專題06 閱讀還原5選5-學(xué)易金卷：5年（2019-2023）中考1年模擬英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編（福建專用）（解析版）

專題06閱讀還原5選5（2023·福建·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。Sailingaboatisgreatexercise,whichcanbeenjoyedwithfamilyorfriends.Manypeopleallovertheworldsaileachyear.Withsomelessonsandpractice,youcouldbeoneofthem.1●Understandthebasics(基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)).Whenyou’restartingoutinsailing,learnthebasicsfirst.2Itworkslikeanysailboat-withsailstocatchthewindandpushtheboatforward.Thesailor,thepersonworkingtheboat,hastobeabletomovethesails,aswellasusearudder(舵)inordertodirecttheboatwheretheywantittogo.●Findsailingnearyou.Themostimportantlessonyoucanlearninsailingishowtodoitsafely,withthehelpofexperiencedsailingcoaches.3Thenaskyourparentstocallthemtofindoutwhatlessonsorcampstheyhaveforkidsinyouragegroup.●Prepareforyourlesson.Asabeginner,yourlessonwillstartonland.You’lllearnskills,likehowtoraisethesailsbypullingonthelines.4Itincludestheboatandalifevest(救生衣).Askwhattypeofshoesyoushouldwear,anddressinclothesthatwilldryeasily.●5Remembertoalwayswearyourlifevestonornearwater,evenwhenyou’reonthedock(碼頭).Don’tgonearaboatortakeoneoutunlessyourparentsagree,andneversailorswimalone.A．Staysafe.B．Here’showtogetstarted.C．Youshouldbeginonasmallboatmadeforkids.D．Thelessonshouldalsoprovidemostofwhatyouneedtosail.E．First,findsailingclubsandsearchforyouthlessonsnearyou.【答案】1．B2．C3．E4．D5．A【文章大意】本文主要介紹了如何航海的方法。1．根據(jù)“Withsomelessonsandpractice,youcouldbeoneofthem”及下文的介紹可知，此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)承上啟下的句子，來引出下文介紹開始乘船航海的方法，B選項(xiàng)“接下來就說說如何開始的方法”符合，故選B。2．根據(jù)“Itworkslikeanysailboat-withsailstocatchthewindandpushtheboatforward”可知，此處建議以某種類型的船開始，C選項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)該從為孩子們做的小船開始”符合，故選C。3．根據(jù)“Themostimportantlessonyoucanlearninsailingishowtodoitsafely,withthehelpofexperiencedsailingcoaches”可知，此處提到了去某些俱樂部學(xué)習(xí)，向里面的教練學(xué)習(xí)，E選項(xiàng)“首先，找到帆船俱樂部，在你附近尋找青年課程”符合，故選E。4．根據(jù)“Itincludestheboatandalifevest(救生衣).Askwhattypeofshoesyoushouldwear,anddressinclothesthatwilldryeasily”可知，要準(zhǔn)備好乘船旅行的東西，D選項(xiàng)“這節(jié)課還應(yīng)該提供你航行所需要的大部分東西”符合，故選D。5．根據(jù)“Remembertoalwayswearyourlifevestonornearwater…”可知，本段的建議是與“安全”有關(guān)，A選項(xiàng)“保持安全”符合，故選A。（2022·福建·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Cyclistsneedtobemorecarefulthanotherroadusers,asit’smucheasierforyoutogethurt.Rememberthatwhenyouareonacycle,youhavenoprotectionfromdangersaroundyou.6Don’tuseyourmobilephonewhilecycling.Thisisbecauseyouneedtolookoutfortheroadandothertraffic.Youshouldalwayswearahelmetasthiscancutdowntheriskofgettinghurtontheheadinanaccident.Donotchangeyourdirectionsuddenly.7Alwayslookcarefullybeforeyoustart,stoporturn.Letdriversknowyouhaveseenthem.8Ifnot,whynot?Brakesmustworkwellinallconditions:dryandwet.Arethetyresingoodconditiontomakesureofthesafetyofyourtrip?Trafficlawsapply(適用)toyouasacyclist,aswellasotherroadusers.9Itisagainstthelawforthemtotakethefollowingactions.●Jumpredlights,includinglightsatpedestrian(行人)crossings,unlessthere’sasignshowingthatcyclistsareallowedtodothis.●10●Cyclethewrongwayupaone-waystreet,unlessthere’sasignshowingthatcyclistscandoso.A．Cyclistsmustobeytrafficlaws.B．Isyourbikecheckedfromtimetotime?C．Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtokeepsafe.D．Showdriverswhatyouplantodoinplentyoftime.E．Rideacrosspedestriancrossings,unlessyouareallowedto.【答案】6．C7．D8．B9．A10．E【文章大意】本文給出了一些騎自行車如何保持安全的建議。6．根據(jù)“Don’tuseyourmobilephonewhilecycling.”；“Donotchangeyourdirectionsuddenly.”可知，此處是一些保持安全的建議。選項(xiàng)C“這里有一些關(guān)于如何保持安全的建議?！狈险Z境。故選C。7．根據(jù)“Donotchangeyourdirectionsuddenly.”以及“Alwayslookcarefullybefore,youStart,stoporturn.”可知，此處是介紹開車時(shí)的一些建議。選項(xiàng)D“向司機(jī)展示您計(jì)劃在充足的時(shí)間內(nèi)做什么?！狈险Z境。故選D。8．根據(jù)“Ifnot,whynot?Brakesmustworkwellinallconditions:”可知，此處是在說自行車檢查的一些事項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)B“您的自行車是否經(jīng)常檢查？”符合語境。故選B。9．根據(jù)“Trafficlawsapplytoyouasacyclist,aswellasotherroadusers.”可知，此處是和騎自行車者的交通法有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A“騎自行車的人必須遵守交通法規(guī)?！狈险Z境。故選A。10．根據(jù)“Itisagainstthelawforthemtotakethefollowingactions.”可知，此處是說介紹一些違反交通法的行為。選項(xiàng)E“除非允許，否則請(qǐng)穿過人行橫道。”符合語境。故選E。（2021·福建·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theonlythingbetterthanreadingagoodbookisreadingitwithothers.Inabookclub,agroupofpeoplechooseabookthateveryonewillreadseparatelyandthendiscusstogether.11It’salsoalotoffuntotalkaboutwhatyou’rereadingwithfriends.Therearenorulesofstartingabookclub.12It’sgoodtothinkaheadabouthowyou’dlikethebookclubtorunandwhenandwhereyou’llmeet.13Thinkofeighttotwelvepeoplearoundyourage.Perhapsencourageyourfriendstoinvitepeoplewhotheyknowwellbutyouhaven’tmet.Abookclubcanhelpyoumakefriends.Second,havingasubjectcanmaketheclubreceivemoreattention.Youmightwanttoreadfantasystoriesorsciencefiction(小說).14Ifyoutakeitinturnstochoosethebooksyouread,youmightdiscoversomegreatnewbooksandauthorstoo.Finally,makesureyoureadthebookbeforethemeeting.15Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Trytostartabookclubofyourown.A．First,invitesomefriendstobeyourmembersB．ReadingisnotonlysomethingyouenjoybyyourselfC．AsubjectmakesiteasiertodecidewhichbookstoreadD．AndthencometothemeetingwithquestionstodiscussE．Theplanforitmightwellchange,dependingonthegroup【答案】11．B12．E13．A14．C15．D【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章就怎樣組建讀書俱樂部提供了一些方法。11．根據(jù)后句“It’salsoalotoffuntotalkaboutwhatyou’rereadingwithfriends.”可知，空處應(yīng)是說閱讀不僅僅是自己一人喜歡的事情。選項(xiàng)B“閱讀不僅僅是你自己享受的東西”符合語境。故選B。12．根據(jù)前句“Therearenorulesofstartingabookclub.”可知，空處應(yīng)是說讀書俱樂部的計(jì)劃隨時(shí)會(huì)變化。選項(xiàng)E“計(jì)劃很可能會(huì)改變，取決于團(tuán)隊(duì)”符合語境。故選E。13．根據(jù)后句“Thinkofeighttotwelvepeoplearoundyourage.”可知，空處應(yīng)是說俱樂部的成員問題。選項(xiàng)A“首先，邀請(qǐng)一些朋友成為你的會(huì)員”符合語境。故選A。14．根據(jù)前文“Second,havingasubjectcanmaketheclubreceivemoreattention.Youmightwanttoreadfantasystoriesorsciencefiction(小說).”可知，空處應(yīng)是說先選擇主題的重要性。選項(xiàng)C“一個(gè)主題可以讓你更容易決定讀哪本書”符合語境。故選C。15．根據(jù)前句“Finally,makesureyoureadthebookbeforethemeeting.”可知，空處應(yīng)是說確定讀哪本書的原因。選項(xiàng)D“然后帶著問題來開會(huì)討論”符合語境。故選D。（2020·福建·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Youhavelotsofthingsyou'dliketodo.Butsometimesit'shardtogettothefinishline-justlikeyourgoal.Howcanyoubreakyourbadhabitsanddevelopgoodones?16Hereareafewopinionsweoftengetfromkids,followedbyideasthatmighthelp.●Ican''tgetawayfromscreens.17IfyouusuallyspendtimelyingonthesofaandwatchingTVprogramsoravideowhenyou'rebored,gosomewhereelseinstead.Takeabooktoyourroomoryourviolintothebackyard.Oraskifyoucanhelpcookinthekitchen.●18Startwith"showingup."Thentakeonesmallstepordoonetinytask,followedbyanotherandanother.Forexample,howdoIpracticethepiano?Firstsitatit.Thenplayonenoteatatime.Startingwithasuper-simplestepoftenhelps.Why?It'seasy,quick,andgetsyouinaction.19●Ihavenotime.Takealookatthechoicesyoumakeabouthowyouspendtime.Dothosechoicesshowwhat'simportanttoyou?Canyouspare10minutesadaytoworkonagoal?Let'ssupposeyouwanttobesinger.20Talkwithaparentaboutwhyyourgoalcounts.Discusswhetheryoucanletgoofsomethinglessimportanttofreeuptimetoachieveit.A．Thenkeeptakingsteps.B．Ican'tstartsuchahugegoal.C．Andhowcanyoutrytoreachyourgoals?D．Tochangeahabit,trychangingwhereyouspendyourtime.E．Isitmoreimportanttopracticesingingthanplayvideogames?【答案】16．C17．D18．B19．A20．E【文章大意】生活中我們有很多想做的事情，但有時(shí)候卻很難到達(dá)終點(diǎn)。怎樣才能改掉壞習(xí)慣，養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣呢？文章中列舉了一些學(xué)生們不好的習(xí)慣，并對(duì)如何改掉這些習(xí)慣提出了建議。16．上句話“Howcanyoubreakyourbadhabitsanddevelopgoodones?”提出問題，下句話“Hereareafewopinionsweoftengetfromkids,followedbyideasthatmighthelp.”引出文章主旨。C選項(xiàng)也提出了問題，與上面的問題銜接，符合語境。故選C。17．根據(jù)下句話“IfyouusuallyspendtimelyingonthesofaandwatchingTVprogramsoravideowhenyou'rebored,gosomewhereelseinstead.”可知，想要改掉總是躺在沙發(fā)上看電視的習(xí)慣，就去別的地方。D選項(xiàng)“要改變一種習(xí)慣，試著改變你花費(fèi)時(shí)間的地方”符合語境，故選D。18．根據(jù)下文“Startwith"showingup."Thentakeonesmallstepordoonetinytask,followedbyanotherandanother.”可知，這個(gè)是建議學(xué)生們從“到場(chǎng)”開始，然后完成一個(gè)小任務(wù)，接著再做另一件、另一件。由此可猜測(cè)，這個(gè)做法應(yīng)該是針對(duì)那些不能完成一個(gè)大目標(biāo)的學(xué)生的。故選B。19．根據(jù)語境“Startingwithasuper-simplestepoftenhelps.Why?It'seasy,quick,andgetsyouinaction.”可知，先從簡(jiǎn)單的步驟開始，接下來要繼續(xù)采取步驟，一步一步，最后才能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。A選項(xiàng)符合語境，故選A。20．根據(jù)上文“Takealookatthechoicesyoumakeabouthowyouspendtime.Dothosechoicesshowwhat'simportanttoyou?Canyouspare10minutesadaytoworkonagoal?”可知，這個(gè)建議是看看你如何支配時(shí)間，這些選擇是否表明什么對(duì)你來說是重要的？這里用想成為歌手舉例，那就要問問自己“是練習(xí)唱歌重要，還是玩游戲重要”，E選項(xiàng)符合語境，故選E。（2019·福建·中考真題）Seeingbloodinahorrormoviemightmakeyoucoveryoureyes,butrealbloodisn’tscaryatall.21That’swhyblooddonorsareconsideredlifesavers.Blooddonorsarethosegivingblood---usuallyabout200mlatatime---tobloodbanksorblooddonation(捐贈(zèng))centers.22Forexample,someonemayhavelostbloodinaccidents,orhaveaseriousillnessthatrequireshisbloodtobereplaced.Hospitalsandbloodbanksstorethebloodandtrytokeepenoughonhand.23Medicalworkersaskdonorsseveralquestionstomakesurethebloodissafetouse.Thenthedonorsrelax,oftenreadingamagazineortalkingastheirbloodisdrawn.Afterward,thedonorsmayreceivesomejuiceorwaterandmaybefruittogivethemenergy.Theprocessissimple,notscary.24Togiveblood,apersonmustbeatleast18yearsoldandmustmeetcertainotherrequirements.Studentsofallages,though,canlearnmoreaboutthedonationprocessbyvisitingalocalblooddonationcenter.25Itisalsoaneasywaytohelpacommunity.A．Donatingbloodisnotdifficult.B．Thenthebloodcanbeusedforpeopleinneed.C．Infact,bloodisthegiftoflifeandkeepsusalive.D．Donatingbloodisnotonlyoneoftheeasiestwaystosavelives.E．Mostpeopleareabletodonatebloodagaininseveralmonthsiftheywish.【答案】21．C22．B23．A24．E25．D【文章大意】本篇文章難度適中，主要講述獻(xiàn)血的原因、條件和流程。21．根據(jù)That’swhyblooddonorsareconsideredlifesavers“那就是獻(xiàn)血者為什么被稱為救星”可知，空處表示血的重要性，即“血是生命的禮物，讓我們活著”，故選C。22．根據(jù)Forexample,someonemayhavelostbloodinaccidents,orhaveaseriousillnessthatrequireshisbloodtobereplaced“例如，有人可能在事故中失血，或患有嚴(yán)重疾病，需要更換血液”可知，舉個(gè)例子說明，血用于真正需要的人，故選B。23．根據(jù)Medicalworkersaskdonorsseveralquestionstomakesurethebloodissafetouse.Thenthedonorsrelax,oftenreadingamagazineortalkingastheirbloodisdrawn“醫(yī)學(xué)工作者問獻(xiàn)血者一些問題來確保血是安全的，然后獻(xiàn)血者放松，當(dāng)他們的血被抽走時(shí)，他們正在讀雜志或者聊天”可知，說明獻(xiàn)血不困難，故選A。24．根據(jù)全段可知，主要講述獻(xiàn)血的流程，所以空處應(yīng)該說“如果他們?cè)敢猓蠖鄶?shù)人可以在幾個(gè)月內(nèi)再一次獻(xiàn)血”，故選E。25．根據(jù)Itisalsoaneasywaytohelpacommunity“這也是幫助一個(gè)社區(qū)最簡(jiǎn)單的方法”中的also可知，應(yīng)說“獻(xiàn)血不僅是拯救生命最簡(jiǎn)單的方法”，故選D。（2023·福建漳州·統(tǒng)考一模）HaveyouevervisitedtheEarthBuilding?InthewesternpartofFujianprovince,therearegroupsofearthbuildings.TheyaremainlybuiltbytheHakkapeopleofFujian,sotheyhavebeenconsideredassymbolsofHakkaculture.1HakkaEarthBuildingisfamousforitslonghistory,unusualstyleandsmartstructure(結(jié)構(gòu)).2Theyarebuiltontheflatplacebetweenmountainsandhills.Formostbuildings,theyfacesouthwithriversontheleft,roadsontheright,pondsinthefrontandhillsattheback.3Thebuildingsarebuiltfordefensive(防御性的)purposeatthefirstplace.Wallsareasthickasonetotwometers.Therearenowindowsinthefirstandsecondstory.Topreventfromfireaccidents,thereiswaterandsandinsidethebuildings.4ThesebuildingsaresoamazingthattheywereinscribedontheWorldHeritageList(世界遺產(chǎn)名錄)in2008.Today,theearthbuildingsareoneofFujianProvince’stoptouristattractions.5Thetourismhaschangedthelocalpeople’slives.Mostofthemarebusywiththetourism,insteadoffarmingnow.A．Thistypeofbuildingisroundinshape.B．AndwecallthemHakkaEarthBuilding.C．Moreandmorevisitorscomehereforavisit.D．Thereisalsoanundergroundbackgateforescaping.E．Thislocation(位置)makesthemcomfortableplacestolive.【答案】1．B2．A3．E4．D5．C【文章大意】本文主要介紹了福建客家人建造的客家土樓。1．根據(jù)“therearegroupsofearthbuildings.TheyaremainlybuiltbytheHakkapeopleofFujian,sotheyhavebeenconsideredassymbolsofHakkaculture.”和下文“HakkaEarthBuilding”可知，空處應(yīng)是引出“客家土樓”，B項(xiàng)“我們稱之為客家土樓?！狈险Z境，故選B。2．根據(jù)“HakkaEarthBuildingisfamousforitslonghistory,unusualstyleandsmartstructure(結(jié)構(gòu)).”可知，這是本段的主題句，所以空處應(yīng)是介紹該建筑的風(fēng)格，A項(xiàng)“這種建筑是圓形的?！狈险Z境，故選A。3．根據(jù)“Theyarebuiltontheflatplacebetweenmountainsandhills.Formostbuildings,theyfacesouthwithriversontheleft,roadsontheright,pondsinthefrontandhillsattheback”可知，介紹的是這些建筑的地理位置，E項(xiàng)“這個(gè)位置使它們成為舒適的居住地”符合語境，故選E。4．根據(jù)“Thebuildingsarebuiltfordefensive(防御性的)purposeatthefirstplace....Topreventfromfireaccidents,thereiswaterandsandinsidethebuildings.”可知，此處是介紹這些建筑的防御性以及逃生系統(tǒng)，所以D項(xiàng)“還有一個(gè)地下后門可供逃生?！狈险Z境，故選D。5．根據(jù)“Today,theearthbuildingsareoneofFujianProvince’stoptouristattractions.”可知，現(xiàn)今，土樓是福建省最著名的旅游景點(diǎn)之一，所以空處應(yīng)是和旅游有關(guān)，C項(xiàng)“越來越多的游客來這里參觀。”符合語境，故選C。（2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文通順連貫，意思完整。Wearetoldthatweshoulddrinkatleast2,000mlofwateraday,andmoreifweareexercising.Buttoomuchwatercanbedeadlydangerous.6Theresultishyponatraemia（whichliterallymeans“l(fā)owsalt”）.Whenwesweat（流汗）,welosenecessarysaltswhichthebodyneedstokeepitsbalance.Excessivesweatingcoupledwithdrinkingcauselowersaltinthebodytoadangerouslevel.7Oritmightleadtobeingsickandevendying.8AdoctorinSouthAfricanoticeditwhenhetreatedawomandoinglong-distancerunning.However,anyonemayhavehyponatraemiaiftheydrinkwaterforalongperiodoftimewithouttakinginsalts.Herearesomemainthingsthatcouldmakesomeonehavehyponatraemia.9Theyarelessabletodealwiththeirthirst,andtheirwaterandsaltlevels,bythemselves.Secondly,anyonewhoexercisesforalongperiodoftimeisatrisk.Thirdly,peoplewhosesweatlossrisesto1000mlanhourareatriskbecauseofincreasingheat.10Butitisbesttohavedrinkswithsaltsinthem,andtotakesportsdrinkswhenexercising.A．Hyponatraemiawasfirstknownin1981.B．Unfortunately,manypeopledon’trealizethat.C．Thosemostatriskaretheveryyoungandtheveryold.D．Inthiscase,ourbodyneedstogetanewsupplysaltintime.E．Weshouldalldrinkwaterandneedmoreduringhotconditions.【答案】6．B7．D8．A9．C10．E【文章大意】本文介紹了在運(yùn)動(dòng)后應(yīng)該如何喝水以及不適當(dāng)飲水的危害。6．根據(jù)“Buttoomuchwatercanbedeadlydangerous.”可知，喝過多的水是致命的，后面的內(nèi)容和這點(diǎn)有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)B“不幸的是，許多人沒有意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)?！狈险Z境。故選B。7．根據(jù)“Oritmightleadtobeingsickandevendying.”可知，橫線處應(yīng)是表示這種情況下怎么做，否則會(huì)生病或死亡。選項(xiàng)D“在這種情況下，我們的身體需要及時(shí)獲得新的鹽供應(yīng)?！狈险Z境。故選D。8．根據(jù)“doctorinSouthAfricanoticeditwhenhetreatedawomandoinglong-distancerunning.”可知，橫線處引入發(fā)現(xiàn)了低鈉血癥這個(gè)話題。選項(xiàng)A“1981年首次發(fā)現(xiàn)低鈉血癥?！狈险Z境。故選A。9．根據(jù)“Theyarelessabletodealwiththeirthirst,andtheirwaterandsaltlevels,bythemselves.”可知，橫線處表示容易患上這種疾病的人群。選項(xiàng)C“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大的是非常年輕和非常年老的人?！狈险Z境。故選C。10．根據(jù)“Butitisbesttohavedrinkswithsaltsinthem,andtotakesportsdrinkswhenexercising.”可知，橫線處和喝水有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)E“我們都應(yīng)該喝水，在炎熱的天氣里需要更多的水?！狈险Z境。故選E。（2023·福建三明·統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。Asthepopulationinourcountryagesrapidly,wefacegreatchallenges(挑戰(zhàn)).11Thesmartwatermeter(智能水表)CommunityworkersonJiangsuStreetinShanghaihavefixed(安裝)smartwatermetersatthehomesofoldpeoplelivingalone.Thewatermeterwillsendanalarm(警報(bào))tocommunityworkersiflessthan0.01m3ofwaterisusedinhalfaday.Thatallowscommunityworkerstorushtocheckthesituationofoldpeople.12Theone-clickservice(一鍵式服務(wù))telephoneInBeijing’sTongzhou,communityworkershavefixedone-clickservicetelephonesfortheold.Withjustaclickonthephone,oldpeopleintroublecancallforhelp.RenXiuzhen,an80-year-oldwoman,saidherhusbandisinpoorhealth.Theone-clickservicetelephoneisverysimpletouse.13ThesmartwatchFor61-year-oldShaRuifang,asmartwatchhelpsalot.14Shesaidonceshewasoutwithherfamilywhenshesuddenlyreceivedacallfromthesmartelderlycarecontrolcenter.Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredanunusualheartbeat(心跳)throughthewatchandaskedherifshefeltunhealthy.15Andastheproblemwasdiscoveredearly,sheonlyneededtotakesomemedicine.A．Theywilldealwiththeproblemthatoldpeopleusewaterintime.B．Itallowshertogooutwithoutworryingtoomuchaboutanunexpectedsituation.C．Thegoodnewsisthattherearemanyinventionstosupporttheold.D．Aftergoingtothehospital,shewastoldthattherewasaproblemwithherheart.E．Withit,shecanspendlittletimecalling120ifsheorherhusbandisinneed.【答案】11．C12．A13．E14．B15．D【文章大意】本文介紹了三項(xiàng)能夠在生活中幫助老人的發(fā)明：智能水表，一鍵式服務(wù)電話，智能手表，并介紹了這些發(fā)明具體幫助老人的例子。11．根據(jù)“Asthepopulationinourcountryagesrapidly,wefacegreatchallenges”可知，本文主要介紹老人問題，由“facegreatchallenges”可知面臨很大的挑戰(zhàn)，與其對(duì)應(yīng)的是C選項(xiàng)“好消息是有許多發(fā)明能支持老人”。故選C。12．根據(jù)“Thewatermeterwillsendanalarm(警報(bào))tocommunityworkersiflessthan0.01m3ofwaterisusedinhalfaday”可知，本段介紹通過檢測(cè)老人用水情況及時(shí)為老人提供幫助，與其對(duì)應(yīng)的是A選項(xiàng)“他們能及時(shí)處理老人用水的問題”。故選A。13．根據(jù)“”RenXiuzhen,an80-year-oldwoman,saidherhusbandisinpoorhealth”可知，本段舉了一位女性和她身體不好的丈夫的例子，與其對(duì)應(yīng)的是E選項(xiàng)“如果她或她的丈夫有需要時(shí)，她可以用這個(gè)發(fā)明及時(shí)撥打120”。故選E。14．根據(jù)“For61-year-oldShaRuifang,asmartwatchhelpsalot”可知，本段以一位61歲的女性為例，與其對(duì)應(yīng)的是B選項(xiàng)“這允許她自由外出，并不擔(dān)心太多突發(fā)情況”。故選B。15．根據(jù)“Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredanunusualheartbeat(心跳)throughthewatchandaskedherifshefeltunhealthy”可知，通過智能手表，工作人員發(fā)現(xiàn)這位女士的心跳不太正常，與其對(duì)應(yīng)的是D選項(xiàng)“在去醫(yī)院之后，她被告知她的心臟有點(diǎn)問題”。故選D。（2023·福建福州·統(tǒng)考一模）HumanshavebeenstaringupatMercury,Venus,Mars,JupiterandSaturnforthousandsofyears.16Theynoticedthateachplanethadadifferentcharacteristic.Theymappedtheplanets’movementsandnamedthemafterthegodsfromtheirmythology(神話).Mercury,istheclosestplanettotheSun.17SotheRomansnameditafterthegodwhocarriesmessages.Venusshinesthebrightestinthenightsky.That’swhytheRomansgaveitthenameoftheirgoddessofloveandbeauty.MarswasnamedaftertheRomangodofwarforitsredcolor.18Therefore,theRomansgaveitthenameofthekingoftheirgods.TheythennameditsneighboringringedplanetSaturnaftertheking’sfather.Thepracticeofusingstoriesfrommythologytonameobjectsintheskycaughton.WhenWilliamHerscheldiscoveredUranusin1781,hewantedtonameitaftertheEnglishking,GeorgeIII.19ThenamecamefromOuranos,theGreekgodofthesky.Decadeslater.JohannGallediscoveredtheeighthplanet.Whentheysawtheplanet’sbluetint,theastronomersnameditNeptuneaftertheRomangodofthesea.HowaboutourEarth?Youwon’tfindanyGreekorRomangodswiththatname.“Earth”actuallycamefromoldEnglishandGermanicwords,meaning“ground”.20A．Thenameisprettyfitting,right?B．However,othersdecidedtocallitUranus.C．AncientRomanspaidalotofattentiontothem.D．Jupiteristhelargestplanetinthesolarsystem.E．Itappearedtomovefasterthantheothers.【答案】16．C17．E18．D19．B20．A【文章大意】本文主要是介紹幾個(gè)行星名字的由來。16．根據(jù)空格下文“Theynoticedthateachplanethadadifferentcharacteristic.”可知人類觀察了行星很久，選項(xiàng)C“古羅馬人非常關(guān)注它們。”符合題意，故選C。17．根據(jù)“Mercury,istheclosestplanettotheSun…SotheRomansnameditafterthegodwhocarriesmessages.”可知水星離太陽最近，又以傳送信息的上帝命名，可推測(cè)水星的移動(dòng)速度應(yīng)該也快，選項(xiàng)E“它似乎比其他的行星移動(dòng)得更快。”符合題意，故選E。18．根據(jù)“Therefore,theRomansgaveitthenameofthekingoftheirgods.”可知眾神之王意味著可能是最大的行星，選項(xiàng)D“木星是太陽系中最大的行星。”符合題意，故選D。19．根據(jù)“WhenWilliamHerscheldiscoveredUranusin1781”和“ThenamecamefromOuranos,theGreekgodofthesky.”可知空格處在講關(guān)于天王星的事，選項(xiàng)B“然而，其他人決定稱之為天王星?！狈项}意，故選B。20．根據(jù)“‘Earth’actuallycamefromoldEnglishandGermanicwords,meaning‘ground’.”可知地球的意思是地面，可推測(cè)空格處是對(duì)地球名字的看法，選項(xiàng)A“這個(gè)名字很合適，對(duì)吧？”符合題意，故選A。（2023·福建南平·統(tǒng)考一模）OnMay23,someworkersremovedthelastpayphoneinNewYorkCity.ItisnowbeinghousedattheMuseumoftheCityofNewYork.21However,itsstorystillholdsanimportantplaceinhistory.22Beforethat,manypeople,includingGray,couldnotaffordtopaythemonthlyfees(月費(fèi))tohaveatelephoneintheirhomes.Onedayin1888,Grayneededtocalladoctorforhissickwife.23Themanexplainedhiswife’sconditiontothepeopleatthefactory.Theyfinallyagreedtolethimusetheirphone.Afterthat,Graygottheideatocreatepublicpayphones.24Threeyearslater,hesetuphisowncompanyandbegansettinguppayphonesacrosstheUSA．Aboutonehundredyearslater,thereweremorethantwomillionpayphonesinthecountry.Today,onlyafewofthesepayphoneboxesstillremain.Some,forexample,havebeenturnedintoWi-Fistations.Peoplecanalsocharge(給……充電)theirsmartphonesthere.25Well,theyareagoodreminderforusall.Theyremindustorememberandtoliveinharmony(和諧)withourpast.A．Whydowestillneedthem?B．Heaskedtousethetelephoneatalocalfactory.C．Hisknowledgeofmachineshelpedhimtoinventthefirstpayphone.D．Theera(時(shí)代)ofthepublictelephoneseemstohavecometoanend.E．Theworld’sfirstpayphoneswereinventedbyAmericanmechanicWilliamGray.【答案】21．D22．E23．B24．C25．A【文章大意】本文主要講述了公共付費(fèi)電話的發(fā)展歷史。21．根據(jù)上文“ItisnowbeinghousedattheMuseumoftheCityofNewYork.”可知，紐約的最后一部公共付費(fèi)電話被收藏在紐約市博物館，也就代表了公共付費(fèi)電話的時(shí)代已成為歷史，選項(xiàng)D“公共電話的時(shí)代似乎已結(jié)束。”符合語境。故選D。22．根據(jù)下文“Beforethat,manypeople,includingGray,couldnotaffordtopaythemonthlyfees(月費(fèi))tohaveatelephoneintheirhomes.”和“Afterthat,Graygottheideatocreatepublicpayphones.”可知，Gray是眾多因付不起每月的電話費(fèi)而無法在家安裝電話的人之中的其中一位，而在那之后，Gray就有了要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造公共付費(fèi)電話的想法，選項(xiàng)E“世界上第一部公共付費(fèi)電話是由美國的一位技工WilliamGray所發(fā)明的?！狈险Z境。故選E。23．根據(jù)上文“Onedayin1888,Grayneededtocalladoctorforhissickwife.”和下文“Themanexplainedhiswife’sconditiontothepeopleatthefactory.Theyfinallyagreedtolethimusetheirphone.”可知，在1888年的一天，Gray需要為他生病的妻子叫來醫(yī)生，他向工廠的人解釋了他妻子的情況，最終工廠的人同意了讓他使用電話，選項(xiàng)B“他請(qǐng)求在當(dāng)?shù)匾患夜S打電話。”符合語境。故選B。24．根據(jù)上文“Afterthat,Graygottheideatocreatepublicpayphones.”和下文“Threeyearslater,hesetuphisowncompanyandbegansettinguppayphonesacrosstheUSA.”可知，在Gray因妻子生病而需打電話后，他就有了創(chuàng)造公共付費(fèi)電話的想法，在三年后，他創(chuàng)建了自己的公司，并開始在美國設(shè)立公共付費(fèi)電話，選項(xiàng)C“他對(duì)機(jī)械的了解幫助了他發(fā)明第一部公共付費(fèi)電話?！狈险Z境。故選C。25．根據(jù)上文“Today,onlyafewofthesepayphoneboxesstillremain.Some,forexample,havebeenturnedintoWi-Fistations.Peoplecanalsocharge(給……充電)...”可知，現(xiàn)如今只有少量的公共付費(fèi)電話還存留著，有一些已經(jīng)變成了Wi-Fi站點(diǎn)，此空應(yīng)是選項(xiàng)A“我們?yōu)槭裁催€需要它們呢？”結(jié)合下文“Well,theyareagoodreminderforusall.Theyremindustorememberandtoliveinharmony(和諧)withourpast.”，可知下文即是這個(gè)問題的回答“它們對(duì)于所有人來說是一個(gè)很好的提醒，它們提醒了我們要記住過去，并且要與我們的過去和諧相處”。故選A。（2023·福建漳州·統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀下而短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填人短文空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.26Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobodyhastoworryaboutfashion.Everybodywearsthesamestyleofclothes.27AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedge(邊沿)ofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.28Theanswertothisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.29SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridof(放棄)them.Someverygoodschoolsdon’thaveauniformpolicy.30Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.A．However,uniformsarestillpopular.B．Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.C．Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.D．Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?E．Otherstudiesshowednoconnectionbetweenuniformsandstudents’grades.【答案】26．C27．B28．D29．E30．A【文章大意】本文主要講了校服的諸多好處以及存在的一些爭(zhēng)議。26．根據(jù)前文“Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.”可知這是文章的總起句，由下文“Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform.nobodyhastoworryaboutfashion.Everybodywearsthesamestyleofclothes.”可知講的是學(xué)生在學(xué)校穿統(tǒng)一校服的情況。選項(xiàng)C“首先，校服有助于學(xué)校看起來時(shí)髦”符合語境，故選C。27．根據(jù)“Ontheedge(邊沿)ofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.”可知此處講了校服的作用，選項(xiàng)B“校服可能會(huì)以意想不到的方式發(fā)揮作用”符合語境，故選B。28．根據(jù)“OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms”可知此處講的是校服對(duì)成績(jī)的影響，選項(xiàng)D“但是校服能幫助提高學(xué)校水平嗎”符合語境，故選D。29．根據(jù)“OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms”可知此處講的是美國的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)校推出校服后，學(xué)生的成績(jī)略有提高。后文應(yīng)是講其他的研究，選項(xiàng)E“其他研究表明，校服和學(xué)生的成績(jī)之間沒有聯(lián)系”符合語境，故選E。30．根據(jù)“Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.”可知大約90%的英國中學(xué)的學(xué)生都穿校服，所以校服很受學(xué)生歡迎，選項(xiàng)A“然而，校服仍然很受歡迎”符合語境，故選A。（2023·福建南平·統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。

Theyear2023istheYearoftheRabbit.DoyouknowwheretherabbitisputamongthetwelveChinesezodiacsigns(生肖)?Alongtimeago,therabbitandtheoxwereneighbors.31Sotheoxaskeditforadviceonrunning.Therabbitshookitsheadproudlyandsaid,“Youaretoofatandheavytorunfast.”32Itbegantopracticerunningeveryday.Finally,itsfeetbecamestrongandcouldrunasfastasthewind.

Oneday,therabbit,oxandotheranimalstookpartinaracetotheHeavenlyPalace(天宮).Thefirsttwelveanimalstoarrivewouldbelistedasthetwelvezodiacsigns.33Sinceitfoundnootheranimalsontheroad,itdecidedtorestforawhileandhaveashortsleep.Theoxsetofflaterthantherabbit,buttheoxneverrested.34

Whenthetiger,anothergoodrunner,ranpasttherabbit,therabbitwokeupatlast.35Butit