2024年湖南省長沙市中考英語適應(yīng)性試卷（四）

第1頁（共1頁）2024年湖南省長沙市中考英語適應(yīng)性試卷（四）一、聽力第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話讀兩遍。1．（1分）Howistheweathernow？A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.2．（1分）Whoseshirtmightbeyellow？A.John's.B.Bill's.C.David's.3．（1分）WhatdoesPeterlooklike？A.He'sshort.B.Hehaslonghair.C.He'sofmediumheight.4．（1分）Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopay？A.7yuan.B.16yuan.C.83yuan.5．（1分）WhatdoesAnnewanttobewhenshegrowsup？A.Adoctor.B.Asinger.C.Ateacher.第二節(jié)聽下面6段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6．（2分）（1）Whenisthegirl'sbirthdayparty？A.OnMay16th.B.OnMay27th.C.OnMarch27th.（2）Whycan'tTankcometotheparty？A.Becausehehasapaintinglesson.B.Becausehehastodohishomework.C.Becausehehastolookafterhissister.7．（2分）（1）WhereistheScienceMuseum？A.Besideabank.B.Behindapostoffice.C.Infrontofapostoffice.（2）HowwillthewomangototheScienceMuseum？A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.8．（2分）（1）WhereisDavegoingthisweekendwithhisfriends？A.Tothezoo.B.Tothebeach.C.Tothemountains.（2）Whendotheyplantoleave？A.OnFridaynight.B.OnSaturdaymorning.C.OnSaturdayafternoon.9．（3分）（1）WhereareBillandSallytalking？A.OnQQ.B.OnWeChat.C.Onthephone.（2）WhatisBilldoingnow？AWatchingTV.B.Havingdinner.C.Doinghishomework.（3）Whattimedotheywanttomeet？A.At5：00.B.At5：15.C.At5：50.10．（3分）（1）Howoftendoesthe9﹣year﹣oldboydosports？A.Everyday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Fivetimesaweek.（2）HowlongdoesDaleplayping﹣pongeveryday？A.30minutes.B.45minutes.C.60minutes.（3）WhereareRoseandDalegoingtoplayping﹣pongtoday？A.InDale'shouse.B.Atthesportscenter.C.Ontheschoolplayground.11．（3分）（1）Whichmountainisfamousforsunrise？A.MountTai.B.MountE'mei.C.MountHua.（2）WhatarethebirthplacesofChineseculture？A.Tworivers.B.Twocities.C.Twomountains.（3）WheredidthestoryaboutXuXianandWhiteSnakehappen？A.OnTaihuLakeinSuzhou.B.OnHongzehuLakeinHuai'an.C.OntheWestLakeinHangzhou.二、閱讀閱讀材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項。12．（6分）YardSaleCometoHanMei'syard.Youcangetsomeoldbooksandtoys.Theyareatagoodprice.Time：3p.m.to5p.m.onSaturday&SundayBeijingOperaSilangVisitsHisMotherwillbeoninSunshineMovieTheaterat3p.m.thisSaturday.Ticket：50yuan（Halfpriceforpeopleover60）______Tohelppeoplekeephealthy，therewillbeafreetalkinthePeople'sHall.Time：9：30a.m.to11：00a.m.，SundaySpeaker：Mr.Hunt，adoctorfromBeijingCake﹣makingCompetitionWelcometoourDIYHouse!Thecompetitionisforchildrenaged10to12.Time：3p.m.，Saturday，July30，2023Fee：30yuan，includingthematerials（材料）Prize：TwomovieticketsforPursuitofLight（1）WhatdoYardSaleandBeijingOperahaveincommon？A.Theyareat，HanMei'syardB.Theysellthingsatgoodprices.C.Theystartat3：00p.m.onSaturday.（2）Whichofthefollowingshouldbeputin______？A.FreeTalkB.StoryTimeC.EnglishCorner（3）WhocanjoininCake﹣makingCompetition？A.4﹣year﹣oldJack.B.8﹣year﹣oldBob.C.12﹣year﹣oldGina.13．（8分）IgavetheyoungmanIhadrescued（救）breadandwater.Hewastiredoutandfellquicklyasleep.Iguessedhisageataroundtwenty﹣six.Hewastallandstrongandlookedkind，especiallywhenhesmiled.Hesleptonlyaboutahalf.Againhemadegestures（手勢）toshowthathewasgratefultome.Wecommunicatedbygesturesatfirst.SoonheshowedhimselfmuchbetteratlearningmylanguagethanIwasatlearninghis.ItoldhimI'mRobinson.IcalledhimFriday，foritwasonaFridaythatIrescuedhim.Hequicklylearned"yes"and"no"andthenamesofmanythings.Atfirst，Ididn'tcompletelytrustFridayandhewasseparatedfrommeinanotherroom.ButsoonIfounditunnecessary.Nobodywouldbemoreloyal（忠誠的）thanFriday.Heseemedalmosttoconsidermelikeafather.Fridaywasalsowillingtohelpinanyway.Forthenextthreeyears，ItaughtFridaytouseallmytools.ItookhimtoseeeverythingIhadmade.Fridaywasquicktohelpwiththeworkontheisland.Oneday，IshowedFridaytheruins（殘骸）ofthewreck（沉船）.IexplainedthatIhadcomeupontheislandthesameway.ThatwaswhenFridaytoldmethemostamazingthing.Hehadseensuchawreckbefore，notfarfromhishome."Werescuethewhitemenfromdrowning."hesaid.Iaskedhimhowmanymentheyhadrescued，andheshowedmeonhisfingers—seventeen.IwassurprisedattheideaofagroupofEuropeanssoclose.ItookFridaytothehighestpointoftheislandwhereotherlandscouldbeseen.Hebeganjumpinganddancing.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"grateful"meaninParagraph2？A.友好的B感激的C.意外的（2）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3？A.Fridaydidn'titcareaboutlearninganylanguages.B..Fridaycouldn'tcommunicatewithRobinsonatall.C.FridaylearnedsomewordsfromRobinsonquickly.（3）WhichofthefollowingwordscandescribeFridayovertime？A.Tired→Thankful→Helpful→JoyfulB.Thankful→Helpful→Tired→JoyfulC.Joyful→Thankful→Helpful→Tired（4）Whichbookisthepassageprobablytakenfrom？A.TomSawyerB.TreasureIslandC.RobinsonCrouse14．（8分）InJapanandtheworld，foodwasteisabigproblem.In2019，Japanproduced5.7milliontonsoffoodwaste.Thegovernmentisworkingonreducingthisto2.7millionby2030.Now，UniversityofTokyoresearchersinJapanhavecreatedanewtechnologythatusesfoodwasteinasurprisingway.StudentKotaMachidaandProfessorYuyaSakaisaytheoperationcanturnfoodwasteintoastrongmateriallikecement（水泥）Iheysayitistourtimesstiongc*thanregularconcrete（普通混凝土）andisenvironmental﹣friendly.Andyoucaneatit.Throughaprocessofdrying，crushing（搗碎），andcompressing（壓縮）thefoodwaste，SakaiandhisstudentMachidahadsuccessfullymadecementfromfoodwastewithoutplastic."Themostchallengingpartwasthateachtypeoffoodwasterequiresdifferenttemperaturesandpressurelevels，"Sakaisaid.Theteamhaveuseddifferenttypesoffoodwastetomakethecement，includingtealeaves，orangepeens，coffeegrounas，andleftover（剩下的）lunchmaterials.They'veadjusted（調(diào)整）flavors（香味）withdifferentspices（香料）andfoundthecolors，smellandtasteofthecementcanbequiteattractive.MachidaandhistwofriendshavecreatedacompanycalledFabula，Inc.Theyareworkingwithothercompaniestousethematerialtomakeproductsforthehome."Ifthiscementcouldreplaceplasticandcementproducts，itmayhelpslowglobalwarming（全球變暖）linkedto（與……有關(guān)聯(lián)）foodwaste，"saidMachida.（1）Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetworesearchers？A.Workmates.B.Classmates.C.Aprofessorandastudent.（2）WhichquestionisansweredinParagraph3？A.Howwasthecementmadefromfoodwaste？B.Whydidtheresearchersmakecementfromthefoodwaste？C.Whataretheadvantagesofcementmadefromfoodwaste：（3）HowmanytypesoffoodwastearementionedinParagraph4？A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.（4）Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage？A.Totellpeopletostopwastingfood.B.Toadvisepeopletotryusingthenewmaterial.C.Tointroduceanewwaytosolveenvironmentalproblems.閱讀短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余選項。15．（8分）Watchingwildanimalsmakesuspleased，cheersusup，andsometimesevenmakesusfrightened（害怕的）.（1）Wildgeese，forexample，teachaverygoodlessonaboutteamwork.Infall，Canada'swildgeeseflysouthtogetawayfromCanada'scoldwinterweather.Theyliftoffinnoorder.Yetveryquicklytheyforma"V"shape，withonebirdleadingtheflock（鳥群）.Scientistshavediscoveredthatwildgeeseflyingina"V"shapecanhelpthemtosaveenergy.Inthisway，theycanfly70percentfartherwithoutrestthanthoseflyingalone.Whatcanhumanslearnfromthis？（2）Wehavefoundthatwildgeesemakesoundinflighttoencouragethosethathavefallenbehindtokeepupwiththespeed.Teammembersshouldcommunicatewitheachotherwhileworkingtowardsacommongoal.Taketurns.Thewildgooseoutinfronthasthehardestjobasithastobreakuptheaircurrents（氣流）.Whenitgetstired，itmovesbehind，andanothergoosemovestothefront.Bysharingtherole，theflockcantravelveryfar.Teamscangetadvantagesfromthesameidea.（3）Setagoodexample.Whenwildgeeseareontheground，ifsomethingfrightenstheleader，itmightflyoff.Sodoestheflock.Butiftheleaderstayscalm，theflockwilldothesame.Wildgeeseandpeopleusuallylearnfromtheirleaders.Whenleading，wemustrememberthatouractionsandfeelingswillbepassedontoourfollowers.Whetheritisinourpersonallivesorourwork，weneedotherpeople.（4）Ifwefacethedifficultiesalone，therisksaregreater.Likewildgeese，whenweworktogether，ourburdens（負(fù)擔(dān)）arelighter.A.Beanencourager.B.Weareencouragedbytheirenergy.C.Butdoyouknowtheycanteachus？.D.Itisnotdifficultforthewillagoosetoleadinfront.E.Basedontheirexperienceandskills，peoplecantaketurns'sharingtheleadershiprole.三、語言運用閱讀短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。16．（15分）Nowadays，itseemsthatpeoplealllivealifeoffulfilment（滿足）.Butinfact，therearealsoagroupofpeoplewhoarehomeless，eveninGermany.Howmanyofuswould（1）toseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofawealthy，developedcountrylikeGermany？KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespenteleven（2）makingmealsforthehomelessofBerlin，Germany'scapital.TheyfirstbegantodothatinahotsummerwhenmostGermanswereawayandenjoyedthemselvesonholiday.Kurtandhiswifestayedathome，madesandwichesandsomedeliciousfoodbythemselves，（3）atableinthestreetandgavethefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodwasn'tenough.Mostofthehomelesspeopleare（4）.Theyhavenofriendsorrelatives."Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthandcaring，"saysRita.TheMullersgavetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeoplewithoutthinkingandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Ritamadesuretherewassomebodyathometoanswerthe（5）andtheirhomewasalways（6）toanyonewhocouldn'tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon（7）alltheirtimeandmoney，soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniestoaskfordonations（捐贈）.Today，overthirtycompaniesdonatefoodandothergoodsandvolunteershelptogivethemawaytothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandabackpackproducerdonatesnewbackpacks.KurtandRitaputtheirlovetogoodusebyhelpinghomelesspeopleinBerlin.They（8）receivedanypaymentfortheirhardwork."Wefeellike（9），saysRita，"andparentsshouldn'texpectmoneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovethatwegetonthestreetsisoursalary."（10）Ritasayssheoftengetstired，shefeelsgoodabouthelpingotherpeople.Theywillgoonwiththeirworkbecausetheylikethefeelingofhavingmadeadifferenceintheworld.（1）A.likeB.hopeC.expect（2）A.daysB.hoursC.years（3）A.setupB.gaveoutC.putaway（4）A.poorB.lonelyC.hungry（5）A.phoneB.letterC.question（6）A.openB.closedC.broken（7）A.savingB.wastingC.spending（8）A.neverB.oftenC.always（9）A.parentsB.childrenC.relatives（10）A.IfB.ThoughC.Because閱讀短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。17．（10分）Spaceisnolongeramysterytohuman.WehavesentpeopletotheMoonbyspaceships.Whatdoyouthinkspace（1）（city）willbelike？BuildingsThebuildingsinspacedon'tlookverydifferentfrommodernsmalltownsonEarth.Sciencefictionfilmsshowpeoplelivingintallglasstowersorlivingunderground，（2）peoplewon'twantthese.Peoplehavetriedtoputupbuildingsliketheonestheyknow，sospacetravelerswilldo（3）same.Theneedforgravity（重力）Gravitymakesnormallifepossible.Withgravity，lifeinspacecanbelikethatonEarth.Aspacecitywithgravitywouldbea（4）（good）placetolivethantheMoonorotherplanetswherethereisverylittlegravity.UsingsunlightAllplacesontheMoonhave14daysofsunlightfollowedby14daysofnight，which（5）（make）farmingimpossible.（6）aspacecity，itwouldalwayshavesunlightandthelength（長度）ofeachdaycouldbecontrolled.Abigmirrorabouttwokilometersindiameter（直徑）wouldfloat（漂浮）abovethecity.Itwouldreflect（反射）sunlighttosmallermirrorsthatwoulddirectitintothecity.Theshutters（百葉窗）wouldbeused（7）（control）whensunlightwasletin.Theywouldbeclosedtocreatenight﹣time.Planningforapopulationof10，000Thepopulationofthecitycould（8）（fix）atabout10，000people.Farmerswouldbeabletoplan（9）（clear）howmuchfoodwouldbeneededforthisnumberofpeople.About44squaremetersofvegetableplantsandjustoverfivesquaremetersofgrasslandwouldbeneededforeachoneof（10）（they）.四、讀寫綜合閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。18．（10分）LanzhoulamianisafamousChinesedish.PeopleinLanzhougenerallycallitLanzhouBeefNoodles.LanzhoulamianhaswonpraisefromChineseandeventheworld'sdinerswithitsspecialtaste，andhasalsowonthenameofChineseFirstNoodle.ThemainmakingprocessofLanzhoulamianisclearfromthewordlainitsname，whichmeans"stretch（拉伸）"inChineseThechef（廚師）cooksthedough（生面團）byrepeatedlystretchingittotheneededthicknessandshape.Lanzhoulamianalsohasalonghistory，anditissaidtodatebacktotheQingDynasty.Accordingtothelocals，thereisnoLanzhoulamianinLanzhou，andthelocalnoodledishiscalledLanzhoubeefnoodlesorLanzhoubeefnoodlesoup.IheearliestLanzhoubeefnoodleswerechangedfromtheLaoTangbeefnoodles.ThemainingredientofthisnoodlesoupisknownasLaoTang，andthenoodlesoupandbeefcookedinthissoupareverydelicious.DuringtheJiaqingperiodoftheQingDynasty，MaLiuqitookChenWeijingashisteacherinHenanProvince.HelearnedhowtomakebeefnoodlesandbroughtthemethodtoLanzhou.Afterthat，ChenHesheng，MaBaoziandothersunited（統(tǒng)一）thestandardofLanzhoubeefnoodleswith"firsttheclear，secondthewhite，thirdthered，fourththegreenandfifththeyellow"andcarrieditforward.Today，morethan90%ofLanzhoulamianrestaurantsthroughout（遍及）ChinaareactuallyownedbythepeoplefromHualong，QinghaiandLinxia，Gansu.Inthe1980s，thepeopleofHualongbegantoimprovethelamianbusinessthroughoutChina，finallycalledQinghailamian，butlaterreplaceditwiththeLanzhouBeefLamiansignbecauseofthegreaterfameofLanzhoubeefnoodlesoup.（1）WhyisLanzhoulamianpopularwithdinersinChinaandaroundtheworld？（2）HowcanweknowaboutLanzhoulamian'smainmakingprocess？（3）WheredidLanzhoulamianfirstcomefrom？（4）WhendidMaLiuqilearnhowtomakebeefnoodles？（5）DoyouliketraditionalChinesedishes？Ifso，pleaselistatleastone.第二節(jié)19．（15分）忘記憂傷，燃起希望；拋開惆悵，放飛理想。假如你是李華，你的好朋友David是個上進、勤奮的孩子，但最近在多個學(xué)科測試中，成績明顯下滑，自信心受挫，精.神狀態(tài)不佳。請你針對他的情況，給他提出一些合理化的建議，給他加油鼓勁！要點提示：要求：（1）短文必須包含提示中的所有要點，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；（2）詞數(shù)80左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）；（3）不得出現(xiàn)真實的校名和人名。DearDavid，Ihearthatyouhavesometroublewithyourstudynow.NowIamwritingtooffersomeadvicetohelpyou.________Yours，LiHua

2024年湖南省長沙市中考英語適應(yīng)性試卷（四）參考答案與試題解析一、聽力第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話讀兩遍。1．（1分）Howistheweathernow？A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.【解答】略2．（1分）Whoseshirtmightbeyellow？A.John's.B.Bill's.C.David's.【解答】略3．（1分）WhatdoesPeterlooklike？A.He'sshort.B.Hehaslonghair.C.He'sofmediumheight.【解答】略4．（1分）Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopay？A.7yuan.B.16yuan.C.83yuan.【解答】略5．（1分）WhatdoesAnnewanttobewhenshegrowsup？A.Adoctor.B.Asinger.C.Ateacher.【解答】略第二節(jié)聽下面6段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6．（2分）（1）Whenisthegirl'sbirthdayparty？A.OnMay16th.B.OnMay27th.C.OnMarch27th.（2）Whycan'tTankcometotheparty？A.Becausehehasapaintinglesson.B.Becausehehastodohishomework.C.Becausehehastolookafterhissister.【解答】略7．（2分）（1）WhereistheScienceMuseum？A.Besideabank.B.Behindapostoffice.C.Infrontofapostoffice.（2）HowwillthewomangototheScienceMuseum？A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.【解答】略8．（2分）（1）WhereisDavegoingthisweekendwithhisfriends？A.Tothezoo.B.Tothebeach.C.Tothemountains.（2）Whendotheyplantoleave？A.OnFridaynight.B.OnSaturdaymorning.C.OnSaturdayafternoon.【解答】略9．（3分）（1）WhereareBillandSallytalking？A.OnQQ.B.OnWeChat.C.Onthephone.（2）WhatisBilldoingnow？AWatchingTV.B.Havingdinner.C.Doinghishomework.（3）Whattimedotheywanttomeet？A.At5：00.B.At5：15.C.At5：50.【解答】略10．（3分）（1）Howoftendoesthe9﹣year﹣oldboydosports？A.Everyday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Fivetimesaweek.（2）HowlongdoesDaleplayping﹣pongeveryday？A.30minutes.B.45minutes.C.60minutes.（3）WhereareRoseandDalegoingtoplayping﹣pongtoday？A.InDale'shouse.B.Atthesportscenter.C.Ontheschoolplayground.【解答】略11．（3分）（1）Whichmountainisfamousforsunrise？A.MountTai.B.MountE'mei.C.MountHua.（2）WhatarethebirthplacesofChineseculture？A.Tworivers.B.Twocities.C.Twomountains.（3）WheredidthestoryaboutXuXianandWhiteSnakehappen？A.OnTaihuLakeinSuzhou.B.OnHongzehuLakeinHuai'an.C.OntheWestLakeinHangzhou.【解答】略二、閱讀閱讀材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項。12．（6分）YardSaleCometoHanMei'syard.Youcangetsomeoldbooksandtoys.Theyareatagoodprice.Time：3p.m.to5p.m.onSaturday&SundayBeijingOperaSilangVisitsHisMotherwillbeoninSunshineMovieTheaterat3p.m.thisSaturday.Ticket：50yuan（Halfpriceforpeopleover60）______Tohelppeoplekeephealthy，therewillbeafreetalkinthePeople'sHall.Time：9：30a.m.to11：00a.m.，SundaySpeaker：Mr.Hunt，adoctorfromBeijingCake﹣makingCompetitionWelcometoourDIYHouse!Thecompetitionisforchildrenaged10to12.Time：3p.m.，Saturday，July30，2023Fee：30yuan，includingthematerials（材料）Prize：TwomovieticketsforPursuitofLight（1）WhatdoYardSaleandBeijingOperahaveincommon？CA.Theyareat，HanMei'syardB.Theysellthingsatgoodprices.C.Theystartat3：00p.m.onSaturday.（2）Whichofthefollowingshouldbeputin______？AA.FreeTalkB.StoryTimeC.EnglishCorner（3）WhocanjoininCake﹣makingCompetition？CA.4﹣year﹣oldJack.B.8﹣year﹣oldBob.C.12﹣year﹣oldGina.【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格一Time：3p.m.to5p.m.onSaturday&Sunday（時間：周六和周日下午3點至5點）和表格二SilangVisitsHisMotherwillbeoninSunshineMovieTheaterat3p.m.thisSaturday.（《四郎探母》將于本周六下午三點在陽光電影院上映。）可知都是在星期六下午三點開始。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格三Tohelppeoplekeephealthy，therewillbeafreetalkinthePeople'sHall.（為了幫助人們保持健康，在人民大會堂將舉行一次自由報告會。）可知結(jié)合選項，自由報告，符合。故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格四Thecompetitionisforchildrenaged10to12.（比賽面向10至12歲的兒童。）可知12歲的吉娜。故選C。13．（8分）IgavetheyoungmanIhadrescued（救）breadandwater.Hewastiredoutandfellquicklyasleep.Iguessedhisageataroundtwenty﹣six.Hewastallandstrongandlookedkind，especiallywhenhesmiled.Hesleptonlyaboutahalf.Againhemadegestures（手勢）toshowthathewasgratefultome.Wecommunicatedbygesturesatfirst.SoonheshowedhimselfmuchbetteratlearningmylanguagethanIwasatlearninghis.ItoldhimI'mRobinson.IcalledhimFriday，foritwasonaFridaythatIrescuedhim.Hequicklylearned"yes"and"no"andthenamesofmanythings.Atfirst，Ididn'tcompletelytrustFridayandhewasseparatedfrommeinanotherroom.ButsoonIfounditunnecessary.Nobodywouldbemoreloyal（忠誠的）thanFriday.Heseemedalmosttoconsidermelikeafather.Fridaywasalsowillingtohelpinanyway.Forthenextthreeyears，ItaughtFridaytouseallmytools.ItookhimtoseeeverythingIhadmade.Fridaywasquicktohelpwiththeworkontheisland.Oneday，IshowedFridaytheruins（殘?。﹐fthewreck（沉船）.IexplainedthatIhadcomeupontheislandthesameway.ThatwaswhenFridaytoldmethemostamazingthing.Hehadseensuchawreckbefore，notfarfromhishome."Werescuethewhitemenfromdrowning."hesaid.Iaskedhimhowmanymentheyhadrescued，andheshowedmeonhisfingers—seventeen.IwassurprisedattheideaofagroupofEuropeanssoclose.ItookFridaytothehighestpointoftheislandwhereotherlandscouldbeseen.Hebeganjumpinganddancing.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"grateful"meaninParagraph2？BA.友好的B感激的C.意外的（2）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3？CA.Fridaydidn'titcareaboutlearninganylanguages.B..Fridaycouldn'tcommunicatewithRobinsonatall.C.FridaylearnedsomewordsfromRobinsonquickly.（3）WhichofthefollowingwordscandescribeFridayovertime？AA.Tired→Thankful→Helpful→JoyfulB.Thankful→Helpful→Tired→JoyfulC.Joyful→Thankful→Helpful→Tired（4）Whichbookisthepassageprobablytakenfrom？CA.TomSawyerB.TreasureIslandC.RobinsonCrouse【解答】（1）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段Iguessedhisageataroundtwenty﹣six.Hewastallandstrongandlookedkind，especiallywhenhesmiled.Hesleptonlyaboutahalf.Againhemadegestures（手勢）toshowthathewasgratefultome.（我猜想他的年齡在26歲左右。他又高又壯，看起來很和藹，尤其是當(dāng)他微笑的時候。他只睡了大約半個小時。他再次做手勢表示對我的感激。）可知，第二段中下劃線的單詞"grateful"的意思是：感激的。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Wecommunicatedbygesturesatfirst.SoonheshowedhimselfmuchbetteratlearningmylanguagethanIwasatlearninghis.ItoldhimI'mRobinson.IcalledhimFriday，foritwasonaFridaythatIrescuedhim.Hequicklylearned"yes"and"no"andthenamesofmanythings.（起初我們用手勢交流。很快，他表現(xiàn)出在學(xué)習(xí)我的語言方面比我學(xué)習(xí)他的語言要好得多。我告訴他我是羅賓遜。我叫他星期五，因為我是在星期五救了他。他很快學(xué)會了"是"和"不是"以及許多事物的名稱。）可知，從第三段我們能了解到：星期五很快從羅賓遜那里學(xué)到了一些單詞。故選C。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段IgavetheyoungmanIhadrescued（救）breadandwater.Hewastiredoutandfellquicklyasleep.（我給了我救下的年輕人面包和水。他累壞了，很快就睡著了。）；第二段Iguessedhisageataroundtwenty﹣six.Hewastallandstrongandlookedkind，especiallywhenhesmiled.Hesleptonlyaboutahalf.Againhemadegestures（手勢）toshowthathewasgratefultome.（我猜想他的年齡在26歲左右。他又高又壯，看起來很和藹，尤其是當(dāng)他微笑的時候。他只睡了大約半個小時。他再次做手勢表示對我的感激。）；第四段Fridaywasalsowillingtohelpinanyway.（星期五也愿意以任何方式提供幫助。）和最后一段Iaskedhimhowmanymentheyhadrescued，andheshowedmeonhisfingers—seventeen.IwassurprisedattheideaofagroupofEuropeanssoclose.ItookFridaytothehighestpointoftheislandwhereotherlandscouldbeseen.Hebeganjumpinganddancing.（我問他他們救了多少人，他指給我看——十七個。我對一群歐洲人如此近的想法感到驚訝。我周五去了島上的最高點，在那里可以看到其他陸地。他開始跳躍和跳舞。）可知，可以描述一段時間內(nèi)的星期五的是：疲憊→感恩→樂于助人→快樂。故選A。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要講述了魯賓遜救助了一個年輕人，給他食物和水。這個年輕人大約26歲，高大強壯，看起來善良，尤其是他笑的時候。他們通過手勢交流，年輕人學(xué)習(xí)魯賓遜的語言比作者學(xué)習(xí)他的要快得多。魯賓遜給他起名叫星期五，因為他是在星期五被救的。起初，魯賓遜并不完全信任星期五，但很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)這沒有必要，因為沒有人比星期五更忠誠。星期五愿意以任何方式幫助魯賓遜。在接下來的三年里，魯賓遜教星期五使用所有的工具，并帶他去看自己制作的一切。有一天，星期五告訴魯賓遜一個驚人的消息：他曾經(jīng)在他的家鄉(xiāng)附近看到過一艘失事的船，他們救過十七個白人。這讓魯賓遜感到驚訝，因為有一群歐洲人離他們?nèi)绱酥芍?，這篇文章可能摘自《魯賓遜漂流記》。故選C。14．（8分）InJapanandtheworld，foodwasteisabigproblem.In2019，Japanproduced5.7milliontonsoffoodwaste.Thegovernmentisworkingonreducingthisto2.7millionby2030.Now，UniversityofTokyoresearchersinJapanhavecreatedanewtechnologythatusesfoodwasteinasurprisingway.StudentKotaMachidaandProfessorYuyaSakaisaytheoperationcanturnfoodwasteintoastrongmateriallikecement（水泥）Iheysayitistourtimesstiongc*thanregularconcrete（普通混凝土）andisenvironmental﹣friendly.Andyoucaneatit.Throughaprocessofdrying，crushing（搗碎），andcompressing（壓縮）thefoodwaste，SakaiandhisstudentMachidahadsuccessfullymadecementfromfoodwastewithoutplastic."Themostchallengingpartwasthateachtypeoffoodwasterequiresdifferenttemperaturesandpressurelevels，"Sakaisaid.Theteamhaveuseddifferenttypesoffoodwastetomakethecement，includingtealeaves，orangepeens，coffeegrounas，andleftover（剩下的）lunchmaterials.They'veadjusted（調(diào)整）flavors（香味）withdifferentspices（香料）andfoundthecolors，smellandtasteofthecementcanbequiteattractive.MachidaandhistwofriendshavecreatedacompanycalledFabula，Inc.Theyareworkingwithothercompaniestousethematerialtomakeproductsforthehome."Ifthiscementcouldreplaceplasticandcementproducts，itmayhelpslowglobalwarming（全球變暖）linkedto（與……有關(guān)聯(lián)）foodwaste，"saidMachida.（1）Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetworesearchers？CA.Workmates.B.Classmates.C.Aprofessorandastudent.（2）WhichquestionisansweredinParagraph3？AA.Howwasthecementmadefromfoodwaste？B.Whydidtheresearchersmakecementfromthefoodwaste？C.Whataretheadvantagesofcementmadefromfoodwaste：（3）HowmanytypesoffoodwastearementionedinParagraph4？BA.Three.B.Four.C.Five.（4）Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage？CA.Totellpeopletostopwastingfood.B.Toadvisepeopletotryusingthenewmaterial.C.Tointroduceanewwaytosolveenvironmentalproblems.【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第2段中StudentKotaMachidaandProfessorYuyaSakaisaytheoperationcanturnfoodwasteintoastrongmateriallikecementIheysayitistourtimesstiongc*thanregularconcreteandisenvironmental﹣friendly.（學(xué)生KotaMachida和教授YuyaSakai說，這種操作可以將食物垃圾變成像水泥一樣的堅固材料。）可知這兩位研究人員之間的關(guān)系是一個教授和一個學(xué)生，故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第3段Throughaprocessofdrying，crushing，andcompressingthefoodwaste，SakaiandhisstudentMachidahadsuccessfullymadecementfromfoodwastewithoutplastic."Themostchallengingpartwasthateachtypeoffoodwasterequiresdifferenttemperaturesandpressurelevels，"Sakaisaid.（通過對食物垃圾進行干燥、粉碎和壓縮的過程，Sakai和他的學(xué)生Machida成功地用沒有塑料的食物垃圾制成了水泥。Sakai說："最具挑戰(zhàn)性的是，每種食物垃圾都需要不同的溫度和壓力水平。"）可知本段回答了這些水泥是如何用食物殘渣制成的，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第4段Theteamhaveuseddifferenttypesoffoodwastetomakethecement，includingtealeaves，orangepeens，coffeegrounas，andleftoverlunchmaterials...（該團隊使用了不同類型的食物垃圾來制作水泥，包括茶葉、橘子皮、咖啡松雞和午餐剩料……）可知第4段提到了四種食物垃圾，故選B。（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第2段首句Now，UniversityofTokyoresearchersinJapanhavecreatedanewtechnologythatusesfoodwasteinasurprisingway.（現(xiàn)在，日本東京大學(xué)的研究人員創(chuàng)造了一種新技術(shù)，以一種令人驚訝的方式利用食物垃圾。）以及通讀全文，可知本文主要講述日本東京大學(xué)的研究人員使用特殊的技術(shù)在減少食物浪費的同時解決水泥制造行業(yè)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重污染的問題。因此寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一種解決環(huán)境問題的新方法，故選C。閱讀短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余選項。15．（8分）Watchingwildanimalsmakesuspleased，cheersusup，andsometimesevenmakesusfrightened（害怕的）.（1）CWildgeese，forexample，teachaverygoodlessonaboutteamwork.Infall，Canada'swildgeeseflysouthtogetawayfromCanada'scoldwinterweather.Theyliftoffinnoorder.Yetveryquicklytheyforma"V"shape，withonebirdleadingtheflock（鳥群）.Scientistshavediscoveredthatwildgeeseflyingina"V"shapecanhelpthemtosaveenergy.Inthisway，theycanfly70percentfartherwithoutrestthanthoseflyingalone.Whatcanhumanslearnfromthis？（2）AWehavefoundthatwildgeesemakesoundinflighttoencouragethosethathavefallenbehindtokeepupwiththespeed.Teammembersshouldcommunicatewitheachotherwhileworkingtowardsacommongoal.Taketurns.Thewildgooseoutinfronthasthehardestjobasithastobreakuptheaircurrents（氣