高二第六模塊第三單元教案

；Unit3Ahealthylife單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)技能目標(biāo)SkillGoalsTalkabouthealthLearntheharmofsmokingandhowtostopsmokingLearntoadvisepeopleaboutwhattodoandwhatnottodoLearnaboutAIDSandhowtokeepsafefromHIVWritealettertogiveadviceonsomeproblems二．語(yǔ)言目標(biāo)(1)詞匯Wordsstress,manage,quit,weaken,kissExpressionsdueto,addictedto…,accustomedto,decideon,inspiteof,feellikedoing,takerisks,atrisk,getinto,standfor(2)語(yǔ)法Theuseofit(3)重點(diǎn)句子PatternsItmayhelpyoutostop.It’samazingthat…I’mstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.Bytheway,didyouknowtherearethreedifferentwaysyoucanbecomeaddicted?ButIdidfinallymanage.Iknewitwastimetoquitsmoking.二．分課時(shí)教案Thefirstperiod:wordsandexpressionsTeachingaims:Getthestudentstolearnnewwordsandexpressionsintheunit.Difficulties:enabletheSspronouncewordscorrectlyandmasterthebasicusageofkeywords.Step1:Playthetapeforthestudents.Getthemtoreadafterthetape.Step2:Explanation..1.Abusen.濫用,惡習(xí)

v.濫用,辱罵,虐待詞形變化:名詞:abuse弊病，濫用abusive罵人的，濫用的同義詞：mistreat,maltreat,ill-use,step,ill-treat例句與用法:Sheattackedhimwithastream/torrentofabuse.她用連珠炮似的謾罵來(lái)攻擊他。Theboy'sbreakingofwindowglassescausedahailofabuse.這個(gè)男孩打碎了窗戶玻璃，招致了一陣惡罵。Thegovernmenthassetupaworkingpartytolookintotheproblemofdrug/alcoholabuse.政府已成立工作組調(diào)查濫用毒品/酗酒問(wèn)題.It'seasytoabuseone'spower.人容易濫用權(quán)力。abuseone'strust/confidence背信棄義2.stressn.緊張,壓力n.負(fù)載v.強(qiáng)調(diào),著重vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)同義詞：emphasis，focus，emphasize例句與用法:Highwindsput/laygreatstressonthestructure.大風(fēng)作用於該建筑物上而產(chǎn)生巨大的應(yīng)力。Helaidparticularstressontheneedofdiscipline.他特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了紀(jì)律的重要性。ImuststressthatwhatIsayisconfidential.我要強(qiáng)調(diào)我說(shuō)的話是保密的。Ican'tbearthestressesandstrainsofmodernlife.我不能忍受現(xiàn)代生活的壓力和緊張。4.Weledahardlifeintimesofstress.在困難時(shí)期我們過(guò)著艱苦的生活。5.Helivesunderthestressofpoverty/fear/excitement.他生活窘迫。3.bann.禁令v.禁止vt.禁止,取締詞形變化:動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式:banned過(guò)去分詞:banned現(xiàn)在分詞:banning名詞復(fù)數(shù):bani同義詞：banning,forbiddance,forbidding例句與用法:Abanontheimportationofdrugshadbeenissuedrecently.最近已經(jīng)發(fā)布了禁止進(jìn)口毒品的法令。Thereisabanonsmokinginthetheatre.這劇院內(nèi)禁止吸煙。Thepeopleaskforaban-the-bomb.政府已經(jīng)禁止使用化學(xué)武器人門要求禁止使用核武器。Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.5.Hewasbannedfromattendingthemeeting.他被禁止出席該會(huì)議。bansbfromdoingsth.4.tougha.強(qiáng)硬的,艱苦的,棘手的,嚴(yán)厲的詞形變化:名詞:toughness副詞:toughly形容詞比較級(jí):tougher最高級(jí):toughest同義詞：rugged,hard例句與用法:1.Thecompanyfacestoughcompetition.這家公司面臨著艱難的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。2.Wewonthecontractbutonlythroughalotoftoughnegotiating.我們贏得了合同，但是卻經(jīng)過(guò)了多次不屈不撓的談判才達(dá)到目的。5.withdrawaln.撤退,退回,取消同義詞：backdown,climb-down例句與用法:Thepresidenthuggedhimselfwithpleasureoverthequickwithdrawalfromthegulfwar.總統(tǒng)為自己能從海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中見(jiàn)好就收感到暗自慶幸。2.Heorderedustocovertheothercomrades'withdrawal.他下令讓我們掩護(hù)其他同志撤退。3.Thecommitteedecidedtomakeawithdrawaloffinancialsupportforhisscheme.委員會(huì)決定取消對(duì)他那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的資助。4.Hehasmadeseveralwithdrawalsfromhisaccountrecently。最近他已經(jīng)好幾次從銀行提取現(xiàn)款。6.automaticn.自動(dòng)的機(jī)器a.自動(dòng)的,無(wú)意識(shí)的詞形變化:名詞:automaticity副詞:automatically同義詞：automatonlike,machinelike,robotlike,reflex,reflexive1.Theheatingsystemhasanautomatictemperaturecontrol.這個(gè)暖氣系統(tǒng)有自動(dòng)化的溫度調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)。2.Wegetanautomaticincreaseinpayeveryyear.我們的薪金每年會(huì)自動(dòng)增長(zhǎng)。4.Breathingisautomatic.呼吸是無(wú)意識(shí)的。7.mentala.精神的,腦力的詞形變化:副詞:mentally例句與用法:1.Hewascertifiedandsenttoamentalhospital/home/institution.他經(jīng)診斷為精神失常而送往精神病院.2.Physicaldisabilitycausesmentalanguish.生理傷殘會(huì)引起心理苦悶.3.Hisproblemismental,notphysical.他的問(wèn)題是心理的而不是身體的。4.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoourmentalhealth.我們應(yīng)該更注重心理健康。5.Hewillgomentalifhefindsout.如果他發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)發(fā)瘋的。8.effectn.結(jié)果,影響,效果v.招致,引起,完成詞形變化:形容詞:effective動(dòng)詞affect同義詞：consequence,outcome,result例句與用法:Someancientlawsarestillineffect.有些古時(shí)的法律現(xiàn)在仍然有效。2.Theroomshowsoffherpaintingstogoodeffect.這個(gè)房間把她繪畫的優(yōu)點(diǎn)充分顯示出來(lái)。3.Theaspirinssoontookeffect.服下的阿司匹林藥片很快見(jiàn)效了。4.Theadvertisingcampaigndidn'thavemucheffectonsales.這些廣告攻勢(shì)對(duì)銷售額并沒(méi)有起到多大作用。9.abnormala.反常的,不正常的,不規(guī)則的,畸形的詞形變化:副詞:abnormally近義詞unusual例句與用法:Atonetime,sheisfine,butatanother,sheisabnormal.有時(shí)候，她表現(xiàn)得很好，有時(shí)候又失常。Heismentallyabnormal.他精神不正常。It'sabnormalfortheboytoeatsomuch.這個(gè)孩子吃這么多是不正常的。Theweatherisabnormalthisyear.今年的氣候不正常。10.breathlessa.喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)的詞形變化:名詞:breathlessness副詞:breathlessly同義詞：breathtaking例句與用法:Imethiminahotandbreathlessafternoon.我是在一個(gè)又悶又熱的下午遇到他的。IwascompletelybreathlesswhenIgottothetopofthemountain.當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂上時(shí)，我已經(jīng)上氣不接下氣了。11.unfita.不合適的,不健康的v.不適合，詞形變化:動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式:unfitted過(guò)去分詞:unfitted現(xiàn)在分詞:unfitting第三人稱單數(shù):unfits名詞:unfitness副詞:unfitly同義詞：bad,unsound例句與用法:You'reveryunfit;yououghttotakeuprunning.你身體很弱,應(yīng)該練練跑步.Acyclingholidaywouldbetoomuchforanunfitpersonlikeme.像我這種身體，騎自行車度假力不從心。3.Thishouseisunfitforhumanhabitation.這所房子不適合人居住。4.Shewasunfitforsuchaseniorposition.她不能勝任這樣的高級(jí)職位。5.Thewaterisunfitfordrinking/todrink.這水不宜飲用。6.Thearmyrejectedhimasmedicallyunfit.由于體檢不合格，部隊(duì)未接收他。7.Abadattackoflumbagounfittedhimforworkinthegarden.風(fēng)濕痛的發(fā)作使他無(wú)法做園子的工作。12strengthenvt.vi加強(qiáng),變堅(jiān)固詞形變化:名詞:strength同義詞：beefup,fortify例句與用法:Hehasbeenbroughtintostrengthenthedefence.已請(qǐng)他來(lái)加強(qiáng)后衛(wèi)力量.Thecurrentstrengthenedaswemoveddowntheriver.我們順流而下時(shí),水流更急了.Thesoldiersstrengthenedtheirdefenses.士兵們加強(qiáng)了他們的防御工事。Thewindstrengthenedduringthenight.風(fēng)在夜間刮得更猛了.13.desperatea.不顧一切的,絕望的詞形變化:名詞:desperateness副詞:desperately同義詞：despairing,hopeless,indespair例句與用法:Ifforeignaiddriesupthesituationwillbedesperate.倘若外援枯竭，形勢(shì)將極為嚴(yán)重。He'sdesperateforaglassofwater.他極想喝一杯水。Hewasriflingthroughherdeskinadesperatesearchfortheletter.他拼命在她的書(shū)桌里搜尋那封信。5.Thedesperatelookofhunger;adesperatecryforhelp.饑餓者臉上絕望的樣子/絕望的呼救聲14.disappointeda.失望的詞形變化:副詞:disappointedlyvt.disappoint同義詞：defeated,frustrated,例句與用法:1.Iwasmoredisappointedthandiscouraged.我是失望，而不是泄氣。2.I'mverydisappointedinyou.你真讓我失望。3.IamdisappointedthatIdidn'tgetaninvitation.我很失望沒(méi)受到邀請(qǐng)。4.Wearedisappointedtosee/find/hearthemuseumclosed.發(fā)現(xiàn)博物館關(guān)門了，我們很失望5.IfyouwereexpectingourlifeinthecountrytobetheNewJerusalem,you'regoingtobeverydisappointedwith/at/aboutit.如果你期望我們?cè)卩l(xiāng)下的生活會(huì)像天堂那樣美麗，那你是會(huì)非常失望的。動(dòng)詞disappoint:Theresultdisappointedhim.同義詞：disappoint,letdown15.illegala.不合法的,非法的。詞形變化:副詞:illegally反義詞legal,lawful例句與用法:1.It'sillegaltocarrygunsinourcountry.在我們國(guó)家，攜帶槍支是違法的。2.It'sillegaltoreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.未經(jīng)允許看別人的私人信件是不合法的。3.It'sillegaltokillapanda.殺害熊貓是犯法的。4.Headmittedthathewasanillegalimmigrant.他承認(rèn)他是非法移民。16.judgement/judgmentn.判斷v.judge裁判n.judgmentala.挑剔的，挨批評(píng)人的例句與用法:1.Thedisasterwasseenasajudgementfromonhigh.這一災(zāi)難被視為上天的懲罰.2.At20yearsofagethewillreigns;at30thewit;at40thejudgement.20歲我們按意愿做事；30歲我們憑智慧做事；40歲我們靠判斷做事。3.WearewaitingforGod'sdreadfuljudgement.我們?cè)诘却系哿钊松返膶徟小?.Inmyjudgement,weshouldaccepttheirapology.依我看，我們應(yīng)該接受他們的道歉。5.Hepassedjudgementontheguiltyman.他對(duì)那個(gè)罪犯做出了裁決。Passjudgement做出評(píng)論judgingby/from依據(jù)...來(lái)判斷sitinjudgmentoversb.批評(píng)某人（尤指不公正地批評(píng)）17.embarrasseda.尷尬的,局促不安的vtembarrass使尷尬a.embarrassingn.embarrassment同義詞：abashed,chagrined,discomfited例句與用法:1.Shewasembarrassedwhentheyaskedherage.他們問(wèn)她的年齡時(shí)，她窘得很。2.Hewasembarrassedbymanydebts.他被很多債務(wù)弄得焦灼不安。.3.Itwasanembarrassingsituation,butMrSmithcarrieditoffwell.這是一個(gè)尷尬的處境，但是史密斯先生成功地應(yīng)付過(guò)去了。4.Shefeltembarrassedaboutchangingclothesinfrontofothers.18.awkwarda.笨拙的,尷尬的，固執(zhí)的，不方便的，難相處的詞形變化:名詞:awkwardness副詞:awkwardly同義詞：embarrassing,sticky,unenviableuneasy例句與用法:Theheavyaxwasawkwardtouse.這把重斧頭不好用。Shecouldmakethingsawkwardifshewantedto.如果她想那樣做，會(huì)使事情很難辦。AttheformalpartyIfeltveryawkwardandoutofplace.在正式的舞會(huì)上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。4.Iwishyou'dstopbeingsoawkwardabouteverything.我希望你不要再處處與人為難。Step3:HomeworkPre-viewtheReading:Advicefromgrandad,getamainideaofthispassageandmasterthenewwords.Notesafterclass:Thesecondperiod:ReadingWarmingupandreadingTeachingaims:enableSstogetsomeinformationabouthealthylife.Teachingdifficulties:TraintheSs'readingability.Step1.WarmingupThisstepistoleadthestudentstothetopicofthisunit――Ahealthylife（1）Questions:1.Whathealthissuesdoyouthinkconcernyoungpeoplethemost?(Afterabout3minutes)Asamplelist:CigarettesmokingDrinkingalcoholDrugtakingDietPhysicalfitnessSexualhealthStressAIDSandinfectionsCancerAnxietyandsoon2.What’sahealthylife?(Afterdiscussion)Possibleanswers:Tobesurehealthy,apersonmustbewellinmind,bodyandspirit.(2)ShowsomepicturesonthecomputerLookatthefollowingpictures.Whataretheydoing?Whicharehealthyactivitieswhilewhichareunhealthyactivities?(Askthestudentstodescribethepicturesusingtheirownwords)Step2Pre-reading（1）Questions:1.Haveyoueversmoked?Ifyouhave,haveyouevertriedtostop?2.Whydoyouthinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?Possibleanswer:Someadolescentsstartsmokingbecausetheyarefalselyinfluencedbysomemedia.Somethinkit’scool.Maybesomewanttolightensomestress.3.Inwhatwaysissmokingharmful?Mentallyandhealthily.4.Whatadvicewouldyougivetosomeonewhenwantedtostopsmoking?Possibleanswer:Letthemgetinterestedinsomepositivehobbieslikesports,playingmusic,reading,playingchessandsoon.Wherecouldyougetgoodadviceonstoppingsmoking?(Variousanswers)Step3:askthestudentstoreadthepassageforfiveminutesthenanswerthefollowingquestions:What’sthemainideaofthepassage?Who?Towhom?Purpose?(James’grandfatherwrotetohimtogivehimsomeadviceandencouragehimtoquitsmoking.)Step4:Listentothetape.Scantogetdetailedinformation.Informationfromthereadingpassage.Differentwayspeoplecanbecomeaddictedtocigarettes 1.physicallyaddictedtonicotine2.addictedthroughhabits3.mentallyaddictedHarmfulphysicaleffectsforsmokers1.doterribledamagetoheartandlungs2.havedifficultyinbecomingpregnant3.beunfit4.smellterribleEffectsthataperson’ssmokingcanhaveonotherpeople1.otherpeopledislikethesmell2.thecigarettesmokecandoharmtonon-smokersEffectsthatsmokingcanhaveonsportingperformancebeunabletoenjoysportsStep5:Readthepassageonpage19quicklyandthenfillintheblanks.Howcanyoustopsmoking?Thispartisaboutsome(advice)fromthe(Internet.)WhatarethesuggestionstoquitsmokingthatJames’grandpafoundontheInternet?1.Prepareyourself.2.Bedetermined.3.Breakthehabit.4.Relax.5.Gethelpifyouneedit.6.Keeptrying.Step6:discussion1.WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkJames’grandfatheris?Possibleanswer:Heisfitandhealthyandleadsanactivelife.Hetakesaninterestinhisdaughter’sandgrandson’swell-being.Heisknowledgeable.Hereadstheinternet.Heappearstolovehisgrandson.2.DoyouthinktheinformationandadviceontheinternetpagethatJames’grandfathersentisusefulforsomeonewhoistryingtogiveupsmoking?Possibleanswer:It’sagoodsummarybutapersonwantingtogiveupshouldprobablylookformoreinformationthanwhatispresentedhere.Step7:Makeasummaryonhowtostopsmoking.Step8:Homework

1.Makesentenceswiththefollowingwordsandphrases:duetobeaddictedtobeaccustomedtoautomaticallymentallymanagepregnantquitdecideoneventuallySearchontheInternetorothersourcesforinformationabouthowtostopsmoking.Notesafterclass:Thethirdperiod：LearningaboutlanguageWordsandexpressionsTeachingaims:helptheSsmasterthedifficultsentencesandwords.Teachingdifficulties:dueto,beaddictedto,beaccustomedto,decideon,everytime+從句......Stepone:Explanation1.adolescent.青少年e.g.adolescentsbetween13and18andtheproblemstheyface13至18歲的青少年以及他們面臨的問(wèn)題2.dueto歸因于，歸功于。e.g.1.Theaccidentisduetoyourcarelessdriving.那意外事故歸因于你駕駛不小心。2.Herworldwidefameisduetohissupport.她名揚(yáng)四海應(yīng)歸功于他的支持。表示因果關(guān)系的詞和短語(yǔ)because從屬連詞，接從句，表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點(diǎn)as\since從屬連詞，接從句，表示理由是已知的，而理由以外才是敘述的重點(diǎn)for并列連詞，不用于句首，至于第一分句之后，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由；第一分句表示推測(cè)時(shí)，用for說(shuō)明推測(cè)的依據(jù)。becauseof介詞，意思是“因?yàn)椤保^口語(yǔ)化owingto介詞，意思是“因?yàn)椤?，較正式thanksto介詞，意思是“多虧了”asaresultof介詞，意思是“因?yàn)椤?.addicted形容詞，“對(duì)某某上癮”,“沉湎于某某”e.g.Mychildrenhavebecomehopelesslyaddictedtotelevision.我的幾個(gè)孩子都成了電視迷，簡(jiǎn)直不可救藥了。addict名詞，沉湎與不良嗜好的人，由指吸毒者。addiction名詞，沉湎、成癮addictive形容詞，使人上癮的4.accustom動(dòng)詞，使人習(xí)慣于、養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣e.g.Shefounditnecessarytoaccustomherchildtogettingupearly.她覺(jué)得有必要讓孩子養(yǎng)成早起的好習(xí)慣。常用句式（1）accustom+名詞/oneself+to+名詞e.g.Childrenarequicktoaccustomthemselvestonewsurroundings.孩子們很快就會(huì)適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。（2）beaccustomedto+名詞(同義短語(yǔ)：beusedto)e.g.Iamaccustomedtowalkinglongdistances.我習(xí)慣與長(zhǎng)距離步行。（3）get/becomeaccustomedto+名詞e.g.Youwillsoongetaccustomedtothejob.你將會(huì)習(xí)慣于這個(gè)工作。注意:在英語(yǔ)中,to有時(shí)為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào),后跟動(dòng)詞原形;有時(shí)用作介詞,后跟名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)名詞。下面的這些短語(yǔ)中的to均為介詞。stickto堅(jiān)持leadto導(dǎo)致,通向payavisitto參觀sentencesb.to宣判某人cometo談到,涉及seeto處理，負(fù)責(zé)beupto總計(jì)devote…to致力于getdownto開(kāi)始/著手5.quit動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為quit，現(xiàn)在分詞為quitting，接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，“停止做”e.g.Shequitsmokingwhenshegotpregnant.她一懷孕就戒了煙。6.inspiteof盡管、無(wú)視。后接名詞。e.g.Shecan’tseeverywellinspiteofherglasses.盡管戴著眼鏡她還是不能看得很清楚。Theboywentoutinspiteofhisfather’sorders.那男孩無(wú)視父親的命令，徑直出去了。7.結(jié)構(gòu)：as+adj.+a/an+n.+asIwishIhadaslovelyagirlasyou.Helivesassimplealifeashisfather.7.feellike想要，只表示一次的想法，后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式e.g.It’ssohottoday.Ifeellikegoingswimming.今天好熱啊。我想去游泳。8.getinto陷于，染上什么習(xí)慣getintothehabitof養(yǎng)成什么習(xí)慣。相當(dāng)于fallintothehabitof或者formthehabitofe.g.Thegirlhasgotintothehabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading.那個(gè)女孩養(yǎng)成了閱讀時(shí)玩弄頭發(fā)的習(xí)慣。短語(yǔ)聯(lián)想?getintotrouble惹上麻煩?getintodebt負(fù)債累累?getintoatemper大發(fā)脾氣?getintodeepwater陷于困境?getintoone’shead有某種看法?getintothewayof習(xí)慣于、學(xué)會(huì)9.decideon對(duì)…作出決定，決心I'vedecidedongoingtoAmericaformyholiday.10.句型：everytime+從句e.g.Every/EachtimeIcallonhim,heisbusywithwork.Learnsomerelaxingexercisesanddothemeverytimeyoufeelstressed.類似的有：thefirst/lasttime,themoment,theminute等。11.be/feelashamedofe.g.youshouldbeashamedofyourdishonesty/yourbeinglateagain.Steptwo:Nowdothequizandcheckyourself.duetobeaddictedtobeaccustomedtoautomaticashamedremindthemomentmanagequitdecideoneventually1.Afterseveralhoursthey(manage)toputoutthefireandsavethetown.2.Thenewmonitorapparatus(監(jiān)護(hù)儀)is(automatically)controlled;wedon’tneedtooperateit.3.Passengers(arereminded)thatnosmokingisallowedonthistrain.4.Slowlyshe(wasaccustomedto)asimplelifeinthecountryside.5.Althoughwehadn’tmetfortwentyyearsIrecognizedhim(themoment )sawhim.6.Disneylandisasinterestingaparkaswehaveeverseen.Everyoneofus(isaddictedto) charactersinit.7.Theteam’ssuccesswaslargely(dueto)herefforts.8.Wehaveonlyjuststarted.Wedon’tfeellike(quitting)now.9.We’ve(decidedon)Parisforournextholiday.10.Shehopestogetajobonthelocalnewspaperand(eventually)workfortheTimes.11.Didn’tyoufeel(ashamed)ofhavingliedtomymother?Stepfour:Homework

1.Masterandgoovertheuseofthewordsandphrasesabove.2.Pre-viewtheuseofitonpage21.Notesafterclass:Thefourthperiod：Learningaboutlanguage-grammarTeachingaims:Theuseof"it"Teachingdifficulties:Howtouse"it"correctly.It用法小結(jié)雖不是高考的熱點(diǎn)，但這兩年全國(guó)各省市試題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。我們不能疏忽。下面是用法20條。并通過(guò)高考試題進(jìn)行鞏固：

1.Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that

該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，可以用來(lái)替換，如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子，這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其他從句的方法。

Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.

Itwaswithgreatjoy___hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.(2004福建)

A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that(D)

2.Itisnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that

該句型譯成漢語(yǔ)“直到……才”，可以說(shuō)是的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.

Itwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.(2004湖北)

A.notuntilmidnightdidhego

B.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgo

C.notuntilmidnightthathewent

D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo(C)

3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that….

該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然、真的、肯定）”是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)。

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.

=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.

4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural…)that…

該句型和上一句同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that后的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形）should可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。

Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.

Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.

5.Itissaid(reported,learned…)that…

該句型中的it仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉……）

ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.

Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.

6.Itissuggested(ordered…)that…

該句型和上一句屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過(guò)去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求、建議、命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形）?？梢允÷裕Ｗg為“據(jù)建議；有命令……”

Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.

Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.

7.Itisapity(ashame…)that…

在該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.

這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾。

Itisapitythatheisill.

他生病了，真遺憾！

8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…

該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是：常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬，有時(shí)也用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should不能省。常譯為“是（正是）……的時(shí)候……”

Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.

=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.

9.Itisthefirst(second,…)timethat…

該句型應(yīng)和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。該句型中不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用哪種完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去；it有時(shí)用this替換，常譯為“是第一（二,…）次…”。10.Itis…since…

該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。主句中是時(shí)間作表語(yǔ)，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)和完成時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.

Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)

A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when(B)

11.Itis…when…

該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，是……”

Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.

12.Itbe…before…

該句型主句中的it指時(shí)間，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)，主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示時(shí)間段的詞和短語(yǔ)。常譯為“…之后才”，“沒(méi)過(guò)……就……”

Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.

Itwillnotbelongbeforehefinisheshisjob.

13.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that…

該句型中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句中的happen,seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。

Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.(碰巧……)

Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.(看來(lái)……)

TheForeignMinistersaid,“___ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004北京)

A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis(D)

14.Ittakessb…todosth.

該句型中的不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)，是形式主語(yǔ)，句型中的直接賓語(yǔ)是時(shí)間。常譯為“做……要花費(fèi)某人……”

IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.

15．Itisnogood(use)doingsth.

該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是nogood(notanygood),nouse(notanyuse).

ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.

16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…

該句型中的引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)，該句型譯為“不論（是否）……沒(méi)關(guān)系……

Itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheyareold.

17．Itiskind(ofsb)todosth.

該句型中的不定式短語(yǔ)是真正主語(yǔ)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由of引出，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolishgood(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教養(yǎng)的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等。這個(gè)句型可以改寫為sb.iskindtodosth.

Itiskindofyoutostayso=Youarekindtosayso.

18.Itisnecessary(forsb)todosth

該句型與上一句統(tǒng)屬一個(gè)句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由for引出的，主句的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的形容詞有：

Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape,impossible,pleasant.等。

Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.

19.Itlooks(seems)asif…

該句型中it無(wú)意義。Asif引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為：“看起來(lái)好像……”如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

Itlooksasifheisill.（真的病了）

Itlooksasifhewasill.（事實(shí)上沒(méi)有生病）

Itseemedasifhewasdying.

20.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.

該句型中的it作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為“7123結(jié)構(gòu)”

7指主句中的常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,take.

1指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it.

2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞

3指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.

XiaoLifeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.

Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.

-Doyoulike____here?

-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2004全國(guó)卷二)

A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it(D)

分析：it作形式賓語(yǔ)1．______thattherewillbeanothergoodharvestthisautumn.

A.HeissaidB.Itissaid

C.ItsaysD.Itwassaid

2.______shewasfreeonMondaymorning,

A.ThathappenedB.Itishappenedthat

C.IthappenedtoD.Ithappenedthat

3.___threeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.

A.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Itwas

4.________isgood___youtohavetakengoodcareofyourclassmates.

A.This;toB.It;forC.That;itD.It;of

5.Whatalongway____________!

A.itisBisitC.isthatD.Thisis

6.Does______matterifIamlateforthemeetingtomorrow?

A.thisB.itC.thatD.which

7.________makesmesicktothinkofthematter.

A.ThatBItC.ThisD.Which

8.Theparentswillneverforgetthat_____thedoctor__hadsavedtheirchild’slife.

A.Itis;thatB.Itwas;that

c.Thatis;whenD.Itwas;when

9._____abouthalfpastten______wegottothestation.

A.Itis;thatB.Itwas;that

C.Thatis;whenD.Itwas;when

10.Weconsider___ourdutyhelpinghim.

A.itB.thatC.whichD.That答案:1-5BDBDA6-10BBBDANotesafterclass:Thefifthperiod：UsinglanguageTeachingaims:Understandthetest.Teachingdifficulties:TraintheSs'readingability.Step1：Showsomepicturesonthecomputer.ThisstepistomakethestudentshaveageneralunderstandingofAIDSandHIV.ThendiscusswhatyouknowaboutHIV/AIDSwithyourclassmates.Step2:Listentothetapeandtalkaboutthefollowingquestions:Howmanysectionscanthispassagebedividedinto?what’sthepurposeofeachsection?Section1:(Backgroundinformation)aboutwhatthediseases.Section2:Waysto(protectyourself)Section3:Somecommon(falseunderstanding)Step3:Readthepostermorecarefully,thenanswerthequestions:1.What’savirus?Avirusisaverysmalllivingthingthatcausedisease.2.Howdoes