英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試試卷真題

英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試試卷真題

全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試pets3級(jí)歷年真題卷

閱讀PartA

材料題：根據(jù)下面資料，回答26?30題。

ThepoliticalcareerofCicero,agreatRomanstatesmanand

themostwell-knownspeech-mak-erofhistime,wasaremarkable

one.Atthetime,highpoliticalofficesinRome,thoughtechni-cally

achievedbywinningelections,werealmostexclusivelycontrolled

byagroupofwealthyno-blefamiliesthathadheldthemformany

generations.Cicero'sfamily,thoughnoble?wasnotoneofthem,

nordidithavegreatwealth.ButCicerohadagreatdealofpolitical

ambition;ataveryyoungagehechoseashisbasicbeliefthesame

oneAchilleswassaidtohavehad:toalwaysbethebestand

overtoptherest.Lackingtheadvantagesofaproperfamilyorigin,

therewereessentiallyonlytwocareeroptionsopentohim.One

wasamilitarycareer,sincemilitarysuccesswasthoughttoresult

fromexceptionalpersonalqualitiesandcouldleadtopopularityand

thereforepoliticalop-portunityaswasthecasemuchlaterfor

AmericanpresidentsUlyssesS.GrantandDwightD.Eisen-hower.

Cicero,however,wasnosoldier.Hehatedwar,andservedinthe

militaryonlyverybrief-lyasayoungman.

Instead,Cicerochoseacareerinthelaw.Toprepareforthis

career,hestudiedlaw,rhetoric,andphilosophy.Whenhefelthe

wasready,hebegantakingpartinlegalcases.Acareerinthelaw

couldleadtopoliticalsuccessforseveralreasons,allofwhichare

stillrelevanttoday.First,alawyerwouldgainagreatdealof

experienceinmakingspeeches.Second,hecouldalsogainex-

posureandpopularityfromcases.Finally,asuccessful

lawyerwouldbuildupanetworkofpoliti-calconnections,whichis

importantnowbutwasevenmoreimportantin.Cicero'stime,when

po-liticalcompetitionwasnotconductedalongpartylinesoronthe

basisofdoctrine,butinsteadwasbasedonloose,shiftingnetworks

ofpersonalfriendshipsandcommitments.Ciceroprovedtobean

excellentspeech-makerandlawyer,andanoutstandingpolitician.

HewaselectedtoeachoftheprincipalRomanofficesonhisfirst

tryandattheearliestageatwhichhewaslegallyallowedtorun

forthem.

26［單項(xiàng)選擇題］TowinanimportantofficeinCicero'stime,

acandidateshould.

A.bebornofawealthyfamily

B.possesspoliticalexperience

C.launchanationalcampaign

D.convincethegeneralpublic

27［單選題］Cicerocamefromafamilywith.

A.greatwealth

B.remarkablefame

C.politicalambition

D.noblebackground

28［單選題］UnlikeCicero,UlyssesGrantattainedhis

politicalpositiondueto.

A.hisstrongbeliefs

B.hispersonalrelations

C,hismilitaryachievements

D.hispowerfulspeeches

29［單選題］ARomanpolitician'scareerprospectswere

stronglyinfluencedby.

A.theirparty9ssupport

B.theirsocialconnections

C.theirpoliticaldoctrine

D.theirpublicpopularity

30［單選題］Cicerowaselectedtotheprincipaloffices

when.

A.hegotsupportfromhisfriends

B.hebeganhiscareerasalawyer

C.hewascommittedtosocialservices

D.hewasjustoldenoughtorunforthem

材料題

根據(jù)下面資料，回答31-35題。

Oneofthekeychallengesinurbanarchitectureoverthenext

50yearswillbefiguringouthowtosqueezevastnumbersof

additionalpeopleintourbanareasthatarealreadyextremely

crowded.

London,forexample,willsomehowhavetodealwitha

projected100,000extrainhabitantseveryyearuntil2016.The

currentplanofbuildingnewHsatellitetowns*1ofthecitycausesa

lotofprob-lems-butarchitecturethinktanksareworkingon

ambitioussolutionsthatgoverticalinsteadofhorizontalinsearch

ofspace.

Intermsofpopulationdensity,Londonisoneoftheleast

crowdedmajorcitiesintheworld-fourtimesfewerpeopleper

squarekilometerthanParis,forexample,sixtimesfewerthanNew

YorkandeighttimesfewerthanCairo.Butthefactremainsthat

thecity,spopulationisgrowingatarapidrate,andhorizontal

expansionintothesurroundingareasiseatingupincreasingly

importantagriculturalland,aswellasworseningallthe

transportproblemsthatcomewithurbangrowth.

PopularArchitecturewouldproposearadicallydifferent

solution.Theproposalistogoup-wards,withverticaltowersof

considerablesize,eachrepresentinganentirenewtownbythetime

it'scompleted.Eachtowerwouldbe1500metershigh.Beyond

mereaccommodation,eachtowerwouldfunctionasanentiretown

unit,withitsownschools,hospitals,parksandgardens,sports

facilities,businessareasandcommunityspaces.Thepopulation

densityofsuchatowercouldhelplowertheindividualenergy

requirementsofeachinhabitant,reducingtheecologicalimpactof

thepopulationasawhole.

Thevillagetowersareconsideredashollowtubes,withlarge

holestoallowlightandairthroughtheentireconstruction.

Occasionalfloordiscsspreadthroughouttheheightofthebuilding

willgiveinhabitantslargecentralareasinthemiddleofthetubeto

useasgatheringspaces.

Whilethebuildingitselfisunlikelyevertobeseriously

consideredfor

construction-imaginethenumberofelevatorsitwouldneed,

letalonethesafetyimplicationsofopenareasatsuchheightsand

withsuchwindexposure-theconceptcanserveasa

conversation—starterforurbanplannerslookingtofacethe

challengesofthecurrentandcomingcenturies.

31［單項(xiàng)選擇題］Onekeychallengingtaskforurban

architectsinfutureisto.

A.buildnewsatellitetowns