。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“手指在手機(jī)上留下關(guān)于你的線索”。故選A項(xiàng)。CIsboredomathingofthepast,likeblack-and-whitetelevision?And,ifso,isthatagoodthing?JulieRobinson,aformerteacherwhonowrepresentstheIndependentAssociationofPrepSchools,thinksthatboredomisregardedasanenemyoftoday’schildren,andtheyarelosingtheabilitytobecomethoughtfulandreflective(沉思的).“Weshouldnotfearboredom.”saidJulieRobinson.“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,”sheadded.Heropinionisthatconstant(連續(xù)不斷的)activityforachild,oftentheresultofthedreamsofparents,willleadtoconcernedandworryingadult.Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlywelcomed.Parentsnowfeelasenseoffailurewhentheyheartheirchildrencomplainaboutbeingbored.Theyseekanelectronicdevices(設(shè)備)toplaygamesatonce.Andwedidn’tfeelboredduringlongcarjourneysanymorebytheimpatient“Arewethereyet?”becauseallkindsofelectronicdeviceshavebeentakenalongtoavoidevenaminuteofboredom.Sowhatchancedochildrenhavetoallowtheirthoughtstowander?Butit’snotjustchildrenwhoneedlessonsinreflection.Adultsneedthat,too.Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.WhatJulieRobinsonregardsisacross-generationalphenomenon:thefearof“inactivity”.Andsheisright.8.JulieRobinsonthinksboredomisusefulbecauseitmakeschildren_________.A.findeffectivesolutionstosocialproblemsB.improvetheabilitytolearnknowledgeC.havetimetothinkandhavetheirimaginationdevelopedD.communicatemorewiththeirparentsandfriends9.Whichofthefollowingisseenas“inactivity”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Sendingemailsonatrain.B.Playinggameswithfriends.C.Planningconstantactivityforchildren.D.Lookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviews.10.Theauthormentionedthetrainjourneytoshowthat_________.A.thetriponaquiettrainwasveryboringB.theviewofthecountrysidewasbeautifulC.peoplehadtoomuchworktodoD.electronicdevicesinfluencepeople’slifegreatly11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Bothadultsandchildrenliketostayaloneandrecalltheirpastdays.B.Peoplefailtoleavetheirchildrenenoughtimetothinkandimagine.C.Electronicdevicesarealwaysgoodforbothchildrenandadults.D.Parentsshouldtelltheirchildrenhowtouseamobilephone.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了現(xiàn)在人們都使用手機(jī)等電子產(chǎn)品來(lái)避免無(wú)聊，而作者認(rèn)為無(wú)聊的存在是有其意義的——可以讓孩子們?cè)跓o(wú)聊中對(duì)一些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行思考。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中JulieRobinson說(shuō)的話“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,(無(wú)聊對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)是有價(jià)值的。安靜、沉思的時(shí)間和有目的的活動(dòng)一樣重要)”和第三段中“Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlywelcomed.(傳統(tǒng)觀念認(rèn)為孩子應(yīng)該不斷活躍，這會(huì)阻礙他們想象力的發(fā)展。因此，任何能夠提高更深思熟慮的事情都會(huì)受到熱烈歡迎。)”可知，JulieRobinson認(rèn)為無(wú)聊是有用的，因?yàn)樗茏尯⒆觽冇袝r(shí)間思考，且發(fā)展他們的想象力。故選C。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.

Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.WhatJulieRobinsonregardsisacross-generationalphenomenon(現(xiàn)象):thefearof“inactivity”.(今天早上在去上班的火車(chē)上，我看不到一個(gè)人不使用電子設(shè)備。沒(méi)有人只是簡(jiǎn)單地向窗外看縣城的美景。沒(méi)有時(shí)間安靜的思考，即使在安靜的圖書(shū)館。有郵件要發(fā)，有短信要讀，有游戲要玩。更廣闊的世界，似乎并不存在。手機(jī)已經(jīng)改變了我們生活中的許多事情，并且已經(jīng)使成年人和兒童都無(wú)法生活在當(dāng)下。朱莉·羅賓遜認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)跨代現(xiàn)象：對(duì)“不活躍”的恐懼。)”可知，“不活躍”現(xiàn)象指的是人們安靜的這種狀態(tài)，即上文提到的無(wú)聊現(xiàn)象，如今人們害怕無(wú)聊，所以會(huì)經(jīng)?？词謾C(jī)，或者不間斷的做一些打發(fā)無(wú)聊的事情。由此可推知，D項(xiàng)“望著窗外美麗的景色”被認(rèn)為是一種“不活躍”現(xiàn)象。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.(今天早上在去上班的火車(chē)上，我看不到一個(gè)人不使用電子設(shè)備。沒(méi)有人只是簡(jiǎn)單地向窗外看縣城的美景。沒(méi)有時(shí)間安靜的思考，即使在安靜的圖書(shū)館。有郵件要發(fā)，有短信要讀，有游戲要玩。更廣闊的世界，似乎并不存在。手機(jī)已經(jīng)改變了我們生活中的許多事情，并且已經(jīng)使成年人和兒童都無(wú)法生活在當(dāng)下。)”可推知，作者提到了火車(chē)旅行，是為了表明電子設(shè)備對(duì)人們的生活影響很大。故選D。【11題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,(無(wú)聊對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)是有價(jià)值的。安靜、沉思的時(shí)間和有目的的活動(dòng)一樣重要)”和第四段中“Parentsnowfeelasenseoffailurewhentheyheartheirchildrencomplainaboutbeingbored.Theyseekanelectronicdevices(設(shè)備)toplaygamesatonce.Andwedidn’tfeelboredduringlongcarjourneysanymorebytheimpatient“Arewethereyet?”becauseallkindsofelectronicdeviceshavebeentakenalongtoavoidevenaminuteofboredom.(現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)父母聽(tīng)到孩子抱怨無(wú)聊時(shí)，他們會(huì)感到一種失敗感。他們尋找一種可以立即玩游戲的電子設(shè)備。在長(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)旅行中，我們?cè)僖膊粫?huì)因?yàn)椴荒蜔┑貑?wèn)“我們到了嗎？”而感到無(wú)聊，因?yàn)楦鞣N各樣的電子設(shè)備已經(jīng)隨身攜帶，以避免哪怕是一分鐘的無(wú)聊。)”可知，人們沒(méi)有給他們的孩子足夠的時(shí)間去思考和想象。故選B。DThisyear,peoplearoundtheworldarelininguptobuyelectricvehiclesevenaspricesincrease.Electricvehicle,EV,demandhasstayedstrongevenastheaveragecostoflithiumion(鋰離子)batterycellsincreasedtoanestimated$160perkilowatt-hourinthefirstquarterfrom$105lastyear.Costsroseduetosupplyissues,restrictionsonRussianmetalsandinvestorspeculation(投機(jī)).ForasmallervehicleliketheHongguangMini,thebest-sellingEVinChina,thehigherbatterycostsaddedalmost$1,500,equalto30percentofthelistedprice.ButgasolineanddieselfuelcostshavealsoincreasedsincetheconflictbetweenRussiaandUkraine,andexpertsnotedthatenvironmentalconcernsarealsopushingmorebuyerstochooseEVs.ManufacturersfromTeslatoSAIC-GM-Wuling,whichmakestheHongguangMini,havepassedhighercostsontoconsumerswithpriceincreasesforEVs.Moremaybecoming.AndyPalmer,chairmanofSlovakEVbatterymakerInoBat,said,“risingcostswillhavetobepassedontocarmakers.”ButEVshoppershavesofarnotsloweddown.WorldwideEVsalesinthefirstquarterjumpednearly120percent,saidthewebsiteEV-.VenkatSrinivasanisdirectoroftheCenterforCollaborativeEnergyStorageScienceattheU.S.government’sArgonneNationalLaboratoryinChicago.Hesaid,“moreandmorepeoplewouldbuyEVsdespitethecostofthebatteryandthevehicle.”Thisincreaseinbatterycostscouldbeanunusualshort-termchangeinasituationinwhichimprovingtechnologyandgrowingproductionhavepushedcostsdownforalmost30years.Industrydatashowedthatthe$105perkilowatthouraveragecostin2021wasdownnearly99percentfromover$7,500in1991.Expertssaybatterycostscouldstayhighforthenextyearorso,butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.“It’slikeabubble(泡沫)andforthatbubbletosettledown,it’sgoingtobeatleasttheendof2023,”saidPrabhakarPatil,aformerLGChemexecutive.Theindustryhaslongbeenawaitingthebatterycellcostof$100perkilowatt-hour,asasignalEVswerereachingasimilarcosttofossil-fuelvehicles.Butwithgasolinepriceshighandconsumerpreferenceschanging,suchcostconsiderationsmaynolongermatterasmuch,expertssay.12.WhydoestheauthormentionHongguangMini?A.Topresentafact. B.Togiveanexample. C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Tomakeanassumption.13.Whatwillpossiblyleadtothedropinbatterycostsinthefuture?A.MoreEVshops. B.Productiongrowth. C.Sufficientsupplies. D.Technologyimprovement.14.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprospectofEVs?A.Promising. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Confusing.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.AtpresentdemandsforEVsbeatsupply. B.Peopleconcernpricemorewhenbuyingcars.C.EVssellmuchbetterthanfossil-fuelvehicles. D.PeoplepreferEVmainlybecauseofconflict.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。講述的是由于俄羅斯和烏克蘭沖突以及環(huán)保問(wèn)題，汽油和柴油的價(jià)格有所上漲，越來(lái)越多人選擇電動(dòng)汽車(chē)。隨著電動(dòng)汽車(chē)電池成本的增加，電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的價(jià)格也是水漲船高，即便如此，世界各地的人們?nèi)栽谂抨?duì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ForasmallervehicleliketheHongguangMini,thebest-sellingEVinChina,thehigherbatterycostsaddedalmost$1,500,equalto30percentofthelistedprice.”（對(duì)于中國(guó)最暢銷(xiāo)的電動(dòng)汽車(chē)——紅光Mini這樣的小型汽車(chē)來(lái)說(shuō)，更高的電池成本增加了近1500美元，相當(dāng)于標(biāo)價(jià)的30%。）可知，此處是承接文章第一段中的“Electricvehicle,EV,demandhasstayedstrongevenastheaveragecostoflithiumion(鋰離子)batterycellsincreasedtoanestimated$160perkilowatt-hourinthefirstquarterfrom$105lastyear.”（盡管第一季度鋰離子電池的平均成本從去年的105美元/千瓦時(shí)上升到160美元/千瓦時(shí)，電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的需求仍然強(qiáng)勁。）中的客觀事實(shí)，故文中第二段提到theHongguangMini是舉例子來(lái)說(shuō)明鋰離子電子電池成本上升的事實(shí)。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Expertssaybatterycostscouldstayhighforthenextyearorso,butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.”（專家表示，電池成本可能在未來(lái)一年左右保持在高位，但隨后可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)另一次大幅下降，因?yàn)槠?chē)制造商和供應(yīng)商的大筆投資將電池從短缺轉(zhuǎn)為過(guò)剩。）可知，在未來(lái)導(dǎo)致電池成本價(jià)格降低的原因是汽車(chē)制造商和供應(yīng)商的大筆投資將電池從短缺轉(zhuǎn)為過(guò)剩。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butwithgasolinepriceshighandconsumerpreferenceschanging,suchcostconsiderationsmaynolongermatterasmuch,expertssay.”（但專家說(shuō)，隨著汽油價(jià)格高企和消費(fèi)者偏好的改變，這種成本考慮可能不再那么重要。）可知，這是專家的觀點(diǎn)，作者在文中并未提及未來(lái)電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的前景，關(guān)于電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的論述都是以客觀的態(tài)度來(lái)陳述。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisyear,peoplearoundtheworldarelininguptobuyelectricvehiclesevenaspricesincrease.”（今年，盡管電動(dòng)汽車(chē)價(jià)格上漲，但世界各地的人們?nèi)栽谂抨?duì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)。）以及倒數(shù)第二段中“butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.”（但隨著汽車(chē)制造商和供應(yīng)商的大筆投資將供需平衡從短缺轉(zhuǎn)為過(guò)剩，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)另一次大幅下降。）可知，當(dāng)下對(duì)電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的供需是短缺狀態(tài)。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HandmadeCardfromMetoYouWhenIwas9yearsold,Ireceivedmyfirsthandmadecardfromaclassmate,whohadjustmovedtoNewJersey.Ihelpedhiminhishardtimeadjustingto(適應(yīng))hisnewschool.Sohemademeacard.Itwasafoldedpieceofpaperfromhisnotebook,withapictureofushe’ddrawnonthefront.Therewereonlyafewsentencesinside.___16___Specialhandwrittencardstaketimeandefforttomakeandfeelverypersonal.Likephotographs,cardscanbestoredandlookedbackon.Youcanmakeyourownuniquecardwithsuppliesyouhaveathome.What’smostimportantisthemessageyouwriteinside.___17___Butgettingahandwrittencardorlettercanmakesomeonewhoneedsitfeelappreciated."Thefirststepistothinkofapersonforwhomyou’dliketomakeacard.___18___Therearemanytypes:Thank-youcards,congratulationcards,holidaycards,andI’m-sorrycardswhicharejustafew.___19___Abigtripforwritingacardtokeepthepersonyou’remakingitforinmindwhileyouwork.Youcanaskyourselfsomequestionswhilewriting:Whatareyourfavoritememoriesofthatperson?Whatdoyouappreciatemostabouthimorher?Yourwordscanbeassweetorasfunnyasyouwant.Ifthey’repersonal,themessagewillbespecial.Last,signyournameatthebottom.___20___Therecipientlikemewillkeepthecardtorereadsometimefarinthefuture.A.Don’tforgettoincludethedate.B.Oryoucanbuyacardfromastore.C.Nowit’stimetogatheryourthoughts.D.Thisistheeasiestbutleastrewardingpart.E.Butthosewordsmeantalottomeatthetime.F.Itcanbehardtoputyourfeelingsintowords.G.Next,thinkaboutwhatkindofcardyou’dliketomake.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了手作卡片的重要性和制作步驟?！?6題詳析】前文說(shuō)“里面只有幾個(gè)句子”，后文說(shuō)“但是這些話對(duì)我意義重大”，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。thosewords對(duì)應(yīng)前文中的“afewsentences”，only和轉(zhuǎn)折詞but呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】后文講“但是得到一封手寫(xiě)的卡片或信能讓需要的人感到感激”，和F項(xiàng)“把感情寫(xiě)進(jìn)文字里可能很難”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。putyourfeelingsintowords對(duì)應(yīng)ahandwrittencardorletter。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)Thefirststep可知，此處是講寫(xiě)卡片的步驟。根據(jù)后文“Therearemanytypes:Thank-youcards,congratulationcards,holidaycards,andI’m-sorrycardswhicharejustafew.”賀卡有很多種:感謝卡、祝賀卡、節(jié)日卡和抱歉卡，抱歉卡也有幾種。描述了很多卡片的種類，對(duì)應(yīng)G項(xiàng)中的thinkaboutwhatkindofcardyou’dliketomake。故G選項(xiàng)“接下來(lái)，考慮一下你想做什么樣的卡片”切題。故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)“Youcanaskyourselfsomequestionswhilewriting”可知，此段是講在寫(xiě)卡片時(shí)要思考一些問(wèn)題，對(duì)應(yīng)C項(xiàng)中的gatheryourthoughts，故C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候整理一下你的思緒了”切題。故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)“signyournameatthebottom”可知，此處是講寫(xiě)卡片最后的署名和日期，對(duì)應(yīng)A項(xiàng)中的date，故A選項(xiàng)“別忘了寫(xiě)上日期”切題。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AftercompletingmyPh.D.inGermany,Iappliedforajobataconsultingcompany.Ispentmonthsmaking___21___beforegettingaphonecallfromthecompany.“Unluckily,wedecidedto___22___thejobtosomeoneelse,”thevoicesaid.Butthe___23___wasn’tover.“Wouldyouliketohearfeedback(反饋)fromus?”HewentontotellmeIhadn’tclearlystatedmy___24___forapplyingfortheposition.Iquicklyrealizedhewasright.Iwasn’t___25___aboutwhatIappliedfor.Ididn’tfeel___26___aboutthejobattheconsultingcompany,andthatclearly___27___intheinterview.Fromthenon,Idecidedto___28___judgeeachjobopeningtomakesureittruly___29___myinterest.Inmyapplications,IstatedmoreclearlywhyIwantedthat___30___job.Soonmyeffortstartedto___31___,asIgotanofferIwasexcitedabout.Afewyearslater,Ifoundmyselfontheothersideoftheinterview___32___.IwasinterviewingpeopleforthefirstPh.D.positioninmylab.Iwasparticularlylookingforwardtotalkingwithonecandidate;hisapplicationlooked___33___,buttheinterviewwentbadly,whichmademewonderwhetherhewastrulyinterestedinworkingwithme.Icalledand___34___wherehecouldimproveinfutureinterviews,forwhichhewasgrateful.I’ve___35___severalinterviewsinmylab,andalwaysencouragethemtoaskforfeedbackattheendoftheinterview.21.A.description B.communication C.preparations D.solutions22.A.recommend B.deliver C.rent D.offer23.A.conversation B.competition C.trade D.activity24.A.excuse B.strategy C.purpose D.schedule25.A.confused B.clear C.responsible D.powerful26.A.empty B.graceful C.sorry D.crazy27.A.showed B.improved C.cracked D.remained28.A.obviously B.carefully C.nearly D.probably29.A.protect B.record C.require D.suit30.A.tiring B.amazing C.specific D.simple31.A.payoff B.giveoff C.carryout D.holdout32.A.building B.table C.legend D.rescue33.A.alive B.believable C.impressive D.confident34.A.contacted B.checked C.revised D.mentioned35.A.hosted B.exchanged C.survived D.summarized【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者某次求職失敗，對(duì)方告訴作者的反饋是因?yàn)樽髡邲](méi)有清楚地說(shuō)明申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位的目的，即對(duì)這份工作不感興趣。于是從此作者開(kāi)始仔細(xì)判斷每一個(gè)工作空缺，以確保它真正符合自己興趣?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接到公司的電話之前，我花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備。A.description描述；B.communication交流；C.preparations準(zhǔn)備；D.solutions解決方案。根據(jù)上文“AftercompletingmyPh.D.inGermany,Iappliedforajobataconsultingcompany.(在德國(guó)讀完博士學(xué)位后，我申請(qǐng)了一家咨詢公司的工作。)”可知，此處指為申請(qǐng)工作做準(zhǔn)備。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我們決定把這份工作給別人，”一個(gè)聲音說(shuō)。A.recommend推薦；B.deliver遞送；C.rent租給；D.offer提供。根據(jù)后文“thejobtosomeoneelse”可知，這份工作提供給了別人。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但談話并沒(méi)有結(jié)束。A.conversation對(duì)話；B.competition比賽；C.trade交易；D.activity活動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“Wouldyouliketohearfeedbackfromus?(你想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)我們的反饋嗎？)”可知，告知結(jié)果以后對(duì)話并沒(méi)有結(jié)束。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他接著告訴我，我沒(méi)有清楚地說(shuō)明我申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位的目的。A.excuse借口；B.strategy策略；C.purpose目的；D.schedule安排。根據(jù)后文提到作者不清楚自己申請(qǐng)的是什么工作，即沒(méi)有清楚說(shuō)明申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位的目的。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不清楚我申請(qǐng)的是什么。A.confused困惑的；B.clear清楚的；C.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；D.powerful強(qiáng)大的。呼應(yīng)上文“Ihadn’tclearlystatedmy”指作者不清楚自己申請(qǐng)的是什么工作。故選B。【26題詳析】考